CN201295638Y - High gradient magnetic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-gradient magnetic separator, including a separation ring and its driving device, an ore feeding device, a concentrate unloading device and a concentrate collection device, wherein the separation ring includes a swivel ring, a magnetic gathering medium stack, an upper yoke, an upper Magnets, lower yokes, lower magnets, left yokes, right yokes, and charging and demagnetizing devices that can charge and demagnetize the upper and lower magnets respectively are composed of electromagnetic coils and excitation power supplies. Because the utility model cleverly combines the permanent magnet and the excitation power supply to form the background magnetic field of the magnetic separator, the upper magnet and the lower magnet can be magnetized conveniently according to the required value of the background magnetic field during work, and then the excitation power supply can be removed. To effectively sort the minerals, and demagnetize the upper and lower magnets during equipment assembly and maintenance to effectively solve the problem of magnetic blockage. It can not only greatly reduce the energy consumption of the high gradient magnetic separator, but also fully guarantee the convenience of maintenance in actual production.

Description

A high gradient magnetic separator

technical field

The utility model relates to a magnetic separator for ore dressing, in particular to a high-gradient magnetic separator.

Background technique

The proposal of high gradient magnetic separation theory has brought a qualitative leap to the field of magnetic separation, increasing the types of minerals that can be magnetically separated, and widening the upper and lower limits of particle size. Early high-gradient magnetic separators are periodic, also known as magnetic filters, and this type of equipment is widely used in occasions with extremely low magnetic content and very fine particle size. The continuous high gradient magnetic separators that appeared immediately include electromagnetic flat ring strong magnetic high gradient magnetic separators, permanent magnet and electromagnetic double vertical ring high gradient magnetic separators. Electromagnetic flat-ring high-gradient magnetic separator is easy to cause mechanical blockage because the ore feeding and cleaning water directions are the same. Permanent magnetic vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separator is very easy to form strong magnetic minerals, especially iron filings, at the ore feeding port. Magnetic blockage occurs due to accumulation. Electromagnetic vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separation is not easy to cause mechanical blockage due to the opposite flow direction of the ore and concentrate flushing water in the medium stack, and because it is electromagnetic, when the excitation current does not exist , Strong magnetic minerals and iron filings are easy to fall off at the mine mouth, and magnetic blockage is not easy to occur. In order to reduce the inclusion of non-magnetic substances in the magnetic products, vibration and pulsating high-gradient magnetic separators have appeared, such as a pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator disclosed in Chinese patent 86106144.6, which can make the enrichment ratio of recycled materials have a certain Increased, while reducing mechanical clogging due to the pulsating action of the water.

Chinese patent 02114994.1 discloses a dual-frequency vertical ring pulse high-gradient magnetic separator, which uses a unique dual-pulse device, which can generate magnetic forces in different sections of the separation space of the magnetic separator according to the fluid dynamics generated by the pulp pulsation and the magnetic force generated by the magnetic field. The difference in the force of different mineral particle groups makes them be effectively separated. The dual-pulse device can take into account the concentrate quality and metal recovery rate. It can not only obtain high-grade concentrate, but also reduce the grade of tailings to a certain extent. At the same time, it can also produce some middle ore. This equipment is especially suitable for processing Ore composed of various minerals.

To sum up, in all these vertical ring high gradient magnetic separators, the background magnetic field is provided either by permanent magnets or by electromagnetism. The high-gradient magnetic separator that provides the background magnetic field by permanent magnets cannot solve the problem of magnetic blockage. Although the high-gradient magnetic separator that provides the background magnetic field by electromagnetism can overcome the problem of magnetic blockage, it needs to continuously consume a large amount of electromagnetic field to provide a certain intensity background. of electric energy.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, to provide a high gradient that can effectively solve the problem of magnetic blockage and conveniently adjust the magnetic field strength, ensure convenient maintenance in actual production, and greatly reduce energy consumption. magnetic separator.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A high-gradient magnetic separator, including a sorting ring and its driving device, an ore feeding device, a concentrate unloading device and a concentrate collecting device, wherein the sorting ring includes a swivel ring and a stack of magnetic gathering media mounted on the swivel ring 1. The upper yoke, upper magnet, lower yoke, and lower magnet located inside and outside the swivel are characterized in that they also include a charging and demagnetizing device installed under the swivel that can respectively charge and demagnetize the upper magnet and the lower magnet. , the charging and demagnetizing device includes an electromagnetic coil located below the swivel close to the upper magnet and the lower magnet and an excitation power supply connected to the electromagnetic coil.

The utility model cleverly combines the permanent magnet and the excitation power supply to form the background magnetic field of the magnetic separator, and scientifically utilizes the principle of charging and demagnetizing the hard (strong) magnetic material (called magnet) in electromagnetism, that is, the magnetic induction of the hard magnetic material The strength can be set and controlled by the magnetizing device through parameters within a certain range. When the magnetic field intensity reaches the desired value, the magnetizing power supply can be stopped, and only the residual magnetism of the hard magnetic material provides the background magnetic induction intensity required by the magnetic separator for mineral processing. When the equipment needs maintenance and testing, the parameters of the charging and demagnetizing power supply can be controlled to make the residual magnetism of the hard magnetic material disappear. Therefore, during work, it is convenient to magnetize the upper magnet and the lower magnet according to the required value of the background magnetic field, and then remove the excitation power supply to effectively sort the minerals. The magnet and the lower magnet are demagnetized to effectively solve the problem of magnetic blockage. It can not only greatly reduce the energy consumption of the high gradient magnetic separator, but also fully guarantee the convenience of maintenance in actual production. At the same time, the charged and demagnetized coil does not need to be cooled because it is energized instantaneously, which can greatly increase its service life and greatly reduce its maintenance costs.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe in detail the basic composition and working principle of the utility model:

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a side sectional structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hysteresis loop of a ferromagnetic substance;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a normal magnetization curve of a strong magnet.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 2, a high-gradient magnetic separator described in the utility model includes a separation ring and its driving device, an ore feeding device 7, a concentrate gas-water unloading device and a concentrate collecting device 8, Wherein the sorting ring comprises a swivel 5 and a magnetic gathering medium stack 2 installed on the swivel 5, an upper yoke 3 positioned inside and outside the swivel 5, an upper magnet 31, a lower yoke 4, a lower magnet 41, and an upper magnet 31 corresponds to the lower magnet 41, and its characteristic is that it also includes a charging and demagnetizing device installed under the swivel ring that can respectively charge and demagnetize the upper magnet 31 and the lower magnet 41. The electromagnetic coil 11 of the magnet 31 and the lower magnet 41 and the excitation power supply 12 connected to the electromagnetic coil 11 . Among them, the swivel ring 5 is a vertical double-ring structure, and a turntable connecting the double rings as a whole is arranged between the rings. A shaft sleeve with bearings is arranged in the turntable. The medium pile is fixed in the corresponding space, and the above-mentioned magnetic gathering medium pile 2 is a rod medium, and the rod medium is fixed on a stainless steel sheet by thousands of magnetically conductive stainless steel round rods according to certain rules. The stick media is detachable for cleaning, and the media can be reused. The magnetic-gathering medium is made of materials with good magnetic permeability. In the magnetic field, the magnetic-gathering medium can gather magnetic field lines, so a magnetic field with a high gradient can be formed on its surface. The magnetic field force is proportional to the magnetic field strength and magnetic field gradient. . In the magnetic field, the surface of the magnetic gathering medium can form a high magnetic field force, which can recover minerals with very weak magnetic properties. The larger the surface curvature of the magnetic gathering medium, the higher the magnetic field gradient, and the better the recovery effect of fine-grained weak magnetic minerals.

Working process and principle of the present utility model are as follows:

As we all know, in a magnetic field, the relationship between the magnetic induction intensity and the magnetization field strength of a ferromagnet (strong magnetic substance) can be expressed by a curve. This closed line is called the hysteresis loop.

Fig. 3 shows the curve of the hysteresis phenomenon of the ferromagnetic substance. Generally speaking, the magnetization or magnetic induction M of a ferromagnetic substance such as a ferromagnet is not a single-valued function of the magnetization field strength H but depends on the history of the magnetic state it has experienced. Taking the magnetic neutral state (H=M=B=0) as the initial state, when the magnetic state is magnetized to the vicinity of point C along the initial magnetization curve 0ABC (as shown in Figure 3), the magnetization intensity tends to be saturated at this time, and the curve is almost parallel to the H axis. The magnetic field intensity at this time is denoted as Hs, and the magnetization intensity is denoted as Ms. Afterwards, if the magnetic field is reduced, starting from a certain magnetic field (point B), the change of M with H deviates from the original initial magnetization curve, and the change of M lags behind that of H. When H decreases to zero, M does not decrease to zero but is equal to the residual magnetization Mr. In order to reduce M to zero, it is necessary to add a reverse magnetic field, which is called coercive force. When the reverse magnetic field continues to increase to -Hs, the M of the strong magnet will be magnetized in the opposite direction to tend to saturation -Ms, and when the reverse magnetic field decreases and reverses again, another branch that deviates from the reverse direction will be obtained according to a similar law. The curve of the initial magnetization curve. Therefore, when the magnetic field changes from Hs to -Hs, and then from -Hs to Hs, the magnetic state of the strong magnet will be described by the closed loop CBDEFEGBC, where BC and EF correspond to reversible magnetization, and M is a single-valued function of H. And BDEGB is a hysteresis loop. On this loop, the same H can have two M values, depending on the history of the magnetic state. This is caused by an irreversible magnetization process. If the magnetization is repeated between ±Hm less than Hs, a smaller hysteresis loop as shown in Figure 4 is obtained, which is called a small hysteresis loop or a local hysteresis loop. Corresponding to different Hm, there may be different small loops. The above-mentioned BDEGB is the largest among them. It is called the limit hysteresis loop. When H is greater than the maximum magnetic field strength Hs of the limit loop, the magnetization is basically reversible; when H is smaller than this value, M is a multi-valued function of H.

When the charging and demagnetizing device composed of the excitation power supply 12 and the electromagnetic coil 11 magnetizes and removes the current from the magnetic circuit composed of the magnetic accumulation medium stack, the upper magnetic yoke, the upper magnet, the lower magnetic yoke, the lower magnet, the left magnetic yoke and the right magnetic yoke Afterwards, because upper magnet 31 and lower iron 41 are processed by hard magnetic material and there is residual magnetism, this residual magnetism is piled 2, upper magnetic yoke 3, upper magnet 31, lower magnetic yoke 4, lower The magnetic circuit formed by the magnet 41 , the left magnetic yoke and the right magnetic yoke generates a certain intensity of magnetic induction. The surface of the magnetic gathering medium stack 2 can form a very high magnetic field force. The sorting ring rotates counterclockwise, and its lower part passes through the arc-shaped sorting space formed by the upper magnet 31 and the lower magnet 41, and each sorting chamber on the sorting ring is full of magnetic-gathering medium piles.

When the ore pulp enters the sorting space evenly and slowly from the feeding hopper 7, due to the action of the magnetic field, the magnetic mineral particles are attracted to the surface of the magnetic gathering medium, and are firmly attracted to the surface of the magnetic gathering medium to continue to rotate with the sorting ring. Gradually leave the magnetic field and enter the magnetic product unloading area. Since the magnetic field is very weak in this area, the magnetic product is washed off the surface of the magnetic gathering medium with the concentrated ore flushing water filtered by the flushing water filter and compressed air and enters the concentrate hopper 8 , which is a magnetic product. Thus, the particle groups with different magnetic properties can be effectively separated.

When the equipment is assembled and maintained, the upper magnet 31 and the lower magnet 41 are demagnetized by the charging and demagnetizing device composed of the excitation power supply 12 and the electromagnetic coil 11, so that the residual magnetism of the upper magnet 31 and the lower magnet 41 disappears. There is no magnetic induction in the magnetic circuit formed by stack 2, upper yoke 3, upper magnet 31, lower yoke 4, lower magnet 41, left yoke 32, and right yoke 42, and the equipment assembly and daily maintenance are both easy and safe.

Claims (2)

1. A high-gradient magnetic separator, comprising a separation ring and its driving device, an ore feeding device (7), a concentrate unloading device (6) and a concentrate collection device (8), wherein the separation ring includes a swivel (5) and the magnetic gathering medium stack (2) installed on the swivel (5), the upper yoke (3) located inside and outside the swivel (5), the upper magnet (31), and the lower yoke (4) , the lower magnet (41), is characterized in that it also includes a device for charging and demagnetizing the upper magnet (31) and the lower magnet (41) respectively, which are installed below the swivel ring, and the charging and demagnetizing device includes a device located at the swivel ring Below, the electromagnetic coil (11) close to the upper magnet (31) and the lower magnet (41) and the excitation power supply (12) connected with the electromagnetic coil. 2. The high gradient magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper magnet and the lower magnet correspond to each other.

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