CN201284636Y - Circulating foam simulation experiment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a circulatory foam simulation experiment device used for simulating circulation foam drilling in oil and gas drilling. It is composed of base liquid adding system, air supply system, foam heating system, mechanical defoaming device system and chemical defoaming agent adding system. It forms a closed overall experimental system by connecting the base liquid adding system, air supply system, foam heating system, mechanical defoaming device system and chemical defoaming agent adding system, and implements foam recycling. The beneficial effects are: 1. By monitoring the foam quality, half-life, temperature, pressure, density and other parameters at the outlet of the sampler, the foam performance can be quickly adjusted to achieve the purpose of simulating the high temperature and high pressure environment in the well; 2. The simulation experiment device makes full use of chemical The synergistic effect of combined defoaming with machinery overcomes the shortcomings of insufficient defoaming efficiency of the single defoaming method, and is conducive to realizing the recycling of foam.

Description

A recyclable foam simulation experiment device

technical field

The utility model relates to a circulatory foam simulation experiment device used for simulating circulation foam drilling in oil and gas drilling.

Background technique

Foam fluid technology began in the 1950s, and domestic research and application of foam fluid drilling technology began in the 1980s, and field practice was successively obtained in Xinjiang, Shengli, Liaohe, Daqing, Changqing, Sichuan and other oilfields. Foam fluid has a unique structure different from ordinary fluids. Compared with conventional mud drilling, foam drilling has the following significant advantages: 1. Improve the drilling speed and prolong the service life of the drill bit; 2. Low drilling fluid loss can reduce formation damage ; 3. Strong rock-carrying ability, which can effectively remove cuttings at the bottom of the well; 4. Obvious oil and gas display; 5. High viscosity and low hydrostatic column pressure can greatly reduce formation loss. Therefore, foam drilling technology is widely used in low-pressure, low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs and leaky formations. It is one of the most effective methods to realize underbalanced drilling and protect low-pressure oil and gas reservoirs. With the development of new and old oil fields, foam is used as a circulating medium drilling operations will continue to increase.

The current foam drilling technology has problems such as large amount of foam used at one time, and the returned foam is easy to pollute the environment, which not only increases the cost of foam drilling, but also is not conducive to the popularization and application of foam drilling technology. Foam fluid recycling has become a technical problem of common concern at home and abroad. The "bottleneck" problem restricting this technology is that it is difficult to find an effective method to quickly and efficiently eliminate a large amount of foam returning from the wellhead. Currently commonly used defoaming methods include physical defoaming method; mechanical defoaming method; chemical defoaming method and natural defoaming method, and they all have deficiencies in eliminating foam. Physical defoaming cannot handle a large amount of foam and is only suitable for some emergency measures; mechanical defoaming not only requires additional equipment, but also has a low defoaming rate; chemical defoaming method is simple in construction and high in defoaming rate, but consumes a lot of defoaming agent , the cost is high; natural defoaming covers a large area and takes a long time to defoam.

Patent CN200510078221.1 introduces a drilling foam recycling method. The foam returned to the wellhead is directly introduced into the closed circulation system, and the cuttings are removed under the closed condition, and then pressurized by the foam pressurization system to make its pressure reach The required value, and finally make it enter the well manifold to realize recycling. In addition, there is a patent introduction on the use of mechanical defoaming. Since there is no experimental device for indoor simulation of circulating foam drilling, it is of great significance to study the experimental device for indoor simulation of circulating foam drilling for the development of foam drilling technology and to find out the best defoaming method.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an experimental device for simulating circulating foam drilling, and to provide experimental data and theoretical basis for studying foam drilling technology.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a recyclable foam simulation experiment device is composed of a base liquid adding system, an air supply system, a foam heating system, a mechanical defoaming device system and a chemical defoaming agent adding system. Liquid addition system, gas supply system, foam heating system, mechanical defoamer system and chemical defoamer addition system are connected to form a closed overall experimental system.

The base liquid adding system is composed of a foam base liquid tank, a stop valve, a metering pump, and an orifice flowmeter; the air supply system is composed of an air compressor, a vent valve, an air tank, a stop valve, and a rotameter. The gas-liquid mixed flow is formed through the base liquid adding system and the gas supply system, and enters the foam generator; a pressure gauge and a stop valve are installed at the outlet of the foam generator; by adjusting the gas entering the foam generator Fluid ratio and pressure can realize the purpose of simulating the pressure environment of foam drilling.

The foam heating system is composed of a cable heating tube, a thermocouple thermometer, a shut-off valve and a foam sampler; a pressure gauge and a shut-off valve are installed at the outlet of the foam sampler; the temperature of the underground high-temperature environment can be simulated by adjusting the temperature of the cable heating tube. Objective: The foam sampler can be used to monitor foam quality, half-life, temperature, pressure, density and other parameters in real time.

The mechanical defoaming device system is equipped with a spray pipe on the top of the mechanical defoaming device, and the defoamer pumped from the defoamer storage tank is evenly sprayed on the foam through the spray pipe to achieve chemical defoaming. The purpose; both ends of the mechanical defoaming device are symmetrically installed with foam-breaking nozzles, the foam fluid is sprayed out through the foam-breaking nozzles, and the impact force, shear force and negative pressure are used to achieve mechanical defoaming. By changing the foam-breaking nozzle The number of nozzles and the hole diameter can adjust the defoaming efficiency of the mechanical defoaming device.

The chemical defoamer adding system divides part of the base liquid from the foam base liquid tank, enters the defoamer storage tank through a stop valve and a centrifugal pump, and the chemical defoamer and foam base liquid are stirred in the defoamer storage tank After fully mixing, the centrifugal pump, shut-off valve and pressure gauge enter the spray pipe, thus forming a chemical defoamer addition system; the defoamer is diluted by introducing part of the base liquid from the foam base liquid tank, and then sprayed The pipe enters the mechanical defoaming device, where chemical and mechanical combined defoaming is realized.

The broken liquid flows back from the bottom of the mechanical defoaming device through the centrifugal pump and stop valve to the foam base liquid tank to realize the recycling of the foam.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: 1. By monitoring the foam quality, half-life, temperature, pressure, density and other parameters at the outlet of the sampler, the rapid adjustment of the foam performance can be realized to achieve the purpose of simulating the high temperature and high pressure environment in the well; 2. The simulation experiment device Make full use of the synergistic effect of combined chemical and mechanical defoaming, overcome the shortcomings of insufficient defoaming efficiency of the single defoaming method, and help realize the recycling of foam.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the process flow diagram of the utility model recyclable foam simulation experiment device.

In the figure 1. Foam base liquid tank, 2. Stop valve, 3. Metering pump, 4. Orifice flowmeter, 5. Air compressor, 6. Vent valve, 7. Air storage tank, 8. Stop valve, 9. Rotameter, 10. Stop valve, 11. Foam generator, 12. Pressure gauge at outlet, 13. Stop valve, 14. Cable heating tube, 15. Thermocouple thermometer, 16. Stop valve, 17. Foam sampler, 18. Pressure gauge at the outlet, 19. Stop valve, 20. Mechanical defoaming device, 21. Bubble breaking nozzle, 22. Spray pipe, 23. Pressure gauge, 24. Stop valve, 25. Metering pump, 26. Defoaming Agent storage tank, 27. centrifugal pump, 28. shut-off valve, 29. centrifugal pump, 30. shut-off valve.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described. A recyclable foam simulation experiment device of the utility model is composed of a base liquid addition system, an air supply system, a foam heating system, a mechanical defoaming device system and a chemical defoamer addition system. , foam heating system, mechanical defoaming device system and chemical defoamer adding system are connected to form a closed overall experimental system.

The base liquid addition system is composed of a foam base liquid tank 1, a shut-off valve 2, a metering pump 3, and an orifice flowmeter 4; , stop valve 8, rotameter 9 and stop valve 10 are connected and installed in sequence; a gas-liquid mixed flow is formed through the base liquid addition system and the gas supply system, and enters the foam generator 11; a pressure gauge is installed at the outlet of the foam generator 11 12 and cut-off valve 13; by adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure entering the foam generator 11, the purpose of simulating the pressure environment of foam drilling can be achieved.

The foam heating system is composed of a cable heating pipe 14, a thermocouple thermometer 15, a shut-off valve 16, and a foam sampler 17: a pressure gauge 18 and a shut-off valve 19 are installed at the outlet of the foam sampler 17; The temperature can achieve the purpose of simulating the downhole high temperature environment, and the foam sampler 17 can be used to monitor parameters such as foam quality, half-life, temperature, pressure, and density in real time.

The mechanical defoaming device system is that a spray pipe 22 is installed on the top of the mechanical defoaming device 20, and the defoamer pumped out from the defoamer storage tank 26 is evenly sprayed onto the foam by the spray pipe 22, To achieve the purpose of chemical defoaming; the two ends of the mechanical defoaming device 20 are symmetrically installed with foam-breaking nozzles 21, and the foam fluid is sprayed out through the foam-breaking nozzles 21, and the mechanical defoaming is realized by using its impact force, shear force and negative pressure , the defoaming efficiency of the mechanical defoaming device 20 can be adjusted by changing the nozzle number and aperture of the foam breaking nozzle 21 .

The chemical defoamer addition system is to flow out part of the base liquid from the foam base liquid tank 1, and enter the defoamer storage tank 26 through the stop valve 28 and the centrifugal pump 27, and the chemical defoamer and the foam base liquid are stored in the defoamer storage After stirring and fully mixing in the tank 26, the centrifugal pump 25, the shut-off valve 24 and the pressure gauge 23 enter the spray pipe 22, thereby forming a chemical defoamer addition system; by introducing part of the base liquid from the foam base liquid tank 1 The defoaming agent is diluted, and then enters the mechanical defoaming device 20 from the spray pipe 22, and the combined chemical and mechanical defoaming is realized in the mechanical defoaming device 20. The broken liquid flows back from the bottom of the mechanical defoaming device 20 through the centrifugal pump 29 and the shut-off valve 30 to the foam base liquid tank 1 to realize recycling of the foam.

working principle:

A certain concentration of stable foam is pre-prepared in the foam base liquid tank 1. The foam base liquid enters the porous foam generator 11 through the stop valve 2, the centrifugal pump 3, and the orifice flowmeter 4, and the air passes through the air compressor 5 and the air storage tank. 7. Stop valve 8, rotameter 9, and stop valve 10 enter the porous foam generator 11. Adjust the gas flow rate to 1.5m ³ /min, the liquid flow rate to 17.81/min, and the gas-liquid ratio at this time is 84.3. The foam flowing out from the pressure gauge 12 and the shut-off valve 13 at the outlet end of the porous foam generator 11 enters the foam heating system. After being heated by the cable heating pipe 14, the foam temperature measured by the thermocouple thermometer 15 is 81° C., and the foam quality in the foam sampler 17 measured indoors is 86.2%, and the foam half-life is 45 minutes. The reading is 1.3MPa.

The high-temperature, high-pressure foam flowing out from the pressure gauge 18 at the outlet end of the foam sampler 17 and the shut-off valve 19 enters the mechanical defoaming device system. Ten nozzles with a diameter of 2 mm are respectively symmetrically installed on both ends of the mechanical defoaming device 20 .

Part of the base liquid flows out from the foam base liquid tank 1, and enters the defoamer storage tank 26 through the stop valve 28 and the centrifugal pump 27. In the defoamer storage tank 26, a chemical defoamer, chemical defoamer and foam base are added. After the liquid is stirred and fully mixed in the defoamer storage tank 26, it enters the spray pipe 22 through the metering pump 25, the stop valve 24 and the pressure gauge 23, and sprays the chemical defoamer evenly on the foam through the spray pipe 22 to realize The purpose of chemical defoaming.

The test results show that the single mechanical defoaming rate is 60.5%, the single chemical defoaming rate is 85.0%, and the combined chemical and mechanical defoaming is realized in the mechanical defoaming device 20, and the defoaming rate can reach 97.0%. Natural defoaming is realized in the defoaming device 20. The broken liquid flows back from the bottom of the mechanical defoaming device 20 through the centrifugal pump 29 and the shut-off valve 30 to the foam base liquid tank 1 to realize recycling of the foam.

Claims (4)

1. a foam analogue experiment installation capable of circulation is made of base fluid add-on system, air supply system, foam heating system, mechanical defoaming device system and chemical defoamer add-on system, it is characterized in that: linking to each other by base fluid add-on system, air supply system, foam heating system, mechanical defoaming device system and chemical defoamer add-on system forms closed integral experiment system; Described mechanical defoaming device system is equipped with shower (22) at the top of mechanical defoaming device (20), and the defoamer that pumps out from defoamer storage tank (26) evenly is sprayed onto on the foam by shower (22), realizes the effect of chemical froth breaking; Described chemical defoamer add-on system is to distribute the part base fluid from foam base fluid jar (1), enter defoamer storage tank (26) through stop valve (28), centrifugal pump (27), chemical defoamer and foam base fluid process in defoamer storage tank (26) enters shower (22) by centrifugal pump (25), stop valve (24) and pressure meter (23) after stirring and fully being mixed.By from foam base fluid jar (1), introducing the part base fluid defoamer is diluted, enter mechanical defoaming device (20) from shower (22) then, in mechanical defoaming device (20), realize chemistry and mechanically combining froth breaking.

2. a kind of foam analogue experiment installation capable of circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described base fluid add-on system is installed in regular turn by foam base fluid jar (1), stop valve (2), measuring pump (3), orifice flowmeter (4) and is formed; Described air supply system is made up of air compressor machine (5), atmospheric valve (6), gas tank (7), stop valve (8), spinner flowmeter (9), stop valve (10) connection in regular turn; Form gas-liquid mixed stream by base fluid add-on system and air supply system, enter foam maker (11); Foam maker (11) port of export is equipped with pressure meter (12) and stop valve (13); Enter the gas liquid ratio and the pressure of foam maker (11) by adjusting, can realize simulating the purpose of the pressure environment of foam drilling.

3. a kind of foam analogue experiment installation capable of circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described foam heating system is connected to form by cable heat tracing pipe (14), thermocouple thermometer (15), stop valve (16), foam sampler (17); The port of export of foam sampler (17) is equipped with pressure meter (18) and stop valve (19); Can reach the purpose of hot environment under the simulation well by the temperature of regulating cable heat tracing pipe (14), foam sampler (17) can be used to monitor in real time parameters such as foam quality, half-life, temperature, pressure, density.

4. a kind of foam analogue experiment installation capable of circulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends of mechanical defoaming device (20) are symmetrically installed with brokenly bubble nozzle (21), aerated fluid is by broken bubble nozzle (21) ejection, utilize its impact force, shearing force and produce negative pressure and realize mechanical defoaming, by changing brokenly the nozzle quantity and the aperture of bubble nozzle (21), can regulate the defoaming effectiveness of mechanical defoaming device (20).

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