CN201264988Y - Positive and reverse flame biomass gas-carbon cogeneration producer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a generator for cogeneration of biomass gas and charcoal with positive and negative fires, and also relates to a corresponding method for cogeneration of gas and charcoal, belonging to the technical field of energy regeneration and utilization. The generator includes a gasification furnace and a carbonization chamber; the upper part of the gasification furnace is a reverse-fired gasification furnace, and the lower part is a normalized gasification furnace; the bottom of the reverse-fired gasification furnace is connected to the normalized gasification furnace through the reverse-fired grate; The furnace is adjacent to the carbonization chamber and communicates with the carbonization chamber through a channel. When in use, the biomass is added separately and then ignited, so that the combustible gas generated by the backfiring gasification furnace passes through the backfiring grate, mixes with the combustible gas generated by the normalizing gasification furnace, and enters the carbonization chamber through the channel. Finally, the combustible gas passing through the biomass in the carbonization chamber can be extracted to obtain biochar. The utility model can improve the gasification intensity and calorific value of the combustible gas, avoid over-combustion caused by boiling combustion at the same time, obtain combustible gas with high calorific value meeting the requirements, and obtain carbonized substances replacing charcoal.

Description

Positive and negative fire biomass gas carbon cogeneration furnace

technical field

The utility model relates to a biomass gas-carbon co-production generator, in particular to a forward-back fire biomass gas-carbon co-production generator, which belongs to the technical field of energy regeneration and utilization.

Background technique

Biomass usually includes agricultural and forestry waste such as straw, firewood, rice husk, and fruit shell. Reasonable treatment and utilization of these biomass is not only beneficial to environmental protection, but also can obtain valuable energy. Therefore, it has attracted people's attention.

The traditional biomass treatment method is boiling combustion, that is, the biomass is placed in a facility such as a generator for incomplete combustion, thereby producing combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and carbonized substances that can be used. The disadvantage of boiling combustion is that it is easy to overburn. Through continuous improvement, a normalizing furnace that can realize stratified combustion has appeared. The structural feature of this generator is that the oxygen-containing flow enters from the bottom of the biomass, passes through the biomass from bottom to top, and its wind pressure is lower than the total weight of the biomass. boiling. The advantage is that it is easy to control the required incomplete combustion, and the gasification intensity and the calorific value of the generated gas are relatively high. Water resources can also cause secondary pollution.

The search found that the Chinese patent application with application number 200510040840.1 discloses a gas generation method for carbonization of counterfired biomass. The structural feature of the generator for realizing this method is that the gas-supporting gas flow enters from the upper part of the biomass and passes through the biomass from top to bottom. Because the combustion-supporting gas flow has an inhibitory effect on ash, the gas produced by this method usually does not need to be cleaned, but the biomass gas and biomass carbonization products are generated. The gasification intensity and the calorific value of the generated gas of the reverse-fired biomass carbonization gas-fired furnace are often lower than those of the normalized method.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of positive and negative fire biomass gas-carbon cogeneration with high gasification intensity and high calorific value of the generated gas without cooling and cleaning treatment in view of the shortcomings or deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art furnace.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the forward and reverse fire biomass gas-char co-production generator of the present utility model includes a gasification furnace and a carbonization chamber (or carbonization chamber); the upper part of the gasification furnace is a reverse fire gasification furnace, and the lower part is a normal fire gasification furnace; the bottom of the reverse fire gasification furnace communicates with the normalizing gasification furnace through the reverse fire grate; the normalizing grate at the bottom of the normalizing gasification furnace is provided with an ash outlet and an air inlet; the normalizing gas The carbonization furnace is next to the carbonization chamber, and communicates with the carbonization chamber through a channel; a carbonization outlet and a gas outlet are provided under the carbonization grate at the bottom of the carbonization chamber; the air inlet of the normalizing gasification furnace is externally connected with a blower, and the The air outlet of the chamber is externally connected with an exhaust fan.

When in use, the method for utilizing biomass gas and charcoal cogeneration comprises the following steps:

In the first step, biomass is added to the backfire gasification furnace, normalizing gasification furnace and carbonization chamber respectively;

The second step is to ignite the biomass in the normalizing gasification furnace and the backfiring gasification furnace;

The third step is to start the blower and exhaust fan, so that the combustible gas generated by the backfire gasification furnace passes through the backfire grate, mixes with the combustible gas generated by the normalizing gasification furnace, and enters the carbonization chamber through the channel;

The fourth step is to extract the combustible gas passing through the biomass in the carbonization chamber from the gas outlet of the carbonization chamber, and transport it to the desired place;

Step 5: After the biomass is carbonized in the carbonization chamber, open the carbon outlet of the carbonization chamber and take it out.

In the above process, by adjusting the air volume of the blower and exhaust fan, it is advisable to control the combustion temperature in the reverse fire gasification furnace at 300-400°C, and the combustion temperature in the reverse fire gasification furnace at 400-500°C.

In the above process of the utility model, due to the organic combination of normalizing and backfiring combustion, the gasification intensity and calorific value of the backfiring combustible gas can be improved by means of normalizing combustion, and the momentum of normalizing combustion can be suppressed by the backfiring combustible gas , to avoid over-combustion caused by boiling combustion; in addition, the above-mentioned process uses the biomass in the carbonization chamber to filter and cool the mixed positive and negative fire combustible gases, and the biomass itself is carbonized in this process; The required combustible gas with high calorific value can also obtain carbonized substances instead of charcoal. This shows that above-mentioned technical scheme has realized utility model purpose quite reasonably.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

The forward-backfire biomass gas-char cogeneration generator of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 , the upper part of the gasifier is the reverse-fire gasification hearth 7 , and the lower part is the normal fire gasification hearth 36 . The top of the backfire gasification hearth is a backfire feed inlet 1 (also used as a backfire air inlet), and the bottom is connected with the normal fire gasification hearth through the backfire grate 39 . The anti-fire fire grate 39 is supported on its support 38, and the anti-fire fire rake 40 is placed above. The side wall of the normalizing gasification furnace is provided with a feeding port 37 and an explosion-proof port 35 , a normalizing furnace rake 30 is placed on the bottom normalizing grate 29 , and an ash outlet 26 and an air inlet 25 are provided under the lower ash scraper 28 . The carbonization chamber 11 is adjacent to the normalizing gasification furnace, and communicates with the normalizing gasification furnace through the channel 10 . The side wall of the carbonization chamber is provided with a feeding port 9 and an explosion-proof port 14, a carbonization furnace rake 19 is placed on the carbonization grate 20 at the bottom, and a carbon outlet 24 and an air outlet 23 are provided under the ash scraper 21 at the bottom. The backfire gasification furnace 7, the normalizing gasification furnace 36 and the carbonization chamber 11 are respectively equipped with vertical rotating shafts 33, 2 and 15 driven by external motors, and a horizontally rotating flat feeder 3 is installed on the upper part of the rotating shafts to control the filling process. The amount of substance and keep it even and level. The air inlet 25 of the normalizing gasification furnace is externally connected to a blower, and the gas outlet 23 of the carbonization chamber is externally connected to an exhaust fan.

The method of using the equipment to realize the combined production of biomass gas and charcoal by forward and backward fire includes the following steps:

The first step is to use agricultural and forestry waste such as straw, firewood, rice husk, and fruit husk as biomass to remove impurities, control the water content at 10-15%, and add the reverse fire gasification furnace and normal fire gasification furnace through the feeding port respectively. and carbonization chamber;

The second step is to ignite the biomass in the normal fire gasification furnace and the reverse fire gasification furnace with an open flame;

The third step is to start the blower and exhaust fan, so that the combustible gases (CO, H ₂ , CH ₄ , CmHn, etc.) Enter the carbonization chamber;

The fourth step is to extract the combustible gas passing through the biomass in the carbonization chamber from the gas outlet of the carbonization chamber, and transport it to the required place such as the gas storage tank;

The fifth step, while the biomass in the carbonization chamber is filtering and cooling the combustible gas, it releases volatile matter which helps to further increase the calorific value of the combustible gas, and is then carbonized. Open the carbonization outlet of the carbonization chamber and take it out to get Biochar, used to replace traditional charcoal.

Experiments have proved that the gasification intensity of this embodiment can reach 150-300kg/m ² h, which is more than 20% higher than that of traditional equipment, and the calorific value of combustible gas obtained exceeds 5000-6000KJ/m ³ , which is higher than that of the prior art Significantly improved, the biochar produced is an ideal substitute for charcoal, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

In addition to the above embodiments, the utility model can also have other implementations. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the utility model.

Claims (4)

1. A forward and reverse fire biomass gas-char cogeneration generator, comprising a gasification furnace and a carbonization chamber; it is characterized in that: the upper part of the gasification furnace is a reverse fire gasification furnace, and the lower part is a normal fire gasification furnace; The bottom of the backfiring gasification furnace is connected to the normalizing gasification furnace through the backfiring grate; an ash outlet and an air inlet are arranged under the normalizing grate at the bottom of the normalizing gasification furnace; the normalizing gasification furnace is adjacent to the carbonization chamber , and communicate with the carbonization chamber through the channel; the carbonization grate at the bottom of the carbonization chamber is provided with a carbon outlet and an air outlet; machine. 2. According to claim 1, the biomass gas-carbon co-production generator with reverse fire is characterized in that: the normal fire gasification furnace, the reverse fire gasification furnace and the carbonization chamber are respectively equipped with vertical rotating shafts driven by external motors, A leveling feeder that rotates horizontally is installed on the upper part of the rotating shaft. 3. According to claim 2, the biomass gas-char cogeneration generator with reverse fire, characterized in that: the top of the reverse fire gasification furnace, the normal fire gasification furnace and the side wall of the carbonization chamber are respectively provided with feeding ports. 4. The generator for cogeneration of biomass, gas and charcoal with positive and negative fire according to claim 3, characterized in that: the backfire feeding port on the top of the backfire gasification furnace is also used as the backfire air inlet.

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