CN201342273Y - Head for subpressure filtration and automatic back-washing in water intake project of arenose surface water source - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a negative pressure filtration and automatic backwashing head of a sandy surface water intake project, which is mainly composed of an artificial filter tank at the bottom of a sandy river, a water filter pipe, a water outlet pipe, a backwashing pipe, a pump, an adjustable tailgate weir and Valve composition. The artificial filter tank divides the bottom of the river into multiple tanks, each tank is equipped with an artificial filter layer, and a tubular wire-wrapped filter is buried at the bottom, the middle part of which is connected to the outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe, backwash pipe, pump and valve form a water outlet And backwashing loop system, negative pressure filtration and automatic backwashing can be realized by adjusting the valve. The downstream end of each tank is equipped with an adjustable tailgate weir, and adjusting its height can effectively prevent the loss of filter material during backwashing. The sandy water is pumped through the filter layer to filter and purify. When the filter layer reaches the filtration cycle, the valve is adjusted to backwash the filter layer with clean water filtered in the adjacent filter tube, and the backwashed silt flows downstream through the upper water layer. Realize automatic backwashing and dredging. The utility model is suitable for the head of a water intake project of a sandy surface water source.

Description

Negative pressure filtration and automatic backwash head of sandy surface water intake project

Technical field

The utility model relates to a negative pressure filtration and automatic backwashing head of a sandy surface water intake project, in particular to a water supply engineering head suitable for taking surface water by percolation in a sandy river course, and belongs to the field of water supply engineering.

Background technique

The water source of the water supply project mainly comes from surface water and groundwater. Since the exploitation of groundwater is restricted by factors such as local economy, geological structure, and excessive fluorine and arsenic in water quality, surface water is currently the main source of drinking water, and sandy rivers are used. The water intake head of the human drinking project with surface water as the water source mainly includes the joint-built bank type, the joint-built river center type, the direct suction type, the water diversion and lifting type of the diversion channel behind the sluice, the water diversion and lifting type of the pre-sedimentation tank behind the sluice, the low dam type and the seepage Infiltration water intake is a technology that uses the purification effect of natural river bed sand and gravel layers to directly obtain good water quality water sources. This process can directly purify sandy river water, and has the advantages of simple process, less land occupation, and easy operation. Compared with the conventional water treatment process, it does not need to add chemicals, it is easy to apply, and the cost of water purification is greatly reduced. Compared with the traditional riverside water intake technology, it has the advantages of large water intake and less land occupation. It has been greatly developed in recent years. However, many problems were quickly exposed and raised during the construction and operation of the infiltration water intake project, mainly focusing on how to prevent and effectively solve the impact of the filter bed silting problem on the water output attenuation, which is related to the service life of the infiltration water intake project, and is also the It is an urgent research and solution problem in the development of water filtration technology.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problem of insufficient water intake caused by the blockage caused by the infiltration process of the existing sandy water source, the utility model provides a negative pressure filtration and automatic backwashing head of the water intake project of the sandy surface water source. The head can not only effectively restrain The silting caused by the sandy surface water source on the filter layer limits the service life of the water intake project, and it can also automatically remove the backwashed silt by using the scouring effect of the surface water, and realize the automatic renewal of the filter layer.

The utility model is arranged at the bottom of the sandy river channel, and is mainly composed of an artificial filter tank excavated below the bottom of the sandy river channel, a water filter pipe, a water outlet pipe, a backwash pipe, a pump, an adjustable tail gate weir and a valve. In the upper reaches of the river channel, the water flow velocity is relatively large and the terrain is flat and open. The artificial filter tank excavated along the water flow direction below the bottom of the sandy river channel is artificially divided into multiple tanks. The bottom of the river bed is flush, the upper end of the wall of each tank along the water flow direction and the upper end of the middle partition wall are higher than the bottom of the river bed by a certain height, and an adjustable tail gate weir is installed at the downstream end of the water flow of each tank, and artificial filter materials are set in each tank. In the material layer, a tubular wire-wound filter is buried at the bottom of the filter material layer. One end of the outlet pipe is connected to the middle of the tubular wire-wrapped filter, the other end is connected to the water inlet pipe of the pump, and one end of the backwashing pipe is connected to the pipe. The outlet pipe between the type wrapped wire filter and the pump is connected, and the other end is connected to the outlet pipe of the pump. An outlet valve is installed on the outlet pipe between the backwash pipe and the pump, and a backwash valve is installed on the backwash pipe. There is a main water outlet valve on the water outlet pipe other than the pump and backwash pipe, and valves and pressure gauges are installed on the water outlet pipe, backwash pipe, and water outlet pipe after the pump. The pump, water outlet pipe, backwash pipe and The valves form a loop system of water outlet and backwashing. By adjusting the valves, negative pressure filtration and automatic backwashing can be realized.

When the sandy surface water flows through the head of the utility model, under the action of pumping water, a negative pressure is formed in the filter layer, the impurities in the water are intercepted in the filter layer, and the surface water is filtered through the filter layer into the outlet pipe and pumped into the filter layer. Subsequent processing in the structure. The impurities trapped in the filter layer will affect the treated water output of the filter layer, which directly reflects the change of the pressure gauge on the outlet pipe. When the pressure gauge of a certain filter tank changes to a predetermined value, it means that the filter tank has reached the filtration period. At this time, you only need to close the valve of the outlet pipe, open the valve on the backwash pipe, and the pump will backwash the filtered water from other filter tanks through the backwash pipe to backwash the filter tank, and the impurities in the filter tank will be backwashed down. It is washed by the water flow in the upper channel and carried to the downstream to realize the automatic dredging of the filter tank. When the filter tank is backwashed, the filter layer will expand. In order to prevent the upper filter material from being washed away by the upper river water, the utility model is equipped with an adjustable tailgate weir on the downstream tank wall of each filter tank in the water flow direction. The adjustment height of the tail gate weir can be determined according to the expansion thickness of the filter material in the filter tank. When the filter tank is backwashed, the height of the tail gate weir is slightly higher than the expansion thickness of the filter tank. The water enters the upper water flow and is taken away, while the filter material is blocked by the tailgate weir and cannot be washed away. After the backwash is completed, the filter material settles back to the filter tank, and then the tailgate weir is opened to restore the filter tank to its work Function.

The utility model is that the artificial filter tank excavated below the bottom of the sandy river is divided into multiple tanks manually. When the number of tanks is not less than two, it can be composed of pumps, water outlet pipes, backwash pipes and valves. The flushing circuit system can realize negative pressure filtration and automatic backwashing by adjusting the valve.

Adopting the present invention has the following advantages: ① simple structure, small footprint, low cost and easy construction. The head is arranged in a sandy river channel, and only needs to be constructed and arranged in a certain section of the river channel. Compared with the head of a conventional sandy water intake project, structures such as sediment pre-sedimentation tanks, sedimentation tanks, or clarification tanks can be omitted. Low cost, saving land, relatively simple structure, easy to build, and can save the cost of sediment removal and transportation; ②It can perform backwashing by itself. The opening and closing of the flushing valve backwashes the filter layer, and at the same time the impurities are taken away, which can prevent the failure of the filter layer caused by the blockage of the filter material in the process of infiltration water intake. At the same time, there is no waste of dredging and backwashing water; ③Drainage and filtration are synchronized, and clearing and muddy are separated. Since the head is placed in the upper part of the river with water flow, the sediment trapped inside the filter material and on the surface of the filter layer will be taken away by the water flowing through the upper part during the backwashing process, and the filtration and sand discharge are carried out simultaneously. Clean water and backwash water are delivered separately without interfering with each other. ④Low energy consumption. When the filter layer of the utility model recovers its working performance after backwashing, the valve can be adjusted to achieve no pumping, and only the percolation method can be used to achieve water discharge, and only energy consumption is generated by pumping during backwashing. At the same time, the utility model saves the waste of dredging and backwashing water, and also reduces energy consumption.

In addition, in order to prevent the filter tubes from reaching the filtration cycle at the same time during the operation and being unable to backwash and fail to work normally, some filter tubes can be closed before starting operation, and then opened during backwashing to make the filter tubes staggered. The time reaches the filter cycle.

In addition, in the specific operation process, the valve can choose a solenoid valve, and the pressure sensor on the pipeline controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve to realize automatic control.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that it can effectively restrain the silting caused by the sandy surface water source to the filter layer, thus limiting the service life of the water intake project, and can also realize the automatic removal of backwashed silt by the scouring action of the surface water, realizing Automatic update of filter layers.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the utility model is further described.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the planar layout of the negative pressure filtration and automatic backwashing head of the sandy surface water intake project.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B.

In the figure: 1. 1 tube of tubular wire-wrapped filter tube; 2. Backwash partition wall; 3. 2 tubes of tubular-type wrapped wire filter tube; 4. Front wall of the filter tank (upper end is flush with the bottom of the river bed); The back wall of the tank (the upper end is flush with the bottom of the river bed); 6. Tubular wire-wrapped filter tube 1 pipe outlet valve; 7. Vacuum pressure gauge 1 gauge; 8. Tubular wire-wrapped filter tube 1 tube backwash valve; 9. Vacuum 2 gauges of pressure gauge; 10. Main outlet valve; 11. Clear water channel after filtration; 12. 2 outlet valves of tubular wire-wrapped filter tube; 13. 3 gauges of vacuum pressure gauge; 14. Water pump; 15. Tubular wire-wrapped filter Pipe 2 pipe backwash valve; 16. Vacuum pressure gauge 4 gauges; 17. Outlet main valve pressure gauge; 18. Right angle triangle water measuring weir; 19. Artificial filter material; 20. River bed bottom; 21. River embankment; 22. River bank ; 23. The outlet pipe of the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 1 (the acef pipe section in the figure); 24. The outlet pipe of the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 2 (the bdhi pipe section in the figure); 25. The tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 1 Adjustable tail gate weir for tube filter tank; 26. Backwash pipe for 1 tube of tubular silk-wrapped filter tube (kjf section in the figure); 27. Backwash tube for 2 tubes of tubular silk-wrapped filter tube (kli section in the picture) ; 28. Surface water from the river; 29. Tubular wire-wrapped filter pipe with 2 filter tanks and adjustable tailgate weir

Detailed ways

The working principle of the negative pressure filtration and automatic backwashing head of the sandy surface water intake project is shown in Figure 1. The water output form is divided into two types: pump water and seepage water.

For the working process of pumping out water: when the sandy river channel surface water incoming water (28) flows through the utility model along the river course, part of the sandy water enters the filter material area artificially set, and is filtered by the filter material layer (19) function, the clean water seeps down into the tubular silk-wrapped filter tubes (1), (3), and under the action of the pump, the clean water passes through the water outlet pipe (23) and the water outlet valve (6), the water outlet pipe (24) and the water outlet valve ( 12), the pump (14) and the main water outlet valve (10) merge into the clear water channel (11) after filtration to realize pumping negative pressure percolation water outlet. When the impurities in the filter material layer (19) gradually increase, the filter layer is blocked, the water output gradually decreases, and the pressure in the pipe gradually decreases. When the vacuum pressure gauges (7), (13) show that the pressure drops to a predetermined value, it means that the filter The layer has been clogged, and backwashing needs to be started at this time.

For the working process of seepage and effluent: when the sandy river surface water (28) flows through the utility model along the river course, part of the sandy water enters the filter material area artificially set, and is filtered by the filter material layer (19) , the clean water seeps down into the tubular silk-wrapped filter tubes (1), (3), and the clean water flows through the outlet pipe (23) and the backwash pipe (26), the outlet pipe (24) and the backwash pipe (27) respectively And the water outlet main valve (10), imports in the clear water channel (11) after filtering, realizes pumping without pump seepage and flows out water. When the impurities in the filter material layer (19) gradually increase, the filter layer is blocked, the water output gradually decreases, and the pressure in the pipe gradually decreases. When the vacuum pressure gauges (9), (16) show that the pressure drops to a predetermined value, it means that the filter The layer has been clogged, and backwashing needs to be started at this time.

The process of backwashing is illustrated by using the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 1 (1) in Fig. 1 as an example. If the filter layer in the tank where the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 1 (1) is located needs to be recoiled, it is only necessary to close the outlet valve (6) of the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 1 and the valves of the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 2 Backwash valve (15) and main water outlet valve (10), open the backwash valve (8) of tube 1 tube of tubular silk wrapping filter tube and the water outlet valve (12) of tube 2 tube of tubular wrapping silk filter tube, close the tube type wrapping silk filter tube The adjustable tailgate weir (25) at the downstream end of the filter tank where the silk filter tube 1 is located, the water pump (14) is turned on, and the filtered clean water of the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 2 (3) is pumped to the tubular silk-wrapped filter In the filter layer of the filter tank where the tube 1 tube (1) is located, backwashing begins, and the filter material layer is washed and swells, but due to the obstruction of the adjustable tailgate weir (25) of the tube-type silk-wrapped filter tube 1 tube filter tank, the filter The material is intercepted in the filter tank, and the impurities washed down are washed into the upper layer of water, and are taken away with the flow effect of the river surface water (28), realizing automatic dredging. When the pressure gauge (9) on the backwash pipe returns to the predetermined value, it means that the backwash is over, turn off the water pump (14), and wait for the filter material in the tank where the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 1 (1) is located to settle After returning to the filter tank, open the adjustable tailgate weir (25), then close the backwash valve (8) of the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 1, open the water outlet valve (6) of the tubular silk-wrapped filter tube 1, and The filter tank where the silk filter tube 1 pipe (1) is located recovers its working performance.

The backwashing process of the filter layer of the remaining pipe sections is also the same.

If a solenoid valve is used, the valve can be opened and closed automatically to realize the automatic backwashing process.

Claims (2)

1. rocky earth surface water source water intake engineering negative pressure filtration and automatic backwash stem, mainly by the following artificial filter pocket that excavates in bottom, rocky river course, filter pipe, outlet pipe, backwash tube, pump and valve are formed, it is characterized in that: the artificial filter pocket of excavation manually is divided into multiple-grooved below bottom, rocky river course, be provided with adjustable tail-gate weir in each groove current downstream, with filtrate the Artificial filtering material layer is set in each groove, be embedded with a tubular type in the filter material layer bottom and twine a filter, one end of outlet pipe is connected tubular type and twines a filter middle portion, an other end is connected with the water inlet end pipeline of pump, the outlet pipe that one end and the tubular type of backwash tube twine between a filter and the pump is connected, an other end is connected with the water side pipeline of pump, outlet pipe between backwash tube and the pump is provided with outlet valve, backwash tube is provided with backwash valve, outlet pipe outside pump and the backwash tube is provided with the water outlet main valve, pump, outlet pipe, backwash tube and valve are formed the circuit system of a water outlet and backwash, can realize negative pressure filtration and automatic backwash by control valve.

2. rocky earth surface water source water intake engineering negative pressure filtration according to claim 1 and automatic backwash stem, it is characterized in that: the artificial filter pocket of excavation manually is divided into multiple-grooved below bottom, rocky river course, when the groove number is not less than two, all can form the water outlet that comprises pump, outlet pipe, backwash tube and valve and the circuit system of backwash.

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