CN201272768Y - Domestic waste conversion system and equipment without conventional fuel combustion support - Google Patents

Abstract

Need not the combustion-supporting domestic waste conversion system of conventional fuel and equipment, relate to a refuse treatment technology and equipment, gasification system mainly by waste sorter, bucker, air-dry tunnel, gasifier, quench tower, dust remover, purifying column, compressor and synthetic gas storage tank constitute, wherein: organic matter rubbish exit linkage to the feeding mouth of buckler of rubbish sorter, the discharge gate of buckler is connected to the hopper in air-dry tunnel, the material exit linkage in air-dry tunnel is to the hopper of gasifier, the synthetic gas output interface of gasifier is connected to the quench tower, the quench tower is connected to the dust remover, the gas outlet of dust remover is connected to the synthetic gas input interface of purifying column through the draught fan, the synthetic gas output interface of purifying column is connected to the interface of breathing in of compressor, the exhaust interface of compressor is connected to synthetic gas storage tank. The utility model discloses carry out comprehensive utilization to the rubbish discarded object, can reach complete the processing of dissolving to domestic waste, equipment structure is simple, and investment cost is low.

Description

Domestic waste conversion system and equipment without conventional fuel combustion support

Technical field

The utility model relates to garbage treatment technology, in particular to gasification and incineration system equipment for garbage.

Background technique

At present, the energy shortage and the environmental protection situation are grim. With the development of my country's national economy and the continuous expansion of urban scale, garbage is increasing rapidly, and its content of harmful components is getting higher and higher. If it is not handled properly, it will pollute the environment and threaten people's health. This will not only restrict The progress of the society also affects the sustainable development of the national economy. At present, China's domestic waste treatment mainly includes sanitary landfill technology, composting (biochemical) technology and incineration technology. Most areas use sanitary landfill method to deal with domestic waste, which not only takes up a lot of land, wastes resources, but also easily pollutes land and groundwater; composting only utilizes about 40% of organic matter, and it is necessary to build supporting incineration process equipment and sanitary landfills. Heavy metals in composting products may pollute the soil and enter the food chain crops, and there are also secondary Hidden dangers of secondary pollution; the incineration method is used to deal with urban domestic waste, and the waste heat is used for power generation or heat supply, which can reduce the amount and recycle domestic waste. However, due to the high water content and low calorific value of domestic waste, ordinary garbage The incineration equipment needs to use conventional fuels such as coal or fuel oil to support combustion during operation. At the same time, there are disadvantages such as high pollutant content in the flue gas, inability to effectively eliminate carcinogenic and highly toxic dioxins and furans, and complex flue gas purification systems; the existing Waste incineration equipment is only suitable for processing urban domestic waste, but cannot be popularized in villages and towns. It cannot realize low-cost and meet environmental protection requirements for processing village and township domestic waste with higher moisture content and lower calorific value.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and equipment, to realize environmentally friendly treatment of household garbage, not only suitable for the treatment of urban household garbage, but also to achieve low-cost, environmentally friendly treatment of village and town household garbage, and in the treatment of domestic garbage At the same time, domestic waste is converted into secondary energy, fertilizer and building materials to realize the comprehensive utilization of waste.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model designs a working process of domestic waste conversion without conventional fuel combustion: sorting the domestic waste, and using one or two methods of rolling and air-drying the sorted organic waste. Measures for dehydration treatment, this process can remove most of the water content of melons and fruits, vegetables, kitchen waste and agricultural waste with high water content, and then send the organic waste after the above treatment as fuel to into the gasification furnace or incinerator for conversion by gasification or incineration, and the garbage fuel is dried, pyrolyzed, gasified and burned in the furnace; when the garbage fuel is converted by gasification, The synthesis gas with carbon monoxide and hydrogen as the main components is generated in the gasifier, and the synthesis gas is used as secondary clean energy after being cooled by heat exchange equipment and dust removal/purification treatment; when it is converted by incineration, the waste fuel is in the incinerator Gasification is carried out first, and then embers are carried out. The waste heat of incineration is absorbed and utilized by heat exchange equipment. The high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration is cooled by heat exchange equipment and treated by dust removal/purification, and then discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney. Send the rubbish compaction liquid generated from the rolling dehydration process into the digester for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, use the biogas as an auxiliary fuel for the incinerator, or send the biogas into the gas holder for standby, and dispose of the digested residue Used as fertilizer for crops. Sorting the inorganic matter sorted out from the mixed garbage, recycling waste metals and waste batteries, and using them as brick-making raw materials to produce fired bricks or unfired bricks; ash discharged from gasifiers or incinerators It is used to produce cement or fertilizer to realize the comprehensive utilization of garbage. The hot air heated by the air preheater is sent into the air drying device, and the hot air flows in the air drying device to dry the organic waste. The flowing air takes the moisture out of the air drying device and discharges it into the atmosphere after deodorization and purification treatment. .

In the above process, the operating temperature in the air-drying device is controlled between 70 and 110°C, and the residence time of materials in the air-drying device is 1 to 3 hours; after the garbage is sorted, rolled and dehydrated, and air-dried, the garbage can be made The moisture content and inorganic matter content of the fuel are controlled within 15% and 5% respectively, and the low calorific value of the waste fuel reaches above 9700kj/kg. It can be stably burned in the incinerator or gasifier without conventional fuel combustion.

In the above process, the heat exchange equipment includes one or more of boilers, kilns, air preheaters and quenching towers.

In the above process, the gasifier includes a fluidized bed gasifier, a fixed bed gasifier, a flue gas circulation gasifier, and a plasma gasifier; the incinerator includes a fluidized bed incinerator, a rotary Kiln incinerator, grate incinerator, flue gas circulation incinerator.

In the above process, when the gasification furnace is a flue gas circulation gasification furnace, a flue gas circulation loop is built in the furnace body, and there are a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, and a gasification/combustion zone in the furnace body from front to back. The waste fuel is fed into the flue gas circulation gasification furnace from the front end of the furnace through the screw feeder, the combustion air enters the furnace from the rear end of the furnace, and the waste fuel runs from the front end to the rear end in the furnace for drying and pyrolysis , gasification and residual charcoal combustion, and the ashes of ashes are discharged from the slag outlet into the water-sealed slag pool; the gasification generated in the furnace runs in reverse with the garbage fuel through the gap between the garbage and fuel, and the gasification is used as a heat carrier at the same time. The heat generated in the gasification/combustion zone at the rear end of the furnace is provided to the gasification, pyrolysis and drying of waste fuel in the form of convective heat transfer; the gasification product and flue gas in the furnace are mixed and passed through the front end of the gasification furnace The flue gas circulation loop returns to the gasification/combustion zone at the rear end of the furnace for cyclic gasification, in which the water vapor in the flue gas reacts with the hot garbage charcoal to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the carbon particles and water vapor in the flue gas generate water gas The reaction produces carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the dioxins in the flue gas are effectively disintegrated; the synthesis gas generated in the gasifier is extracted from the joint of the pyrolysis zone and the gasification/combustion zone. In the above process, the operating temperature of the pyrolysis zone is controlled at 300-800°C, the operating temperature of the gasification/combustion zone is controlled at 1000-1200°C, and the operating pressure at the garbage fuel inlet in the gasifier is normal pressure or negative pressure. The pressure is 20-30Pa. During operation, the control of the operating pressure and operating temperature in the furnace is realized by adjusting the feed rate, combustion-supporting air volume, flue gas circulation volume and synthesis gas extraction volume. The synthesis gas generated by gasification in the furnace is cooled by the air preheater and the waste heat boiler, and then through the post-stage purification treatment to produce city gas, which is used as clean energy or chemical raw materials.

In the above process, when the gasification furnace is a plasma gasification furnace, a flue gas circulation loop is built in the furnace body, and there are a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, and a gasification/combustion zone in the furnace body from front to back, and the garbage The fuel is sent into the flue gas circulation incinerator from the front end of the furnace through the screw feeder, and the garbage fuel runs from the front end to the rear end of the furnace for drying, pyrolysis and gasification, and at the same time, water vapor is sent into the plasma as working gas After being heated and activated by the body spray gun, it is sprayed into the gasification/combustion zone in the furnace, and reacts with the garbage charcoal to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and burns the garbage charcoal. Slag pool; the gasification generated in the furnace runs in reverse with the garbage fuel through the garbage fuel gap, and the gasification is also used as a heat carrier to provide the heat generated by the gasification/combustion zone at the rear end of the furnace to the garbage fuel by convective heat transfer. Needed for gasification, pyrolysis and drying; the gasified product in the furnace is mixed with flue gas, and returns from the front end of the gasification furnace to the gasification/combustion zone at the rear end of the furnace through the flue gas circulation loop for cyclic gasification, among which, The water vapor in the flue gas reacts with the hot garbage charcoal to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the carbon particles in the flue gas react with water vapor to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the dioxins in the flue gas are effectively disintegrated. In the above process, the operating temperature of the pyrolysis zone is controlled at 300-800°C, the operating temperature of the gasification/combustion zone is controlled at 1000-1200°C, and the operating pressure at the garbage fuel inlet in the gasifier is normal pressure or negative pressure. The pressure is 20-30Pa. During operation, the control of the operating pressure and operating temperature in the furnace is realized by adjusting the feed rate, the working current and working air flow of the plasma spray gun, the circulation volume of flue gas and the extraction volume of synthesis gas. The synthesis gas with carbon monoxide and hydrogen as the main components generated in the gasification furnace is extracted from the joint of the pyrolysis zone and the gasification/combustion zone, and after being cooled by the air preheater and waste heat boiler, it is then purified and sent to Store in the gas cabinet for later use. The synthesis gas generated by plasma gasification has high hydrogen content, high calorific value and good quality. The synthesis gas can be used not only as city gas, but also as raw material gas for the production of hydrogen, methanol and dimethyl ether.

In the above process, when the incinerator is a flue gas circulation incinerator, a flue gas circulation loop is built in the furnace body, and the furnace body has a drying area, a pyrolysis area, a gasification/combustion area and a second In the combustion zone, the garbage fuel is sent into the flue gas circulation incinerator from the front end of the furnace, and the combustion air is sent into the furnace from the rear end of the furnace, and the garbage fuel runs from the front end to the rear end in the furnace for drying, pyrolysis, Gasification and residual charcoal combustion, the ashes of ashes are discharged from the slag outlet into the water-sealed slag pool; the gasification generated in the furnace runs in reverse with the garbage fuel through the gap between the garbage and fuel, and the gasification is used as a heat carrier at the same time, and the gas The heat generated in the incineration/combustion zone is provided to the gasification, pyrolysis and drying of waste fuel in the form of convective heat transfer; the gasification and flue gas in the furnace are mixed and returned from the front end of the incinerator through the flue gas circulation loop Go to the gasification/combustion zone at the rear end of the furnace for cyclic gasification combustion, in which the water vapor in the flue gas reacts with the hot garbage charcoal to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and then burns when it encounters combustion-supporting air, and the carbon particles and water vapor in the flue gas Water gas reaction occurs, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are generated, and then burnt with combustion-supporting air, and the dioxins in the flue gas are effectively disintegrated; the heated air is injected into the second combustion zone as the secondary combustion-supporting air, so that the flammability of unburned embers in the furnace is improved. The gas and suspended combustible particles are fully mixed with air and burnt, avoiding the phenomenon of chemical incomplete combustion and mechanical incomplete combustion, reducing heat energy loss, and further disintegrating highly toxic dioxins and furans, greatly reducing smoke emissions Pollutants in the air. In the above process, the operating temperature of the pyrolysis zone is controlled at 300-800°C, the operating temperature of the gasification/combustion zone is controlled at 1000-1200°C, and the operating temperature of the second combustion zone is controlled at 1000-1250°C. The operating pressure at the entrance of the waste fuel in the furnace and the second combustion zone is normal pressure or negative pressure 20-30Pa. During operation, the operating pressure and operating temperature in the furnace are controlled by adjusting the feed rate, primary combustion air volume, and flue gas volume. The amount of circulation and the extraction of flue gas are realized.

In the above process, the heat generated by the incineration of garbage is absorbed by the boiler to produce steam or hot water. The steam is used to generate electricity, and the hot water is provided for production or domestic use. The boiler or kiln is set above the burner of the second combustion zone. The flue gas above ℃ passes through the boiler or kiln or air preheater and then cools down to 800℃, and then passes through the quenching tower to quickly cool the discharged flue gas to below 200℃, so as to avoid the regeneration of highly toxic dioxins from chlorine-containing organic substances British and furan, and then the flue gas is discharged through the chimney after dust removal and purification treatment. The purification treatment includes wet purification, dry purification and semi-dry purification process. When wet purification process is adopted, calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide is used as absorbent in the purification tower to remove the Or chloride, sulfide and fluoride in flue gas.

The utility model relates to a domestic waste conversion system that does not use conventional fuels for combustion support, including domestic waste gasification equipment, and is characterized in that the gasification system is mainly composed of a waste sorting machine (2), a rolling machine (7), and an air-drying tunnel (14) ), gasifier (18b), quenching tower (20), dust remover (21), purification tower (23), compressor (57) and synthesis gas storage tank (59), wherein: garbage sorting machine ( 2) the organic waste outlet (4) is connected to the feeding port (6) of the rolling machine (7), and the discharge port (8) of the rolling machine (7) is connected to the hopper (9) of the air-drying tunnel (14) , the material outlet (16) of the air-drying tunnel (14) is connected to the hopper (1828) of the gasification furnace (18b), and the synthesis gas output interface (1810b) of the gasification furnace (18b) is connected to the quenching tower (20), the quenching tower (20) is connected to dust remover (21), and the gas outlet of dust remover (21) is connected to the synthesis gas input interface (234) of purification tower (23) by induced draft fan (26), and the synthesis gas output of purification tower (23) The port (231) is connected to the suction port of the compressor (57), and the exhaust port of the compressor (57) is connected to the synthesis gas storage tank (59); the liquid receiving plate of the roller compactor (7) is connected to the digester (33) feed port (332). In order to recover waste heat and utilize it, an air preheater (19) and a waste heat boiler (55) are also arranged between the gasifier (18b) and the quench tower (20), and the air preheater (19) is used to heat the air. The heated air is used as the air source of the air drying device. The waste heat boiler is used to absorb the heat in the synthesis gas to cool down the temperature of the synthesis gas. After absorbing the heat, the waste heat boiler produces steam or hot water. The steam can be used for power generation, and the hot water is provided for domestic use; When the air preheater (19) and the waste heat boiler (55) are arranged between the gasifier (18b) and the quench tower (20), the connection between the gasifier (18b) and the quench tower (20) is changed as follows: The syngas output interface (1810b) of the gasifier (18b) is connected to the air preheater (19), the air preheater (19) is connected to the waste heat boiler (55), and the waste heat boiler (55) is connected to the quench tower (20 ). In order to prevent liquid hammer accidents in the compressor (57) and to remove the heat generated during the compression of the synthesis gas, a liquid separator (56) is also installed between the purification tower (23) and the synthesis gas storage tank (59). and cooler (58); when adding liquid remover (56) and cooler (58) between purification tower (23) and synthesis gas storage cabinet (59), change purification tower (23) and synthesis gas storage The connection between the gas cabinets (59) is: the synthesis gas output interface (231) of the purification tower (23) is connected to the liquid remover (56), and the liquid remover (56) is connected to the suction port of the compressor (57) , the exhaust port of the compressor (57) is connected to the cooler (58), and the cooler (58) is connected to the synthesis gas storage tank (59).

Another domestic waste conversion system of the present utility model that does not use conventional fuel for combustion support includes domestic waste incineration equipment, and is characterized in that the incineration system is at least composed of a rolling machine (7), an air-drying tunnel (14), an incinerator (18), a purification Tower (23) and chimney (22) form, and wherein: the discharge opening (8) of rolling machine (7) is connected to the hopper (9) of air-drying tunnel (14), the material outlet (16) of air-drying tunnel (14) Be connected to the hopper (1828) of the incinerator (18), the flue gas output interface (1810) of the incinerator (18) is connected to the flue gas input interface (234) of the purification tower (23), and the flue gas of the purification tower (23) The output interface (231) is connected to the chimney (22) through the induced draft fan (27), and the purification tower (23) here also doubles as the quenching equipment, dust removal equipment and absorption equipment. In order to use the waste heat of incineration to heat the air, provide hot air source for the air-drying device and provide combustion-supporting hot air for the incinerator, an air preheater ( 19). In order to obtain a better purification effect for the discharged flue gas, a quenching tower (20) and a dust collector (21) are also arranged at the front stage of the purification tower (23). When the air preheater (19), the quenching tower (20) and the dust collector (21) are arranged between the towers (23), the connection between the flue gas output interface (1810) and the purification tower (23) is changed to: flue gas The output interface (1810) is connected to the air preheater (19), the air preheater (19) is connected to the quenching tower (20), and the quenching tower (20) is connected to the dust remover (21), and the dust remover (21) passes the lead The fan (26) is connected to the flue gas input interface (234) of the purification tower (23). There is a pot shell (1812) on the incinerator (18), and the flue gas output interface (1810) is on the pot shell (1812). The output interface (1810) is connected.

In the above-mentioned system, a digester (33) is also provided, and the liquid receiving tray of the roller compactor (7) is connected to the feed port (332) of the digester (33), and the rubbish crushing liquid passes through the digester (33). Anaerobic fermentation generates biogas, which is sent to the incinerator as auxiliary fuel.

The utility model relates to an incineration device in a domestic garbage conversion system that does not use conventional fuels for combustion, and is characterized in that the incinerator is a flue gas circulation incinerator, and is mainly composed of a furnace body, a flue gas circulation pipe (1803) and a circulation fan (1817). Composition, wherein: the furnace body is composed of a revolving furnace wall, the front is high and the rear is low, and the inner layer of the revolving furnace wall is a refractory layer (1806), the middle layer is an insulation layer (1805), and the outer layer is a steel shell (1804 ); the furnace body is divided into a drying zone (18-IV), a pyrolysis zone (18-III), a gasification/combustion zone (18-I) and a second combustion zone (18-II) according to operating conditions, each The areas are adjacent to each other successively, the drying zone (18-IV) is at the front of the furnace, the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) is at the rear of the furnace, and the pyrolysis zone (18-III) is at the drying zone ( 18-IV) and the gasification/combustion zone (18-I), the second combustion zone (18-II) is above the gasification/combustion zone (18-I); drying zone (18-IV) The front end of the feed port (1801) is provided with a screw feeder (1827) at the outer end of the feed port (1801), and the screw feeder (1827) has a garbage hopper (1828), and the screw feeder (1827 ) into the feeding port (1801); there is a circulating flue gas output interface (1802) above the front of the drying area (18-IV); the slag discharge port (1822) is at the tail of the furnace; the circulating flue gas The input interface (1819) is connected from the furnace wall of the gasification/combustion zone (18-I); the secondary air spray gun (1816) is connected to the second combustion zone (18-II); the flue gas circulation pipe (1803) is connected Between the circulating flue gas output interface (1802) and the suction port of the circulating fan (1817), the air outlet of the circulating fan (1817) is connected to the circulating flue gas input interface (1819); in the second combustion zone (18-II) Set the pot shell (1812) above, or set the furnace at the fire gas outlet of the second combustion zone (18-II); when the pot shell (1812) is set above the second combustion zone (18-II), the flue gas The output interface (1810) is on the pot shell (1812), and the second combustion zone (18-II) communicates with the flue gas output interface (1810) through the fire pipe (1811).

Another incineration equipment in the domestic waste conversion system that does not use conventional fuels to support combustion of the utility model is characterized in that the incinerator is mainly composed of a furnace body, a flue gas circulation pipe (1803) and a circulation fan (1817), wherein: the furnace body Consisting of a revolving furnace wall, the front is high and the rear is low, and the inner layer of the revolving furnace wall is a refractory layer (1806), the middle layer is an insulation layer (1805), and the outer layer is a steel shell (1804); The working conditions are divided into drying zone (18-IV), pyrolysis zone (18-III), gasification/combustion zone (18-I) and second combustion zone (18-II), and each zone is adjacent to each other. The drying zone (18-IV) is at the front of the furnace, the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) is at the rear of the furnace, and the pyrolysis zone (18-III) is connected with the gasification zone (18-IV) Between the gasification/combustion zone (18-I), the second combustion zone (18-II) is above the gasification/combustion zone (18-I); there is wind below the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) Chambers (1831) and (1829), the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) is separated from the air chamber by a fire grate (1833), the air chamber (1831) is connected by a damper (1832), and the air chamber (1829 ) has a damper (1830) to access; the front end of the drying zone (18-IV) has a feeding port (1801), and the outer end of the feeding port (1801) is equipped with a screw feeder (1827), and the screw feeder Garbage hopper (1828) is arranged on (1827), and the discharge port of screw feeder (1827) stretches into feeding port (1801); Above the front part of drying area (18-IV) there is circulating smoke output interface ( 1802); the slag outlet (1822) is at the tail of the furnace; the circulating flue gas input interface (1819) is connected above the slag outlet at the furnace tail; the second combustion zone (18-II) has a secondary air spray gun (1816) Access; the flue gas circulation pipe (1803) is connected between the circulating flue gas output interface (1802) and the suction port of the circulating fan (1817), and the air outlet of the circulating fan (1817) is connected to the circulating flue gas input interface (1819) ; Pot shell (1812) is set above the second combustion zone (18-II), or kiln is set at the fire gas outlet of the second combustion zone (18-II); when in the second combustion zone (18-II) When the pot shell (1812) is arranged above, the flue gas output port (1810) is on the pot shell (1812), and the second combustion zone (18-II) communicates with the flue gas output port (1810) through the fire pipe (1811).

In the above equipment, in order to increase the furnace temperature in the gasification furnace or incinerator, make the combustion zone in the furnace reach a high temperature above 1000°C, so as to facilitate the complete incineration of garbage and reduce pollutants in the incineration flue gas. The pyrolysis zone, gasification/combustion zone and the second combustion zone do not have water-cooled wall heating surfaces or boiler water pipes. The refractory furnace wall of the gasification furnace or incinerator is poured with bauxite cement refractory concrete. The refractory furnace wall of the gyratory body has The heat storage and heat accumulation effect is beneficial to increase the furnace temperature, and it is easy to completely gasify and burn the garbage fuel.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: after the garbage is sorted, rolled and dehydrated, and air-dried, the low calorific value of the garbage fuel can reach more than 9700kj/kg, and the garbage rolling liquid can be used to produce biogas for utilization without conventional fuel Combustion-supporting can carry out stable combustion in the incinerator or gasifier; the use of flue gas circulation gasification combustion technology is conducive to completely incinerating garbage, completely disintegrating highly toxic dioxins, and reducing pollutants in the incineration flue gas; Garbage waste is transformed into secondary clean energy with high calorific value for comprehensive utilization and turning waste into treasure. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: the domestic waste can be completely absorbed and treated, the pollutant content in the discharged flue gas is low, the equipment structure is simple, the investment cost is low, and it is easy to popularize.

Description of drawings

The utility model provides the following drawings for further description, but each accompanying drawing and the following specific implementation methods do not constitute a limitation to the utility model:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the working process of a kind of domestic waste incineration transformation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a working process for converting domestic waste into synthesis gas of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of another working process for converting domestic waste into synthesis gas according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a system diagram of conversion of domestic waste by incineration method of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is another system diagram of domestic waste incineration transformation of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a system diagram of the utility model for converting domestic waste into syngas.

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a flue gas circulation incinerator for incinerating household garbage of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of another flue gas circulation incinerator for incinerating domestic waste of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Garbage hopper, 2. Garbage sorting machine, 3. Inorganic waste export, 4. Organic waste export, 5. Conveyor belt, 6. Roller feeding port, 7. Roller, 8. Roller Press outlet, 9. Hopper, 10. Screw propeller in air-drying tunnel, 11. Induced fan, 12. Air outlet interface of air-drying tunnel, 13. Deodorizing purifier, 14. Air-drying tunnel, 15. Air-drying tunnel Air inlet interface, 16. Material outlet of air drying tunnel, 17. Blower, 17b. High pressure fan, 18. Incinerator, 18b. Gasifier, 19. Air preheater, 20. Quenching tower, 21. Dust collector, 22 .Chimney, 23. Purification tower, 24. Smoke pipe, 26. Induced fan, 27. Induced fan, 28. Air volume regulator, 29. Absorbent delivery pump, 30. Absorbent replenishment bin, 31. Water-sealed slag pool , 32. Biogas pipeline, 33. Digester, 34. Garbage rolling fluid pipeline, 35. Garbage leachate pipeline, 36. Garbage leachate pipeline, 37. Leachate pit, 38. Garbage Leachate delivery pump, 39. Garbage storage pit, 40. Scrap metal storage pit, 41. Inorganic matter storage pit, 42. Conveyor belt, 43. Magnetic separator, 44. Garbage transport vehicle, 45. Unloading platform, 46 .Air curtain, 47. Unloading vehicle scheduling window, 48. Exhaust fan, 49. Grab bucket, 50. Crane driving operation window, 51. Crane driving, 52. Exhaust fan, 53. Air duct, 54. Spiral Extrusion machine, 55. Waste heat boiler, 56. Dehydrator, 57. Compressor, 58. Cooler, 59. Syngas storage tank, 60. Plasma spray gun, 201. Coolant output interface, 202. Coolant Input interface, 231. Flue gas/synthesis gas output interface, 232. Demister, 233. Absorbent nozzle interface, 234. Flue gas/synthesis gas input interface, 235. Absorbent return interface, 331. Biogas output interface, 332. Digester feed port, 1801. Feed port, 1802. Circulating flue gas output interface, 1803. Flue gas circulation pipe, 1804. Steel shell, 1805. Insulation layer, 1806. Rotary body refractory layer, 1807. Temperature sensor , 1808. Insulation layer, 1809. Flue gas chamber, 1810. Flue gas output interface, 1810b. Syngas output interface, 1811. Fire pipe, 1812. Pot shell, 1813. Flue gas chamber, 1814. Fire port, 1815. Reflection Arch, 1816. Secondary air spray gun, 1817. Circulation fan, 1818. Biogas combustion spray gun, 1818b. Biogas input interface, 1819. Circulating flue gas input interface, 1820. Primary combustion air input interface, 1821. Rear ignition/operating door, 1822. Slag outlet, 1823. Sight mirror, 1824. Temperature sensor, 1825. Sight mirror, 1826. Temperature sensor, 1827. Screw feeder, 1828. Garbage hopper, 1829. Rear air chamber, 1830. Rear air door, 1831 . Front air chamber, 1832. Front air door, 1833. Reciprocating grate, 1 834. Water seal, 1835. Grate gearbox, 18-I. Gasification/combustion zone, 18-II. Second combustion zone, 18-III. Pyrolysis zone, 18-IV. Drying zone.

Detailed ways

In the conversion work flow of domestic waste incineration shown in Figure 1, it mainly consists of waste sorting, rolling/dehydration, air drying/transportation, gasification/incineration, heat energy utilization, flue gas quenching, dust removal/purification, and waste rolling liquid digestion. Treatment, inorganic bricks and other processes, in which the incinerator is a flue gas circulation incinerator. The mixed garbage mixed with inorganic substances such as masonry, mud and sand is mechanically sorted or manually sorted to select the organic garbage, and then the organic garbage is rolled and dehydrated, and the garbage rolling liquid and garbage generated during the rolling and dehydrating process are separated. The garbage leachate from the storage pit is sent to the digester to produce biogas by anaerobic fermentation. The biogas is used as auxiliary fuel for the incinerator, and the digested residue is used as fertilizer; the organic waste after rolling and dehydration is further removed by air drying equipment , and then the garbage fuel that has been rolled, dehydrated and air-dried is sent from the front end of the furnace to the flue gas circulation incinerator, and the primary combustion-supporting air enters the incinerator from the rear end of the furnace, and the gaseous matter in the furnace and the garbage fuel run in reverse; The gasification and flue gas in the furnace are mixed, drawn from the front end of the furnace, and returned to the furnace from the rear end of the furnace through the flue gas circulation loop for circular gasification and combustion, so as to disintegrate highly toxic dioxins, reduce pollutants and To reduce heat energy loss, the garbage charcoal after pyrolysis of garbage fuel is burned with primary combustion-supporting air, and the combustible gas and suspended combustible particles in the furnace are burned with secondary air until it is burnt, and the ash after burning The ash is used as fertilizer; the heat energy generated by the combustion of garbage charcoal and garbage gasification, part of the heat energy is carried by the circulating flue gas, which is provided for the drying, pyrolysis and gasification of the garbage fuel in the furnace, and part of the heat energy is passed through the boiler. Absorption, production of steam or hot water, steam can be used for power generation, hot water is provided for production or domestic use; the high-temperature flue gas generated in the incinerator is cooled to 800°C by the boiler and air preheater, and then passed through the quench tower Rapidly lower the temperature to below 200°C to avoid the regeneration of dioxins from chlorine-containing organic compounds in the flue gas, then pass the flue gas through dust removal/purification treatment, and use calcium hydroxide slurry or sodium hydroxide solution to absorb chloride and sulfur in the flue gas The purified flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the induced draft fan and the chimney. In this embodiment, a blower is used to send the air above the garbage storage pit into the air preheater for heating, and then the hot air is sent into the air drying device to dry the garbage fuel; the air heated by the air preheater is used as a combustion aid The wind is sent into the incinerator to support combustion and sent to the incinerator as secondary air to stir and support combustion. The inorganic substances selected in the sorting process are recycled through waste metals and waste batteries, and then crushed to be used as raw materials for brick making to produce unburned bricks.

In the workflow of converting domestic waste into syngas as shown in Figure 2, it mainly consists of waste sorting, rolling/dehydration, air drying/transportation, gasification conversion, heat energy utilization, syngas quenching, dust removal/purification, syngas Compression storage, garbage rolling liquid digestion and treatment, inorganic brick making and other processes, in which the gasifier is a flue gas circulation gasifier. The mixed garbage mixed with inorganic substances such as masonry, mud and sand is sorted mechanically or manually to select organic waste, and then the organic waste is dehydrated by rolling equipment, and the waste generated during the rolling dehydration process is crushed. The landfill leachate from the pressure liquid and garbage storage pits is sent to the digester to produce biogas by anaerobic fermentation, and the biogas is sent to the gasifier for reforming treatment, and the residue after digestion is used as fertilizer; the organic matter after rolling and dehydration The waste is further removed by the air-drying device, and then the waste fuel after rolling dehydration and air-drying is sent into the furnace from the front end of the flue gas circulation gasification furnace, and air and water vapor are sent as gasification agents from the rear end of the furnace. into the gasification furnace to convert waste fuel into synthetic gas in a thermochemical way; the mixture of gasification and flue gas generated in the furnace is drawn from the front end of the furnace and returned to the furnace from the rear end of the furnace through the flue gas circulation loop Circular gasification, while disintegrating the highly toxic dioxin; the garbage charcoal after pyrolysis of garbage fuel is burned with air support until it burns, and the ashes of the ashes are discharged from the rear end of the furnace, and the ash is used as fertilizer; garbage The heat energy generated by charcoal combustion, with the circulating flue gas as the carrier, is provided to the waste fuel in the furnace for drying, pyrolysis and gasification; the high-temperature syngas generated in the gasification furnace is extracted from the middle of the furnace, and is preheated by boiler and air After absorbing heat and cooling down to 800°C, the temperature is quickly cooled to below 200°C through the quenching tower to avoid the regeneration of dioxins from the chlorine-containing organic substances in the synthesis gas, and then the synthesis gas is treated by dust removal/purification, and calcium hydroxide is used to The slurry or sodium hydroxide solution absorbs the chloride and sulfide in the synthesis gas, and then the purified synthesis gas is sent to the gas cabinet through the compressor for standby, and the synthesis gas can be used as a secondary clean energy. In this embodiment, a blower is used to send the air above the garbage storage pit into the air preheater for heating, then the hot air is sent into the air drying device for drying the garbage fuel, and then the hot air is sent into the gasifier for combustion, and the garbage Ashes of charcoal. The inorganic substances selected in the sorting process are recycled through waste metals and waste batteries, and then crushed to be used as raw materials for brick making to produce unburned bricks.

As shown in Figure 3, another workflow for converting domestic waste into syngas is different from the embodiment shown in Figure 2 in that the gasifier is a plasma gasifier, and the plasma gasifier does not use air or oxygen for combustion , the garbage charcoal after pyrolysis of garbage fuel is burned with a plasma torch; the working gas of the plasma torch is water vapor, and the water vapor is sent into the plasma torch as the working gas, and the water vapor is heated to 3100°C in the plasma torch Above, water molecules are decomposed and activated to generate active chemicals of H, H ₂ , O, O ₂ and H ₂ O ^* , which are then sprayed into the gasifier and reacted with garbage charcoal to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, At the same time, the residual charcoal is burned, and the ashes of the burnt can be used to produce cement or fertilizer. At the same time, the calcium oxide powder is sprayed into the gasification furnace, and the exothermic reaction of calcium oxide absorbing carbon dioxide is used to provide the heat required for drying, pyrolysis and gasification of the garbage fuel in the furnace, so as to reduce the electric energy of the plasma spray gun Consumption; in the gasification furnace, calcium oxide absorbs carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate, which is mixed with gasified products and flue gas generated in the furnace, drawn from the front end of the furnace, separated by a gas-solid separator, and the separated gasified products and flue gas Return to the gasification furnace from the back end of the furnace through a circulation loop for circular gasification, and the separated calcium carbonate is sent to the calcium oxide regeneration furnace for calcination at a temperature of 900-1100°C to regenerate calcium carbonate into calcium oxide powder. Then the calcium oxide powder is sent to the gasifier for recycling. In this example, since no air or oxygen is used to support combustion, the synthesis gas generated by the gasifier has high calorific value and good quality, and can be used not only as city gas, but also as raw material gas for producing hydrogen, methanol, and dimethyl ether.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the system that domestic waste incineration method transforms mainly consists of unloading platform (45), rubbish storage pit (39), crane driving (51), rolling machine (7), air-drying tunnel (14) ), incinerator (18), air preheater (19), quenching tower (20), dust collector (21), purification tower (23), chimney (22) and digester (33), wherein: incinerator (18) It is an incinerator with flue gas circulation mode. The flue gas circulation loop outside the furnace is formed by the flue gas circulation pipe (1803) and the circulation fan (1817). Between the flue gas input interface (1819); the front feed port (1801) of the incinerator (18) has the discharge port of the screw feeder (1827) to access, and the screw feeder (1827) has a hopper (1828 ); a pot shell (1812) is arranged above the combustion zone of the incinerator (18), and a flue gas output interface (1810) is arranged on the pot shell (1812); The air output interface (1810) is connected; there is a screw propeller (10) in the air-drying tunnel (14) to push the air-dried material, and the screw pusher (10) is driven by a gearbox arranged outside the air-drying tunnel. When the system is put into operation, the garbage transport vehicle unloads the garbage into the garbage storage pit (39) on the unloading platform (45), and the crane driving (51) uses the grab bucket (49) to drop the garbage from the garbage storage pit (39) into the garbage storage pit (39). The hopper (1) of the sorting machine (2). The organic waste outlet (4) of the garbage sorting machine (2) is connected to the feed port (6) of the roller compactor (7) through the conveyor belt (5), and the discharge port (8) of the roller compactor (7) is connected to To the hopper (9) of the air-drying tunnel (14), the material outlet (16) of the air-drying tunnel (14) is connected to the hopper (1828) of the incinerator (18), and the flue gas output interface (1810) of the incinerator (18) passes through The smoke pipe is connected to the air preheater (19), and the air preheater (19) is connected to the quench tower (20) by the smoke pipe, and the quench tower (20) is connected to the dust collector (21) by the smoke pipe, and the dust collector (21 ) is connected to the suction port of the induced draft fan (26) through the smoke pipe, and the air outlet of the induced fan (26) is connected to the flue gas input interface (234) of the purification tower (23) through the smoke pipe, and the flue gas is purified and removed in the tower After the foamer (232) removes the water foam, it is drawn out of the purification tower from the flue gas output interface (231), and the flue gas output interface (231) of the purification tower (23) is connected to the suction port of the induced draft fan (27) through a smoke pipe, and the induced draft fan The air outlet of (27) is connected to chimney (22) by flue pipe, and the flue gas after the purification is discharged into atmosphere by chimney (22); The ash discharged from the furnace enters the water-sealed slag pool. In this embodiment, the inorganic matter discharged from the inorganic matter outlet (3) of the garbage sorting machine (2) is sent into the inorganic matter storage pit (41) through the conveyer belt (42), and a magnetic separator is set above the conveyer belt (42). machine (43), used to recycle scrap iron, and the recycled scrap iron is sent to the scrap metal storage pit (40); the garbage leachate received from the garbage sorting machine (2) is sent to the digester through the conveying pipe (35) The feed port (332) of the device (33); the rubbish rolling fluid received from the rolling machine (7) is sent to the feed port (332) of the digester (33) through the delivery pipe (34); The garbage leachate in the pit (39) merges into the pool pit (37), and then is sent into the feed inlet (332) of the digester (33) through the delivery pump (38) and the delivery pipe (36); the digester (33) The generated biogas is sent to the biogas combustion spray gun (1818) by the output interface (331) and the biogas delivery pipe (32), and is used as auxiliary fuel for the incinerator; the air above the garbage unloading platform (45) and the garbage storage pit (39) Sent into the air delivery pipe (53) through the exhaust fans (48) and (52) respectively, and then into the air preheater (19) through the blower (17), and the heated hot air passes through the air duct and the air inlet of the air-drying tunnel. The interface (15) enters the air-drying tunnel (14), and is extracted from the air outlet interface (12) of the air-drying tunnel after the action, and is sent to the deodorizing purifier (13) through the air duct and the induced draft fan (11) to be discharged after treatment; the air preheater (19) is connected to the air volume regulator (28) through the air duct, and the air volume regulator (28) is connected to the primary combustion-supporting air input interface (1820) of the incinerator. During operation, the temperature of the primary combustion-supporting air input into the furnace is controlled. Between 120 and 180°C; the suction port of the high-pressure fan (17b) is connected to the air pipe (53), and the air outlet of the high-pressure fan (17b) is connected to the secondary air heating coil of the air preheater (19). The secondary air heating coil is connected to the secondary air spray gun (1816) of the incinerator, and the heated hot air is sprayed into the incinerator to stir and support combustion; the auxiliary equipment of the purification tower (23) has an absorbent delivery pump (29) and Absorbent replenishment chamber (30), absorbent delivery pump (29) and its connecting pipes constitute the absorbent circulation loop, and the outlet of absorbent delivery pump (29) is connected to the absorbent nozzle interface (233) of purification tower (23) , calcium hydroxide slurry or sodium hydroxide solution is sprayed in the tower, and then returns to the delivery pump (29) through the return interface (235) and the connecting pipeline, and the absorbent replenishment warehouse (30) is connected to the absorbent delivery pump (29) on the suction circuit.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the difference between the system of domestic waste incineration conversion and the embodiment in Fig. 4 is that the air-drying tunnel (14) and the flue gas circulation incinerator (18) are coaxially connected and combined into one , the front half is an air-drying tunnel, the second half is a flue gas circulation incinerator, and the circulating flue gas output interface (1802) is connected from the junction of the air-drying tunnel (14) and the incinerator (18), and then passes through the flue gas circulation pipe ( 1803) and circulating blower (1817) are connected to the circulating flue gas input interface (1819) at the rear of the furnace; a screw extruder (54) is arranged on the front end face of the air-drying tunnel (14), and the screw extruder (54 ) has the function of extruding dehydration and sending the material into the air-drying tunnel, and the garbage leachate extruded by the screw extruder (54) is sent into the feed port (332) of the digester (33) through the delivery pipe; An air chamber (1831) is arranged below the combustion area of the furnace, and there is a fire grate between the combustion area of the incinerator and the air chamber (1831). Enter the combustion zone through the air holes of the grate.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the system of domestic garbage gasification conversion mainly consists of unloading platform (45), garbage storage pit (39), crane driving (51), garbage sorting machine (2), rolling machine (7), air drying tunnel (14), gasifier (18b), plasma spray gun (60), air preheater (19), waste heat boiler (55), quench tower (20), dust collector (21) , purification tower (23), liquid remover (56), compressor (57), cooler (58), synthesis gas storage cabinet (59) and digester (33), wherein: gasifier (18b) It is a plasma gasification furnace with flue gas circulation mode. The plasma spray gun (60) is installed on the side wall of the combustion zone of the gasification furnace. The flue gas circulation loop outside the furnace is composed of a flue gas circulation pipe (1803) and a circulation fan (1817 ), the flue gas circulation loop is connected between the circulating flue gas output interface (1802) at the front of the gasifier and the circulating flue gas input interface (1819) at the rear of the gasifier; the front end of the gasifier (18b) feeds The port (1801) is connected to the outlet of the screw feeder (1827), and the screw feeder (1827) has a hopper (1828); there is also a biogas input port (1818b) on the side wall of the combustion zone of the gasifier The synthesis gas output interface (1810b) is connected from the middle position of the gasifier (18b); there is a screw propeller (10) in the air-drying tunnel (14), which is used to promote the air-dried material, and the screw propeller (10) is arranged on the Gearbox drive outside the air drying tunnel. When the system is put into operation, the garbage transport vehicle unloads the garbage into the garbage storage pit (39) on the unloading platform (45), and the crane driving (51) uses the grab bucket (49) to drop the garbage from the garbage storage pit (39) into the garbage storage pit (39). The hopper (1) of the sorting machine (2). The organic waste outlet (4) of the garbage sorting machine (2) is connected to the feed port (6) of the roller compactor (7) through the conveyor belt (5), and the discharge port (8) of the roller compactor (7) is connected to To the hopper (9) of the air-drying tunnel (14), the material outlet (16) of the air-drying tunnel (14) is connected to the hopper (1828) of the gasifier (18b), and the synthesis gas output interface (1810b) of the gasifier (18b) ) is connected to the air preheater (19) through pipelines, and the air preheater (19) is connected to the waste heat boiler (55) through pipelines, and the waste heat boiler (55) is connected to the quenching tower (20) through pipelines, and the quenching tower (20) Connect to dust collector (21) by pipeline, the gas outlet of dust collector (21) is connected to the syngas input interface (234) of purification tower (23) by induced draft fan (26) and connecting pipeline, the synthetic gas of purification tower (23) The gas output interface (231) is connected to the dehydrator (56) through a pipeline, and the dehydrator (56) is connected to the suction interface of the compressor (57) through a pipeline, and the exhaust interface of the compressor (57) is connected to the air outlet through a pipeline. The cooler (58), the cooler (58) is connected to the syngas storage tank (59) through pipelines; there is a water-sealed slag pool (31) under the tail end of the gasifier (18b), and the ash discharged from the gasifier The slag enters the water-sealed slag pool. In this embodiment, the inorganic matter discharged from the inorganic matter outlet (3) of the garbage sorting machine (2) is sent into the storage pit (41) by the conveyor belt (42), and the magnetic separator ( 43), used for reclaiming scrap iron, and the scrap iron that reclaims is sent into scrap metal storage pit (40); The liquid receiving tray of garbage sorting machine (2) is connected to the feed of digester (33) by conveying pipe (35) port (332); the liquid receiving tray of the rolling machine (7) is connected to the feed port (332) of the digester (33) through the delivery pipe (34); the garbage leachate from the garbage storage pit (39) flows into the pool pit (37), is sent into the feed inlet (332) of digester (33) by delivery pump (38) and delivery pipe (36) again; (32) into the biogas input interface (1818b), and into the gasifier for reforming treatment; the air above the garbage unloading platform (45) and the garbage storage pit (39) is sent through the exhaust fan (48) and (52) respectively The input air duct (53) is sent into the air preheater (19) through the blower (17), and the hot air after heating enters the air drying tunnel (14) through the air duct and the air inlet interface (15) of the air drying tunnel. Afterwards, it is extracted from the air outlet interface (12) of the air-drying tunnel, and is discharged after being sent to the deodorizing purifier (13) for treatment by the air duct and induced draft fan (11); the auxiliary equipment of the purification tower (23) has an absorbent delivery pump (29) And the absorbent replenishing warehouse (30), the absorbent delivery pump (29) and its connecting pipes constitute the absorbent circulation loop, and the outlet of the absorbent delivery pump (29) is connected to the absorbent spray pipe interface (233) of the purification tower (23). ), calcium hydroxide slurry or sodium hydroxide solution is sprayed in the tower, and then returns to the delivery pump (29) through the return interface (235) and the connecting pipeline, and the absorbent replenishment warehouse (30) is connected to the absorbent delivery pump (29 ) on the suction circuit.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 7, the flue gas circulation incinerator is mainly composed of furnace body, flue gas circulation pipe (1803), circulation fan (1817), secondary air spray gun (1816), biogas combustion spray gun (1818), spiral feeder The feeder (1827), the garbage hopper (1828) and the boiler, wherein: the furnace body is composed of a revolving furnace wall, which is set with a high front and a low slope at the rear. The inner layer of the revolving furnace wall is a refractory layer (1806), and the middle layer It is an insulation layer (1805), and the outer layer is a steel shell (1804); the furnace body is divided into a drying zone (18-IV), a pyrolysis zone (18-III), a gasification/combustion zone (18 -I) and the second combustion zone (18-II), drying zone (18-IV), pyrolysis zone (18-III), gasification/combustion zone (18-I) and the second combustion zone (18- II) Adjacent to each other in sequence, the drying zone (18-IV) is at the front of the furnace, the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) is at the rear of the furnace, and the pyrolysis zone (18-III) is at the drying zone (18-IV) and the gasification/combustion zone (18-I), the second combustion zone (18-II) is above the gasification/combustion zone (18-I), and the second combustion zone (18- II) there is a reflective arch (1815), and a burner (1814) is formed between the front and rear reflective arches; there is a feeding port (1801) at the front end of the drying area (18-IV), and the screw feeder (1827) from The feeding port (1801) is connected to the furnace, and the garbage hopper (1828) is on the screw feeder (1827); there is a circulating flue gas output interface (1802) above the front of the drying area (18-IV); biogas combustion The spray gun (1818) is connected from the gasification/combustion zone (18-I), and the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) is also connected to the circulating flue gas input interface (1819); the slag outlet (1822) is connected to the Tail; the primary combustion air input interface (1820) is connected from above the slag outlet at the rear of the furnace; the secondary air spray gun (1816) is connected from the reflective arch wall (1815) of the second combustion zone (18-II); flue gas The circulation pipe (1803) is connected between the circulating flue gas output interface (1802) and the suction port of the circulating fan (1817), and the air outlet of the circulating fan (1817) is connected to the circulating flue gas input interface (1819); A boiler is arranged above the zone (18-II), and the boiler is composed of a pot shell (1812), a fire tube (1811), a flue gas chamber (1809) and a flue gas chamber (1813), and the flue gas chamber (1813) passes through the fire tube ( 1811) communicates with the flue gas chamber (1809), and the incinerated flue gas outlet (1810) is connected from the flue gas chamber (1809); there is an ignition/operating door (1821) on the end face of the tail end of the incinerator, and in the pyrolysis zone (18 There are temperature sensors (1807) on the side walls of -III), sight mirrors (1823) and temperature sensors (1824) are arranged on the side walls of the gasification/combustion zone (18-I), and in the second combustion zone (18-I) II) There are sight glass (1825) and temperature sensor on the side wall (1826). In this implementation, the refractory furnace wall (1806) and reflective arch (1815) of the incinerator are poured with alumina cement refractory concrete, the insulation layer (1805) is made of aluminum silicate wool board, and the refractory furnace wall of the gyratory has heat storage and heat accumulation It is easy to completely burn the garbage fuel. During operation of this embodiment: control the operating temperature of the pyrolysis zone at 300-800°C, control the operating temperature of the gasification/combustion zone at 1000-1200°C, and control the operating temperature of the second combustion zone at 1000-1250°C , control the operating pressure of the garbage fuel inlet and the second combustion zone to normal pressure or negative pressure 20-30Pa; the screw feeder (1827) sends the garbage fuel into the furnace from the front end of the incinerator, so that the garbage fuel fills the furnace cavity , the combustion-supporting air is sent into the flue gas circulation incinerator from the primary combustion-supporting air input interface (1820) at the rear end of the furnace, and the waste fuel passes through the drying zone (18-IV), pyrolysis zone (18-III), gasification / Combustion zone (18-I), garbage fuel escapes water vapor in the drying zone (18-IV), volatilizes in the pyrolysis zone (18-III) to form gasification products of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and low molecular hydrocarbons, garbage The volatile matter escaped from the fuel becomes garbage charcoal, and the garbage charcoal burns in the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) until it burns to ashes. The generated gasification product runs in reverse with the garbage fuel through the gap of the garbage fuel, and the gasification product acts as a heat carrier at the same time, providing the heat generated by the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) to the garbage fuel for pyrolysis in the form of convective heat transfer For gasification and drying, gasification products generated in the furnace are mixed with flue gas (including carbon particles and water vapor), and the circulating flue gas output interface (1802) at the front end of the drying area passes through the flue gas circulation pipe outside the furnace ( 1803) and circulation fan (1817) return to the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) at the rear end of the furnace to carry out circulation gasification combustion, wherein the water vapor in the flue gas reacts with the red-hot garbage charcoal to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen When it encounters combustion-supporting air for combustion, the carbon particles in the flue gas and water vapor undergo a water-gas reaction in an environment of 1000-1200 °C to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The environment is effectively disintegrated; the unburned combustible gas and suspended combustible particles in the furnace are stirred by the secondary air in the second combustion zone (18-II), fully mixed with the air and completely combusted, and at the same time Further disintegrate the highly toxic dioxins and furans, and reduce the pollutants in the exhaust gas. The control of the operating pressure and operating temperature in the furnace is achieved by adjusting the feed rate, primary combustion air volume, flue gas circulation and flue gas extraction. The heat generated by the incineration of garbage is absorbed by the boiler to produce steam or hot water. The steam is used to generate electricity, and the hot water is provided for production or domestic use.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the flue gas circulation incinerator differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 in that: a front air chamber (1831) and a rear air chamber (1831) are arranged below the gasification/combustion zone (18-I) Chamber (1829), gasification/combustion zone (18-I) and air chamber (1831), (1829) are separated by reciprocating fire grate (1833), and reciprocating fire grate (1833) is separated by fire grate gearbox (1835 ) drive; the primary combustion air enters the front air chamber (1831) and the rear air chamber (1829) respectively from the front air door (1832) and the rear air door (1830), and then enters the gasification/combustion zone through the ventilation holes of the fixed grate (1833) (18-I); the circulating flue gas input interface (1819) is connected from the top of the slag outlet (1822) at the rear of the incinerator.

Claims (8)

1. A domestic waste conversion system that does not use conventional fuel for combustion, including domestic waste gasification equipment, is characterized in that the system is mainly composed of waste sorting machine (2), rolling machine (7), air-drying tunnel (14), gasification Furnace (18b), quenching tower (20), dust collector (21), purification tower (23), compressor (57) and synthesis gas storage tank (59), wherein: the organic matter of garbage sorting machine (2) Garbage outlet (4) is connected to the feeding opening (6) of rolling machine (7), and the discharge opening (8) of rolling machine (7) is connected to the hopper (9) of air-drying tunnel (14), and air-drying tunnel ( The material outlet (16) of 14) is connected to the hopper (1828) of the gasification furnace (18b), and the synthesis gas output interface (1810b) of the gasification furnace (18b) is connected to the quenching tower (20), and the quenching tower (20) is connected to To the dust collector (21), the gas outlet of the dust collector (21) is connected to the synthesis gas input interface (234) of the purification tower (23) through the induced draft fan (26), and the synthesis gas output interface (231) of the purification tower (23) Connect to the suction port of the compressor (57), and the exhaust port of the compressor (57) is connected to the synthesis gas storage tank (59). 2. A kind of domestic waste conversion system without conventional fuel combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that an air preheater (19) and an air preheater (19) and Waste heat boiler (55); when air preheater (19) and waste heat boiler (55) are set between gasifier (18b) and quench tower (20), change gasifier (18b) and quench tower (20 ) is connected as follows: the syngas output interface (1810b) of the gasifier (18b) is connected to the air preheater (19), the air preheater (19) is connected to the waste heat boiler (55), and the waste heat boiler (55 ) is connected to the quench tower (20). 3. A kind of domestic garbage conversion system without conventional fuel combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that a liquid remover (56) is also added between the purification tower (23) and the synthesis gas storage tank (59) and cooler (58); when adding liquid remover (56) and cooler (58) between purification tower (23) and synthesis gas storage cabinet (59), change purification tower (23) and synthesis gas storage The connection between the gas cabinets (59) is: the synthesis gas output interface (231) of the purification tower (23) is connected to the liquid remover (56), and the liquid remover (56) is connected to the suction port of the compressor (57) , the exhaust port of the compressor (57) is connected to the cooler (58), and the cooler (58) is connected to the synthesis gas storage tank (59). 4. A kind of domestic waste conversion system without conventional fuel combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that there is also a digester (33) in the system, and the liquid receiving tray of the roller compactor (7) is connected to the digester (33 ) feed port (332). 5. A domestic waste conversion system without conventional fuel combustion, including domestic waste incineration equipment, characterized in that the system is at least composed of a rolling machine (7), an air-drying tunnel (14), an incinerator (18), and a purification tower (23) Composed of chimney (22), wherein: the discharge port (8) of rolling machine (7) is connected to the hopper (9) of air-drying tunnel (14), and the material outlet (16) of air-drying tunnel (14) is connected to incinerator The hopper (1828) of (18), the flue gas output interface (1810) of incinerator (18) is connected to the flue gas input interface (234) of purification tower (23), the flue gas output interface (231) of purification tower (23) ) is connected to the chimney (22) by induced draft fan (27). 6. A domestic waste conversion system without conventional fuel combustion according to claim 5, characterized in that an air preheater is also arranged between the flue gas output interface (1810) of the incinerator and the purification tower (23) (19), quenching tower (20) and deduster (21); when air preheater (19), quenching tower (20) are set between the flue gas output interface (1810) of incinerator and purification tower (23) and dust remover (21), change the connection between the flue gas output interface (1810) of the incinerator and the purification tower (23) to be: the flue gas output interface (1810) is connected to the air preheater (19), and the air preheater Heater (19) is connected to quench tower (20), and quench tower (20) is connected to deduster (21), and deduster (21) is connected to the flue gas input interface of purification tower (23) by induced draft fan (26) ( 234); 7. A domestic waste conversion system without conventional fuel combustion according to claim 5, characterized in that there is a pot shell (1812) on the incinerator (18), and the flue gas output interface (1810) is on the pot shell (1812) ), the combustion chamber of the incinerator (18) communicates with the flue gas output interface (1810) through the fire pipe in the pot shell (1812). 8. A kind of domestic waste conversion system without conventional fuel combustion according to claim 5, characterized in that there is also a digester (33) in the system, and the liquid receiving tray of the roller compactor (7) is connected to the digester (33 ) feed port (332).

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