CN201313819Y - Calciner volatiles and preheating air channel structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a volatile matter and preheated air channel structure of a calciner, belonging to the field of tank type carbon calciners. The volatile matter and preheated air channel structure of the calciner comprises a furnace body, a furnace back wall, a furnace front wall, a cooling air channel, a volatile matter channel and a preheated air channel, wherein, the cooling air channel is arranged at the bottom part of the furnace body, the preheated air channel is arranged in a furnace front wall masonry, the preheated air channel is communicated with the cooling air channel through a preheated air gathering structure, a preheated air distribution hole is formed on the preheated air channel, the preheated air distribution hole is communicated with a flame path; the volatile matter channel is arranged in a furnace back wall masonry, a volatile matter distribution hole is formed in the volatile matter channel, and the volatile matter distribution hole is communicated with the flame path. The volatile matter and preheated air channel structure of the calciner has the advantage that the volatile matter and preheated air channel structure of the calciner is conductive to increasing the amount of preheated air which is supplied into the furnace, improves the thermal utilization rate of the furnace, can realize the introduction of the preheated air and volatile matter along the flame path layer by layer and is conductive to flexibly adjusting the temperature distribution of a calcining tank on the height.

Description

Calciner volatiles and preheating air channel structure

technical field

The utility model relates to a tank-type carbon calciner used for calcining petroleum coke in the field of carbon production, in particular to a volatile content and preheating air channel structure of the calciner.

Background technique

The tank-type carbon calciner is used to calcinate petroleum coke, which has the advantages of high calcining temperature, good quality of calcined coke, small burning loss, high yield, complete calcining by burning volatile content of raw materials, no external fuel supply, stable calcining production process, The furnace has the advantages of long service life and good comprehensive economic benefits, and has been widely used, especially in enterprises that produce high-quality carbon products. In the production process of the tank type carbon calcination furnace, in order to make full use of the volatile matter produced by the raw material itself, a channel for introducing the volatile matter into the fire channel for combustion is set in the furnace body. In order to cool the bottom of the furnace and protect the bottom plate of the furnace, a cooling air channel is also set in the bottom masonry. The cooling air is preheated through the heat exchange in the furnace bottom channel, and is introduced into the fire channel through the preheated air channel in the furnace masonry to participate in combustion, which plays the role of waste heat recovery and energy saving.

Existing tank type carbon calciner is all provided with preheating air channel and volatile matter channel in its front and back furnace wall masonry. Due to the space limitation of the furnace masonry structure, the preheated air can only be introduced into the lower layers of the furnace to participate in combustion, and the volatile matter can only enter the upper layers of the furnace to burn. This kind of preheating air and volatile matter channel structure has the following disadvantages: 1. The number of layers of volatile matter introduced into the fire channel is limited, and it cannot enter the lower layer of the fire channel, resulting in a narrow calcination zone and the time for the material to be calcined at high temperature Short, which limits the further improvement of calcined coke quality; 2. When the volatile content of raw materials or the amount of discharge increases, a large amount of volatiles can only enter the furnace from the high-level fire path, resulting in high-temperature concentration of the 1-3 layer fire path , the resulting over-temperature phenomenon is easy to cause damage to the high-level fire path; 3. In order to protect the high-level fire path from being burned out, the excess volatile matter is generally released through the operation holes on the furnace top surface, and there are four places on the furnace top surface. The phenomenon of flames has adverse effects on the operation safety and the workshop environment; 4. Since part of the bottom cooling air channel adopts a reentrant structure, the resistance loss is large, resulting in a small amount of pre-air, which cannot guarantee the complete combustion of the volatiles entering the fire channel; 5. Part of the preheating air channel fails to reach the high-level fire channel, and the preheating air entering the low-level fire channel has little significance for increasing the temperature of the calcination zone; The volatile matter channel and the preheating air channel make the structure in the furnace masonry extremely complicated and difficult to build.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a calciner volatile matter and preheating air channel structure, the purpose is to solve the problem that the volatile matter cannot enter the lower fire path, the high temperature zone in the calciner tank is narrow, and the further improvement of the coke quality after calcining is limited. , Excess volatile matter is discharged from the operation hole on the top surface of the furnace, causing safety hazards and environmental pollution in the workshop, poor preheating air passage, small amount of preheating air, inability to achieve organized volatile matter combustion, and complex furnace structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model is achieved in the following way: a calcination furnace volatile matter and preheating air passage structure, including furnace body, furnace back wall, furnace front wall, cooling air passage, volatile matter passage and preheating air passage, The cooling air channel is set at the bottom of the furnace body, the preheating air channel is set in the furnace front wall masonry, the preheating air channel communicates with the cooling air channel through the preheating air collection structure, and the preheating air channel is provided with a preheating air channel. The distribution hole and the preheating air distribution hole communicate with the fire path; the volatile matter channel is arranged in the furnace rear wall masonry, and the volatile matter distribution hole is provided in the volatile matter channel, and the volatile matter distribution hole communicates with the fire path.

The volatile matter channel is in communication with the furnace top volatile matter channel structure.

The introduction port of the volatile component channel is arranged on the outside of the bottom fire channel.

The volatile matter passage is provided with a volatile matter regulating structure, and the volatile matter regulating structure is a draw board brick.

The cross-sectional shape of the volatile component channel is rectangular, and its side length ranges from 50 to 500 mm.

The number of the volatile distribution holes is the same as the number of layers of the fire channel.

The preheating air channel is provided with a preheating air regulating structure, and the preheating air regulating structure is a draw board brick.

The number of the preheating air distribution holes is the same as the number of layers of the fire path.

The preheated air inlet of the preheated air passage is arranged on the outside of the first-floor fire path.

The cross-sectional shape of the preheated air channel is rectangular, circular or polygonal, and its diameter or side length ranges from 60 to 500 mm.

Each of the preheated air passages is arranged between two branch flues 23 .

The intersection of the preheating air channel and the branch flue above the preheating air collection structure is provided with a brick sealing structure, and the brick sealing structure is made of combined special-shaped refractory bricks.

The cooling air channel is a non-turning channel, and the cross-sectional shape of the cooling air channel is rectangular, circular or polygonal, and its diameter or side length ranges from 60 to 500 mm.

The cooling air channel is composed of tubular special-shaped bricks, and the air inlet of the cooling air channel is arranged on the lower surface of the rear wall of the furnace.

The air outlet of the cooling air channel at the bottom of the furnace is connected at 90° to the preheating air channel in the furnace front wall masonry.

The lower part of the rear wall of the furnace is provided with a cooling air channel inlet.

The utility model has the following advantages:

1. The cooling air channel at the bottom of the furnace has no turning back and has a large cross-section, and it directly leads to the preheating air channel on the front wall of the furnace. It is beneficial to increase the amount of cooling air, improve the cooling effect of the bottom of the furnace and the lower calcination tank, and improve the heating state of the bottom plate of the furnace and the steel structure of the furnace.

2. It is beneficial to increase the amount of preheated air supplied to the furnace and improve the heat utilization rate of the furnace.

3. It can realize the introduction of preheating air and volatile matter layer by layer, which is beneficial to flexibly adjust the temperature distribution along the height of the calcination tank, and determine the height of the calcination zone according to the predetermined temperature curve.

4. Due to the increased height of the calcining zone, the calcining quality of the material can be improved. When the material is calcined at high temperature for a certain period of time, the discharge speed can be appropriately increased to increase the output of the tank-type carbon calciner.

5. When the volatile matter content of the raw material increases, the excess volatile matter can be discharged into the lower flue and exhausted through the smoke exhaust flue, so as to avoid potential safety hazards and environmental pollution of the workshop caused by the excess volatile matter being discharged from the furnace top surface.

6. It is beneficial to adjust and increase the temperature of the fire channel at the side of the furnace, increase the calcination temperature of the side material tank, and ensure the uniform and stable quality of the calcined coke.

7. The reasonable setting of the preheating air passage and the volatile matter passage is conducive to the full utilization of the volatile matter and the complete realization of calcination without additional fuel, which is in line with the principle of energy saving and emission reduction.

It solves the problem that volatile matter can only be introduced into combustion from a limited number of fire channels in the production process of tank-type carbon calcination furnace, which limits the height of the calcination zone in the calcination tank, affects the further improvement of the calcination quality of petroleum coke, and the volatile matter cannot be maximized. Limited utilization, when the volatile matter emission increases, it cannot be introduced into the flue to be discharged and burns on the furnace surface, which deteriorates the operating conditions of the furnace surface, the amount of preheated air at the bottom of the furnace is small, the cooling effect of the bottom of the furnace is poor, and there are few inlets for preheating air and Problems such as poor utilization of waste heat

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the positions of the cooling air channel, the preheating air channel and the volatile matter channel of the utility model corresponding to the fire channel of the tank type carbon calciner.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling air channel, preheating air channel and volatile matter channel corresponding to the position of the calcination tank of the tank type carbon calcination furnace of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Furnace body; 2. Furnace steel structure; 3. Feeding port; 4. Calcination tank; 5. Fire path; 6. Cooling air passage; Furnace bottom plate; 10. Lower calcination tank; 11. Furnace front wall; 12. Preheating air channel; 13. Preheating air collection structure; 14. Preheating air distribution hole; 15. Preheating air control structure; 16. Volatile matter Channel; 17. Furnace top masonry; 18. Furnace top volatile matter channel structure; 19. Volatile matter distribution holes; 20. Volatile matter control structure; 21. Cooling water jacket; 22. Collecting flue; 23. Branch flue; 24. Brick sealing structure.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited by the embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a calciner volatile matter and preheating air channel structure includes a furnace body 1, a furnace rear wall 8, a furnace front wall 11, a cooling air channel 6, a volatile matter channel 16 and preheating air Passage 12, the furnace body 1 is built on the specially designed furnace steel structure 2, the cooling air passage 6 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1, the preheating air passage 12 is arranged in the furnace front wall 11 masonry, and the preheating air passage 12 The preheating air collection structure 13 communicates with the cooling air channel 6 , and the preheating air channel 12 is provided with a preheating air distribution hole 14 , and the preheating air distribution hole 14 communicates with the fire channel 5 . The volatile matter channel 16 is located in the masonry of the furnace back wall 8, and the volatile matter channel 16 is provided with a volatile matter distribution hole 19, which communicates with the fire channel 5, and the volatile matter channel 16 is connected with the furnace roof volatile matter channel structure 18 Interconnected; volatile matter channel 16 inlets are located on the outside of the bottom fire channel 5; volatile matter channel 16 is provided with volatile matter control structure 20, and volatile matter control structure 20 is a drawing board; the cross-sectional shape of volatile matter channel 16 is a rectangle, Its side length ranges from 50 to 500 mm; the number of volatile matter distribution holes 19 is the same as the number of layers of the fire channel 5 . The preheating air channel 12 is provided with a preheating air regulating structure 15, and the preheating air regulating structure 15 is a drawn plate brick; The preheating air inlet of the preheating air channel 12 is arranged on the outside of the fire channel 5 on the first floor; the cross-sectional shape of the preheating air channel 12 is rectangular, circular or polygonal, and its diameter or side length ranges from 60 to 500mm; Each preheated air channel 12 is set between two branch flues 23; the upper part of the preheated air collection structure 13 is provided with a brick sealing structure 24 at the intersection of the preheating air channel 12 and the branch flue 23, and the brick sealing structure 24 is built with combined special-shaped refractory bricks. The cooling air channel 6 is a non-returning channel. The cross-sectional shape of the cooling air channel 6 is rectangular, circular or polygonal, and its diameter or side length ranges from 60 to 500mm; the cooling air channel 6 is composed of tubular special-shaped bricks. The air inlet of the air channel 6 is located on the lower surface of the rear wall of the furnace; the air outlet of the cooling air channel 6 at the bottom of the furnace is connected at 90° to the preheating air channel 12 in the furnace front wall 11 masonry.

The working principle of the utility model: when the furnace is running, the petroleum coke is put into the calciner 4 from the feeding port 3 on the top surface of the furnace, and the fire channels 5 on both sides of the calciner 4 are heated and calcined by the high temperature generated by the combustion. The tank 4 and the petroleum coke in the tank; the bottom of the furnace body 1 is provided with a cooling air channel 6, and the cooling air channel inlet 7 is located at the bottom of the furnace rear wall 8 for cooling the furnace bottom plate 9 and the lower calcining tank 10; in front of the furnace The wall 11 is provided with a preheating air passage 12, and the preheating air passage 12 is connected with the cooling air passage 6 at the bottom of the furnace; The amount of preheated air in each layer of the flue is controlled by the preheated air control structure 15; all the preheated air passages 12 are arranged between the two branch flues 23, in order to prevent the preheated air from leaking into the flue, the preheated air When the air channel passes through the gap between the two branch flues, a brick sealing structure 24 is adopted; a volatile matter channel 16 is provided on the furnace rear wall 8, and the volatile matter channel 16 and the furnace top volatile matter channel located in the furnace top masonry 17 The structure 18 is connected; the volatile matter entering the volatile matter channel 16 is distributed to each layer of fire path through the volatile matter distribution hole 19, and the amount of volatile matter entering each layer of fire path is controlled by the volatile matter regulating structure 20; the excess volatile matter can pass through the bottom layer The volatile matter distribution hole 19 is introduced into the bottom fire channel, and discharged into the collection flue 22. In the process of calcining petroleum coke in the tank-type carbon calciner, petroleum coke is continuously put into the calcining tank 4 through the feeding port 3, after a certain period of calcining, it is continuously discharged into the cooling water jacket 21 from the lower part of the calcining tank, and finally discharged from the cooling water jacket Discharge calcined coke.

Claims (22)

1. A calciner volatile matter and preheating air channel structure, including furnace body, furnace back wall, furnace front wall, cooling air channel, volatile matter channel and preheating air channel, characterized in that the cooling air channel is located in the furnace body The preheating air channel is set in the masonry of the front wall of the furnace. The preheating air channel communicates with the cooling air channel through the preheating air collection structure. There are preheating air distribution holes on the preheating air channel. It communicates with the fire path; the volatile matter channel is set in the furnace rear wall masonry, and the volatile matter distribution hole is provided in the volatile matter channel, and the volatile matter distribution hole communicates with the fire path. 2. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1, characterized in that the volatile matter channel communicates with the volatile matter channel structure on the top of the furnace. 3. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 2, characterized in that the introduction port of the volatile matter channel is located outside the bottom fire channel. 4. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the volatile matter channel is provided with a volatile matter control structure, and the volatile matter control structure is a pull-up brick. 5. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 4, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the volatile matter channel is rectangular. 6. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 4, characterized in that the side length of the volatile matter channel is in the range of 50-500 mm. 7. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the volatile matter distribution holes is the same as the number of layers of the fire channel. 8. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1, characterized in that the preheating air channel is provided with a preheating air regulating structure. 9. The volatile content and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that the preheating air regulating structure is a drawn plate brick. 10. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the preheating air distribution holes is the same as the number of layers of the fire channel. 11. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1, characterized in that the preheating air inlet of the preheating air channel is located outside the first layer of the fire channel. 12. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the preheating air channel is rectangular, circular or polygonal. 13. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 12, characterized in that the diameter or side length of the preheating air channel ranges from 60 to 500 mm. 14. According to claim 8, 11, 12 or 13, the volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner is characterized in that each preheating air channel is arranged between two branch flues. 15. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 14, characterized in that a brick sealing structure is provided at the intersection of the preheating air channel and the branch flue above the preheating air collection structure. 16. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 15, characterized in that the brick-covering sealing structure is made of combined special-shaped refractory bricks. 17. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling air channel is a non-returning channel. 18. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1 or 17, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the cooling air channel is rectangular, circular or polygonal. 19. The volatile matter and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 18, characterized in that the diameter or side length of the cooling air channel ranges from 60 mm to 500 mm. 20. The volatile content and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 18, characterized in that the cooling air channel is composed of tubular special-shaped bricks, and the air inlet of the cooling air channel is located on the lower surface of the rear wall of the furnace superior. 21. The volatile content and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 18, characterized in that the air outlet of the cooling air channel at the bottom of the furnace is 90° to the preheating air channel in the furnace front wall masonry connect. 22. The volatile content and preheating air channel structure of the calciner according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the rear wall of the furnace is provided with a cooling air channel inlet.

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