CN201266702Y - Power supply connector and terminal composite socle beam structure thereof - Google Patents
Power supply connector and terminal composite socle beam structure thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201266702Y CN201266702Y CNU2008201118829U CN200820111882U CN201266702Y CN 201266702 Y CN201266702 Y CN 201266702Y CN U2008201118829 U CNU2008201118829 U CN U2008201118829U CN 200820111882 U CN200820111882 U CN 200820111882U CN 201266702 Y CN201266702 Y CN 201266702Y
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- terminal
- power connector
- connector
- setting element
- base portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a power connector, which comprises an insulated body having a plurality of terminal holding channels. Each terminal holding channel holds a terminal pair comprising a pair of relatively arranged independent conductive terminals; wherein, the independent conductive terminal includes a first part made of a material with high transmission characteristic and a second part made of a material with high mechanical characteristic. The first part and the second part are connected together through a positioning element, and the supporting part of the second part ensures that a contact part of the first part used for electric power transmission does not overly deform under external pressure, thus ensuring the stability of electric power transmission.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of power connector, the particularly a kind of socket connector of transferring electric power between the circuit board and sub-assembly of pin connector of being used for.
Background technology
The designer of electronic circuit can pay close attention to two basic circuit parts usually; be logic (or signal) part and power unit; and when the design logic circuit; because the electric current that flows in logical circuit is lower; make the designer not will consider usually because state changes (as: temperature) any variation (as: impedance of circuit unit) in electric attribute that causes; yet; flowing of high electric current will make power circuit can change on electric attribute; therefore at being used in the power circuit and the power connector of design must can dispel the heat (mainly being produced by Joule effect), make the electric attribute variation that is caused because of the electric current change effectively to minimize.
United States Patent (USP) US6,319, the power connector assembly that discloses a kind of transferring electric power No. 075, form mutually on the circuit board by the socket connector and the pin connector of pairing grafting by being installed on for this power connector assembly, socket connector comprises the socket insulating body and is assembled in the interior female terminal group of socket insulating body that pin connector comprises the plug insulating body and is assembled in the interior male terminal group of plug insulating body.With reference to figure 1, each female terminal 10 includes the continuous large-area tabular body 12,14 of two-piece type in top side and upper and lower two of extending to form forward from the body front side are bending docking arm 16,20.When socket connector docks mutually and forms with pin connector when electrically conducting, the mutual Elastic Contact of the docking arm of male and female terminal, female terminal 10 is received the extruding force when male terminal inserts and is deformed, and the U type coupling part 42,44 of the upper end of the tabular body 12,14 of female terminal 10 can provide certain reaction support force, helps to keep the contact portion of female terminal 10 not because of stressed excessive deformation.Then; the female terminal that this patent disclosed is the single type structure; the terminal body junction is a U type structure; this structure need stamp out terminal body and then bending earlier; this bending processing procedure regular meeting causes terminal bending part be full of cracks, and then influence the conductivity of material characteristic and reduce quality, and terminal is subjected to temperatures involved to cause the metal internal stress to discharge when welding after the bending; causing terminal to extend out influences leg normotopia degree, occurs having some setbacks when causing engaging with circuit board or connector leg folding pin phenomenon.
Drawback at the female terminal that above patent disclosed, another part denomination of invention of applicant is " power connector assembly and a mutual-matching terminal thereof ", and application number is that 200820031892.1 Chinese utility application has disclosed a kind of improved female terminal to structure.With reference to figure 2, each female terminal is made up of two independently female terminals that are oppositely arranged 221,222 220.Each female terminal comprises that the base portion of rectangular flat shape, the installation foot that extends to form from base portion reach the contact arm that extends to form forward from base portion downwards.Female terminal of the present invention is a two-piece design, adopts the direct punching out of continuous stamping die, does not have the problem that above-mentioned bending produces, and can effectively promote quality, and can reduce time cost, makes product easy to assembly, the simple and stay in grade of processing procedure.Then, because separate no any connection or support between the female terminal 221,222, the extruding force that male terminal produces when inserting the contact arm of female terminal 221,222 may cause the contact arm of female terminal that bigger distortion or crumple take place, and influences the electric power transfer performance of female terminal 221,222.
So the terminal structure design at this type of power connector still has further improved space.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of power connector, and the improvement structural design of its terminal makes that the electric power transfer of power connector is more reliable and more stable.
To achieve these goals, the power connector of a kind of execution mode of the present utility model comprises having the insulating body that plurality of terminals is accommodated passage, and the terminal of accommodating an independent conducting terminal that comprises pair of opposing in each terminal accommodating passage is right; Wherein this independent conducting terminal comprises first that is made of high conduction characteristic material and the second portion that is made of high mechanical property material, and this first and second portion link together by setting element.
As further improvement of the utility model, described first comprises base portion and the contact site that extends out from base portion, and described second portion comprises and contacted fixed part of the base portion of first and the support portion that extends out and contact with the contact site of first from this fixed part.
As further improvement of the utility model, described setting element comprises first setting element that the base portion with first is connected with the fixed part of second portion, and the contact site of first is connected second setting element that is connected with the support portion of second portion, described first setting element comprises the opening on the base portion that is arranged on first and is arranged on the fixed part of second portion and the extensible shell fragment that snaps in this opening that described second setting element comprises the base portion that is arranged on first and the kink that contacts the junction and is arranged on the fixed part of second portion and the stop section of junction, support portion; This stop section is resisted against on this kink.
As further improvement of the utility model, the material of the described first that is made of high conduction characteristic material is a red metal, and the material of the described second portion that is made of high mechanical property material is a stainless steel.
As further improvement of the utility model, described power connector is a socket connector, described terminal to for the female terminal in the terminal accommodating passage of socket insulating body that is contained in socket connector right.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: at first, the structure of terminal is a two-piece design, and the simple and stay in grade of processing procedure can realize the high voltage and high current that is transmitted is carried out better shunting; Secondly, the composite construction that is provided with between the two-piece type terminal (high mechanical property material+high conduction characteristic material) can excessive deformation in the time of can guaranteeing to be subjected to extraneous pressure in the termination contact process, guarantees the stability of electric power transfer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic perspective view of known power connector conducting terminal;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of the known power connector conducting terminal of another kind;
Fig. 3 is the socket connector of the utility model power connector assembly and the three-dimensional combination figure after the pin connector butt joint;
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional exploded view of the utility model socket connector;
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of the female terminal of the utility model socket connector;
Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional exploded view of the utility model pin connector;
Fig. 7 is the stereogram of the male terminal of the utility model pin connector;
Fig. 8 is the female terminal of the utility model socket connector and three-dimensional combination figure after the male terminal of pin connector docks;
Fig. 9 is the vertical view corresponding to Fig. 8;
The three-dimensional partial schematic sectional view that Figure 10 cuts open along A-A line direction among Fig. 3 for the utility model power connector assembly;
The three-dimensional partial schematic sectional view that Figure 11 cuts open along B-B line direction among Fig. 3 for the utility model power connector assembly.
Embodiment
See also shown in Figure 3, the utility model power connector assembly comprises two, and mutually pairing and the power supply terminal by separately dock two power connectors realizing the high voltage and high current transmission mutually, be respectively first power connector and second source connector, first power connector comprises first insulating body and some first power supply terminals that are installed in first insulating body, the second source connector comprises second insulating body and the some second source terminals that are installed in the insulating body, first power connector is a socket connector 2 in the present embodiment, the second source connector is a pin connector 1, first power supply terminal that is installed in socket connector 2 is a female terminal, the second source terminal that is installed in pin connector 1 is a male terminal, pin connector 1 and socket connector 2 are used for being installed in respectively on the circuit board, the two can be pegged graft mutually and realize electrically conducting between power supply terminal male terminal and the female terminal, and then realizes two electric power transfer between the circuit board.
See also shown in Figure 4ly, socket connector 2 comprises socket insulating body 21, arrange the some female terminals be assembled in the socket insulating body 21 to 220 and first signal terminal set 23.First signal terminal set 23 is inserted in the some through holes that are arranged of socket insulating body 21 near middle position, and it comprises and is used for the rectangular some stitch shape signal terminals of being arranged in of transmission signals.
In the present embodiment, female terminal is to female terminal the 221, the 222nd in 220, face-to-face setting, and also all structures are the mirror image symmetry.Each female terminal is made up of two independently female terminals that are oppositely arranged 221,222 220.With reference to figure 5, female terminal comprises first 2203 that is made of high conduction characteristic material and the second portion 2213 that is made of high mechanical property material, and first 2203 and second portion 2213 link together by setting element.In the present embodiment, the high conduction material of first 2203 is a red metal, and red metal has good conductivity and thermal conductivity, and plasticity is fabulous, be easy to the processing of hot pressing and cold pressure, but the rigidity of red metal is relatively poor, deforms easily under the effect of external force; The high mechanical property material of second portion 2213 is a stainless steel, and stainless steel has very high mechanical strength and excellent corrosion resisting performance, is not easy under external force to deform.First 2203 comprises a flat base portion 2208, and the downside of base portion 2208 extends needle-like installation foot 2206 downwards, and the front end of base portion 2208 extends contact site 2210 forward, and contact site 2210 is beloid cantilever beam form.In the present embodiment, the installation foot 2206 of each female terminal is four, and the root edge from base portion 2208 rear portions extends downwards, is used for being soldered on the corresponding circuits plate by piercing welding technology (Through-Hole Technology).Certainly, in other embodiments, the number of installation foot 2206 can be looked design to be needed to change, and, installation foot 2206 also can adopt other common modes and syndeton circuit board, as adopt surface mounting technology (SMT) welding, and perhaps, forced compounding technique (Press-fit Technology).Second portion 2213 comprises fixed part 2218 and from the extended forward support portion 2220 of fixed part 2218.In the present embodiment, fixed part 2218 is the stainless steel substrates of primary flat inboard that are close to the base portion 2208 of first 2203, and support portion 2220 is the stainless steel substrates of primary flat inboard that are close to the contact site 2210 of first 2203.Setting element between first 2203 and the second portion 2213 comprises the base portion 2208 and first setting element of the fixed part 2218 of second portion 2213 and second setting element of the support portion 2220 of contact site 2210 that is connected and fixed first 2203 and second portion 2213 that is connected and fixed first 2203.In the present embodiment, first setting element comprises opening 2209 on the base portion 2208 that is arranged on first 2203 (cooperating with reference to figure 8) and is arranged on the fixed part 2218 of second portion 2213 and the effect of extending shell fragment 2219, the first setting elements that snap in this opening 2209 is second portion 2213 is close to and is connected in the first 2203 and limits second portion 2213 with respect to first 2203 direction C laterally mobile in Fig. 5.Second setting element comprises the kink 2211 of the base portion 2208 that is arranged on first 2203 and the junction of contact site 2210 and is arranged on the fixed part 2218 of second portion 2213 and the stop section 2221 of the junction of support portion 2220, and this stop section 2221 is close on the kink 2211 that is resisted against first and is limited second portion 2213 with respect to first 2203 laterally the moving of direction D in Fig. 5.
See also Fig. 6, pin connector 1 comprises plug insulating body 11, be assembled in male terminal in the plug insulating body 11 to 120 and secondary signal terminal group 13.Secondary signal terminal group 13 is inserted in the some through holes that are arranged near middle position of main part 110 of plug insulating body 11, comprise and be used for the rectangular some secondary signal terminals of being arranged in of transmission signals, the contact site of secondary signal terminal is two sheet resilient arm structure, is used for accommodating stitch shape first signal terminal of socket connector 2.
Each male terminal is made up of two independently male terminals that are oppositely arranged 121,122 120.With reference to figure 7, each male terminal comprises the main part 1201 of rectangular flat shape and the installation foot 1202 that autonomous body 1201 extends to form downwards, the front portion of main part 1201 is formed with contact site 1203, the contact area that the medial surface formation of contact site 1203 and the female terminal of socket connector 2 connect.In the present embodiment, the installation foot 1202 of each male terminal is four, and the root edge at autonomous body 1201 rear portions extends downwards, is used for being soldered on the corresponding circuits plate by piercing welding technology (Through-Hole Technology).Certainly, in other embodiments, the number of installation foot 1202 can be looked design to be needed to change, and, installation foot 1202 also can adopt other common modes and syndeton circuit board, as adopt surface mounting technology (SMT) welding, and perhaps, forced compounding technique (Press-fit Technology).Be formed with reversed acanthoid holding parts 1204 respectively at main part 1201 top side edge and bottom side edge.In the present embodiment, male terminal is to male terminal the 121, the 122nd in 120, is parallel to each other and keeps at a certain distance away face-to-face to form one and connect space 1205 (with reference to figure 9), and all structures are the mirror image symmetry, the holding parts 1204 that is positioned at main part 1201 top side edge is to be positioned near the centre position, the holding parts 1204 that is positioned at main part 1201 bottom side edge is to be positioned at installation foot 1202 the place aheads, and contact site 1203 front ends of male terminal have one to form guide portion 1206 (with reference to figure 9) to the angle.
With reference to figure 8 and Fig. 9, female terminal to 220 with after male terminal mutually docks 120, the contact site 2210 of the first 2203 of female terminal 221,222 is inserted into connecting in the space 1205 of male terminal 121,122, makes contact site 2210 and male terminal contact site 1203 be in contact with one another.Again with reference to Figure 10 and Figure 11, because male terminal 121,122 contact site 1203 is to be close on the sidewall of terminal accommodating passage 117 and by holding parts 1204 to be fixed in this terminal accommodating passage 117, so male terminal 121,122 main part 1201 and contact site 1203 are at female terminal 221, can not deform after 222 insertions, and because female terminal 221, two contact sites, the 2210 width sums of 222 first 2203 are slightly larger than male terminal 121, so 122 the width that connects space 1205 is female terminal 221, two contact sites 2210 of 222 first 2203 are from male terminal 121, the flexural deformation towards each other of the down inevitable generating plane of the compressing of the active force of 122 contact site 1203.Correspondingly, because the support portion 2220 of the second portion 2213 of female terminal 221,222 is made by high-intensity stainless steel substrates, this support portion 2220 provides the contact site 2210 of a reverse supporting role power to the first 2203 that deforms, the contact site 1203 that this reaction force can partly be eliminated male terminal 121,122 imposes on the contention effect power of the contact site 2210 of female terminal 221,222, makes the deflection of contact site 2210 of female terminal 221,222 reduce.
The female terminal of the utility model power connector both had been a two-piece design, and each mother has adopted first and the second portion that is divided into two kinds of unlike materials again.The advantage of two-piece design is to adopt the direct punching out terminal of continuous stamping die, there is not the problem that above-mentioned bending produces, can effectively promote quality, and can reduce time cost, make product easy to assembly, simple and the stay in grade of processing procedure can realize again the high voltage and high current that is transmitted is carried out better shunting, makes terminal can conduct higher electric current and voltage in the conductivity of material characteristic specifications; Further, adopt the first of unlike material and the advantage of second portion to be: the first with high conduction characteristic can keep the requirement of conducting terminal electric power transfer to the terminal material, can excessive deformation when the second portion with high mechanical property can guarantee to be subjected to extraneous pressure in the termination contact process, further guarantee the stability of electric power transfer.
Certainly, the above execution mode of lifting only is better embodiment of the present utility model, the utility model can also have many other execution modes, for example, the position of the first of conducting terminal and the setting element between the second portion and structure can be adjusted as required in other embodiments, for example second portion is being bonded together by bonding, so just saving the step that opening and Location resilient piece additionally are set on first and second portion.Again for example, in other embodiments, the high conduction characteristic material of first can be made by copper alloy or the gold-plated material of contact surface, makes and the high mechanical property material of second portion can be different from stainless material by other.Again for example, pin connector 1 and socket connector 2 also can be designed to one of them and be installed on the circuit boards such as mainboard, and another is connected with cable, that is one installation foot also can adopt the common structure that is connected with cable to substitute in the male and female terminal.For the person of ordinary skill of the art, that is done under instruction of the present utility model changes at equivalence of the present utility model, must be included in the scope that the utility model claim advocated.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of power connector, it comprises having the insulating body that plurality of terminals is accommodated passage, the terminal of accommodating an independent conducting terminal that comprises pair of opposing in each terminal accommodating passage is right; It is characterized in that this independent conducting terminal comprises first that is made of high conduction characteristic material and the second portion that is made of high mechanical property material.
2, power connector as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this first and second portion link together by setting element.
3, power connector as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described first comprises base portion and the contact site that extends out from base portion.
4, power connector as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described second portion comprises and contacted fixed part of the base portion of first and the support portion that extends out and contact with the contact site of first from this fixed part.
5, power connector as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described setting element comprises first setting element that the base portion with first is connected with the fixed part of second portion, and the contact site of first is connected second setting element that is connected with the support portion of second portion.
6, power connector as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described first setting element comprises the opening on the base portion that is arranged on first and is arranged on the fixed part of second portion and the extensible shell fragment that snaps in this opening; Described second setting element comprises base portion that is arranged on first and the kink that contacts the junction and is arranged on the fixed part of second portion and the stop section of junction, support portion; This stop section is resisted against on this kink.
As the described power connector of one of above any claim, it is characterized in that 7, the material of the described first that is made of high conduction characteristic material is a red metal.
As the described power connector of one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that 8, the material of the described second portion that is made of high mechanical property material is a stainless steel.
As the described power connector of one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that 9, two right relative mirror images of independent conducting terminals interval certain space of described terminal are fixed in the same terminal accommodating passage.
As the described power connector of one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that 10, described power connector is a socket connector, described terminal to for the female terminal in the terminal accommodating passage of socket insulating body that is contained in socket connector right.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201118829U CN201266702Y (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2008-05-01 | Power supply connector and terminal composite socle beam structure thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201118829U CN201266702Y (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2008-05-01 | Power supply connector and terminal composite socle beam structure thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201266702Y true CN201266702Y (en) | 2009-07-01 |
Family
ID=40833077
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201118829U Expired - Lifetime CN201266702Y (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2008-05-01 | Power supply connector and terminal composite socle beam structure thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201266702Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101572359B (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2013-06-05 | 凡甲电子(苏州)有限公司 | Power supply connector and terminal composite cantilever structure thereof |
| CN109216961A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-15 | 佛山市高明毅力温控器有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel connecting column terminal structure for superhigh temperature |
-
2008
- 2008-05-01 CN CNU2008201118829U patent/CN201266702Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101572359B (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2013-06-05 | 凡甲电子(苏州)有限公司 | Power supply connector and terminal composite cantilever structure thereof |
| CN109216961A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-15 | 佛山市高明毅力温控器有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel connecting column terminal structure for superhigh temperature |
| CN109216961B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2024-04-02 | 佛山市高明毅力温控器有限公司 | Stainless steel connecting column terminal structure for ultrahigh temperature |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101572359B (en) | Power supply connector and terminal composite cantilever structure thereof | |
| CN101567500B (en) | Power connector and terminal supporting structure thereof | |
| CN101505018A (en) | Power connector assembly and mutual-matching terminal thereof | |
| KR101119265B1 (en) | Electrical connector | |
| CN201196995Y (en) | Electric Connector | |
| CN201741832U (en) | Electric connector | |
| CN101764305A (en) | Electric connector | |
| CN104037550B (en) | Electric connector | |
| CN201243110Y (en) | Power supply connector and terminal bunting structure thereof | |
| CN101505017B (en) | Power Connector Assembly | |
| CN201171093Y (en) | Power connector assembly and mutual-matching terminal thereof | |
| CN102769224B (en) | Power supply connector assembly | |
| CN2588574Y (en) | Electronic card connector | |
| CN116565595A (en) | Electric connector and electric connector combination | |
| CN201266702Y (en) | Power supply connector and terminal composite socle beam structure thereof | |
| CN220856967U (en) | Socket electric connector | |
| CN108448278B (en) | Frame type connecting structure | |
| CN201171106Y (en) | Power supply connector assembly | |
| CN201332158Y (en) | Electrical power connector | |
| CN201498808U (en) | Electrical connector | |
| CN201570628U (en) | Battery connector | |
| CN102931511A (en) | Power connector component and connectors therein | |
| CN220138733U (en) | Board-to-board electric connector | |
| CN221226735U (en) | Low-insertion-force high-reliability board-to-board connector | |
| CN218997148U (en) | Electric connector |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20090701 Effective date of abandoning: 20080501 |
|
| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |