CN201298995Y - Annular groove type high-frequency vibration seeding machine - Google Patents
Annular groove type high-frequency vibration seeding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN201298995Y CN201298995Y CN 200820106395 CN200820106395U CN201298995Y CN 201298995 Y CN201298995 Y CN 201298995Y CN 200820106395 CN200820106395 CN 200820106395 CN 200820106395 U CN200820106395 U CN 200820106395U CN 201298995 Y CN201298995 Y CN 201298995Y
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及农业机械领域，具体为一种环槽式高频振动排种器，解决现有各种型式的小籽粒排种器由于结构上的缺陷而存在各自不同缺点的问题，包括机架，种箱，机架下方设有排种器壳体，排种器壳体顶部开有进种口，底部开有排种口，排种器壳体中部设置排种轴；排种器壳体内设置排种轮，排种器壳体与排种轮的配合间隙为0.10mm；排种轮外表面均布有环槽，排种口下方设有与排种轮上环槽位置一一对应的排种管。采取集中排种的方式，可实现“一器多行”，可适应不同粒径大小作物的条播和精少量排种要求，高频振动器的安装大大提高了充种和清种效果，结构精巧、简单，能够减轻整个播种机的重量，排种均匀，播量稳定，通用性好，具有良好的推广应用前景。
The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a ring groove type high-frequency vibration seed metering device, which solves the problem that existing various types of small seed seed metering devices have different shortcomings due to structural defects, including frame , a seed box, a seed meter housing is provided under the frame, a seed inlet is opened on the top of the seed meter housing, a seed discharge port is opened at the bottom, and a seed metering shaft is arranged in the middle of the seed meter housing; inside the seed meter housing The seeding wheel is set, and the matching gap between the seed metering device shell and the seeding wheel is 0.10mm; the outer surface of the seeding wheel is evenly distributed with ring grooves, and there is a one-to-one correspondence with the position of the ring groove on the seed metering wheel under the seeding port. seed tube. The method of concentrated seeding can realize "one device with multiple rows", which can adapt to the requirements of drill seeding and precise seeding of crops with different particle sizes. The installation of high-frequency vibrator greatly improves the effect of seed filling and clearing. The structure is exquisite , simple, can reduce the weight of the whole planter, uniform seeding, stable sowing rate, good versatility, and has a good prospect for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to agricultural mechanical field, is specially a kind of circular groove type dither seed metering device that is suitable for grass-seed, millet, Chinese sorghum, wheat, beans, seeding corn and other crops defective ejaculation amount seeding operation.
Background technology
At present, known crop seed seeding unit comprises and broadcasts sowing seeding unit, strip sowing seed discharge device and point (cave) are broadcast the seeding unit three major types, strip sowing seed discharge device comprises outer groove wheel, interior grooved pulley type, the line disc type, conical surface type porose disc formula, centrifugal, oscillating rod type, the spoon formula, pattern such as brush, this type of seeding unit generally is applicable to the seed seeding of particle diameter greater than 3.5mm, be difficult to satisfy grass-seed, millet, the seeding requirement of fine grain crops such as broomcorn millet, mainly show as: the fit clearance between the 1. above-mentioned seeding unit part is bigger, the fine grain seed enters in the movement clearance easily, cause the fragmentation of seed, even influence the operate as normal of dispenser; 2. broadcast the fine grain kind period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the amount of broadcasting is bigger, causes the waste of seed on the one hand, causes follow-up thinning workload big on the other hand, often because thinning in time causes influencing crop yield a little less than the waste seedling of seedling, restricts its industrialized development; 3. the bad adaptability of seeding unit is not suitable for intertillage crop precision point sowing or bunch planting requirement as drilling formula seeding unit, and precision point sowing and hill-drop planter are not suitable for crop drilling requirements such as grass-seed, wheat etc., cause user's equipment investment big, and availability is low; 4. pneumatic types essences such as air-sucking type, air-sweeping type, pneumatic transmission formula are measured dispensers, the system architecture complexity, and mating power is big, is not suitable for using with the minitype motivation machinery support.
In the early time; Chinese scholars is at the technical barrier of fine grain crop sowing; once many good tries had been done; the bigger characteristics of strip sowing seed discharge device discharge capacity as basis; take " mixing sand " or " mixing dead seed "; carry out the way of mixed seeding; the amount of broadcasting with the effective seed of relative reduction; perhaps seed being carried out " pillization " handles; implement sowing etc. again after strengthening its appearance and size; these technology all have application in various degree in actual production, but fundamentally do not solve the problem of fine grain seed seeding difficulty.Therefore, carry out the innovation and the design of fine grain crop dispenser, have great importance satisfying to produce required and improve the mechanization technical merit.
Continuous development along with art technology, people have carried out many improvement to fine grain seeding unit structure, for example this application people is 200610102322.2 at number of patent application, denomination of invention is a disclosed improvement version in the patent application of " multiple-head, special-shaped and spiral cell type intensive seeding apparatus for small-sized seeds ", though compare with original technology, solved seed breakage rate height, can't realize the sowing of defective ejaculation amount, complex structure and other problems, made significant headway, but through facts have proved, still there are some problems in actual use, such as entering the porch of protecting kind of district at seed by filling kind of district, unnecessary seed is not forced to constraint in the groove, plants clearly easily and injuring-free seed, but because interseminal interaction, also seed in the groove may be taken away, cause Lou kind of phenomenon, finally cause filling kind, seeding is inhomogeneous; In addition cooperating of helicla flute feed shaft and sleeve, because structural volume is limit, can only realize the single file sowing, versatility is relatively poor simultaneously, only can be used for fine grain and sows by changing the helicla flute feed shaft, can't satisfy the requirement of big seed material.
Summary of the invention
The utility model for the fine grain seeding unit that solves existing various types owing to there is the problem of different shortcomings separately in structural defective, a kind of circular groove type dither seed metering device is provided.
The utility model is to adopt following technical scheme to realize: circular groove type dither seed metering device, comprise frame, be fixed in the kind case of frame top, the frame below is provided with seeder unit shell, the seeder unit shell top has and plants the corresponding seed inlet in case blanking port position, the bottom has a sowing port, and the seeder unit shell middle part is run through setting and is bearing in feed shaft on the housing by rolling bearing; Also be provided with in the seeder unit shell with its precision-fit and with the seed wheel of feed shaft assembling, the fit clearance of seeder unit shell and seed wheel is 0.10mm; The seed wheel outer surface has annular groove uniformly at intervals.The quantity of annular groove described in the utility model and distribution can determine that the annular groove cross dimensions can be determined according to the different seed of particle size, thereby can reach the seeding needs that satisfy different seeds by changing seed wheel according to seeding unit volume size.
Seeding mainly is divided into four processes: 1, seed falls into the seed inlet of seeder unit shell from kind of case, and along with the rotation of feed shaft, seed fills in each bar annular groove of the outer border of seed wheel under gravity and interseminal thrust, and this process is for filling kind of a process; 2, the seed in the annular groove is along with feed shaft rotates, during to seed inlet one side, the seed that relies on the seeder unit shell inwall will exceed the annular groove top layer strikes off, only retain the quantitative seed in the annular groove, this process is clear kind process, the clear kind is the key factor that guarantees the seeding unit service behaviour, and wherein Seeding Uniformity, seed consumption, seed percentage of damage etc. decided by this stage; 3, the seed in the annular groove through clear plant quantitatively after, enter in the enclosure space that forms by seed wheel and seeder unit shell, under the protection of seeder unit shell inwall, the pushed and arrival sowing port of the seed in the annular groove, this process is for protecting kind of a process; 4, at the sowing port place, the seed that is positioned at different annular grooves falls into discharging tube respectively under the effect of active force between gravity, centrifugal force and seed, and this process is the process of charging seed.In protecting kind of process, seed is subjected to self gravitation, normal reaction, centrifugal force, the effect of power such as frictional force and be in dynamic balance state, seed in the annular groove moves to sowing port with the rotation of feed shaft, if blending has cavings in this stage seed, impurity such as handstone and may cause seeding unit to stop up, therefore, should note the selected of seed during except sowing, suitable gap also is an important factors between seed wheel and the seeder unit shell, the utility model is through test of many times, the fit clearance that draws between the two according to different types of fine grain is 0.10mm, stop up seeding unit to avoid the fine grain seed to enter the working clearance, also can avoid causing simultaneously hindering and plant.
When seed enters the porch of protecting kind of district by filling kind of district, unnecessary seed is not forced to constraint in the annular groove, plant easy clearly and injuring-free seed, but because interseminal interaction, also seed populated in the annular groove groove may be taken away, cause Lou kind of phenomenon, a side is fixed with link on the seed wheel described in the utility model for this reason, setting-up eccentricity formula dither on the link, opposite side is fixed with conductive plate and insulation board, be fixed with the slidding carbon brush that contacts with conductive plate on the seeder unit shell, can be used for inserting power supply, dither adopts DC micromotor to drive.Adopt this structure, in the seeding process, can produce disturbance, improve to fill and plant and the clear effect of planting, and protecting kind of the tactic continuous seed flow of district's formation seed.
In order further to guarantee the perturbation action of vibration, to improve to fill kind and the clear effect of planting to seed in the annular groove, be connected by adjustable bolt, spring between described seeder unit shell and the frame, be connected by the sealing shroud that is flexible coupling between kind case and the seed inlet.
Between the seed wheel of seeder unit shell top and seed inlet below formed fill kind of district be with the seed wheel be the center of circle, central angle alpha be 40 °～45 ° with interior scope, fill in kind of the district seeder unit shell side elevation along seed wheel rotation direction one side for scraping kind of a face, the angle γ that scrapes kind of face and seeder unit shell circumferential inner wall tangential direction is 90 °～100 °, the wound kind phenomenon that causes owing to the acute angle effect in the time of can avoiding planting clearly; Sowing port is positioned in rotational direction lag behind 20 ° position of seeder unit shell bottom minimum point, be convenient to seed flow be controlled by the seed wheel rotating speed, the seeding district be with the seed wheel be the center of circle, central angle β be 30 °～35 ° with interior scope.This version helps seed flow systematic arrangement and not producing in protecting kind of district and is interrupted and gravity flow, realizes the effective control to the seeding process.
Influence seed-metering performance in order to guarantee seed in protecting kind of process, can in annular groove, catching phenomenon not take place, the width of annular groove and depth dimensions are the maximum sized 1.2-1.4 of seed times on the seed wheel, angle δ between the annular groove two sides is 20 °, and annular groove section configuration and size can require according to the seeding of different seeds to determine.
Described sowing port below be provided with seed wheel on annular groove position discharging tube one to one, discharging tube can play drainage to the seed in the different annular grooves when discharging, guarantee that sowing is evenly.
For in actual applications effect after further proof seeding unit described in the utility model is succeeded in developing, through national operating machinery on farm and the check of machine-processed small farm tools quality supervision and test center, concrete outcome is as follows:
| Sequence number | Interventions Requested | Standard, regulation | Assay | Individual event is judged |
| 1 | Each row discharge capacity-causing property coefficient of variation % | ≤5.2 | 0.7 | + |
| 2 | Total displacement stability coefficient of variation % | ≤2.6 | 1.2 | + |
| 3 | The sowing depth qualification rate | ≥75 | 88 | + |
| 4 | The seed percentage of damage | / | 0.1 | / |
| 5 | Seeding uniformity coefficient of variation % | / | 22 | / |
Remarks: individual event judges that "+" expression individual event assay is qualified in the hurdle; JB/T6274.1-2001 " grain seeder technical conditions " does not require seed percentage of damage, the seeding uniformity coefficient of variation index of millet.
Compared with prior art, the mode that the utility model takes to concentrate seeding can realize " a device multirow ", and a seeding unit can be finished the multi-row seeding operation simultaneously, by the precision-fit of seed wheel and annular groove and seeder unit shell, formation is filled kind of a district, is protected kind of a district and a seeding district; Dither is installed on the seed wheel, and seed is produced disturbance, has improved greatly to fill and has planted and clear kind effect, and form tactic continuous seed flow in protecting kind of district; The seed wheel rotating speed can be controlled the seeding process effectively, reaches the effect of drilling and half Precision Seeding; By changing the different seed wheel of annular groove section configuration, not only can adapt to the defective ejaculation amount seeding of fine grain crops such as grass-seed, millet, clover, broom corn millet, vegetable seed, also applicable to the seeding requirement of big slightly seed crop seeds such as wheat, beans, Chinese sorghum, corn, help reducing equipment cost and increasing operation rate, and delicate structure, simple, can alleviate the weight of whole sower, seeding is even, the amount of broadcasting is stable, and versatility is good, has good popularizing application prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of seeder unit shell among Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of seed wheel among Fig. 1
Fig. 5 is the fundamental diagram of the utility model seeding unit
Among the figure: 1-frame, 2-kind case, 3-seeder unit shell, 4-seed inlet, the 5-sowing port, 6-rolling bearing, 7-feed shaft, 8-seed wheel, the 9-annular groove, 10-discharging tube, 11-link, 12-eccentric type dither, the 13-conductive plate, 14-insulation board, 15-carbon brush, 16-adjustable bolt, 17-spring, the 18-sealing shroud that is flexible coupling, 19-scrapes kind of a face, 20-flow control board, 21-DC micromotor.
Embodiment
Circular groove type dither seed metering device, as shown in Figure 1, comprise frame 1, be fixed in the kind case 2 of frame top, plant case 2 bottoms flow control board 20 is set, frame 1 below is provided with seeder unit shell 3, be connected by adjustable bolt 16, spring 17 between seeder unit shell 3 and the frame 1, be connected by the sealing shroud 18 that is flexible coupling between kind of case 2 and the seed inlet 4, seeder unit shell 3 tops have and plant the corresponding seed inlet 4 in case 2 blanking port positions, the bottom has a sowing port 5, and seeder unit shell 3 middle parts are run through setting and are bearing in feed shaft 7 on the housing by rolling bearing 6; Also be provided with in the seeder unit shell 3 with its precision-fit and with the seed wheel 8 of feed shaft 7 assemblings, seeder unit shell 3 is 0.10mm with the fit clearance of seed wheel 8; Seed wheel 8 outer surfaces have annular groove 9 uniformly at intervals, sowing port 5 belows be provided with seed wheel 8 on annular groove position discharging tube 10 one to one; Seed wheel 8 one sides are fixed with link 11, and eccentric type dither 12 is installed on the link, and operating frequency is 2400～3000Hz, adopt DC micromotor 21 to drive; Seed wheel 8 opposite sides are fixed with conductive plate 13 and insulation board 14, are fixed with the slidding carbon brush 15 that contacts with conductive plate 13 on the seeder unit shell 3.
The utility model in the specific implementation, shown in Fig. 2,3, the seeder unit shell internal diameter is 140mm, between the seed wheel 8 of seeder unit shell 3 tops and seed inlet 4 belows formed fill kind of district be with the seed wheel be the center of circle, central angle alpha the best be 42 ° with interior scope, seed inlet is a rectangular cross section, fill in kind of the district seeder unit shell side elevation along seed wheel 8 rotation directions one side for scraping kind of face 21, the angle γ the best of scraping kind of face 21 and seeder unit shell 3 circumferential inner wall tangential directions is 95 °; Sowing port 5 is positioned in rotational direction lag behind 20 ° position of seeder unit shell bottom minimum point, and section is rectangular, the seeding district be with seed wheel 8 be the center of circle, central angle β the best be 32 ° with interior scope.In addition, in order further to optimize the seeding unit structure, easy for removal and installation, described seeding unit one sidewall is the movable sealing cover plate.
As shown in Figure 4, the seed wheel external diameter is 140mm, consider to change and with the requirement that cooperates of seeder unit shell, adopt module design principle, the position dimension of all installation dimensions, fit dimension and annular groove is all consistent, different seed wheel annular groove cross dimensions are also different, according to the seeding requirement, the annular groove spacing all is made as 16mm, first annular groove apart from the left side apart from 20mm, guarantee the uniformity of each annular groove vibration parameters, satisfy the conforming requirement of each row discharge capacity.The width of annular groove 9 and depth dimensions are the maximum sized 1.2-1.4 of seed times on the seed wheel 8, and the angle δ between annular groove 9 two sides is 20 °, and when being millet such as sow, the width of annular groove is 3.5mm, and the degree of depth is 3.5mm; When broadcasting corn, the width of annular groove is 15mm, and the degree of depth is 15mm; When broadcasting wheat, the width 8mm of annular groove, the degree of depth is 8mm.
As shown in Figure 5, reflect the operation principle and the process of circular groove type dither seed metering device, be stored in the seed in kind of the case, by flexibly connecting sealing shroud, enter the grain weight that seeding unit fills kind of district by flow control board control, under gravity and vibration force effect, be filled in the annular groove of seed wheel.When seed wheel rotates, seed is brought into plants mouth clearly, by scraping the relative motion of kind of face and seed wheel, wipe seed unnecessary in the annular groove off, stay seed in the groove and then enter and protect kind of a district, the rotation systematic arrangement along with seed wheel progressively arrives sowing port, and enter discharging tube in turn respectively, finish the seeding process.
Seed wheel is driven by chain drive by walking ground wheel, counterclockwise rotates, with control amount of seed metering and seeding process.Simultaneously, be fixed on the eccentric type dither on the seed wheel, provide power supply by conductive plate, carbon brush, produce dither, assist to finish to fill and plant and clear kind process by tractor generators and storage battery.
Claims (7)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200820106395 CN201298995Y (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | Annular groove type high-frequency vibration seeding machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200820106395 CN201298995Y (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | Annular groove type high-frequency vibration seeding machine |
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| CN201298995Y true CN201298995Y (en) | 2009-09-02 |
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| CN 200820106395 Expired - Fee Related CN201298995Y (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | Annular groove type high-frequency vibration seeding machine |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101411261B (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2012-04-25 | 山西农业大学 | Circular groove type dither seed metering device |
| CN102598923A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-07-25 | 华中农业大学 | Internal inflation blow type compatible precision seed sowing device for rape and wheat |
| CN110100541A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-09 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of wheeled concentration dispenser of corn wooden dipper shape type hole |
| CN113973550A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-01-28 | 东北农业大学 | Vibration disturbance seed filling precision seed sowing device |
| CN114009188A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-08 | 安徽农业大学 | Inverted fin-shaped hole wheel type multi-material dual-purpose variable seed supply device |
-
2008
- 2008-10-27 CN CN 200820106395 patent/CN201298995Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101411261B (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2012-04-25 | 山西农业大学 | Circular groove type dither seed metering device |
| CN102598923A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-07-25 | 华中农业大学 | Internal inflation blow type compatible precision seed sowing device for rape and wheat |
| CN110100541A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-09 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of wheeled concentration dispenser of corn wooden dipper shape type hole |
| CN110100541B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2023-12-22 | 四川农业大学 | Corn ladle-shaped hole wheel type centralized seed metering device |
| CN113973550A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-01-28 | 东北农业大学 | Vibration disturbance seed filling precision seed sowing device |
| CN114009188A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-08 | 安徽农业大学 | Inverted fin-shaped hole wheel type multi-material dual-purpose variable seed supply device |
| CN114009188B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-11-15 | 安徽农业大学 | Inverted fin-shaped hole wheel type multi-material dual-purpose variable seed supply device |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090902 Termination date: 20101027 |