CN201311957Y - Battery pack module - Google Patents

Abstract

A battery pack module comprises a temperature adjusting system and a plurality of single batteries or a plurality of battery packs. The temperature adjusting system comprises a pump, a temperature adjuster, a flow channel and fluid media. The fluid media is filled in the flow channel, and the flow channel is connected with a flow inlet of the pump and further connected with a flow outlet of the pump, thereby forming a circulation loop of the fluid media. The temperature adjuster is used to heat or cool the fluid media in the flow passage and to heat or radiate the single batteries or the battery packs arranged surrounding the circulation loop. The temperature adjusting system of the battery pack can provide constant and high-efficient temperature adjustment for the battery pack.

Description

battery pack module

technical field

The present invention relates to a battery pack, and more particularly to a temperature regulating system for a battery pack.

Background technique

The battery will generate a lot of heat during charging and discharging. This heat will not only affect the performance of the battery, but more seriously, when the heat accumulates to a certain extent, it may cause thermal runaway and explosion. For lithium-ion battery packs used in automobiles, heat dissipation is very necessary. In the prior art, external circulation is usually used to dissipate heat from the battery pack, for example, by blowing cold air from the outside of the battery pack module to the battery pack, and discharging the air passing through the battery pack to the outside of the battery pack module. A large cycle is formed externally. This heat dissipation method usually brings moisture in the external air into the battery pack module, which is not conducive to the stable operation of the battery pack.

In addition, some batteries, especially power batteries, may work in low temperature environments as needed. When working in a low temperature environment, the performance of the battery in the low temperature environment is poor. For example, the optimal operating temperature of a lithium battery is 15-35°C. When the battery pack is working below 0°C, due to the increase in the viscosity of the electrolyte, the movement of ions is greatly resisted and the diffusion capacity is also reduced. Therefore, the charge and discharge performance and cycle life of the battery will be greatly affected, especially the charging of the battery. Performance, such as the battery can only charge 50-60% capacity at -20°C. Therefore, when working at low temperature, the battery pack needs to be heated at low temperature.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, there is a need for a temperature regulation system that considers the heat dissipation of the battery pack and also considers the low-temperature heating of the battery pack.

The invention provides a battery pack module, the module includes a temperature regulation system and a plurality of single cells or a plurality of battery packs, the temperature regulation system includes a pump, a temperature regulator, a flow channel and a fluid medium, and the fluid medium is filled with In the flow channel, the flow channel is connected to the inlet of the pump and connected to the outlet of the pump, thereby forming a circulation loop of the fluid medium, and the temperature regulator is used to make the flow The fluid medium in the channels heats or cools to heat or dissipate the cells or battery packs arranged around the circulation loop.

The temperature regulator can selectively heat or cool the fluid medium according to needs, so as to adjust the temperature of the battery pack. The fluid medium can be liquid or gas. Since the present invention is an internal circulation structure, external moisture will not be brought into the battery, ensuring that the battery works in a constant environment. In addition, the pump of the present invention is both the inlet and the outlet of the circulation, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of heat.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a battery pack module of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the battery pack module of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a battery pack module of the present invention, wherein the battery pack module of the present invention includes a plurality of single cells 6 and a temperature regulation system, the temperature regulation system includes a pump 1, a temperature regulator 2, Circulation channel 3 and fluid medium. The fluid medium is filled in the flow passage 3, one end of the flow passage 3 is connected with the pump 1 to the inlet 4, and extends through the temperature regulator 2, the other end of the flow passage 3 is connected to the pump 1 and the outlet 5, and the fluid medium is in The circulation channel 3 flows in the direction indicated by the arrow, thereby forming an internal circulation structure of the fluid medium. The fluid medium is pressurized and extruded by the pump 1, and then passes through the circulation channel 3 after being adjusted by the temperature regulator 2. The temperature regulator 2 is used for The fluid medium in the circulation channel 3 is heated or cooled to heat or dissipate heat to the unit cells 6 arranged around the circulation loop.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the single cells 6 are arranged around the flow passage 3, preferably in the area surrounded by the circulation loop formed by the flow passage 3, and the gaps between the single cells 6 are kept electrically insulated, so as to Get the best temperature regulation effect. The inventors have found through research that in large batteries such as power batteries, the charging and discharging current of the battery is very large during charging and discharging, which easily causes temperature changes of the entire battery. Moreover, the flow of the circuit from the middle of the battery to the two ends of the battery is a process of current concentration, that is, the closer to the direction of the two ends of the battery, the higher the current density and the higher the temperature. Especially on the electrode terminals, due to the relatively small area of the electrode terminals and the metal material that is prone to heat, the temperature on the electrode terminals is the highest, which is a key part of battery heat dissipation and an important part of battery safety. In addition, the tab connection of the electrode and the connection of the electrode terminal are all physical connections, and their impedance is larger than that of the electrochemical reaction, which is also a main reason for the high temperature of the electrode terminal. Therefore, a heat conduction component (such as an electrode heat sink or the electrode terminal itself that conducts heat near the electrode) can be arranged at the electrode end of the single battery 6, and the heat conduction component is drawn out and at least a part of it is sealed (such as injection molding) in the flow channel. 3 Internal, so that the fluid medium directly cools or heats the part.

In addition, the circulation channel 3 can form a plurality of circulation loops. In the embodiment shown in FIG. Outflow direction (arrow direction in Fig. 1), thus constitutes a plurality of circulating loops; In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, pump 1 comprises a plurality of inflow ports 4 and a plurality of outflow ports 5, and flow channel 3 comprises a plurality of fluid The inflow direction of the medium and the outflow direction of multiple fluid mediums constitute multiple circulation loops.

In addition, the fluid medium can be liquid or gas, and liquid fluid medium is required to be insulated and non-corrosive, and liquid fluid medium such as silicone oil is preferably used. The gas can choose gas with high heat storage capacity or air mixed with heat-absorbing foam particles.

According to different working environments, the temperature regulator 2 can be used for heat dissipation or low-temperature heating of the battery pack. The temperature regulator 2 can be arranged in the circulation loop formed by the circulation channel 3, and includes a cooling component and a heating component. Preferably, the cooling component and the heating component are controllable constant temperature cooling components and heating components to provide a constant working temperature for the battery pack. In addition, the cooling assembly and the heating assembly can be arranged in the flow passage 3, and can also be arranged on the inner and outer walls of the pipe of the flow passage 3, or respectively arranged on the outer wall of the pipe of the flow passage 3, so as to control the flow in the flow passage 3 cooling or heating of the passing fluid medium. In this embodiment, the temperature regulator 2 is arranged near the inlet of the pump 1 , the cooling component can be a condenser 8 (such as the condenser of an air conditioner), and the heating component can be a coil heating element or a ceramic heating element 9 .

Can work by manual selection of heating or cooling components. In addition, the battery pack module may also include a temperature sensor and a control starter (not shown), the temperature sensor (which may be arranged on the electrode terminal of the single battery) measures the temperature of the battery pack module and transmits a signal to the control starter The starter is controlled to control the operation of the temperature adjustment system according to the received signal, and the cooling component or the heating component is selected to work, thereby automatically dissipating heat or heating the battery pack. Preferably, the temperature sensor can be a thermistor sensor, the control starter can be a microprocessor or PLC, and the control starter can be set on the temperature regulator 2 .

The working process of the temperature regulating system of the battery pack of the present invention will be introduced in detail below.

When the charging and discharging or operating temperature of the battery pack module measured by the temperature sensor is higher than a predetermined temperature such as 55° C., the starter is controlled to start the temperature regulation system and the condenser 8 in the temperature regulator 2 is operated. The temperature regulation system is used for heat dissipation of the battery pack. The fluid medium is pressurized by the pump 1 and enters the inlet 4, and flows into the temperature regulator 2 along the circulation channel 3, and the operation of the condenser 8 reduces the temperature of the fluid medium. After the low-temperature fluid medium flows out from the temperature regulator 2, it flows along the circulation channel 3, and performs heat exchange with the unit battery 6 arranged around the circulation channel 3 (when the electrode fins of the unit battery 6 are arranged in the circulation channel 3, The fluid medium can also directly exchange heat with the electrode heat sink), taking away the heat emitted by the battery. After heat exchange and absorption of excess heat, the fluid medium flows back to the pump 1 along the flow channel 3 through the outlet 5 to form an internal circulation. Subsequently, the fluid medium is pressurized again by the pump 1 and flows into the temperature regulator 2, cooled by the condenser 8, and flows along the circulation channel 3 to continue the heat dissipation cycle.

Similarly, when the working temperature of the battery pack module measured by the temperature sensor is lower than a predetermined temperature such as -10°C, the starter is controlled to start the temperature regulating system and make the ceramic heating element 9 in the temperature regulator 2 work, The temperature regulation system is used for low temperature heating of the battery pack. The fluid medium is pressurized by the pump 1 and enters the inflow port 4 and flows into the temperature regulator 2 along the flow channel 3 , and the operation of the ceramic heating element 9 heats the fluid medium. After the heated fluid medium flows out from the temperature regulator 2, it flows along the circulation channel 3, and exchanges heat with the single cells 6 arranged around the circulation channel 3, and performs low-temperature heating for the battery pack working at low temperature. The heat-exchanged fluid medium flows back to the pump 1 along the circulation channel 3 through the outlet 5 to form an internal circulation. Subsequently, the fluid medium is repressurized by the pump 1 and flows into the temperature regulator 2, heated by the ceramic heating element 9, and flows along the circulation channel 3 to continue the heating cycle.

Since the temperature regulating system forms an internal circulation, all components are encapsulated in the battery pack module, and when the fluid medium is gas, it can avoid bringing external moisture into the battery pack module, therefore, the battery pack can be kept at a constant temperature. environment to work. In addition, using the fluid medium in one cycle directly for the next cycle can reduce the heating or cooling of the fluid medium in the next cycle, making the internal circulation mode of the temperature adjustment system more energy efficient.

In order to further improve the recycling of energy, parameters can be optimized to ensure that the temperature field distribution of the inner circulation is as uniform as possible. Preferably, the flow rate of the fluid medium can be increased to reduce the amount of heat exchange between the fluid medium and the battery pack during a single cycle. When using a gas fluid medium, it is also preferable to increase the heat storage capacity of the gas by using a gas with a large heat storage capacity or doping foam particles, so as to ensure a uniform distribution of the temperature field of the cycle. More preferably, the temperature difference between the inflow port 4 and the outflow port 5 can be controlled at 2-3°C, so that the amount of heat exchange between the fluid medium and each single battery 6 is basically the same, so as to achieve the best effect on the battery pack. Optimal temperature adjustment.

The circulation channel 3 can be integral, and the size of the channel can be designed according to the requirements of heat dissipation or low-temperature heating. Among them, the material used in the circulation channel 3 is insulated. When the electrode cooling fin is arranged in the circulation channel 3, the heat exchange is mainly carried out in the circulation channel 3, so it can be selected such as PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PPO (polyphenylene ether) , PEEK (polyether ether ketone) and other thermal poor conductor materials. Preferably, these materials have a micro-foam structure, so as to better prevent unnecessary loss of heat during low-temperature heating or cold air during heat dissipation.

In addition, the circulation channel 3 may also be provided between multiple battery packs as shown in FIG. 2 to form a circulation channel for the entire battery pack 10 . In this embodiment, the connection of various components is similar to that of the temperature regulation system of a single battery pack, the only difference being that multiple battery packs are arranged around the circulation channel 3 . That is, the temperature adjustment system includes a plurality of battery packs 7 . The fluid medium is pressurized to flow out by the pump 1 (not shown), and the temperature is regulated by the temperature regulator 2 (not shown) to pass through the circulation channel 3 to adjust the temperature of the battery pack 7 arranged around the circulation channel 3 . As shown in FIG. 2 , the circulation channel 3 includes a plurality of circulation loops, and the two ends of each circulation loop are respectively connected with the pump 1 , thereby forming a fluid medium circulation structure. Each battery pack 7 is arranged in the area surrounded by the circulation loop formed by the circulation channel 3 , and the gaps between the battery packs 7 are kept electrically insulated.

The temperature regulation system of the battery pack module of the present invention can dissipate heat or heat the battery pack module at low temperature according to different needs, and effectively use energy and save space. For power batteries, both high energy efficiency and space requirements are met. Utilization requirements.

Claims (13)

1. A battery module, the module includes a temperature regulation system and a plurality of single cells or a plurality of battery packs, characterized in that the temperature regulation system includes a pump, a temperature regulator, a flow channel and a fluid medium, the The fluid medium is filled in the flow channel, and the flow channel is connected to the inlet of the pump and connected to the outlet of the pump, thereby forming a circulation loop of the fluid medium, and the temperature regulator is used to make the The fluid medium in the circulation channel is heated or cooled to heat or dissipate heat or heat to the cells or battery packs arranged around the circulation loop. 2 . The battery pack module according to claim 1 , wherein the pump is provided with at least one inflow port and at least one outflow port, and the circulation channels can form multiple circulation loops. 3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that the single cells or battery packs are arranged in an area surrounded by the circulation loop. 4. The battery pack module according to claim 3, wherein the electrode terminals of the single cells or battery packs are provided with heat conducting components, at least a part of which is located in the circulation channel. 5. The battery pack module of claim 1, wherein the temperature regulator comprises a heating assembly and a cooling assembly. 6. The battery pack module according to claim 5, wherein the heating component is a ceramic heating component, and the cooling component is a condenser. 7. The battery pack module according to claim 5, wherein the heating assembly and the cooling assembly are respectively arranged in the circulation channel and/or on the outer wall of the circulation channel. 8. The battery pack module according to claim 5, wherein the battery pack module further comprises a temperature sensor and a control starter, and the control starter is based on the temperature of the battery pack module measured by the temperature sensor temperature to control the operation of the thermostat system. 9. The battery pack module according to claim 1, wherein the fluid medium is liquid or gas. 10. The battery pack module according to claim 9, wherein the fluid medium is silicone oil. 11 . The battery pack module according to claim 9 , wherein the fluid medium can be a gas with a large heat storage capacity or air doped with heat-absorbing foam particles. 12. The battery module of claim 4, wherein the flow channel is formed by an insulated poor conductor of heat. 13. The battery pack module according to claim 12, wherein the material of the flow channel has a micro-foaming structure.