CN201517856U - Solar multiway tracking flat plate utilizing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar multiway tracking flat plate utilizing system, adopting a set of solar optical mirrors composed of reflecting mirrors, Fresnel lens, plane mirrors, wherein the revolution axis of each mirror is provided on a stand that can have different forms of solar energy mirrors, each solar optical mirror can rotate around the axis, while the solar mirror stand can also move, so as to realize the multiway tracking that the sunglasses can rotate along the shaft and can move along with the solar mirror stand; as the multiway tracking reduces the difficulty of uniaxle tracking, and simultaneously can reduce the scope of the focused cylindrical area, to improve the multiples of focusing and to improve the use temperature; as the solar multiway tracking flat plate utilizing device is provided in a cylinder range and on the ground or building, the device remains immobilized when the solar mirror moves, thus the focal distance is variable zoom tracking, the solar multiway tracking flat plate utilizing device is provided in a cylinder body to realize many-sided utilization of focusing tracking solar. The utility model provides its array structure, not only suitable for different sizes of systems, but also suitable for large-scale use of solar energy, particularly suitable for solar thermal power generation use.

Description

A Solar Multidirectional Tracking Flat Panel Utilization System

technical field

The utility model relates to the utilization of solar energy, in particular to the solar energy focus tracking linear tracking with the focus being a straight line and array tracking to realize the comprehensive application of solar thermal power generation, heating, cooling, hot water, boiling water and the like.

Background technique

The thermal application of solar energy mainly adopts glass plate technology and flat solar energy collection technology to realize the application of hot water at a temperature of 60 degrees. 300-800 degrees for solar thermal power generation applications. The existing hot water application with a low temperature of 60 degrees is a small-scale household application. Since there is no tracking system, the temperature cannot be raised and the use of high temperature cannot be realized. However, the three solar energy high-temperature collection technologies of trough, tower and butterfly cannot Realize small-scale home-type applications, thus limiting the application of technology.

Combining the existing industrial foundation of low-temperature flat panel technology and high-temperature solar energy collection technology, high-temperature solar energy collection and utilization can be realized. In particular, the use of flat-panel solar collection technology and trough solar tracking technology can realize household solar thermal power generation use.

The main tracking method of the trough system in the world is to set a changing plate at the focal line position of the trough system, fill the changing plate with heat transfer oil, and the motor drives the flow of heat transfer oil to realize the collection of heat energy. In the process of tracking solar energy, the heat transfer oil moves together in the pipe, and the bellows are used at the heat transfer oil pipe and the outflow end to realize the connection between the moving pipe and the non-moving pipe; because the bellows need high temperature resistance and high reliability, etc. Requirements, so it becomes a key component, and at the same time, this kind of connection cannot guarantee the thermal insulation requirements, so the heat loss and cost of the system are high. Therefore, there is a need for technologies and products that reduce costs, provide performance, and increase reliability.

Whether ordinary flat-panel technology can be combined with high-temperature collection technology can be combined with China's existing flat-type industrial foundation, and high-temperature solar energy collection and utilization can be realized by using high-temperature solar energy collection technology, especially the use of flat-panel technology And the combination of trough solar energy collection technology can realize household solar thermal power generation, heating, cooling, hot water, boiling water and other utilization.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a solar multi-directional tracking flat panel utilization system, which adopts a group of solar optical mirrors composed of multiple reflectors, Fresnel mirrors and plane mirrors, and sets the rotating shaft of each mirror in a different shape. On the solar mirror bracket, each solar optical mirror can rotate around the axis, and the solar mirror bracket can also move at the same time, so that the multi-directional tracking of the sun mirror rotating around the axis and following the movement of the solar mirror bracket is realized; due to the multi-directional tracking, the The difficulty of single-axis tracking can reduce the range of the focused cylindrical area, increase the focusing multiple, and increase the temperature used; since the solar panel utilization device is set in a cylindrical area and on the ground or on the building, the solar mirror Keeping still while moving, so its focal length is variable zooming and tracking, and the solar panel utilization device is arranged in the cylinder to realize multiple utilizations of solar energy for focusing and tracking.

The utility model provides the array structure, is suitable for systems of different scales, and is also suitable for large-scale utilization of solar energy, especially for thermal power generation utilization of solar energy.

Concrete invention content is as follows:

The solar multi-directional tracking flat panel utilization system includes at least one solar panel utilization device, at least one group of optical mirrors, wherein each group of optical mirrors is composed of a plurality of solar linear focusing optical mirrors, and a solar mirror bracket for supporting the optical mirror group, so that the solar energy linear Focusing optical mirrors can track the sun's solar tracking device, power drive device, and electronic control system. Each set of optical mirrors is jointly focused on a cylindrical area, and at least one solar panel utilization device is set in the cylindrical area and remains stationary , it is characterized in that: each solar linear focusing optical mirror is fixedly provided with at least one rotating shaft, the two ends of the rotating shaft are arranged on the solar mirror bracket, and the linear focusing optical mirror is driven to rotate along the rotating shaft and follow the solar mirror bracket through a power drive device Movement, so that the focal line of each group of linear focusing optical mirrors is always kept in the area where the solar panel utilization device is located.

In order to enable the solar mirror bracket to move flexibly, the shape of the solar mirror bracket can be selected to be conducive to movement, or at least one of the following shapes can be selected:

A. Parabolic shape;

B. Arc;

C. Round devices;

D. Polygon bracket;

E. Compound parabola;

F, straight line, oblique line, curved line.

The tracking device includes a tracking bracket and a power transmission mechanism for supporting the whole system. In order to realize that the power drive device (6) drives the power transmission mechanism and realize the tracking of solar energy by the optical mirror, one end of the power transmission device (10) is connected to the drive device, and at least the other end is arranged on the rotating shaft, the solar mirror bracket or the solar linear focus On the optical mirror, the power transmission mechanism is driven by the power drive device (6) to realize tracking of solar energy. The tracking bracket provides support for all components of solar energy utilization equipment, solar optical mirrors, tracking systems, and solar line focusing optical mirror brackets. The tracking bracket can be arranged at any part of the above-mentioned system, as long as it meets the requirements of the utility model, the position and structure of the bracket can be set arbitrarily.

Any power transmission mechanism driven by the power drive system (6) can be used for solar tracking of the present utility model, and the power transmission mechanism is selected from one of the following: gear mechanism (10), chain mechanism, worm gear mechanism, hinge mechanism .

Wherein when the other end of the power transmission device (10) is arranged on the rotating shaft of the solar linear focusing optical mirror, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the optical mirror, and the gear or chain or hinge mechanism of the transmission device is driven by the power driving device to make the rotating shaft rotate, thereby Drive the solar linear focus optical mirror to rotate around the shaft; when the power transmission device is set on the solar mirror bracket, it can drive the solar mirror bracket to move; when the power transmission device is directly set on the solar linear focus optical mirror, it can directly drive the solar linear focus Focusing optics for movement.

The solar mirror bracket is set on the tracking bracket, and the solar mirror bracket can move on the tracking bracket through the power drive device and the power transmission device, and together with the movement of the solar mirror's extension axis, it forms a multi-directional movement, mainly to achieve the purpose of tracking And requirements, the movement mode of the solar mirror bracket can adopt any possible form, but the preferred movement track can choose one of the following:

A. The parabola or arc or circular device moves parallel to the ground plane;

B. The parabolic or arc or circular device moves along two parabolas or arcs or circles in a parabola or arc or circle.

C. Movement along a straight line, oblique line, or curve.

Since the line focusing system does not move, any flat-panel utilization system can be set in this area, and any flat-panel utilization system can be set within the focal length range of the focal line and the solar mirror. According to the requirements of temperature and space, you can choose any The range of focal lengths is set using the flat panel system.

The flat panel is composed of a solar light-to-heat conversion device, a light-transmitting board, a heat-insulating board and a frame. At the bottom of the light-to-heat converter, facing the light-transmitting plate, the frame forms it as a whole, and at least one inlet and one outlet are arranged on it, so that the fluid can enter the plate from the inlet and flow out from the outlet The flat plate, wherein the light-to-heat converter is a heat pipe flat plate, a metal tube flat plate, or a non-metallic tube flat plate, is provided with a solar coating on the side of the flat plate facing sunlight to convert sunlight into heat energy.

The linear tracking system has two tracking methods: north-south and east-west. It is mainly placed parallel to the ground plane. According to the different longitudes and latitudes on the earth's surface, the direction that is perpendicular to the sun's rays or the angle with the smallest angle is preferred. Solar linear tracking The focal line of the focusing optical mirror and the axis of symmetry in the length direction of the solar optical mirror are parallel to the earth's rotation axis, so that the heat collection efficiency is the highest. The focal line of the solar linear focusing optical mirror is placed in one of the following ways: parallel to the earth's rotation axis, and The angle between parallel to the earth's rotation axis is the smallest, parallel to the ground, parallel to the horizontal plane, and preferably placed parallel to the earth's rotation axis.

Any optical mirror that can be line-focused can be used for solar energy collection. The optical mirror that can focus solar energy linearly is selected from the following ones:

A. Linear compound parabolic reflector;

B. Linear Fresnel lens or mirror;

C. Linear concave and convex lenses;

D. Linear parabolic reflector;

E, glass, metal, non-metal plane mirrors.

Drive the power transmission mechanism through the power drive system (6) to realize tracking of solar energy, and the power drive system device used is selected from one of the following:

A, mechanical driving device, preferably mechanical spring, spring, tracking;

B. The phase change driving device adopts the material sealed in a space, and the pressure increases with the increase of temperature to push the movement mechanism and realize tracking;

The above two types of tracking A and B do not need to consume electric energy and become non-electric drive;

C. Use electric energy to drive the motor or hydraulic device to drive the power transmission mechanism (10) to realize tracking;

D, by the signal of the sensor of electricity or light, by comparing the current, voltage value and/or luminance value of the solar conversion device of different parts, adjust the tracking of the motion realization of motor (6) by computer or single-chip microcomputer;

The above two types of tracking C and D need to consume electric energy and become power consumption drives.

For ease of use, the system can be set in different areas, either on the ground or on the top of a building. Usually, multiple solar energy utilization devices (1) are used to set up an array, and each array can be set in a on a common platform or set in a ground and/or building area;

For solar energy utilization equipment in the same row and/or column, one power drive device (6) can be shared;

In the process of tracking solar energy, there may be tracking errors, or part of the sunlight due to scattering and other reasons, after the first solar optical mirror line focusing, the sunlight is in the area outside the solar energy utilization equipment, in order to reduce this For part of the loss, secondary focusing is used, that is, a secondary focusing solar mirror is set on the solar energy utilization equipment, and the solar light lost in the primary focusing is refocused to focus the solar light on the solar energy utilization equipment. Usually, you can choose At least one of the following secondary focusing optics (8):

A. Linear compound parabolic reflector;

B. Linear Fresnel lens or mirror;

C. Linear concave and convex lenses;

D. Linear parabolic reflector;

E, glass, metal, non-metal plane mirrors.

F. Polygonal prism, a parabola composed of multiple plane reflection or projection mirrors, a compound parabola or a polyprism composed of multiple Fresnel lenses or reflectors.

The secondary focusing optical mirror can be set on the solar energy utilization equipment and rotate together with the primary focusing solar mirror. In this way, the primary and secondary focusing solar mirrors can use the same tracking device and driving device to achieve secondary focusing of solar energy. Improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization.

At least a plurality of solar panel utilization devices are set up as an array, and each array is composed of multiple groups of solar mirrors, tracking systems, bracket systems, and solar panel utilization devices. For the solar panel utilization devices in the same row and/or column, a shared Power driven equipment, each array can be located on a common platform or located in a ground and/or building area.

A system is composed of multiple arrays, and multiple rows and columns of solar panel utilization devices are arranged on each array, and each row or column of solar panel utilization devices on each array performs heat exchange through a heat pipe system and/or forced circulating fluid Or direct use, heat exchange between multiple arrays through a heat pipe system and/or forced circulation fluid or direct use.

The scheme selected by the utility model is the optimal scheme for realizing the purpose of the utility model, and any scheme, technology and product conforming to the principle of the utility model are all the protection scope of the utility model.

Adopting the technical solution of the utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects:

1. The utility model combines flat panel technology with line-focused solar energy utilization technology, and realizes the collection and utilization of solar energy at medium and high temperatures.

2. It can realize high-efficiency utilization of heat energy, greatly expands the technology and scope of trough solar energy utilization, enhances the reliability of the application, and increases the load capacity of the system.

3. It can facilitate the utilization of the flat plate utilization system of the array, and realize the efficient and large-scale utilization of different solar energy products.

4. It can be suitable for comprehensive utilization in small areas and families.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a multi-parabolic mirror solar line tracking and utilization system (side view) diagram;

Figure 2 is a system diagram of Dofresnel mirror tracking and utilization;

Figure 3 is a system diagram of the multi-Fresnel mirror tracking array tracking and utilization system.

Figure 4 is the outline drawing of the tablet

Figure 5 shows the shape and structure of the flat plate, with an inlet and an outlet on one side, an insulation layer on the bottom, a glass light-transmitting plate on the top, and metal and non-metal pipes inside.

The meanings of the specific symbols in the figure are as follows:

1: flat plate, 2: solar line focusing optical mirror, 3: solar mirror bracket, 4: tracking bracket, 5: rotating shaft, 6: power drive device (motor), 7: gear, 8: secondary solar mirror, 9: Power transmission system, 10: heat pipe heat transfer system; 11, heat exchanger arranged at the condensing end of heat pipe, 12, light-transmitting plate, 13, heat preservation plate, 14, inlet, 15, outlet, 16, frame, 17, solar mirror bracket Drive System.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: Multi-parabolic mirror solar line tracking and utilization system

This figure is a side view, the solar mirror is four parabolic reflectors (2), the solar energy utilization device (1) is a flat plate (1), and the parabolic mirror is arranged on a parabolic device (3). There are two rotating shafts (5) on the mirror, and the solar mirror can rotate along the shaft. Multiple solar mirrors track the solar energy through different movements, and at the same time focus the solar light on the heat pipe. The four parabolic mirrors use the same The drive system, the transmission mechanism is a gear set, and the number of gear teeth of different solar mirrors is different, so that different rotating speeds can be used to drive different solar mirrors to move; at the same time, there are rollers on the ground, which can roll on the ground. Realize the drive to the solar mirror support (3), realize like this through the drive of rotating shaft (5) and the drive (17) to the solar mirror support of parabolic device, realize the overall tracking to solar energy, realize the four solar mirrors of solar energy Tracking of solar energy is realized through different movements; in this way, the whole system is composed of ground movement and rotation of each solar parabolic mirror along the shaft to achieve tracking and utilization of solar energy.

Embodiment 2: Dofresnel mirror tracking and utilization system

As shown in Figure 2, this example adopts two sets of Fresnel reflectors (2) system to realize solar tracking, wherein each set of solar mirrors is two Fresnel reflectors, and the two sets of solar mirror tracking systems are connected in series; (1) It is a flat-panel solar thermal comprehensive utilization system. The flat-panel is arranged inside the vacuum tube, and an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the flat-panel. The fluid can be heated through the system, thereby realizing the thermal utilization of solar energy; four Fresnel The reflector is fixed on two semicircular devices, the power drive device is a motor (6), the power transmission device is a gear mechanism arranged on the ring, and the motor drives the gear arranged on the ring through the gear mechanism, so that The solar mirror rotates on the ring, and the motor and transmission part of this part are fixedly connected with the semi-circle; at the same time, another motor and gear set (17) are set on the semi-circle device, and one end of the transmission mechanism is set on the semi-circle On the device, the other end is connected to the gear, and the movement of the semicircular device is realized through the gear unit. The motor of this part is connected to the ground, and it does not move during the tracking process; in this way, the solar mirror is realized through the drive of the two motors. The rotation along its rotation axis and the movement following the semicircular device realize the tracking and utilization of solar energy.

Embodiment 3: Dofresnel mirror tracking array tracking and utilization system

This case is a multi-mirror array tracking system, using four Fresnel reflectors, whose rotation axes are fixed on four rings, each Fresnel reflector can rotate along the axis, and the power drive device is a motor , the motor drives two gears set on the focal line shaft through the power transmission equipment of the chain, so as to realize the solar tracking of the 2*2 array. Tracking movement; meanwhile, a second motor drive part (17) is also provided, which is directly connected to the ground and can drive the shaft of the ring to rotate; the solar energy utilization device is a flat heat pipe system arranged inside the vacuum box , The flat heat pipe system transmits heat energy to the outside of the system, realizing the collection and utilization of solar energy.

Claims (10)

1. A solar multi-directional tracking flat panel utilization system, comprising at least one solar panel utilization device, at least one group of optical mirrors wherein each group of optical mirrors is composed of a plurality of solar linear focusing optical mirrors, a solar mirror bracket for supporting the optical mirror group , a solar tracking device, a power drive device, and an electronic control system that enable the solar linear focusing optical mirror to track the movement of the sun, each group of optical mirrors is jointly focused in a cylindrical area, and at least one solar panel utilization device is arranged in the cylindrical area And keep it still, it is characterized in that: each solar linear focusing optical mirror is fixedly equipped with at least one rotating shaft, the two ends of the rotating shaft are arranged on the solar mirror bracket, and the linear focusing optical mirror is driven to rotate along the rotating shaft and Following the movement of the solar mirror bracket, the focal line of each group of linear focusing optical mirrors is always kept within the area where the solar panel utilization device is located. 2. The solar multi-directional tracking flat panel utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solar mirror bracket is selected from at least one of the following shapes: A. Parabolic shape; B. Arc; C. Round devices; D. Polygon bracket; E. Compound parabola; F, straight line, oblique line, curved line. 3. Any solar energy multi-directional tracking panel utilization system according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that: the tracking device includes a tracking bracket for supporting the whole system, a power transmission mechanism, and one end of the power transmission device is connected to The driving device is connected, at least the other end is arranged on the rotating shaft, the solar mirror bracket, and the solar linear focusing optical mirror, and the power transmission mechanism is driven by the power driving device to realize tracking of solar energy. The power transmission mechanism is selected from one of the following: gear mechanism , Chain mechanism, worm gear mechanism, hinge mechanism. 4. The solar multi-directional tracking flat panel utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the solar mirror bracket is arranged on the tracking bracket, and the track of the solar mirror bracket moving can be selected from one of the following: A. The parabola or arc or circular device moves parallel to the ground plane; B. Parabolic or arc or circular devices move along two parabolas or arcs or circles to perform parabolic or arc or circular motion; C. Movement along a straight line, oblique line, or curve. 5. According to claim 1 and claim 2, any solar linear zoom one-way tracking flat plate utilization system is characterized in that: said flat plate is composed of a solar light-to-heat conversion device, a light-transmitting plate, a thermal insulation plate and a frame, and the light-transmitting The light board is on the outside of the light-to-heat converter and allows sunlight to enter the inner light-to-heat converter. The insulation board is at the bottom of the light-to-heat converter and faces the light-transmitting board. The frame forms it into a whole , and at least one inlet and one outlet are arranged on it, so that the fluid can enter the plate from the inlet and flow out of the plate from the outlet. The light-to-heat converters are heat pipe plates, metal tube plates, and non-metal tube plates. The side facing the sunlight is provided with a solar coating, which converts sunlight into heat energy. 6. According to claim 1 and 2, any solar multi-directional tracking flat panel utilization system is characterized in that: the focal line of the solar linear focusing optical mirror is placed in one of the following ways: parallel to the earth's rotation axis, and the earth's rotation The axis-parallel included angle is the smallest, parallel to the ground, parallel to the horizontal plane, and preferably placed parallel to the earth's rotation axis. 7. Any solar energy multi-directional tracking panel utilization system according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that: said power drive device is selected from one of the following: A, mechanical driving device, preferably mechanical spring, spring, tracking; B. The phase change driving device adopts the material sealed in a space, and the pressure increases with the increase of temperature to push the movement mechanism and realize tracking; C. Use electric energy to drive the motor or hydraulic device to drive the power transmission mechanism to achieve tracking; D. By comparing the current, voltage and/or luminance values of different parts of the solar energy conversion device through the signal of the electric or optical sensor, the computer or the single chip microcomputer is used to adjust the movement of the motor to realize the tracking. 8. According to claim 1 and 2, any solar energy multi-directional tracking panel utilization system is characterized in that: around the solar panel utilization device, a secondary reflector, an optical mirror for solar linear focus and a secondary reflector are also provided. The reflector is selected from at least one of the following: A. Linear compound parabolic reflector; B. Linear Fresnel lens or mirror; C. Linear concave and convex lenses; D. Linear parabolic reflector; E. Glass, metal, non-metal plane mirrors; F. Polygonal prism, a parabola composed of multiple plane reflection or projection mirrors, a compound parabola or a polyprism composed of multiple Fresnel lenses or reflectors. 9. According to claim 1 and 2, any solar multi-directional tracking panel utilization system is characterized in that: at least a plurality of solar panel utilization devices are arranged as an array, and each array consists of multiple groups of solar mirrors, tracking systems, The solar panel utilization devices in the same row and/or column share a power drive device, and each array can be set on a common platform or on a ground and/or building area. 10. According to claim 9, said solar energy multi-directional tracking panel utilization system is characterized in that: a system is formed by multiple arrays, and multiple rows and rows of solar panel utilization devices are arranged on each array, and each row on each array Or arrays of solar panel utilization devices perform heat exchange or direct utilization through heat pipe systems and/or forced circulation fluids, and multiple arrays perform heat exchange or direct utilization through heat pipe systems and/or forced circulation fluids.

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