A kind of combined type multi-injector burner
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of burner, particularly a kind ofly is used for gasification furnace and heating furnace and is the combined type multi-injector burner of fuel with the combustible powder.
Background technology
In the existing Coal Gasification Technology, with the technology comparative maturity of Texaco and Shell, application is comparatively extensive at home, and both have their own characteristics each aspect burner design.
The Texaco gasification furnace burner is fuel with the water-coal-slurry, and this burner is divided into three layers of passage, and the central passage medium is an oxygen, and second layer channel media is a water-coal-slurry, and the outermost layer channel media still is an oxygen.The burner of this structure is very ripe, but the deficiency of self is also arranged: when (1) high speed water coal slurry flows shower nozzle is had very strong wearing and tearing, therefore must often change wearing terrain (the wearing terrain life-span was generally 30~60 days); (2) water-coal-slurry and oxygen adopt straight flow structure to make combustion flame longer, and corresponding body of heater length also increases; (3) burner uses the coil pipe cooling structure, very easily causes damage when dismounting; (4) the burner sparking mode adopts the preheating burner to refractory brick heating in the body of heater, and fire box temperature is switched after reaching the ignition temperature of water-coal-slurry, to water-coal-slurry igniting, sparking mode complex operation; (5) this structural requirement coal can be made into high concentration, high stability, the water-coal-slurry that rheological behavior is good, require coal to wear into the coal slurry that distributes by certain particle size, in order to improve the characteristic of water-coal-slurry, also to add certain quantity of additive, even so, still have the part coal to be not suitable for making water-coal-slurry, the scope of application is limited to.
Shell coal dust gasification equipment is fuel with the dry coal powder, adopts high-pressure inert gas to deliver into gasification furnace, and it is all very low to spray flow velocity from being transported to of fine coal, very little to the burner wearing and tearing.The scope of application to coal is wide, and is insensitive to granularity, cohesiveness, sulfur content, oxygen content and the ash content of coal of coal.The structure of every cover gasification installation is uniformly distributed along the circumference in the stove middle and lower part by 4~6 cover burners, and burner forms flames in opposing direction in stove, and synthesis gas is from the discharging of gasification furnace upper end, and slag discharges from the lower end.Each independent burner is a straight flow structure, and fine coal has the water-cooling jacket protection, and is simple in structure, is convenient to maintenance.The deficiency of Shell burner is: (1) quadruplet burner installation accuracy requires very high; (2) itself is not with igniter, needs to add in addition the igniting device and light a fire in gasification furnace; (3) mixed process of Shell burner coal dust and oxygen mainly realizes that by the structure that liquidates in the stove single burner can't work independently, so the Shell burner scope of application is little, only is applicable to the liquidate body of heater of structure of flame.
For the problems referred to above, current multiple improvement structure proposed.For example Chinese utility application publication number CN 1710333A discloses a kind of burner, and it adopts water-cooling wall to substitute the coil pipe cooling structure of Texaco burner; And adopted the mode of multistage cooling, so that protect burner effectively; Be provided with and be coiled in ignition burner a plurality of coal dust carrier pipes all around, the conveying capacity of adjustable coal saving powder.Yet what this burner adopted is integral design, and dismounting is safeguarded inconvenient.
The utility model content
Therefore, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of novel burner, to solve problems of the prior art.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model realizes by a kind of modular multijet combustible powder burner is provided.This burner comprises: the igniter burner that is positioned at the burner center; Along the circumferential direction evenly be arranged on a plurality of process burners of ignition burner periphery.Wherein, each process burner comprises: the coal dust passage that is positioned at the process burner center; Be arranged on first oxidant channel of the annular in the coal dust passage outside.By a kind of like this structure, can after ignition operation, promptly stop the use of igniter burner, the coal dust and the oxidant that rely on process burner to provide carry out work.Simultaneously, can regulate the live load of burner by the process burner quantity that increases or reduce work; Load regulation range is big, and means are flexible.
Preferably, be arranged on first cooling jacket in first oxidant channel outside.
Preferably, described igniter burner comprises: the fuel gas passage that is positioned at this igniter burner center; Be arranged on the igniter in the fuel gas passage; Second oxidant channel with the annular that is arranged on the fuel gas passage outside.Wherein, be provided with second cooling jacket between described fuel gas passage and described second oxidant channel, described second oxidant channel is provided with the 3rd cooling jacket outward.
Preferably, described first, second is all double-decker with the 3rd cooling jacket, comprises internal layer and skin, and wherein cooling medium is entered by internal layer and discharges from skin.
By cooling jacket all being set, can prolong burner service life greatly in each passage outside.And, can protect burner more effectively by adopting double-deck cooling duct structure.
Preferably, described igniter burner and described process burner are fixed by mounting flange.When maintenance, the part that needs repairing can be dismantled individually and keeped in repair, and can not exert an influence other parts.
Preferably, the number of described process burner is 2-10.
Preferably, described igniter is movably.Because igniter (fire rod) is movably, therefore behind firing coal-dust, can withdraws from, thereby can avoid ablating.
In addition, burner of the present utility model also has the following advantages:
Coal dust adopts straight tube to carry, and resistance is little, and speed is low, and is little to the wearing and tearing of burner; Mix with the oxidant bump in the outside ejection back, forms independent flammule, can form the uniform flame of a circle after the adjacent flame impingement, thereby guarantee that the fire box temperature field is even, even flow field; The fuel gas passage and second oxidant channel are changed to inert protective gas protection burner finishing igniting task postposition, guarantee not have high temperature gases recirculating to burner channel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of the agent structure of burner of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the more detailed partial schematic diagram of the burner head among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional schematic of the single process burner in the burner of the present utility model.
Reference numerals list:
1. igniter, 2. the cover plate of fuel gas passage, 3. fuel gas enters the mouth, 4. the cooling medium of second cooling jacket outlet, 5. the 3rd cooling jacket, 6. the cover plate of the 3rd cooling jacket, 7. the cooling medium of the 3rd cooling jacket outlet, 8. fine coal enters the mouth, 9. the cover plate of first oxidant channel, 10. first oxidant channel enters the mouth, the cooling medium outlet of 11. first cooling jackets, 12. first cooling jackets, 13. the clamping plate of first cooling jacket, 14. second cooling jacket, the cover plate of 15. second cooling jackets, the clamping plate of 16. second cooling jackets, 17. the cooling medium of second cooling jacket inlet, 18. the cover plate of second oxidant channel, 19. second oxidant channels inlet, the cooling medium inlet of 20. the 3rd cooling jackets, 21. the clamping plate of the 3rd cooling jacket, 22. the cover plate of first cooling jacket, the cooling medium inlet of 23. first cooling jackets, 24. mounting flanges, 25. the fine coal carrier pipe of process burner, 26. the fuel gas passage, the coolant guiding channel of 27. second cooling jackets, 28. second oxidant channels, 29. the coolant guiding channel of the 3rd cooling jacket, 30. first coolant guiding channel, 31. first oxidant channels, the fine coal passage of 32. process burners.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing of the present utility model description detailed in addition to the most preferred configuration of burner of the present utility model.
Referring to Fig. 1, burner of the present utility model comprises the igniter burner that is arranged on the middle part and is arranged on a plurality of process burners in the igniter burner outside.Process burner along the circumferential direction is arranged in around the igniter burner equably, and is fixed together by mounting flange 24 and igniter burner, and mounting flange 24 is tightly connected with the body of heater (not shown).Described process burner is preferably 2-10, regulates the live load of burner by the process burner quantity that increases or reduce work.By using 24 pairs of process burners of mounting flange and igniter burner to fix, when maintenance, the part that needs repairing can be dismantled individually and keeped in repair, and can not exert an influence other parts.
Referring to Fig. 3, process burner comprises combustible powder (for example, the coal dust) passage that is positioned at the center, and it is formed by coal dust carrier pipe 25.Coal dust enters the coal dust passage by coal powder entrance 8.Coal dust passage arranged outside has by first oxidant channel 31, and passage 31 is by 9 sealings of the first oxidant channel cover plate, and oxidant enters this passage by first oxidant channel inlet 10.Arranged outside at first oxidant channel has cover plate 22 sealings of first cooling jacket, 12, the first cooling jackets 12 by first cooling jacket.First cooling jacket 12 is a double-decker, for example by the clamping plate 13 of first cooling jacket first coolant guiding channel, 30 (see figure 2)s is divided into inside and outside two-layerly, and cooling medium is by inlet 23 admission passage internal layers, through being flowed out by outlet 11 behind the passage skin.
Refer again to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, igniter burner comprises the fuel gas passage 26 by 2 sealings of fuel gas passage cover plate that is positioned at the center, and fuel gas enters described fuel gas passage by fuel gas inlet 3.Fuel gas passage arranged outside second cooling jacket 14, it is by 15 sealings of the second cooling jacket cover plate.Second cooling jacket 14 also can be provided with double-decker, its mode and first cooling jacket are similar, promptly by the clamping plate 16 of second cooling jacket second coolant guiding channel 27 is divided into inside and outside two-layerly, cooling medium is entered by inlet 17, is flowed out by outlet 4 through 27 backs, cooling duct.
Second cooling jacket, 14 arranged outside, second oxidant channel, 28 (see figure 2)s, it is by cover plate 18 sealings of second oxidant channel.Oxidant enters this passage by second oxidant channel inlet 19, and from this passage below ejection, after the fuel gas of fuel gas passage 26 ejections mixes, is lighted after igniter 1 is got angry, and forms igniter burner flame.Second oxidant channel, 28 arranged outside the 3rd cooling jacket 5 is by 6 sealings of the 3rd cooling duct cover plate.Equally, the 3rd cooling jacket 5 also can be provided with double-decker according to the mode identical with first and second cooling jackets.
By cooling jacket all being set, can prolong burner service life greatly in each gas passage outside; And all cooling jackets all can adopt double-deck cooling duct structure, in the time of can preventing medium reaction in the stove more effectively liberated heat to the damage of burner, thereby the protection burner.
Igniter 1 is arranged in the fuel gas passage, and igniter is movably (it can be realized by various existing technology), can withdraw from after lighting igniter burner, thereby can avoid being in for a long time damages such as causing ablation under the condition of high temperature.After fire rod was withdrawn from, the fire rod mouth can block with blind flange.
Burner furnace interior branch can adopt high temperature resistant, the anti-specific alloy material that washes away to make, for example HAYNES 188 alloys.
Fine coal in the process burner fine coal pipe is carried as carrier by assist gas, and the fine coal pipe is the straight tube form, and transporting resistance is little.Choose suitable caliber and guarantee that fine coal speed is 5~10m/s, very little to the wearing and tearing of pipe and spout.Spray into the oxygen bump of burner hearth through first oxidant channel and mix one independent flame of formation after being lighted by igniter burner rapidly with the outside behind the fine coal ejection burner.A plurality of process burners form a plurality of independent flammules in stove, adjacent flame is bump mixing mutually after leaving the burner certain distance, form the uniform flame of a circle.Flame is very strong to the radiation of burner, therefore is provided with cooling jacket protection, and the medium in the chuck can be water or other cooling mediums.
Groundwork principle of the present utility model is as follows: the fuel gas and second oxidant channel mix after igniter is lighted; drop into coal dust behind the flame stabilization; coal dust mixes at the burner hearth inner impact with first oxidant; by the igniter burner flame ignition, the fuel gas and second oxidant channel can be replaced into inert gas with the protection burner subsequently.
Groundwork process of the present utility model is as follows: the fuel gas of igniter burner sprays into burner hearth after by fuel gas passage 26, and oxidant sprays into burner hearth by second oxidant channel 28, and two strands of gases mix the back and got angry by igniter 1 in burner hearth and lights.Open the coal dust and the first oxidant feed valve, utilize the flame of igniter burner that coal dust is lighted, close the fuel gas and second oxidant channel then, and be replaced into the inert gas shielding igniter burner.Entire work process has cooling medium to pass through in three layers of cooling jacket all the time, with the protection burner.During the burner power cut-off, stop the coal dust charging earlier, stop oxidant feed at last.
By cell burner of the present utility model, the deficiencies in the prior art have been overcome, good mixing effect, long service life, compact conformation, flame is sturdy, the efficiency of combustion height, self has ignition function, load regulation range is big, and single burner also can be worked, and the scope of application is extensive.
Below combined most preferred embodiment of the present utility model burner of the present utility model has been made detailed description, yet those skilled the in art will appreciate that, under the situation that does not deviate from essence of the present utility model and scope, can carry out various modifications and variations to the utility model.Will be understood that most preferred embodiment of the present utility model is descriptive, but not determinate, scope of the present utility model should be determined according to appended independent claims.