CN201267903Y - Ring surface worm screw numerically controlled machine of virtual rotation center - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a toroidal worm CNC machine tool with a virtual rotary center, which comprises a bed, a spindle system, a tool table longitudinal feed system, a tool table transverse feed system and a control system, and also includes a tool table rotary system, a tool table The slewing system includes a slewing drive motor and a slewing speed change transmission mechanism. The power input end of the slewing speed transmission mechanism is connected to the slewing drive motor, and the power output end is connected to the tool table. The tool table is driven around the axis perpendicular to the transverse feed direction and the longitudinal feed direction Rotation; the main shaft system, the tool table longitudinal feed system, the tool table lateral feed system and the tool table rotary system are controlled by the control system. The purpose of machining a large center distance toroidal worm on a machine tool with a large center distance is to reduce the lateral size of the machine tool, occupy a small area, and effectively reduce production costs; it can be used to process all types of worms and has strong versatility.

Description

Toroidal Worm Numerical Control Machine Tool with Virtual Center of Rotation

technical field

The utility model relates to a toroidal worm numerical control machine tool, which is a toroidal worm numerical control machine tool with a virtual rotary center.

Background technique

Worm drive is one of the main mechanical transmissions commonly used in mechanical equipment. It mainly has the characteristics of wide range of transmission ratio (usually the first-stage transmission ratio can reach 5-100), compact structure, small size, stable movement, and low noise. In the transmission system, it has a shrinking effect on the upstream error, so it is often used in precision circular indexing mechanisms.

Worm drive mainly includes cylindrical worm drive, toroidal worm drive and conical worm drive; It has the advantages of higher carrying capacity, transmission efficiency, long life, and small average indexing error, and is more suitable for important occasions, such as various metallurgy, mining, oil extraction, coal mines, chemicals, ships, rail transit, artillery, Elevators and general equipment, etc.

The toroidal worm can be subdivided into concave torus and convex torus. The processing of its teeth is different from that of the cylindrical worm. During processing, the worm workpiece rotates around its own axis, while cutting or grinding the thread teeth of the worm The tool rotates around the axis at a certain vertical distance from the worm axis according to a certain transmission ratio.

In the prior art, the tooth profile cutting or grinding of the toroidal worm is generally carried out on a special machine refitted with a gear hobbing machine or a lathe.

There are following defects in the above processing:

1. The machine tools used to process four types of worms, such as cylindrical worm, conical worm, concave toroidal worm, and convex toroidal worm, are generally not versatile, especially for processing conical worms, concave toroidal worms, and convex toroidal worms. They need to be carried out on their own private planes.

2. The functions of various types of worm processing machine tools are generally relatively single, and turning, milling, and grinding generally need to be performed on different machine tools.

3. For all toroidal worm processing machine tools, when processing concave toroidal worms, the actual center distance between the rotary axis of the tool table and the axis of the worm must not be less than the worm composed of the processed concave toroidal worm and the matching worm gear The center distance of transmission and the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the machine tool are large, which not only occupies a large area, but also is heavy and uneconomical; in addition, if the existing gear hobbing machine is used to modify the special machine, although the center distance can be met, the length of the worm cannot be satisfied. Requirements; If the existing lathe is used to refit the special machine, although the length requirement of the worm can be met, the center distance requirement cannot be met.

Therefore, there is a need for a toroidal worm CNC machine tool that can process a large center-to-center distance toroidal worm with a small center-to-centre distance. It has low cost, compact structure, small footprint, and versatility. It can be used for multiple purposes when processing worms. .

Utility model content

In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a virtual rotary center toroidal worm CNC machine tool, which can reduce the longitudinal and lateral dimensions of the machine tool, has low cost, compact structure, and small footprint; it can be used to process all types of worms, Strong versatility, one machine with multiple functions.

The toroidal worm CNC machine tool of the virtual rotary center of the utility model includes a bed, a spindle system, a tool table longitudinal feed system, a tool table lateral feed system and a control system, the spindle system, the tool table longitudinal feed system and The tool table lateral feed system is controlled by the control system, and also includes a tool table rotary system. The tool table rotary system includes a rotary drive motor and a rotary speed transmission mechanism. The power input end of the rotary speed transmission mechanism is connected to the rotary drive motor. The power output end is connected with the tool table, and the tool table is driven to rotate around an axis perpendicular to the transverse feed direction and the longitudinal feed direction; the tool table rotary system is controlled by the control system.

Further, the rotary speed change transmission mechanism includes a worm gear and a worm matched with it, the worm is connected with the rotary drive motor, the worm gear is arranged on the worm gear shaft in a fixed manner in the circumferential direction, and the worm gear shaft and the tool table are in the circumferential direction upper fixed connection;

Further, the tool table longitudinal feed system is a longitudinal ball screw structure driven by a longitudinal drive motor, the tool table lateral feed system is a lateral ball screw structure driven by a lateral drive motor, and the tool table lateral feed system is arranged on the tool table On the longitudinal moving part of the longitudinal feeding system, the tool table rotary system is arranged on the lateral moving part of the tool table lateral feeding system;

Further, the longitudinally moving parts include a longitudinally moving nut matched with a longitudinal ball screw, a longitudinally moving slide box fixedly connected with the longitudinally moving nut, and a longitudinally moving slide plate fixedly arranged on the longitudinally moving slide box; The moving part includes a lateral movement nut matched with a transverse ball screw and a transverse movement slide box fixedly connected with the transverse movement nut; the transverse movement slide box is arranged on the longitudinal movement slide plate through a transverse slide track; it also includes a worm gear box, the rotary drive motor and the worm gear box are arranged on the laterally moving slide box, and the worm gear and the worm screw matching pair are installed in the worm gear box;

Further, the spindle system includes a spindle motor, a spindle and a workpiece fixture, and the spindle motor drives the spindle through a transmission chain to drive the workpiece fixture to rotate;

Further, the spindle motor, the longitudinal drive motor, the transverse drive motor and the rotary drive motor are all servo motors;

Further, a turning tool holder, a milling head or a grinding head is installed on the tool table.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the toroidal worm numerical control machine tool of the virtual rotary center of the utility model adopts the tool table rotary system to drive the tool table to rotate around the axis perpendicular to the transverse feed direction and the longitudinal feed direction, so that the tool table On the basis of longitudinal feed and lateral feed, the self-rotation and revolution are realized, and the rotation of the workpiece is added, which conforms to the commonly used circular-arc rotary surface worm, that is, the formation principle of the concave circular surface worm or the convex circular surface worm thread, and realizes the use of The machine tool with small center distance is used to process the toroidal worm with large center distance, the lateral size of the machine tool is greatly reduced, the floor space is small, the cost is saved, and the production cost is effectively reduced; the four movements of the utility model can be single-action controlled, and can also be Any combination can be used for linkage control, so it can be used to process all types of worms, with strong versatility and one machine with multiple functions.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described further.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the utility model control schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the utility model utilizing the function of the virtual center of rotation to process the concave toroidal worm;

Fig. 5 is a principle diagram of the utility model utilizing the function of the virtual center of rotation to process the convex toroidal worm.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model, and Fig. 2 is a top view of Fig. 1, as shown in the figure: the toroidal worm numerical control machine tool of the virtual rotary center of the present embodiment includes a bed 1, a spindle system, and a tool table for longitudinal feed System, tool table lateral feed system and control system 28, spindle system, longitudinal feed system and lateral feed system are controlled by control system 28; In the present embodiment, the spindle system includes spindle motor 10, spindle 12 and workpiece fixture 13, The main shaft motor 10 and the transmission chain 11 are arranged in the spindle box 2, and the main shaft 12 is driven by the transmission chain 11 to drive the workpiece fixture 13 to rotate. During work, the workpiece 14 is clamped by the workpiece fixture 13, and the rear end is supported by the tailstock 15. To ensure the stability during processing; the longitudinal feed system of the tool table is a longitudinal ball screw structure driven by a longitudinal drive motor 16, including a longitudinal ball screw 17, a longitudinal movement nut 18 matched with the longitudinal ball screw 17, and a longitudinal movement nut 18 fixedly connected longitudinally moving slide box 4, the longitudinally moving slide plate 5 fixedly arranged on the longitudinally moving slide box 4 and the longitudinal drive motor 16 in the longitudinally moving slide box 3, the longitudinally moving slide box 4 can be vertically The way of moving is set on the longitudinal guide rail 19; the tool table transverse feed system is a transverse ball screw structure driven by a transverse drive motor 20, including a transverse ball screw 21, a transverse movement nut 22 matched with the transverse ball screw 21, and The lateral movement slide box 7 fixedly connected with the transverse movement nut 22 and the transverse drive motor 20 arranged in the transverse axle box 6; the transverse movement slide box 7 is arranged on the longitudinal movement slide plate 5 through the transverse sliding track 23;

It also includes a tool table rotary system, which is arranged on the lateral moving parts of the tool table lateral feed system, including a rotary drive motor 24 and a rotary speed transmission mechanism; in this embodiment, the rotary speed transmission mechanism includes a precision worm gear 26 and The precision worm 25 matched with it has precise transmission, no vibration, and is convenient for operation and control; the precision worm 25 is connected with the rotary drive motor 24, and the precision worm wheel 26 is arranged on the worm gear shaft in a fixed manner in the circumferential direction, and the worm gear shaft and the tool table 9 are fixedly connected in the circumferential direction, and the tool table 9 is driven to rotate around the axis perpendicular to the transverse feed direction and the longitudinal feed direction; the tool table rotary system is controlled by the control system 28 to complete the rotation; the precision worm gear 26 and The precision worm 25 cooperates and is installed in the worm gear box 8, and the rotary drive motor 24 and the worm gear box 8 are arranged on the laterally moving sliding board box 7.

In the present embodiment, the main shaft motor 10, the longitudinal drive motor 16, the transverse drive motor 20 and the rotary drive motor 24 are all servo motors, the transmission is accurate, and it is easy to control; the tool table 9 of the present embodiment can be equipped with a turning tool holder and a milling head Or grinding head, the utility model just can be used for making the turning or milling or grinding numerical control machine tool of processing torus worm respectively.

Fig. 3 is the control schematic diagram of the utility model, as shown in the figure: 29 is the longitudinal displacement sensor of the tool table, 30 is the lateral displacement sensor of the tool table, 31 is the workpiece detection displacement sensor, and 32 is the rotation detection sensor of the tool table; After the signal, the signal is transmitted to the control system 28, and the control system 28 issues instructions according to the signal to drive the spindle motor 10, the longitudinal drive motor 16, the horizontal drive motor 20 and the rotary drive motor 24 to complete single action or linkage, thereby completing the workpiece processing process.

绕0回转的运动，等效地分解为如下运动：直线刀刃27以ω₀随工具台9绕中心O₀作回转运动(Y向)和由工具台9的回转中心通过横向(X向)平移和纵向(Y向)平移合成以0为圆心的圆弧运动。此时的机床实际加工中心距at远小于设计和理论要求的中心距a，实现了用小中心距加工制造大中心距环面蜗杆的目的，大大减小机床的横向尺寸。Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the utility model utilizing the function of the virtual center of rotation to process the concave toroidal worm, and Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the utility model to process the convex toroidal worm with the function of the virtual center of rotation, as shown in the figure: the workpiece 14 is wound around Its axis rotates with angular velocity ω ₁ (A in the figure), and at this moment, the straight-edged cutter 27 fixed on the tool table 9 rotates with angular velocity ω ₂ with the tool table 9 under the drive of the tool table rotary system (Y in the figure). To), through X, Z linkage, move along a circular arc curve track, realize the circular motion with 0 as the center, make the straight edge tool 27 keep tangent to the base circle with the center as 0 and the radius as r _b ; Like this, the locus surface that straight line blade 27 forms on the worm screw is exactly the helical tooth surface of straight profile toroidal worm;

The motion of turning around 0 is equivalently decomposed into the following motion: the linear blade 27 follows the tool table 9 around the center O ₀ with ω ₀ to make a rotary motion (Y direction) and the center of rotation of the tool table 9 through the lateral (X direction) translation and vertical (Y direction) translation to synthesize a circular motion with 0 as the center. At this time, the actual machining center distance at of the machine tool is much smaller than the center distance a required by the design and theory, realizing the purpose of manufacturing a large center distance toroidal worm with a small center distance, and greatly reducing the lateral size of the machine tool.

When only the A, X, and Z axes are linked, the machine tool can be used to process conical worms; it is also suitable for machining complex rotary surface parts; when only the A, Z axes are linked, the machine tool can be used to process cylindrical worms ; It is also suitable for processing cylindrical surfaces or cylindrical threaded parts, therefore, the utility model has relatively strong versatility.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model without limitation. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the utility model can be Modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the utility model shall be covered by the claims of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A toroidal worm numerical control machine tool of a virtual center of rotation, comprising a bed (1), a main shaft system, a tool table longitudinal feed system, a tool table lateral feed system and a control system (28), the main shaft system, the tool The table longitudinal feed system and the tool table transverse feed system are controlled by the control system (28), which is characterized in that: it also includes a tool table rotary system, and the tool table rotary system includes a rotary drive motor (24) and a rotary speed change transmission mechanism , the power input end of the rotary transmission mechanism is connected to the rotary drive motor (24), the power output end is connected to the tool table (9), and the tool table (9) is driven around the axis perpendicular to the transverse feed direction and the longitudinal feed direction Rotation; the tool table rotary system is controlled by a control system (28). 2. the toroidal worm numerical control machine tool of virtual center of revolution according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rotary speed change transmission mechanism comprises worm wheel (26) and the worm screw (25) that cooperates with it, and described worm screw (25) and The rotary drive motor (24) is connected, and the worm wheel (26) is arranged on the worm wheel shaft in a fixed manner in the circumferential direction, and the worm wheel shaft is fixedly connected with the tool table (9) in the circumferential direction. 3. the toroidal worm numerically controlled machine tool of the virtual center of rotation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the tool table longitudinal feed system is a longitudinal ball screw structure driven by a longitudinal drive motor (16), and the tool table laterally feeds The feeding system is a lateral ball screw structure driven by a lateral drive motor (20). The tool table lateral feed system is arranged on the longitudinal moving part of the tool table longitudinal feed system, and the tool table rotary system is arranged on the tool table lateral feed system. laterally moving parts. 4. The toroidal worm numerically controlled machine tool with a virtual center of rotation according to claim 3, characterized in that: said longitudinally moving parts include a longitudinally moving nut (18) cooperating with a longitudinal ball screw (17), and a longitudinally moving nut (18) fixedly connected longitudinally moving slide crate (4) and the longitudinally moving slide plate (5) fixedly arranged on the longitudinally moving slide crate (4); Cooperating lateral movement nut (22) and the transverse movement slide crate (7) that is fixedly connected with transverse movement nut (22); Described transverse movement slide crate (7) is arranged on longitudinal movement slide plate ( 5) above; it also includes a worm gear box (8), the rotary drive motor (24) and the worm gear box (8) are arranged on the laterally moving sliding board box (7), and the worm gear (26) and the worm screw (25) are installed in cooperation with the Inside the worm gear box (8). 5. the toroidal worm numerical control machine tool of virtual center of revolution according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described main shaft system comprises main shaft motor (10), main shaft (12) and workpiece fixture (13), described main shaft motor ( 10) Drive the spindle (12) through the drive chain (11) to drive the workpiece fixture (13) to rotate. 6. the toroidal worm numerical control machine tool of virtual center of revolution according to claim 5, is characterized in that: spindle motor (10), longitudinal drive motor (16), transverse drive motor (20) and rotary drive motor (24) all for the servo motor. 7. The toroidal worm CNC machine tool with a virtual rotary center according to claim 6, characterized in that: a turning tool holder, a milling head or a grinding head is installed on the tool table (9).

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