CN201424731Y - Roof structure for thermal insulation, temperature regulation and ventilation - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat-preserving, temperature-regulating and ventilating roof structure, including a structural floor, characterized in that roof air bricks composed of hollow air bricks with more than one air passage opening through the brick body are built above the structural floor of the roof structure In the air brick layer, the adjacent air channel openings between the air bricks are connected to form an air channel, and a plurality of air channels constitute the roof air layer of the building. In the utility model, an air brick layer is added above the roof structure floor as the roof insulation air layer, and the air layer of the building is connected to the ground by using the building or connected to the solar energy device or connected to the smoke exhaust, the heat exchange device of the exhaust duct and other temperature sources. Fill the underground ground temperature and water temperature which is warm in winter and cool in summer, or the temperature provided by solar energy devices or smoke exhaust and exhaust duct heat exchange devices into the air layer of the building to make it adjust the temperature of the roof, which not only enhances the heat preservation effect, but also solves the problem of Solved the problem of the hottest summer, the coldest winter, and the highest energy consumption of the penthouse.

Description

Roof structure for thermal insulation, temperature regulation and ventilation

technical field

The utility model relates to a roof structure for building construction, in particular to a roof structure for heat preservation, temperature adjustment and ventilation, which is an improvement to the existing building roof structure and belongs to the building energy-saving design technology.

Background technique

At present, vigorously developing energy-saving buildings has become a necessity to implement the national policy of energy conservation and emission reduction, and the thermal insulation design of building roof structures is a key development of building energy-saving technology.

The thermal insulation design of the building's roof structure is a building energy-saving measure that puts thermal insulation materials in the roof structure to endow the building with good thermal insulation performance. In addition to the thermal insulation function, since the thermal insulation system is placed in the roof structure, the temperature difference effect on the main structure is greatly reduced, and the temperature deformation is reduced, which can protect the roof structure and effectively block the cold ( Thermal) bridge, which is conducive to building energy saving and life extension.

The building roof structure in the prior art (from bottom to top) generally consists of a roof panel, an insulation layer, a cement mortar layer, an anti-crack layer, a waterproof layer, and a protective surface layer. The construction process is as follows: cleaning the roof base → construction of the insulation layer. When leveling is required, cement mortar should be used for leveling → construction of the insulation layer with cement mortar mixed with phase change materials → plastering anti-cracking mortar composite anti-cracking Alkali grid cloth → use waterproof membrane or waterproof coating for waterproof layer construction → protect surface layer construction.

There are some defects and deficiencies in the above-mentioned building roof structure: for example, when the waterproof layer leaks, it is not easy to find the leak point, and the entire floor needs to be demolished and redone for one leak; the insulation material is not ventilated, and only one leak , the entire insulation layer will be completely soaked, the load on the layer will increase and cause multiple leakages; the roof insulation materials are generally not ideal, making the top floor houses the hottest in summer and the coldest in winter, and the energy consumption is the highest; It is easy to crack under various conditions such as freezing, aging, and man-made damage, making the waterproof layer useless.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, by improving the building roof insulation structure and design ideas, to provide a building roof structure that uses air bricks to form an air layer for heat preservation, temperature regulation and ventilation. This new type of building roof is to add an air brick layer on the top of the roof structure board to make the roof insulation air layer, and make the air layer of the building connect to the ground or connect to the solar energy device or connect to the smoke exhaust and exhaust duct heat exchange device. The same temperature source, the ground temperature and water temperature of the underground, which is warm in winter and cool in summer, or the temperature provided by solar energy devices or smoke exhaust and exhaust heat exchange devices are charged into the air layer of the building, so that it can adjust the temperature of the roof, which not only enhances the heat preservation As a result, it also solves the problems of the hottest summer, the coldest winter and the highest energy consumption of the top-floor house.

The technical solution given by the utility model is: the roof structure for heat preservation, temperature regulation and ventilation includes a structural floor, which is characterized in that the roof structure above the structural floor is made of hollow and has more than one through-brick The roof air brick layer formed by the air bricks with the air channel openings of the body, in the air brick layer, the adjacent air channel openings between the air bricks are connected to form an air channel, and a plurality of air channels constitute the roof air layer of the building.

In order to better accomplish the purpose of the utility model, the roof air layer is a single-layer or multi-layer air brick layer, and the hollow bricks of the same layer have the same hollow direction, so that the hollow bricks form an air channel, which is beneficial to the roof to reduce load, heat preservation and Ventilate in case of emergency; the air layer on the roof is provided with openings communicating with temperature sources, such as ground temperature or water temperature or solar energy devices or smoke exhaust, exhaust duct heat exchange devices and other temperature sources.

In order to better accomplish the purpose of the utility model, an insulating material layer is arranged below or above the air brick layer of the roof, a seepage pipe communicating with the drain pipe is arranged under the air brick layer, and an inner waterproof layer is arranged under the seepage channel , A slope-finding layer is set under the inner waterproof layer, and the roof structure floor is under the slope-finding layer.

In order to better accomplish the purpose of the utility model, an insulating material layer is arranged below or above the air brick layer of the roof, a slope-finding layer is arranged above the air brick layer of the roof, and an outer waterproof layer is arranged above the slope-finding layer.

In order to better accomplish the purpose of the utility model, a roof air brick layer is arranged above the structure floor, a thermal insulation material layer is arranged above the roof air brick layer, a slope-finding layer is arranged above the thermal insulation material layer, and an outer wall is arranged above the slope-finding layer. Waterproof layer.

The air brick mentioned in the technical solution of the utility model refers to a brick that is hollow and has more than one air passage opening through the brick body.

Inspired by the purpose of the utility model and the above-mentioned technical solutions, the technical solution of deliberately adopting other materials to construct air channels for replacing the air bricks when building the roof air layer provided by the utility model should also belong to the requirements of the utility model protected range.

In the above technical scheme:

The air brick layer can be provided with an inner waterproof layer, that is (in order from bottom to top) structural floor-mortar slope making layer-inner waterproof layer-seepage channel-air brick layer-insulation layer;

The air brick layer can also be provided with an outer waterproof layer, i.e. (in order from bottom to top) structural floor-mortar slope finding layer-inner waterproof layer-seepage channel-air brick layer-insulation layer-mortar slope making layer-outer Waterproof layer;

Of course, the air brick layer can only be provided with an outer waterproof layer, i.e. (in order from bottom to top) structural floor-mortar slope-finding layer-empty layer brick layer-insulation layer-mortar slope-finding layer-outer waterproof layer.

In the above-mentioned technical scheme, other components in the roof structure of thermal insulation, temperature regulation and ventilation that are not mentioned are the same as those of the prior art, and the order between each level can be arranged according to the existing order, and can also be slightly exchanged or omitted.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. Breaking the shackles of the traditional design idea that the roof has the function of waterproof and heat preservation and also serves as a cold and hot temperature container. The use of the air layer and the cooperation of the temperature source not only play the role of heat preservation on the roof of the building, but also play the role of thermoregulation;

2. Use hollow bricks to lay the roof, so that the roof has an air insulation layer. Because the air brick has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, heat preservation, and good sound insulation and noise reduction performance, it can enhance the heat preservation effect and reduce the roof load. The hollow brick can be single layer or multiple The hollow bricks of the same layer are laid in the same direction, so that the hollow bricks form an air channel. Once the waterproof layer leaks, the part can be opened to ventilate and dry, which is convenient for maintenance. This method makes the roof usually have a good air insulation layer, and local maintenance It is easy to create a ventilated and dry maintenance condition;

3. Place the thermal insulation layer on the air brick layer and the waterproof layer, which improves the environment where the thermal insulation and waterproof layers are located. It not only improves the thermal insulation effect but also prolongs the service life of the roof waterproof layer. The coldest and most energy-intensive problem.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment (opening connects temperature source);

Fig. 3 is the structural representation (inner waterproof layer) of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of the seepage pipe in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment (inner waterproof layer+outer waterproof layer);

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the utility model (outer waterproof layer).

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment the concrete technical scheme of the present utility model is further described:

As shown in Fig. 1, the roof air brick layer 2 composed of air bricks that are hollow and have more than one air passage 1 opening through the brick body is built in this building roof structure for heat preservation, temperature regulation and ventilation. The openings of the adjacent air channels 1 between the air bricks in the layer 2 are connected to form an air channel, which constitutes the roof air layer of the building. The mark 3 in the figure is the structural floor.

As shown in Figure 2, the roof air layer is a multi-layered roof air brick layer 2, and the hollow bricks of the same layer have the same hollow orientation, so that the hollow bricks form an air channel, which is conducive to roof load reduction, heat preservation and ventilation in emergency situations; the roof air layer An opening 4 communicating with a temperature source is provided, and the temperature source is a building exhaust duct heat exchange device.

Fig. 3 shows that the roof air brick layer 2 is provided with an insulating material layer 5, and the roof air brick layer 2 is provided with a mortar layer 6 and a seepage pipe 8 communicated with the row (rain) water pipe 7, and the seepage pipe 8 is arranged below The inner waterproof layer 9 is provided with a slope-finding layer 10 under the inner waterproof layer 9, and the bottom of the slope-finding layer 10 is a structural floor 3, and the mark 11 in the figure is a water seepage material.

Fig. 4 shows the setting condition of the seepage pipe 8 in Fig. 3, the seepage pipe 8 provided on the inner waterproof layer 9 communicates with the drainage (rain) water pipe 7 of the building.

Figure 5 shows that an insulating material layer 5 is arranged above the roof air brick layer 2, a slope finding layer 12 is arranged above the insulating material layer 5, an outer waterproof layer 13 is arranged above the slope finding layer 12, and mortar is arranged under the roof air brick layer 2 Layer 6 and the seepage pipe 8 connected with the drainage (rain) water pipe 7, the inner waterproof layer 9 is set under the seepage pipe 8, the slope-making layer 10 is arranged under the inner waterproof layer 9, and the structural floor 3 is under the slope-finding layer 10.

Figure 6 shows that a roof air brick layer 2 is arranged above the structural floor 3, an insulation material layer 5 is arranged above the roof air brick layer 2, a slope-making layer 12 is arranged above the insulation material layer 5, and an external waterproof layer is arranged above the slope-finding layer 12. Layer 13, this method has saved inner waterproof layer, makes cost cheap, construction is easy, and maintenance is simple.

During construction:

(1) Structural floor 3

It is the bottom of the roof structure layer and is integrated with the building structure;

(2) Empty roof brick layer 2

Empty layer bricks have the characteristics of light weight, high strength, heat preservation, and good sound insulation and noise reduction performance. It can enhance the heat preservation effect and reduce the roof load; during maintenance, only need to open the part to make the roof layer ventilated and dry.

(3) Insulation material layer 5

The insulation material layer is laid on the top of the air brick layer with insulation materials, and the construction is carried out according to the relevant standards and specifications of insulation materials. The construction thickness shall be 80mm thick insulation layer according to the requirements of the area;

(4) Inner waterproof layer 9 and outer waterproof layer 13

Waterproof according to national standards and specifications, to ensure that the waterproof surface layer does not have any sharp angle contact, and there is no seepage or leakage in the water test;

(5) slope finding layer 10 and slope finding layer 12

Use mortar to level the structural floor and insulation material layer, and make a hydraulic slope of more than 2%.

When working, the roof air layer of the building uses temperature sources such as the building to connect to the ground or to the solar energy device or to the smoke exhaust and exhaust duct heat exchange devices to transfer the ground temperature and water temperature of the underground, which is warm in winter and cool in summer, or the solar energy device or smoke exhaust, The temperature provided by the heat exchange device of the exhaust duct is charged into the roof air layer of the building, so that it can adjust the temperature of the roof.

When the temperature rises in summer, the exhaust port is opened, and the hot air flow rises and is discharged quickly by the higher the building, the faster the air flow and the negative pressure. The adjustment enables the hot air flow to be adjusted quickly to achieve the cooling effect;

When the temperature drops in winter, the exhaust port is closed, and a still air layer is formed on the roof to reduce the heat conduction rate. Due to the intervention of the temperature source, the air is heated and gathered in the air brick layer, and the roof has a good heat preservation effect.

Claims (5)

1. the roof structure of an insulation, temperature adjustment, ventilation, include structure floor, build by laying bricks or stones by roofing air brick layer hollow and that air brick that the air channel opening of perforation brick body more than is arranged constitutes the structure floor top that it is characterized in that described roof structure, adjacent air channel opening links to each other and forms air duct between the air brick in described air brick layer, and many air ducts have constituted the roofing air layer of building.

2. the roof structure of insulation according to claim 1, temperature adjustment, ventilation, it is characterized in that described roofing air layer is that single berth is if the air brick layer of paved in multi-layers, layer hollow brick is hollow towards unanimity together, make hollow brick form air duct, described roofing air layer is provided with the opening that communicates with temperature source, and described temperature source is ground temperature or water temperature or solar energy equipment or smoke evacuation, exhaust duct heat-exchanger rig.

3. the roof structure of insulation according to claim 1, temperature adjustment, ventilation, the air brick layer below or the top that it is characterized in that described roofing are provided with adiabator layer, the air brick layer of described roofing is arranged with the seepage flow pipe that communicates with gutter, the inner waterproofing layer is set under the seepage flow road, under the inner waterproofing layer sloping layer is set, sloping layer is the roof structure floor down.

4. the roof structure of insulation according to claim 3, temperature adjustment, ventilation, the air brick layer below or the top that it is characterized in that described roofing are provided with adiabator layer, the air brick layer top of described roofing is provided with sloping layer, and the sloping layer top is provided with exterior waterproof coating.

5. the roof structure of insulation according to claim 1, temperature adjustment, ventilation, it is characterized in that described structure floor top is provided with roofing air brick layer, roofing air brick layer top is provided with adiabator layer, and the adiabator layer top is provided with sloping layer, and the sloping layer top is provided with exterior waterproof coating.

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