CN201282679Y - Multifunctional tree felling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a multifunctional forest felling machine, which includes: a power system, a driver's cab assembly, a mechanical arm system, a hydraulic system, a logging head combination system, a chassis assembly and a control system; wherein, the power System, cab assembly, mechanical arm system and hydraulic system are all distributed on the chassis assembly, the power output of the power system drives the wheels set on the chassis assembly through the transmission device of the chassis; the front end of the mechanical arm system is set The felling head assembly system, the hydraulic system is connected to and drives the mechanical arm system and the felling head assembly system on it through pipelines, and the control system is arranged in the cab and connected to each operating system through pipelines. The harvester integrates multiple functions of logging, branching, lumber making, tip cutting, corrugating, and loading into one. It has the advantages of high work efficiency, safety, manpower saving, and little ecological damage to forest trees and woodlands.

Description

multifunctional forest harvester

technical field

The utility model relates to a felling equipment, in particular to a multi-functional tree felling machine for man-made forest or natural woodland operation.

Background technique

At the beginning of this century in my country, a large number of plantations of the same age will become the main timber forests. Relying on traditional artificial tending and harvesting techniques cannot meet the needs of modern forestry production, and future forestry production will also change from labor-intensive to technology-intensive in order to increase the production efficiency per unit of labor. In addition, the tending of artificial forests is also seasonal. Weeding, thinning, pruning and emergency pest control and transportation must be completed in the best season. Mechanization must be used to improve efficiency. Manpower cannot complete related operations with high quality and efficiency, and mechanized equipment is needed to achieve safe and efficient operations.

However, most of the existing forestry machinery has a single function and can only complete a single forestry operation, such as a logging machine, a transporter, etc., and cannot provide multiple functions conveniently by one device. A variety of mechanical equipment, not only the work efficiency is not high, but too much equipment also brings inconvenience to the transportation, and more or less causes damage and damage to the forestland ecology. Therefore, providing a multifunctional forestland operation machine can It is the main trend of future development and application of forestry machinery to concentrate on completing a variety of forestry operations, to enable forestry workers to work safely and efficiently, and to reduce ecological damage to trees and forestland.

Utility model content

The embodiment of the utility model provides a multi-functional forest felling machine, which integrates various forest land operation functions such as logging, branching, lumber making, tip cutting, corrugating, and loading into one, and can perform efficient and fast forest harvesting in the forest land. Logging operations.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

The embodiment of the utility model provides a multifunctional forest felling machine, which includes: a power system, a cab assembly, a mechanical arm system, a hydraulic system, a logging head assembly system, a chassis assembly and a control system; wherein, the power system , the cab assembly, the mechanical arm system and the hydraulic system are all distributed on the chassis assembly, and the power output of the power system drives the wheels set on the chassis assembly through the transmission device of the chassis; the front end of the mechanical arm system is set Head combination system, the hydraulic system is connected to and drives the mechanical arm system and the logging head combination system on it through pipelines, and the control system is arranged in the cab and connected to each operating system through pipelines.

The harvester also includes: a lighting device arranged on the cab assembly, the lighting device corresponds to the mechanical arm system and the felling head combination system arranged on it.

The harvester also includes: an air conditioning system arranged in the cab of the cab assembly.

The chassis assembly is a fully hydraulically driven chassis assembly, including two parts, a front axle and a rear axle, and the two parts are a hydraulically controlled folding steering structure articulated in the middle.

The front and rear axles are respectively driven by a front hydraulic motor and a rear hydraulic motor, or driven by a hydraulic motor after power transmission and distribution through a hydraulic torque converter box and a gear reduction box.

After the front hydraulic motor of the driving front axle part is connected to the variable pump of the power system through a transfer case, one output of the hydraulic oil of the variable pump is connected; the rear hydraulic motor of the driving front axle part is connected to the other output of the hydraulic oil of the variable pump. One output connection.

The mechanical arm system includes: a hydraulic rotary support base, a boom, a small arm, and a telescopic arm, wherein the hydraulic rotary support base is arranged on the chassis assembly, and one end of the hydraulic rotary support base is connected to the boom The forearm is connected to the other end of the boom, and the front end of the forearm is provided with a telescopic arm; the hydraulic rotating support base, the boom, the forearm, and the telescopic arm are all equipped with hydraulic control devices for controlling the movement of the mechanical arm.

The hydraulic rotary support base includes: a rotary oil cylinder, a rack, a column and a gear, wherein the rotary oil cylinder is connected to the rack, the rack meshes with a gear arranged on the column, and one end of the column is connected to the large The connecting end of the arm.

The felling head combination device includes:

Hydraulic swing motor, suspension bracket, suspension cylinder, logging head control system and cutter assembly; wherein, the hydraulic swing motor is connected with the logging head control system through the suspension bracket and suspension cylinder, and the cutter assembly is arranged on the logging head On the control shaft of the control system, a plurality of sensors arranged in the tool assembly are electrically connected to the logging head control system through cables; the logging head control system is connected to the hydraulic system and the control system in the cab through hydraulic pipelines and cables respectively. connect.

The tool assembly includes:

The main branch cutting tool, the main gripper, the driving roller, the driving roller motor, the chain saw combination and the chain saw guard; wherein, the main branch cutting tool, the main grab, the driving roller and the chain saw combination are arranged in the corresponding On the control shaft, a chainsaw guard is arranged outside the chainsaw combination; the driving roller motor is arranged correspondingly to the driving roller, and is connected with the driving roller.

It can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention that the embodiments of the present invention cooperate with the hydraulically driven mechanical arm system and the upper felling head combination system, and utilize the cooperation mode of hydraulic control and automatic control , so that the harvester realizes the functions of logging, lumbering, timber making, tip cutting, corrugation, and loading, and the power system drives the wheels set on the chassis assembly through the transmission device, so that the harvester has Good passability, small surface destructive force, little impact on forest vegetation, and effectively protect the biodiversity of forest land. The single-machine operation of this harvester has strong adaptability to the terrain of the felling area, and is very suitable for the requirements of efficient, fast and high-density harvesting operations in plantation forests. Moreover, it has high production efficiency, single-person operation, saves manpower, greatly improves the utilization rate of wood, can provide workers with a safe and comfortable working environment, and has little damage to trees and forest land, which is in line with the current development status and prospects of my country's artificial forest areas.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall assembly schematic diagram of the harvester of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the mechanical arm structure schematic diagram of the harvester of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 3 is the top view diagram of the mechanical arm of the harvester of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the felling head combination system of the harvester of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the structure of the felling head combination system of the harvester according to the embodiment of the present invention;

In Figure 1: 1. Power system; 2. Cab assembly; 3. Air conditioning system; 4. Vehicle control system; 5. Working lighting system; 6. Hydraulic cooling system; 7. Mechanical arm system; 8. Logging head Combined system; 9. Full hydraulic drive chassis system; 10. Hydraulic and pump system;

In Fig. 2: 21. forearm; 22. telescopic arm; 23. big arm; 24. hydraulic rotating support base;

Among Fig. 4 and Fig. 5: 31. hydraulic swing motor; 32. suspension bracket; 33. valve wood control system; 34. main gripper; 35. drive roller; 36. chainsaw shield; .Hanging oil cylinder; 39. Driving roller motor; 310. Transport pendant; 311. Chain saw combination.

Detailed ways

The embodiment of the utility model provides a multi-functional forest felling machine, which is a kind of logging, branching, timber making, tip cutting, corrugating, loading and other functions in one, suitable for various forest operations, especially suitable for artificial Forest harvester, the harvester specifically includes: power system, cab assembly, mechanical arm system, hydraulic system, logging head combination system, chassis assembly and control system; among them, the power system, cab assembly, mechanical arm The system and the hydraulic system are both distributed on the chassis assembly, and the power output of the power system drives the wheels on the chassis assembly through the transmission device of the chassis; The pipeline is connected to the mechanical arm system and the felling head combination system on it, and drives the mechanical arm system and the felling head combination system on it to work. The control system is arranged in the cab and connected to each operating system through pipelines.

The harvester can be used to complete a variety of woodland felling operations, and has the advantages of little ecological damage to the forest land, making the harvesting work safe and efficient.

For ease of understanding, the harvester of the present utility model will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment one

The embodiment of the utility model provides a forest felling machine that integrates multiple functions of felling, branching, lumbering, tip cutting, corrugating, and loading. As shown in Figure 1, the felling machine specifically includes:

Power system, cab assembly, robotic arm system, hydraulic system, logging head combination system, chassis assembly and control system; among them, the power system, cab assembly, robotic arm system and hydraulic system are all distributed in the chassis assembly Above, the power output of the power system drives the wheels on the chassis assembly through the transmission device of the chassis; The combined system of the felling head is connected to drive the mechanical arm system and the combined system of the felling head on it to work. The control system is arranged in the cab and connected to each operating system through pipelines.

The harvester mentioned above may also include: a lighting device and an air-conditioning system. The lighting device is arranged on the cab assembly. Under certain conditions, provide corresponding lighting for the operation; the air-conditioning system is installed in the cab of the cab assembly to provide operators with a comfortable working environment.

In the harvester mentioned above, the chassis assembly is a fully hydraulically driven chassis assembly, including two parts, the front and rear axles. Driven by a front hydraulic motor and a rear hydraulic motor, or a hydraulic motor transmits and distributes the power through a hydraulic torque converter box and a gear reduction box for driving. If there are two driving motors, after the front hydraulic motor and the power system are connected to the variable pump through a transfer case, one output of the hydraulic oil of the variable pump is connected; the other output of the hydraulic oil of the variable pump of the rear hydraulic motor output connection.

In the harvester above, the mechanical arm system includes: a hydraulic rotating support base, a boom, a small arm, and a telescopic arm, wherein the hydraulic rotating supporting base is arranged on the chassis assembly, and the hydraulic rotating supporting base One end of the forearm is connected with the boom, the forearm is connected with the other end of the boom, and the telescopic arm is arranged at the front end of the forearm; the hydraulic rotating support base, the boom, the forearm and the telescopic arm are all equipped with A hydraulic control device for controlling the movement of the mechanical arm; wherein, the hydraulic rotary support base includes: a rotary cylinder, a rack, a column and a gear, wherein the rotary cylinder is connected to the rack, and the rack is connected to the gear on the column Engagement, one end of the upright column is the connecting end connecting the boom.

The felling head combination device includes: a hydraulic swing motor, a suspension bracket, a suspension cylinder, a felling head control system and a cutter assembly; wherein, the hydraulic swing motor is connected to the felling head control system through a suspension bracket and a suspension cylinder, The cutter assembly is arranged on the power output end of the logging head control system, and multiple sensors arranged in the cutter assembly are connected with the logging head control system through cables; the logging head control system is respectively connected with the logging head through hydraulic pipelines and cables. The hydraulic system of the machine and the control system in the cab are connected; wherein, the cutter assembly includes: the main branch cutter, the main gripper, the driving roller, the driving roller motor, the chain saw combination and the chain saw guard; wherein, The combination of the main branch cutting tool, the main gripper, the two opposite driving rollers and the chainsaw are sequentially arranged on the corresponding power output end of the logging head control system; the driving roller motor is arranged behind the two driving rollers and connected with them, driving Two driving rollers arranged oppositely work.

In practice, the multi-functional tree harvester is shown in Figure 1, which consists of a power system 1, a cab assembly 2, an air conditioning system 3, a control system 4, an operating lighting system 5, a hydraulic cooling system 6, and a mechanical arm system 7 , felling head combination system 8, full hydraulic drive chassis assembly 9, and hydraulic pump system 10; wherein, the power system 1, cab assembly 2 is connected to the rear of the full hydraulic drive chassis assembly 9, and the operation lighting system 5 and The air conditioning system 3 is connected to the cab assembly 2, the mechanical arm system 7 and the hydraulic cooling system 6 are connected to the front of the full hydraulic drive chassis assembly 9, the logging head assembly system 8 is connected to the front end of the mechanical arm system 7, and the control system 4 is arranged in The cab is connected to each operating system through pipelines, and the hydraulic pump system 10 is arranged at the rear of the chassis to connect with each operating system through hydraulic pipelines.

Among them, the fully hydraulically driven chassis assembly 9, the hydraulically driven mechanical arm system 7, the felling head assembly system 8 and the control system 4 are the four main components of the harvester to complete the main functions of the harvester.

In the harvester mentioned above, the full hydraulic drive chassis is composed of a front axle part and a rear axle part. The two parts are connected by a middle hinge, and the hydraulic control is used to turn the waist. , the power is transmitted and distributed to the front and rear axles through a hydraulic torque converter box and a gear reduction box), that is, the entire chassis adopts a full hydraulic drive mode, which is composed of a transmission system, a steering system, a brake system and a driving system. The specific power transmission method is: the engine as the power system is connected to the transfer case, the transfer case is connected to the variable pump, and the hydraulic oil of the variable pump is transmitted in two ways, one is connected to the front drive motor, and the other is connected to the rear drive motor. This hydraulic drive method has changed the chassis layout of traditional construction machinery, and has great advantages for driving in forest road networks and logging areas with complex road conditions and surface terrain. Among them, the steering system adopts the double hydraulic cylinder articulated steering system commonly used in construction machinery, which has the characteristics of mature technology, reliable performance and small turning radius. The brake system adopts hydraulic brake, and a wet full-disc brake device is installed on each wheel, which can realize the braking conversion of the whole vehicle when it is stationary and the operation requirements, and a manual parking brake is also installed. See Attached Table 1 for specific technical parameters of each component in the chassis assembly.

The felling operation is mainly composed of two parts of movement: the mechanical arm system sends the logging head to the designated position to cut trees, and drags the felled trees back to the designated place for timber production. The first movement is difficult to control, while the second The two movements can be easily controlled as long as a reasonable mechanical arm system structure is designed.

In order to ensure the controllability, accuracy and energy saving of the movement, the reasonable size of the mechanical arm system can be designed according to the needs of the actual application of the woodland, and in order to ensure the needs of the movement of the harvesting operation and the difficulties mentioned above, the actual The mechanical arm system 7 structure of the felling machine shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 is specifically composed of a hydraulic rotating support base 24, a large arm 23, a small arm 21, and a telescopic arm 22, and is powered by a hydraulic system to control the mechanical arm system. The principle of movement is: the rotary cylinder pushes the rack to drive the gear on the column, thereby driving the rotation of the entire mechanical arm system to achieve the purpose of left and right harvesting of the mechanical arm system. The expansion and contraction of the main oil cylinder drives the up and down movement of the mechanical arm system, and the expansion and contraction of the auxiliary oil cylinder drives the forward and backward movement of the mechanical arm system. Under different harvesting requirements, it is supplemented by the telescopic oil cylinder and the push-back oil cylinder to meet the requirements of control and transportation. The mechanical arm system of this structure is very flexible like a mechanical arm, and can perform various movements of flexion and extension, left and right rotation. It solves the difficulties in the above-mentioned woodland felling operation very well. It can not only send the logging head to the designated place for cutting trees, but also drag the felled trees to the designated place for timber production through simple control.

In the above-mentioned harvester, the felling head combination system 8 is the executive working device of the whole harvester, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, it consists of a hydraulic swing motor 31, a suspension bracket 32, a suspension cylinder 38, and a felling head control system 33 And cutter assembly constitutes, and wherein, cutter assembly is made up of main gripper 34, driving roller 35, main cutting tool 37, driving roller motor 39, chainsaw combination 311, chainsaw guard 36 and transport pendant 310 etc. The felling head combination system 8 is connected with the hydraulic pump system, multi-way valve group, motor, and hydraulic cylinder that constitute the hydraulic system through hydraulic pipelines, and connected with the control device in the cab through cables. The operator manipulates the control handle to send an operation command. During operation, multiple sensors in the logging head control system 33 transmit the operation data to the industrial computer in the control room in real time, and display it in the liquid crystal display for monitoring and reference by the driver. Under the control of the program, the logging head combination system can complete functions such as logging, felling, branching, and lumber making, and complete most of the logging operations under the entire mechanized operation. The basic process is: the mechanical arm drives the logging head to the bottom of the target tree ground, the main gripper and the driving roller hug the log, the chain saw combined with the chain saw cuts the log, and the mechanical arm puts the log down to the designated position When the main gripper is released, the log is driven by the driving roller to move in the combined system of the logging head. After the log moves a specified distance, the movement stops, and the chain saw cuts the log for lumber. At the same time as the log moves, the main cutting tool is knocked branches, until the final completion of the material stacking operation.

To sum up, the multi-functional tree felling machine in the embodiment of the utility model is a high-performance forestry engineering machinery that realizes the automation, mechanization and intensification of forestry harvesting operations. The harvester can complete most of the forestry harvesting through a single operation. Processes, such as felling, lumbering, lumber making, cutting, corrugating, loading, etc., only need one operator to operate through the advanced automatic control system to control the working device, which saves manpower and reduces labor intensity. The safety factor of personnel operation is improved. According to calculations, the efficiency of stand-alone operation is more than 200 times that of manual operation, which effectively reduces the cost of logging operations.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereto, and any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of All changes or replacements should fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A multifunctional forest harvester, characterized in that the harvester includes: a power system, a cab assembly, a mechanical arm system, a hydraulic system, a logging head assembly system, a chassis assembly and a control system; wherein the power system , the cab assembly, the mechanical arm system and the hydraulic system are all distributed on the chassis assembly, and the power output of the power system drives the wheels set on the chassis assembly through the transmission device of the chassis; the front end of the mechanical arm system is set Head combination system, the hydraulic system is connected to and drives the mechanical arm system and the logging head combination system on it through pipelines, and the control system is arranged in the cab and connected to each operating system through pipelines. 2. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the harvester further comprises: a lighting device arranged on the cab assembly, the lighting device is combined with the mechanical arm system and the felling head arranged on it corresponding to the system. 3. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, the harvester further comprises: an air conditioning system arranged in the cab of the cab assembly. 4. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, the chassis assembly is a fully hydraulically driven chassis assembly, including two parts of the front and rear axles, and the two parts are hydraulically controlled folding steering structures articulated in the middle . 5. The harvester according to claim 4, wherein the front and rear axles are respectively driven by a front hydraulic motor and a rear hydraulic motor, or a hydraulic motor is decelerated by a hydraulic torque converter box and gears The box transmits and distributes the power for driving. 6. The harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that, after the front hydraulic motor of the driving front axle part is connected to the power system with the variable pump through a transfer case, one output of the hydraulic oil of the variable pump is connected; The rear hydraulic motor driving the front axle part is connected to another output of the variable pump hydraulic oil. 7. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical arm system comprises: a hydraulic rotary support base, a boom, a small arm, and a telescopic arm, wherein the hydraulic rotary support base is set on the chassis In the assembly, one end of the hydraulic rotating support base is connected to the boom, the forearm is connected to the other end of the boom, and the front end of the forearm is provided with a telescopic arm; the hydraulic rotation support base, the boom, the forearm, the telescopic Each arm is equipped with a hydraulic control device for controlling the movement of the mechanical arm. 8. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic rotating support base comprises: a rotary cylinder, a rack, a column and a gear, wherein the rotary cylinder is connected to the rack, and the rack is connected to the The gears on the upright are engaged, and one end of the upright is a connection end connecting the boom. 9. The harvester of claim 1, wherein the feller head assembly comprises: Hydraulic swing motor, suspension bracket, suspension cylinder, logging head control system and cutter assembly; wherein, the hydraulic swing motor is connected with the logging head control system through the suspension bracket and suspension cylinder, and the cutter assembly is arranged on the logging head On the control shaft of the control system, a plurality of sensors arranged in the tool assembly are electrically connected to the logging head control system through cables; the logging head control system is connected to the hydraulic system and the control system in the cab through hydraulic pipelines and cables respectively. connect. 10. The harvester of claim 1, wherein said cutter assembly comprises: The main branch cutting tool, the main gripper, the driving roller, the driving roller motor, the chain saw combination and the chain saw guard; wherein, the main branch cutting tool, the main grab, the driving roller and the chain saw combination are arranged in the corresponding On the control shaft, a chainsaw guard is arranged outside the chainsaw combination; the driving roller motor is arranged correspondingly to the driving roller, and is connected with the driving roller.

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