CN201402263Y - 药物滥用六合一检测试剂卡 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型是一种药物滥用六合一检测试剂卡,属于胶体金检测领域。本实用新型主要由检测卡壳和胶体金检测试纸两部分组成。检测卡壳的内部有六个凹槽用于放置吗啡、氯胺酮、苯二氮卓、巴比妥、美沙酮及丁丙诺啡六种滥用药物胶体金检测试纸。本实用新型可实现一步定性检测人体尿液中是否含有吗啡、氯胺酮、苯二氮卓、巴比妥、美沙酮及丁丙诺啡,从而确定是否有药物滥用情况,具有成本低,小巧简便,操作简单,无需专业操作人员操作等特点。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种一步检测六种精神药物的试剂卡,属于胶体金检测领域。
背景技术
药物滥用一般是指违背了公认的医疗用途和社会规范而使用任何一种药物。这种使用往往是自行给药,并于断药后不断产生再次使用倾向。药物滥用往往导致对用药个人精神和身体的危害,进而酿成对整个社会的严重危害。
吗啡是鸦片中最主要的生物碱(含量约10-15%),在医学上,吗啡为麻醉性镇痛药,但久用可产生严重的依赖性,一旦失去供给,将会产生流汗、颤抖、发热、血压升高、肌肉疼痛和痉挛等明显的戒断症状。长期使用吗啡,会引发精神失常,大剂量吸食吗啡,会导致呼吸停止而死亡。
氯胺酮(Ketamine)是一种非巴比妥类静脉麻醉剂,由于其麻醉作用快、镇痛强,临床上用作手术麻醉剂或者麻醉诱导剂。氯胺酮只需简单加工就可得到固体氯胺酮,因为其物理形状通常呈白色粉末,故俗称“K粉”。K粉具有一定的精神依赖性,易使人形成瘾癖,。
苯二氮卓类药物(benzodiazepine drugs,BZD)作为镇静催眠药应用于临床已经有40多年的历史,目前已被美国FDA批准用于治疗惊恐障碍,成为治疗焦虑相关障碍的主要药物。尽管其具有较好的疗效和安全性,然而已有明确的证据表明长期应用苯二氮卓类药物会导致依赖,即使在低剂量及治疗剂量时也是如此。主要表现为停药后引起明显的戒断综合征:焦虑,知觉障碍,食欲不振,失眠等,严重者出现癫痫发作、谵妄及精神病。
巴比妥类药物抑制桥脑网状结构,减少眼快动睡眠,即使短期服用,停药也会引起眼快动睡眠的反跳,表现为恶梦连绵,不舒服的感觉。所以,一旦服用巴比妥类药物后,往往会持续服下去,较难停下来,因而易形成依赖。依赖者大都服用短时间作用的药物,如速可眠、阿米妥、戊巴比妥等。一般成瘾剂量为治疗量的4~50倍,该类药与酒精有交叉耐药性,饮酒时同服巴比妥类药物可加速成瘾。有时一次大量服用就可以成瘾。
美沙酮是一种人工合成的麻醉药品,由于与吗啡和海洛因等毒品一样,作用于阿片受体,而其毒性相对较弱,常被当作毒品替代物用于戒毒治疗。但是目前研究发现美沙酮同样会产生依赖和戒断症状,且持续时间长于吗啡和海洛因。
丁丙诺啡是一种兼具有阿片受体激动和拮抗活性的药物,它是一种高亲脂性药物,注射或舌下含化起效都比较快,低剂量能显示阿片受体的激动活性,高剂量则出现阿片受体拮抗作用。目前丁丙诺啡有针剂和片剂,许多国家和我国许多地方也都使用丁丙诺啡来对海洛因成瘾者进行戒毒治疗。丁丙诺啡除了它的药用作用外,还有比较严重的副作用,副作用与其它阿片类药物相似,最常见的有:易成瘾、神经系统损害、记忆力下降、失眠、嗜睡、出汗、便秘、头痛、恶心,可能引起高血压和诱发高血压,呼吸抑制等等。丁丙诺啡有两种很危险的滥用情况:一是药片不恰当的用作静脉注射或过大剂量的口服;二是与其他镇静类药物(如地西泮、酒精)合用,这样使用易引起呼吸抑制,昏迷、甚至死亡。
目前对药物滥用检测的方法很多,例如放射免疫测定技术(RIA),酶扩大免疫测定技术(EMIT),荧光免疫测定技术(FIA),酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),气相质谱联用技术(GCMS)等。但是这些技术普遍存在价格昂贵、操作复杂、检测时间长并且需要专业人员操作,而胶体金方法的应用解决了以上问题。
胶体金技术是以胶体金作为示踪标志物应用于抗原抗体的一种新型的免疫标记技术。其优点是操作简便,不受时间、地点限制,灵敏度高,不需任何仪器设备。此项实用新型,具有重大的社会意义和较大的实用价值。
实用新型内容
本实用新型针对上述问题,提供了一种药物滥用六合一检测试剂卡,可以一步检测六种常见滥用药物。
为实现上述目的,本实用新型采用以下技术方案:
一种药物滥用六合一检测试剂卡,由检测卡壳和六种药物滥用胶体金检测试纸两部分组成。
检测卡壳又由卡身和卡帽组成,二者的连接方式为插接。卡身内部有六个凹槽用于放置胶体金试纸。卡身的正面有信息记录纸,用于标明试纸条的名称、检测说明及检测结果。
六种药物滥用胶体金检测试纸均由背衬、金结合垫、样品垫、硝酸纤维素膜、吸收垫五部分组成。吸收垫和样品垫分别位于背衬的两端,硝酸纤维素膜在背衬中部一端与吸收垫交叠连接在一起,另一端通过金结合垫与样品垫交叠在连接一起。硝酸纤维素膜上包被有检测线和控制线。
六种药物滥用胶体金检测试纸分别放入卡身内部六个凹槽当中,样品垫端暴露在卡身外面。当卡身和卡帽插接在一起时,样品垫端被封闭在卡帽之中。
本实用新型所用的胶体金检测试纸均为领用胶体金竞争检测原理制成,金结合垫为鼠源性抗滥用药物的单抗和胶体金的复合物,硝酸纤维素膜上检测线包被有滥用药物抗原,控制线上包被有羊抗鼠多克隆抗体。
当将样品垫端插入待测尿液中时,由于毛细管作用尿液向吸收垫端层析。如果待测尿液中含一定量以上的滥用药物时,样本到达金结合垫位置,和滥用药物单抗发生免疫反应并完全饱和之,再层析到硝酸纤维素膜的检测线时,由于滥用药物单抗胶体金复合物已无空余的位点和硝酸纤维素膜上的药物滥用抗原结合,故不显色,这样得到的是阳性结果。
当待测尿液中不含滥用药物时,样本与金结合垫不反应,再层析到硝酸纤维素膜时,固定在硝酸纤维素膜上的滥用药物会“捕捉”单抗胶体金复合物,故显色,得到阴性结果。
无论阴性还是阳性金结合垫上的滥用药物单抗都会与硝酸纤维素膜上控制线的羊抗鼠多克隆抗体发生反应显色,如果控制线不显色说明检测无效。
采用上述方案的滥用药物六合一检测试剂卡具有以下有益效果,即成本低、小巧方便、操作简单,无需专业人员即可检测,且可以一步同时检测六种滥用药物。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的主视图
图2是本实用新型的剖视图
图3药物滥用胶体金检测试纸的主视图
图4药物滥用胶体金检测试纸的剖视图
1.检测卡壳,2.卡身,3.卡帽,4.信息记录纸,5.检测说明,6.试纸说明,7.结果显示窗,8.药物滥用胶体金检测试纸,9.背衬,10.吸收垫,11.硝酸纤维素膜,12.金结合垫,13.样品垫,14.检测线,15.控制线,16.凹槽。
具体实施方式:
如图1和图2所示,本实用新型有检测卡壳1和药物滥用胶体金检测试纸8两部分组成。检测卡壳又包含卡身2和卡帽3两部分,二者连接方式为插接。在卡身内部有六个凹槽16,用于放置六种药物滥用胶体金检测试纸8.在凹槽16上方即卡身2的正面有信息记录纸4。信息记录纸4上有检测说明5、试纸说明6、结果显示窗7。检测说明5用于说明结果判读方法,试纸说明6用于说明检测试纸的种类,结果显示窗7则与凹槽16中药物滥用胶体金检测试纸8的硝酸纤维素膜11相对应。
如图3和图4所示,胶体金试纸由背衬9、吸收垫10、硝酸纤维素膜11、金结合垫12、样品垫13组成,吸收垫10和样品垫13分别位于背衬9的两端,硝酸纤维素膜11在背衬9中部一端与吸收垫10交叠连接在一起,另一端通过金结合垫12与样品垫13交叠在连接一起。硝酸纤维素膜11上包被有检测线14和控制线15。六种检测试纸的检测线分别为吗啡抗原、氯胺酮抗原、苯二氮卓抗原、巴比妥抗原、美沙酮抗原、丁丙诺啡抗原,控制线为羊抗鼠多克隆抗体。
Claims (3)
1.一种药物滥用六合一检测试剂卡,其特征是包含检测卡壳(1)和药物滥用胶体金检测试纸(8)两部分;检测卡壳(1)包括卡身(2)和卡帽(3)两部分,卡身(2)和卡帽(3)连接方式为插接;卡身(2)内部有六个凹槽(16)用于放置药物滥用胶体金检测试纸(8);卡身(2)正面有信息记录纸(4);信息记录纸(4)上有检测说明(5)、试纸说明(6)、结果显示窗(7);结果显示窗与凹槽(16)内的药物滥用胶体金检测试纸(8)上的硝酸纤维素膜(11)对应;药物滥用胶体金检测试纸(8)固定于卡身(2)内部的凹槽(16)内,由背衬(9)、吸收垫(10)、硝酸纤维素膜(11)、金结合垫(12)、样品垫(13)组成,吸收垫(10)和样品垫(13)分别位于背衬(9)的两端,硝酸纤维素膜(11)在背衬(9)中部,一端与吸收垫(10)交叠连接在一起,另一端通过金结合垫(12)与样品垫(13)交叠在连接一起。硝酸纤维素膜(11)上包被有检测线(14)和控制线(15)。
2.如权利要求1所述的药物滥用六合一检测试剂卡,特征在于六种药物滥用胶体金检测试纸(8)上的检测线(14)分别包被吗啡抗原、氯胺酮抗原、苯二氮卓抗原、巴比妥抗原、美沙酮抗原、丁丙诺啡抗原。
3.如权利要求2所述的药物滥用六合一检测试剂卡,特征在于金结合垫上标记的抗体为鼠源性。
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102879568A (zh) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-01-16 | 李彬 | 毒品四合一联合检测试卡 |
| CN102928593A (zh) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-02-13 | 北京宝瑞源科技孵化有限公司 | 丁丙诺啡检测试剂盒及其制备方法 |
| CN103439483A (zh) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 苏州凯恩医药科技有限公司 | 一种新型尿液试纸 |
| CN109959795A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-02 | 北京勤邦生物技术有限公司 | 一种矩阵型试纸条的开发和应用 |
| EP3408672A4 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2019-10-23 | Undercover Colors, Inc. | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING COMPOUNDS IN LIQUIDS |
| CN111443205A (zh) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-07-24 | 古镜科技(深圳)有限公司 | 一种精神类药品滥用五联检测试纸及其制备 |
| CN113466219A (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-10-01 | 苏州三六零机器人科技有限公司 | 违禁品检测装置 |
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- 2009-03-31 CN CN2009201482824U patent/CN201402263Y/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102879568A (zh) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-01-16 | 李彬 | 毒品四合一联合检测试卡 |
| CN102928593A (zh) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-02-13 | 北京宝瑞源科技孵化有限公司 | 丁丙诺啡检测试剂盒及其制备方法 |
| CN103439483A (zh) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 苏州凯恩医药科技有限公司 | 一种新型尿液试纸 |
| EP3408672A4 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2019-10-23 | Undercover Colors, Inc. | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING COMPOUNDS IN LIQUIDS |
| CN109959795A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-02 | 北京勤邦生物技术有限公司 | 一种矩阵型试纸条的开发和应用 |
| CN111443205A (zh) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-07-24 | 古镜科技(深圳)有限公司 | 一种精神类药品滥用五联检测试纸及其制备 |
| CN113466219A (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-10-01 | 苏州三六零机器人科技有限公司 | 违禁品检测装置 |
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