Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to exist system responses is slow, installed power is big problem to take into account the requirement of energy saving of system in work progress in order to overcome the shield cutter system, and a kind of big closed loop hydraulic energy-saving of shield cutter control system that adopts ganged accumulators is provided.
Adopt the shield cutter driving hydraulic energy-saving system of ganged accumulators variable pump control variables motor to comprise second motor, second shaft coupling, constant displacement pump, first motor, first shaft coupling, two-way variable displacement pump, the inlet port strainer, the oil-out strainer, the inlet filter of band oil news generating means, the oil-out strainer of band oil news generating means, two position three way directional control valve, proportional pressure control valve, first one way valve, second one way valve, the 3rd one way valve, low pressure accumulator, the high-low pressure accumulator, the two-position four-way cartridge valve, first safety valve, second safety valve, first pressure meter, second pressure meter, shuttle valve, fuel tank, the first separating valve piece, the second separating valve piece, the first variable displacement motor control module, the second variable displacement motor control module, the ternary motor control unit, n variable displacement motor control module; First motor is rigidly connected by first shaft coupling and two-way variable displacement pump, the inlet port of two-way variable displacement pump is communicated with the inlet port strainer of band oil news generating means, the oil-out of variable pump is connected with the oil-out strainer oil-in that has oil news generating means, oil-out strainer oil-out is connected with working connection, the oil-in of two-position four-way cartridge valve, second one way valve, the separating valve piece, first safety valve, one end, second safety valve, one end, first pressure meter, one end of shuttle valve is connected with working connection with an end of the first separating valve piece, second pressure meter, the first safety valve other end, the other end of second safety valve, one end of the other end of shuttle valve and the second separating valve piece is connected with main oil return line, and the A mouth of accumulator and two-position four-way cartridge valve links to each other; The B mouth of accumulator and two-position four-way cartridge valve links to each other, and the first separating valve piece is connected an end of the first variable displacement motor control module, an end of the second variable displacement motor control module, an end of ternary motor control unit, an end of n variable displacement motor control module respectively; The second separating valve piece is connected the other end of the first variable displacement motor control module, the other end of the second variable displacement motor control module, the other end of ternary motor control unit, the other end of n variable displacement motor control module respectively, constant displacement pump is rigidly connected by second shaft coupling and second motor, the inlet port of constant displacement pump is connected with the inlet port strainer, and the oil drain out of constant displacement pump is connected with two position three way directional control valve with the oil-out strainer respectively; The A of two position three way directional control valve valve, B hydraulic fluid port are connected with fuel tank with proportional pressure control valve respectively; Proportional pressure control valve oil-out and fuel tank are communicated with.
Described variable displacement motor control module comprises the 4th one way valve, double-action variable displacement motor, two-position three way cartridge valve, accumulator, two position two-way valve, choke valve, the oil-in of variable displacement motor with the B mouth of two-position three way cartridge valve connect, the oil-out of variable displacement motor connects with the A mouth of two-position three way cartridge valve, accumulator is connected with the P mouth of two-position three way cartridge valve through two position two-way valve, choke valve, the oil-out of double-action variable displacement motor is connected with the separating valve piece, one end of the 4th one way valve is connected with accumulator, and the other end of the 4th one way valve connects with the 3rd one way valve.
The utility model is compared with background technology, and the beneficial effect that has is:
1) hydraulic system adopts closed-loop system, so fluid circulates, needed fuel tank is less, and it is smaller to take up room simultaneously, and this has certain practical value for the shield driving of underground construction.
2) accumulator is controlled in groups, and centralized arrangement can be saved the space and is beneficial to centralized Control in the time of underground.
3) oil-out of accumulator can in time change direction by control two-position four-way cartridge valve according to the rotating of cutterhead, all the time can be connected with high-pressure side, accumulator can serve as the effect of supplementary energy in crucial moment, simultaneously can well absorbing vibration when running into impact load, reduce installed power
4) when pattern is switched, can serve as supplementary energy, accelerate the response of closed system, improve rapidity.
5) adopt the pump-control-motor form in the system, load-sensitive does not have restricting element simultaneously, and the energy transfer efficiency height has been avoided the energy loss in the throttle grverning system, has remarkable energy saving effect.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, adopt the shield cutter driving hydraulic energy-saving system of ganged accumulators variable pump control variables motor to comprise second motor 1, second shaft coupling 2, constant displacement pump 3, first motor 4, first shaft coupling 5, two-way variable displacement pump 6, inlet port strainer 7, oil-out strainer 8, the inlet filter 9 of band oil news generating means, the oil-out strainer 10 of band oil news generating means, two position three way directional control valve 11, proportional pressure control valve 12, first one way valve 13.1, second one way valve 13.2, the 3rd one way valve 13.3, low pressure accumulator 14, high-low pressure accumulator 15, two-position four-way cartridge valve 16, first safety valve 20.1, second safety valve 20.2, first pressure meter 21.1, second pressure meter 21.2, shuttle valve 22, fuel tank 23, the first separating valve piece 24, the second separating valve piece 25, the first variable displacement motor control module T1, the second variable displacement motor control module T2, ternary motor control unit T3, n variable displacement motor control module Tn; First motor 4 is rigidly connected with two-way variable displacement pump 6 by first shaft coupling 5, the inlet port of two-way variable displacement pump 6 is communicated with the inlet port strainer 9 of band oil news generating means, the oil-out of variable pump 6 is connected with oil-out strainer 10 oil-ins that have oil news generating means, oil-out strainer 10 oil-outs are connected with working connection, the oil-in of two-position four-way cartridge valve 16, second one way valve 13.2, separating valve piece 24, first safety valve, 20.1 one ends, second safety valve, 20.2 one ends, first pressure meter 21.1, one end of shuttle valve 22 is connected with working connection with an end of the first separating valve piece 24, second pressure meter 21.2, first safety valve, 20.1 other ends, the other end of second safety valve 20.2, one end of the other end of shuttle valve 22 and the second separating valve piece 24 is connected with main oil return line, and the A mouth of accumulator 14 and two-position four-way cartridge valve 16 links to each other; The B mouth of accumulator 15 and two-position four-way cartridge valve 16 links to each other, and the first separating valve piece 24 is connected the end of the first variable displacement motor control module T1, the end of the second variable displacement motor control module T2, the end of ternary motor control unit T3, the end of n variable displacement motor control module Tn respectively; The second separating valve piece 25 is connected the other end of the first variable displacement motor control module T1, the other end of the second variable displacement motor control module T2, the other end of ternary motor control unit T3, the other end of n variable displacement motor control module Tn respectively, constant displacement pump 3 is rigidly connected by second shaft coupling 2 and second motor 1, the inlet port of constant displacement pump 3 is connected with inlet port strainer 7, and the oil drain out of constant displacement pump 3 is connected with two position three way directional control valve 11 with oil-out strainer 8 respectively; The A of two position three way directional control valve valve 11, B hydraulic fluid port are connected with fuel tank 23 with proportional pressure control valve 12 respectively; Proportional pressure control valve 12 oil-outs and fuel tank 23 are communicated with.
As shown in Figure 2, the variable displacement motor control module comprises the 4th one way valve 13.4, double-action variable displacement motor 17, two-position three way cartridge valve 18, accumulator 19, two position two-way valve 26, choke valve 27, the oil-in of variable displacement motor 17 connects with the B mouth of two-position three way cartridge valve 18.1, the oil-out of variable displacement motor 17 connects with the A mouth of two-position three way cartridge valve 18.1, accumulator 19 is through two position two-way valve 26, choke valve 27 is connected with the P mouth of two-position three way cartridge valve 18, the oil-out of double-action variable displacement motor 17 is connected with separating valve piece 25, one end of the 4th one way valve 13.4 is connected with accumulator 19, and the other end of the 4th one way valve 13.4 connects with the 3rd one way valve 13.3.
Operating principle of the present utility model is as follows:
First motor gets electric startup, the driving two-way variable displacement pump rotates, the oil suction from fuel tank of the inlet port of variable pump, the pressure oil that variable pump is discharged is delivered in the constant voltage pipeline by the oil-out strainer, the oil inlet P that some fluid of while enters first safety valve, second safety valve, shuttle valve and two-position four-way cartridge valve respectively.Shuttle valve is the hydraulic oil at variable pump two ends to be incorporated into variable pump control mouth control discharge capacity, first safety valve, second safety valve are to be used for guaranteeing that hydraulic oil mobile the time, guarantees that the cutterhead system pressure limits the highest pressure when too high and enters low oil pressure end from the hydraulic oil end forward and reverse.Constant Pump System mainly is to compensate leakage in order in time to replenish fluid in system.Proportional pressure control valve is used for guaranteeing the step-less adjustment of pressure, and the oil liquid pressure homologous ray that makes constant displacement pump provide is consistent.First one way valve is to be back to constant displacement pump and the filter core that breaks through strainer for fear of fluid; Second one way valve, the 3rd one way valve mainly are that the fluid in the accumulator is back to variable pump and breaks through the filter core of strainer.Cutterhead variable displacement motor control system is divided into the group into n, and circumference is symmetrically distributed, and every group by variable displacement motor, the 4th one way valve, two position two-way valve, choke valve, accumulator, two-position three way cartridge valve composition.Add accumulator in the variable displacement motor control module in order to absorb pulsation, in order to get rid of poverty, play the purpose that the accessory system pattern is switched fast as supplementary energy.Constant Pump System comes in time to leak and satisfy with compensation to system's repairing the requirement of accumulator according to the requirement of system.Output speed can be controlled by changing variable displacement motor and variable pump delivery, and system pressure decides according to load.Because the control mode of n group variable displacement motor is identical, is that example illustrates its operating principle at this with first group.
Because the work geological environment of shield structure is complicated and changeable, so we are respectively with sandy stratum, cohesive soil, compound geological conditions such as ground consisting of hard rock get off to analyze this system principle.
Second electric motor starting at first, driving constant displacement pump by second shaft coupling starts, thereby the oil-out of constant displacement pump enters closed oil circuit by the oil-out strainer and leaks with compensation to the closed oil circuit fuel feeding, a part is to the accumulator fuel feeding simultaneously, the size of pressure meter with timely observed pressure value is installed in the accumulator, the 4th one way valve is that the fluid in the accumulator is back in the constant displacement pump, two position two-way valve can get electric and dead electricity and guarantees that constant displacement pump is separately to the accumulator fuel feeding by controlling it, two position three way directional control valve connects fuel tank and proportional pressure control valve respectively, when two position three way directional control valve gets electric the time, it is operated in right position, at this time constant displacement pump off-load, be that system is not when needing repairing, to reduce the heat producing losses of system.The pressure passing ratio overflow valve of the constant displacement pump port of export is determined in the time of the two position three-way valve dead electricity, and this proportional pressure control valve comes the automatic setting oil pressure relief according to the requirement of system.
When two-way variable displacement pump just changes, fluid flows clockwise, two-position four-way valve in the two-position four-way cartridge valve is operated in position, a left side under the effect of spring force, at this time the high-pressure side in the system is connected with high pressure accumulator, the inlet port of variable pump connects with low pressure accumulator, these two accumulators adopt bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator, and volume is less, mainly are the impact endurance test shocks that absorbs in each sealing cavity volume.When pump reverses, be cutterhead counter-rotating time, the oil suction district of variable pump and oil extraction district exchange, and the electromagnet of the two-position four-way valve in the two-position three way cartridge valve gets and electricly overcomes spring force and be operated in right position, the oil suction district of variable pump is connected with low pressure accumulator, and the oil extraction district is connected with high pressure accumulator.
When shield machine was worked on sandy stratum, first motor drove two-way variable displacement pump by first shaft coupling and moves clockwise, and variable displacement motor also is operated in clockwise motion, and at this time shield cutter is just turning to preceding motion.Lower owing to water content in sandy stratum, so its soil property viscosity ratio is lower, it is bigger to the surrounding soil disturbance to move simultaneously, the suffered torque ratio of cutterhead is lower under this operating mode, rotating speed is medium simultaneously, at this time control rotating speed by the discharge capacity of control variables pump and double-action variable displacement motor, at this moment cutterhead clockwise rotates, two-position four-way valve is operated in position, a left side in the two-position three way cartridge valve under the effect of spring force, two position two-way valve gets, at this time accumulator through two position two-way valve with link to each other with the oil-feed district of variable displacement motor after choke valve is connected, play the effect of absorbing vibration, when rotary speed direction changes, two-position four-way valve in the two-position three way cartridge valve gets, make two-position four-way valve be operated in right position, make accumulator still link to each other with the oil-in of variable displacement motor, therefore the two-position four-way valve that can control in the two-position three way cartridge valve links to each other accumulator all the time with the oil-in of variable displacement motor.
When will knowing in advance when entering the hard rock district, the two position two-way valve dead electricity, constant displacement pump is in advance to the accumulator fuel feeding, pressurize when pressure reaches certain value.When entering the hard rock district, rotating speed improves, and forward displacement reduces, and moment of torsion reduces, because the volumetric speed control reaction is slow and hysteresis is more serious, at this time, make it electricly by regulating two position two-way valve, at this time accumulator begins to the variable displacement motor fuel feeding, serve as supplementary energy, when the variable pump variable displacement motor does not respond preceding or does not switch to perfect condition, provide supplementary energy to it earlier, increase flow and auxiliary force, at this time speed increases, help system improves switch speed as soon as possible, and at this moment choke valve waits the effect of serving as the liquid resistance, makes change procedure more steady, avoid impacting, thereby improve response, after variable pump and motor were adjusted, this was in stable condition.
Simultaneously when cutterhead was stranded, traditional cutterhead all adopted the Power Limitation valve, avoided power to raise, and improve thereby limited the progressive of power, but we can adopt with accumulator and assist the cutterhead system to get rid of poverty as the method for supplementary energy.By fuel feeding in accumulator, when cutterhead is stranded, two position two-way valve gets, accumulator promotes the variable displacement motor running by two position two-way valve, choke valve, improved input power to a certain extent, improved rotating speed and pressure, accessory system is got rid of poverty, but do not increase the installed power of system, reacted energy-conservation thought to a certain extent.
When shield cutter is operated in argillic horizon, the work characteristics on this stratum is that rotating speed is lower, moment of torsion is bigger, and the rotation of cutterhead is bigger to the surrounding soil disturbance, when when hard rock work forwards argillic horizon work to, reduce the rotating speed of cutterhead, but consider that the pump-control-motor volumetric speed control exists the certain hysteresis quality and the shortcoming of low-response, we propose a kind of new approaches.In order to reduce rotating speed, improve the rapidity of response, can be used as complemental brake system to accumulator, promote the rotating speed of motor to reduce, then the discharge capacity by variable pump and variable displacement motor changes and comes speed change again.Promptly when cutterhead was just changeing, when fluid flowed clockwise, the two-position four-way valve in the two-position three way cartridge valve got electric, and accumulator links to each other with the oil extraction district of variable displacement motor through two position two-way valve and choke valve at last.Choke valve is serving as the effect of liquid resistance here, regime flow relaxes and impacts, avoid flow attack big, at this time accumulator is to variable displacement motor oil extraction district fuel feeding, play braking action, hindered the variable displacement motor rotation, the auxiliary effect of playing reduction of speed, the discharge capacity of regulated variable pump and variable displacement motor changes flow and rotating speed simultaneously, after rotating speed and pressure recovery normally, two-position four-way valve dead electricity in the two-position three way cartridge valve, under the effect of spring, be operated in position, a left side, make the oil-feed district of accumulator and variable displacement motor link to each other, same, when the cutterhead rotary speed direction changes, make the outlet of accumulator link to each other with the oil-in of variable displacement motor all the time by the two-position four-way valve of adjusting in the two-position three way cartridge valve.
The effect of shuttle valve mainly is for the hydraulic oil that extracts in-line and oil return line comes the regulated variable pump delivery, realizes the control of load-sensitive and constant voltage.Second one way valve and the 3rd one way valve play and prevent that fluid from flowing backwards and play the anti-empty effect of inhaling simultaneously.