CN201368768Y - Device for measuring air ultraviolet radiation flux - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an optical radiation energy measurement technology, in particular to an atmospheric ultraviolet radiation flux measurement device. The device is composed of a radiation receiving probe, two convex lenses, an optical fiber bundle, a spectrometer, a photodetector, a data acquisition and control module, and a microcomputer system. The atmospheric ultraviolet measuring device of the utility model adopts the grating spectroscopic principle and utilizes a photomultiplier tube or a linear array CCD to realize the measurement of ultraviolet radiation. The utility model overcomes the deficiency of measuring ultraviolet radiation by thermal effect, not only can give the ultraviolet radiation flux of each band of UV-B and UV-A, but also can give the wavelength distribution of ultraviolet radiation in these two bands and the distribution of ultraviolet radiation. Full spectrum measurement results. The utility model uses optical fiber to transmit light beams, only the radiation receiving probe part is outdoors, and the measuring device can be placed in an air-conditioned room, so the influence of the change of the ambient temperature on the measurement can be ignored.

Description

The atmosphere ultraviolet radiation flux measuring device

One, technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of optical radiation energy meter technology, is a kind of measurement mechanism of ultraviolet band radiation flux specifically, is mainly used in the radiation intensity of monitoring solar radiation middle-ultraviolet lamp.

Two, background technology

UV radiation in the atmosphere more and more is subjected to concern widely mainly from solar radiation to its importance of monitoring, estimates the degree that atmospheric environment changes and pollutes by the UV radiation of measuring in the atmosphere.Have multiple UV radiation measuring method both at home and abroad, American-European countries has also successively set up monitoring net, has obtained rich data.China still is in the starting stage to the measurement of atmosphere ultraviolet radiation, and main instruments equipment also is external import.The UV radiation of solar radiation has only the part in 280～400nm spectral range can arrive ground, generally it is divided into UV-B (280～320nm) and UV-A (320～400nm).Because the full spectra measurement to UV radiation has little significance, therefore, the method of utilizing the thermal effect of UV radiation to measure UV radiation is not used substantially, but utilizes ultraviolet light ionisation effect, photoelectric effect and camera photosensitive effect to realize measurement to UV radiation.Using widely at present, instrument mainly contains: Robertson-Berger UV radiation instrument and Eppley near ultraviolet radiation table.

Three, summary of the invention

The device that the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of long-term reliability height, can accurately measures atmosphere ultraviolet radiation flux or intensity.

The purpose of this utility model realizes by following technology case:

A kind of UV radiation flux measuring device, it comprises the atmosphere radiation receiving transducer, this device also comprises:

First convex lens, fibre bundle, second convex lens, spectrometer, photodetector, data acquisition and control module and microcomputer system; Wherein first convex lens are placed in the mirror bucket, and the fibre bundle front end is assemblied in mirror bucket bottom center position, and second convex lens are placed at fibre bundle rear end face rear, and spectrometer is put at the second convex lens rear; The rounded distribution of front end face optical fiber of described fibre bundle, rear end face optical fiber linearly distributes; The fibre bundle front end face is positioned at the focus place of first convex lens, the fibre bundle rear end face is positioned at the object plane of second convex lens, being positioned on the spectrometer entrance slit face of second convex lens as the plane, the exit facet of corresponding spectrometer is provided with photodetector, this photodetector is connected with control module with data acquisition, and data acquisition links to each other with microcomputer system with control module.

First, second convex lens preferably adopt the fused quartz convex lens, and it has humidity, corrosion resistant characteristics.Photodetector is CCD device or photomultiplier.The CCD device adopts line array CCD.Photodetector is a photomultiplier, and correspondingly spectrometer is provided with the scanning monitor that the control grating rotates, and the control end of scanning monitor links to each other with microcomputer system.

The design of the fibre bundle both ends of the surface that this is practical is more ingenious, the rounded distribution of its front end face, and rear end face linearly distributes, the setting of warp and first convex lens and the second convex lens position.Front end face has guaranteed to drop in the range of receiving of fibre bundle by the hot spot of the light signal of first convex lens, and rear end face has guaranteed that light signal that fibre bundle is sent all sends into the entrance slit face of wave detector behind second convex lens.Thereby guaranteed effective transmission of light signal.

Principle of work of the present utility model:

The radiation that first convex lens in the utility model on the receiving transducer will receive from atmosphere, can adopt the solar radiation angle tracking unit to follow the tracks of sun altitude in the receiving course, the radiation that receives collects on the fibre bundle end face of circular distribution, fibre bundle is sent to another straight line distribution end with optical radiation and is yi word pattern output, be imaged on through second convex lens on the entrance slit face of spectrometer, spectrometer launches incident beam and exports on the line array CCD optical wavelength difference that the pixel element of CCD linear array diverse location receives to by wavelength.Charge Q on each pixel _PBe directly proportional with projecting this pixel glazing intensity I (λ), charge signal be converted to voltage signal U (λ), can be the relationship expression of light intensity on a certain pixel and voltage through testing circuit:

I(λ)＝κ(λ)U(λ) (1)

The light intensity addition that each pixel is received promptly gets total UV radiation intensity I that the CCD linear array receives.

$I=\underset{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i=280\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{400\mathrm{nm}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}I\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)=\underset{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i=280\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{320\mathrm{nm}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}I\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)+\underset{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i=320\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{400\mathrm{nm}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}I\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)---\left(2\right)$

$=\underset{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i=280\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{320\mathrm{nm}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{\κ}\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)U\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)+\underset{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i=320\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{400\mathrm{nm}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{\κ}\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)U\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)$

Consider that the UV radiation of different wave length incides the transmitance τ (λ on line array CCD pixel surface by receiving transducer, convergent lens (first convex lens), optical fiber and imaging len (second convex lens) and spectrometer system _i) difference, total UV radiation intensity I to be measured _TFor:

$I_T=\underset{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i=280\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{400\mathrm{nm}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{1}{\mathrm{\τ}\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)}\mathrm{\κ}\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)U\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)=\underset{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i=280\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{320\mathrm{nm}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{1}{\mathrm{\τ}\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)}\mathrm{\κ}\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)U\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)+\underset{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i=320\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{400\mathrm{nm}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{1}{\mathrm{\τ}\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)}\mathrm{\κ}\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)U\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_i\right)---\left(3\right)$

With the voltage signal values of each pixel correspondence of calculating machine-readable fetch data collection and control module acquisition, calculate the UV radiation intensity of total UV radiation intensity to be measured and UV-B and UV-A wave band by (3) formula.

When using the spectroradio of photomultiplier receiving spectrum instrument output, the grating of spectrometer is rotating grating under the control of computing machine, the light signal that photomultiplier receives promptly is the result of spectral scan, the strength of current i (λ) of photomultiplier output is directly proportional with the spectral intensity that photomultiplier receives, and can be expressed as:

i(λ)＝η(λ)I(λ) (4)

Or (λ) i (λ) (5) of I (λ)=κ '

UV radiation intensity to be measured be in the wavelength region may considered spectral radiance to the integration of wavelength.The influence of same consideration light path transmitance, total UV radiation intensity to be measured can be expressed as:

$I_T=\underset{280\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{400\mathrm{nm}}{\∫}}\frac{1}{\mathrm{\τ}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)}{\mathrm{\κ}}^{\′}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)i\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}=\underset{280\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{320\mathrm{nm}}{\∫}}\frac{1}{\mathrm{\τ}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)}{\mathrm{\κ}}^{\′}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)i\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}+\underset{320\mathrm{nm}}{\overset{400\mathrm{nm}}{\∫}}\frac{1}{\mathrm{\τ}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)}{\mathrm{\κ}}^{\′}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)i\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}---\left(6\right)$

Gather and the current signal value of each wavelength correspondence that control module obtains by the computing machine reading of data, (6) formula of pressing calculates the UV radiation intensity of total UV radiation intensity to be measured and UV-B and UV-A wave band.

The utility model has following advantage compared to existing technology:

Atmosphere ultraviolet radiation flux measuring device of the present utility model adopts the grating beam splitting principle, utilize photomultiplier or line array CCD to realize measurement to UV radiation.Having overcome prior art utilizes thermal effect to measure the deficiency of UV radiation, the utility model not only can provide the UV radiation flux of UV-B and each wave band of UV-A, can also provide the Wavelength distribution of UV radiation in these two wave bands and the full spectra measurement result of UV radiation.Compare with the optical filter mode, measurement result of the present utility model provides abundant information, more helps estimating the degree that atmospheric environment changes and pollutes.

The design of the front and rear end of fibre bundle of the present utility model helps or has guaranteed effective transmission of light signal.

The utility model has used the fiber optic conduction light beam, thereby the radiation receiving transducer in the entire measuring device partly can be placed outdoorly, and the other parts of device place air-conditioned indoor, and therefore, the variation of environment temperature can be disregarded the influence of measuring.

Four, description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment one.

Fig. 2 is the distributional pattern synoptic diagram of fibre bundle front/rear end optical fiber.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment two.

Among the figure: the 1-atmosphere radiation; The 2-receiving transducer; The 3-first fused quartz convex lens; The 4-fibre bundle; 5-yi word pattern fiber-optic output; The 6-second fused quartz convex lens; The 7-input slit; The 8-spectrometer; 9-CCD device or photomultiplier; 10-data acquisition and control module; The 11-microcomputer system; 12-fibre bundle front end face, 13-fibre bundle rear end face; The 14-high-voltage power supply; The 15-scanning monitor.

Five, specific embodiment

Embodiment one

Data acquisition links to each other with the sensing circuit of CCD device or the signal processing circuit of photomultiplier with control module.

As shown in Figure 1, UV radiation flux measuring device of the present utility model is made up of receiving transducer 2, the first fused quartz convex lens 3, fibre bundle 4, the second fused quartz convex lens 6, spectrometer 8, CCD device 9, data acquisition and control module 10, microcomputer system 11.First, second fused quartz convex lens 6 are made by fused quartz, and CCD device 9 adopts line array CCDs.Receiving transducer 2 is made of metal lens barrel and fibre bundle 4 positioning bases, and the first fused quartz convex lens 3 are installed in the metal lens barrel.The rounded distribution of front end face optical fiber of fibre bundle 4, rear end face optical fiber linearly type one word distributes, (distributional pattern of fibre bundle front and rear end optical fiber as shown in Figure 2, the front and rear end promptly refers to the both ends of fibre bundle) circular distribution end is fixed on the positioning base middle position of receiving transducer 3.Fibre bundle 4 front end faces are positioned at the focus place of first convex lens 3, guarantee that light beam drops in the round fiber bundle incident end face 12 through converging hot spot behind the first fused quartz convex lens 3.Fibre bundle rear end face 13 places on the object plane of the second fused quartz convex lens 6, light beam is by 5 outputs of yi word pattern fiber-optic output, it is imaged on spectrometer 8 input slits 7 places with the light beam of fibre bundle 4 outputs, because on this entrance slit face of picture plane of the second fused quartz convex lens 6.The light path of spectrometer 8 is the C-T form, adopt grating beam splitting, the delivery outlet of spectrometer 8 (output slit place) is put a line array CCD, be imaged on the line array CCD through the bands of a spectrum behind the grating beam splitting, line array CCD is provided with driving circuit, data acquisition and control module 10 read corresponding signal, handle obtaining test result through microcomputer system 11 according to (3) formula.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 3, UV radiation flux measuring device of the present utility model is made up of receiving transducer 2, fibre bundle 4, the first fused quartz convex lens 3, fibre bundle 4, the second fused quartz convex lens 6, spectrometer 8, photomultiplier 9, data acquisition and control module 10, microcomputer system 11.Receiving transducer 2 is made of metal lens barrel and fibre bundle 4 positioning bases, and the first fused quartz convex lens 3 are installed in the metal cylinder; The rounded distribution of fibre bundle 4 front end fiber facet, rear end face optical fiber linearly type one word distributes, the circular distribution end is fixed on the receiving transducer 2, fibre bundle front end face 12 places on the focal plane of the first fused quartz convex lens 3, has guaranteed that light beam sees through to converge hot spot in round fiber end face 12 behind the lens 3.

Fibre bundle rear end face 14 yi word pattern end output beams through the second fused quartz convex lens, 6 output beams, are imaged on spectrometer 8 input slits 7 places; The light path of spectrometer 8 is the C-T form, adopt grating beam splitting, the output slit of spectrometer 8 is disposed a photomultiplier 9, photomultiplier 9 provides operating voltage by high-voltage power supply 14, be transmitted to the receive window of photomultiplier 9 through output slit through the light signal behind the grating beam splitting, and by scanning monitor 15 control grating rotating, output beam is scanned, the signal processing circuit of photomultiplier 9 is handled light signal, reading corresponding signal and sending into microcomputer system 11 by data acquisition and control module 10.Wherein photomultiplier 9 is by high-voltage power supply 14 power supplies; Spectrometer 8 is rotated by scanning monitor 15 control gratings, and the duty of scanning monitor 15 is controlled by microcomputer system 11.Microcomputer system 11 is handled according to (6) formula and is obtained test result.

Above example one, example two all will be with the spectral photometry of standard ultraviolet source by the transmission coefficient of receiving transducer to spectrometer output place spectral radiance, i.e. radiation transmitance spectrum distribution coefficient τ (λ).

Claims (5)

1, a kind of ultraviolet radiation flux measuring device, it comprises atmospheric radiation receiving probe, is characterized in that: The device also includes a first convex lens, an optical fiber bundle, a second convex lens, a spectrometer, a photodetector, a data acquisition and control module, and a microcomputer system; wherein the first convex lens is placed in the mirror barrel, and the front end of the fiber bundle is assembled in the center of the bottom of the mirror barrel position, the second convex lens is placed behind the rear end face of the optical fiber bundle, and the spectrometer is placed behind the second convex lens; the optical fibers on the front face of the optical fiber bundle are distributed circularly, and the optical fibers on the rear end face are distributed in a straight line; the front end face of the optical fiber bundle is located at the focal point of the first convex lens , the rear end surface of the fiber bundle is located on the object plane of the second convex lens, the image plane of the second convex lens is located on the incident slit surface of the spectrometer, and a photodetector is arranged on the exit surface of the spectrometer correspondingly, and the photodetector is connected with the data acquisition and control module , the data acquisition and control module is connected with the microcomputer system. 2. The ultraviolet radiation flux measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: both the first and second convex lenses are fused silica convex lenses. 3. The ultraviolet radiation flux measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said photodetector is a CCD device or a photomultiplier tube. 4. The ultraviolet radiation flux measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the CCD device is a linear array CCD. 5. The ultraviolet radiation flux measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: said photodetector is a photomultiplier tube, correspondingly, the spectrometer is provided with a scanning controller for controlling the rotation of the grating, and the control terminal of the scanning controller Connected with microcomputer system.

Images