CN201224703Y - Unpowered efficient dispersing domestic sewage treatment complete equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to sewage treatment equipment, in particular to a complete set of non-powered high-efficiency distributed domestic sewage treatment equipment designed for urban residential quarters, hotels, holiday villages, nursing homes, airports and rural areas. The equipment is composed of a sedimentation tank, two or more anaerobic reactors connected in series, and a sludge digestion reactor. The middle part of the anaerobic reactor and the sludge digestion reactor is equipped with polypropylene elastic three-dimensional packing, anaerobic Microorganisms grow on the elastic three-dimensional packing in the form of biofilm. The treatment equipment of the utility model has the following advantages: 1. It has greater flexibility and applicability, low one-time investment, less sludge volume and convenient management. 2. The adopted anaerobic contact process is equipped with polypropylene elastic three-dimensional packing inside, which has a large specific surface area and a large biomass. 3. Fully degraded organic matter. 4. Good safety performance. 5. The structure is simple, and it can be turned into a complete set of equipment, which is conducive to popularization. It is suitable for decentralized domestic sewage treatment in residential quarters, hotels, holiday villages, nursing homes, industrial enterprises, troops and rural areas.

Description

Unpowered efficient decentralized domestic sewage treatment complete set of equipment

technical field

The utility model relates to sewage treatment equipment, in particular to a complete set of non-powered high-efficiency distributed domestic sewage treatment equipment designed for urban residential quarters, hotels, holiday villages, nursing homes, airports and rural areas.

Background technique

At present, with the rapid economic development, the pace of urbanization is accelerating, and the new residential areas around the city are developing rapidly. The coverage of the urban sewage pipe network is far less than that of these areas, and some sewage is discharged in an orderly manner. Sewage mixed flow, sewage cannot be effectively treated. The intensification of water pollution is largely due to the scattered sources of pollution and the lack of timely sewage treatment. However, it is difficult to implement the idea of centralized collection and treatment for scattered pollution sources in these areas. Due to the high operating cost of the new sewage treatment system in the existing residential area, it is difficult for the sewage treatment system to meet the standard and operate normally. Therefore, it is imperative to develop decentralized, flexible, low-management, low-cost, and efficient domestic sewage treatment equipment.

Decentralized domestic sewage treatment methods mostly use anaerobic process or anaerobic + aerobic combined process. Considering the use of anaerobic + aerobic process ("Small-scale High Efficiency Sewage Treatment Equipment" patent number: 98104107.8 adopts this process), if a good removal effect is achieved, it needs to consume a certain amount of power, which has disadvantages such as difficult power supply and maintenance. It is difficult to popularize and apply in a large area, so the development focus should be mainly on the anaerobic process. At present, the anaerobic processes and equipment for domestic sewage treatment mainly include septic tanks, anaerobic sludge beds, anaerobic contact (biofilm) and anaerobic biofilters. As the front-end treatment facilities of general residential areas, septic tanks only play the role of pretreatment, and need supporting pipe networks to be introduced into sewage plants for centralized treatment or other subsequent enhanced treatment processes, which are not suitable for the realization of decentralized treatment facilities. Anaerobic (suspended) sludge bed (the process mainly used in the patent No. 01206533.1 of "Intensive Treatment Device for Domestic Sewage without Power") has the advantages of good treatment effect, but requires high hydraulic conditions. If there is no sufficient stirring and mixing, it is difficult to To achieve the desired water outlet effect; the expansion of the sludge bed will inevitably lead to sludge loss, and generally need to be equipped with follow-up sedimentation facilities, thereby increasing the construction cost. On the other hand, due to the unbalanced water volume of domestic sewage, the sludge bed is likely to cause a short-term impact, and the treatment effect is unstable. Anaerobic biological filter (Patent No. 01206533.1 of "Intensive Treatment Device for Unpowered Domestic Sewage": this process will be adopted later) has a filter material inside, which has high requirements for suspended solids in the influent, and is easy to block, difficult to wash, and difficult to manage, especially for It is difficult to control the situation where the water quantity and quality fluctuate greatly.

At present, no matter what technology is used for domestic sewage at home and abroad, although the organic matter in the water can be degraded to varying degrees, there are few feasible treatment facilities for the sludge generated in the treatment system. Generally, it is manually cleaned or mechanically collected and transported to Sewage plant secondary treatment. Thereby the work intensity of the workers is increased, and the frequency of cleaning is frequent, which affects the quality of the effluent water during cleaning.

Aiming at the current situation, the inventor of this utility model has developed a decentralized high-efficiency domestic sewage treatment equipment, which can remove pollutants in water on the one hand, and reduce the amount of sludge on the other hand, completely replacing septic tanks, thereby Ensure the stable operation of the entire system.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the above technologies, and provide a complete set of non-powered and efficient distributed domestic sewage treatment equipment, which can use sewage and solid organic matter as energy sources, and purify sewage and solid waste through high-efficiency anaerobic devices. Organic matter is degraded, biogas is produced, and biogas is safely used to realize resource recycling and effective utilization.

The utility model is achieved through the following measures:

The complete set of unpowered high-efficiency distributed domestic sewage treatment equipment of the utility model is composed of a sedimentation tank, two or more anaerobic reactors connected in series, and a sludge digestion reactor; wherein,

①Sedimentation tank: The upper end of the sedimentation tank is located 0.8-1.0m below the ground, the upper part of the sedimentation tank is connected with the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, and the lower part of the sedimentation tank is connected with the sludge outlet pipe.

② Anaerobic reactor: the upper end of the anaerobic reactor is located 0.8-1.0m below the ground; the anaerobic reactor is connected with a biogas pipe, an outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe; the center of the lower end of the anaerobic reactor is provided with a water distributor. It is connected with the water inlet pipe; the middle part of the anaerobic reactor is provided with polypropylene elastic three-dimensional packing, and anaerobic microorganisms grow on the elastic three-dimensional packing in the form of biofilm.

③ Sludge digestion reactor: the upper end of the sludge digestion reactor is located 0.8-1.0m below the ground; the upper end of the sludge digestion reactor is connected with a biogas pipe, the upper part is connected with a water outlet pipe, and the lower part is connected with a sludge inlet pipe; The middle part of the sludge digestion reactor is provided with polypropylene elastic three-dimensional packing, and anaerobic microorganisms grow on the elastic three-dimensional packing in the form of biofilm.

④The outlet pipe of the sedimentation tank and the outlet pipe of the sludge digestion reactor are connected with the inlet pipe of the first-stage anaerobic reactor, and the sludge outlet pipe of the sedimentation tank is connected with the sludge inlet pipe of the sludge digestion reactor, The biogas pipes of the sedimentation tank, the anaerobic reactor and the sludge digestion reactor are connected as one.

(1) The complete set of high-efficiency distributed domestic sewage treatment equipment of the present utility model includes:

1. Sedimentation tank (1), the entrance accepts the incoming water of domestic sewage through the pipeline, adopts submerged water intake to prevent harmful gases from entering the drainage pipe, and adopts submerged effluent after sedimentation to avoid scum affecting the effluent water quality and increasing subsequent loads, and the lower part is equipped with drainage The sludge pipeline enters the sludge digestion reactor for sludge reduction treatment.

2. 1# anaerobic reactor (2), the effluent from the sedimentation tank enters the reactor, and the interior adopts the centralized bottom water distribution method, the hydraulic condition is good, and the anaerobic sludge at the bottom can be fully stirred; the middle part is equipped with polypropylene elastic three-dimensional packing, and the anaerobic Oxygen microorganisms grow on the filler in the form of biofilm, oxidize and decompose the organic matter in the water, and at the same time intercept the suspended solids in the water to reduce the load of subsequent treatment. The upper effluent is submerged to prevent the overflow of methane.

3. The 2# anaerobic reactor (3) has the same structure as the 1# anaerobic reactor, which is mainly set up for the flexibility of the process combination. By accepting the effluent of the 1# reactor (2), the degradation time is prolonged, so that The whole anaerobic process is thorough and sufficient.

4. Sludge digestion reactor (4), the sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank enters the reactor, and adopts the form of bottom in and top out, and a part of elastic filler is set in the middle, and the sludge is anaerobically digested by inoculating anaerobic sludge to realize For sludge reduction, the supernatant enters the 1# anaerobic reactor (2) for biodegradation.

(2) Working process:

The domestic sewage flows into the sedimentation tank (1) through the building drainage pipe to remove most of the suspended solids, the clarified liquid flows into the anaerobic reactors (2) and (3) in turn, and the sludge enters the sludge digestion reactor (4); the sedimentation tank (1) The effluent and sludge digestion reactor (4) The supernatant first enters the 1# anaerobic reactor (2), and the organic matter is partially degraded through the biochemical reaction of the fixed biofilm anaerobic microorganisms in the reactor, and the effluent Enter the 2# anaerobic reactor (3) to degrade the pollutants in the water so that the effluent can be discharged up to the standard. The sludge from the sedimentation tank (1) enters the sludge digestion reactor (4) for digestion and degradation. The monomer reactor is equipped with a biogas collection pipe for centralized collection, reducing potential safety hazards and ensuring safe and stable operation of the system.

(3) Parameters and control conditions

The equipment adopts the buried type, the liquid level is controlled 0.8-1.0m underground, and it is located under the permafrost layer. The temperature in the tank is 7-15°C in winter and 15-25°C in summer. Anaerobic reactors and sludge digestion reactors are inoculated with special anaerobic strains. This strain is made of unripe urban sewage sludge, which is screened and domesticated. It grows well at low temperature and normal temperature, and can be fully loaded within 30 days after inoculation. run. Polypropylene elastic three-dimensional filler is used, and the film can be formed quickly, and the film can be completed under the action of natural water flow.

This system is suitable for areas where the urban sewage system is not perfect and there is no rain and sewage diversion system. The equipment respectively realizes the final degradation of pollutants in sewage, the digestion and reduction treatment of sludge and the centralized collection of biogas through the sewage anaerobic contact reactor and the sludge digestion reactor. No need for power, decentralized processing, flexible matching and combination settings, no manual management, no land occupation for ground burial, and landscaping can be done by covering soil.

Technical advantages

1. The utility model adopts a decentralized processing method, which has greater flexibility and applicability in areas not covered by the municipal pipe network. Compared with centralized processing facilities, the one-time investment is low, and the settings are scattered, which is beneficial to financing from different channels; Power operation, low cost, small amount of sludge, easy management; because of its buried setting, it does not occupy land.

2. The anaerobic contact process is equipped with polypropylene elastic three-dimensional filler inside, which has a large specific surface area and a large biomass. The elastic filaments with a certain rigidity are impacted by the water flow and produce slight tremors to form turbulent flow, which increases the water (organic matter) ) contact with microorganisms, which improves the mass transfer effect and promotes the metabolism of microorganisms, thereby enhancing the treatment efficiency of wastewater; at the same time, it is resistant to shock loads, and the organic load rate of anaerobic reactors is high, and there will be no clogging and Flushing problem; on the other hand, suspended solids in water can be intercepted, so there will be no mud run-off problem similar to anaerobic suspended sludge bed, and there is no need to set up subsequent sedimentation facilities.

3. The two-stage anaerobic contact process is adopted to fully degrade the organic matter and ensure the stable operation of the system to meet the discharge standards; the anaerobic contact process adopted by itself makes most of the sludge (anaerobic microorganisms) fixed and grown on the filler, so that the anaerobic reactor The amount of residual sludge is very small. The sludge digestion reactor is installed in the treatment system, which can reduce the amount of sedimentation sludge and reduce management and maintenance costs.

4. The biogas pipes installed on a single unit are connected as a whole for centralized collection without odor, which enhances the safety performance of the system.

5. The utility model is arranged separately, has a simple structure, and can be turned into a complete set of equipment, which is beneficial to popularization. It is suitable for decentralized domestic sewage treatment in residential quarters, hotels, holiday villages, nursing homes, industrial enterprises, troops and rural areas.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: the schematic plan view of the utility model. The domestic sewage flows into the sedimentation tank (1), the 1# anaerobic reactor (2), and the 2# anaerobic reactor (3) in sequence. The settled sludge flows into the sludge digestion reactor (4) from the sedimentation tank (1), and the supernatant of the sludge digestion reactor (4) flows into the 1# anaerobic reactor (2).

Fig. 2: A schematic cross-sectional view of the utility model. The buried setting, sewage and sludge treatment process is shown in Figure 1. The biogas is collected centrally from the sedimentation tank (1), 1# anaerobic reactor (2), 2# anaerobic reactor (3) and sludge digestion reactor (4).

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the structure of the anaerobic reactor of the present invention. The water inlet pipe (18) is connected to the water outlet of the upper stage, and the water is evenly distributed through the water distributor (8), and the water is discharged through the outlet pipe (10) after the filler (9), and the filler is fixed by the bracket (19), and a biogas pipe (21) is provided and manholes (20).

Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the structure of the sludge digestion reactor of the present invention. The water inlet pipe (16) is connected to the sludge discharge pipe (7) of the sedimentation tank for water intake, and the water is discharged through the outlet pipe (15) after the filler (17), and the filler is fixed by the bracket (19), and a biogas pipe (21) and an inspection hole ( 20).

In the figure, 1—sedimentation tank, 2—1# anaerobic reactor, 3—2# anaerobic reactor, 4—sludge digestion reactor, 5—water inlet pipe, 6—water outlet pipe, 7—sludge outlet pipe , 8—bottom water distributor, 9—elastic three-dimensional filler, 10—water outlet pipe, 11—bottom water distributor, 12—elastic three-dimensional filler, 13—water outlet pipe, 14—water level control well, 15—water outlet pipe, 16—sludge Inlet pipe, 17—elastic three-dimensional filler, 18—water inlet pipe, 19—filler passing through bracket, 20—manhole, 21—biogas pipe.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the efficient distributed domestic sewage treatment equipment of the present utility model, and Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the highly efficient decentralized domestic sewage treatment equipment of the present utility model, and the utility model equipment will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments . The embodiment adopts a set of this utility model equipment for 48 households in a building of Jinan Tianyuan New City District. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the efficient distributed domestic sewage treatment equipment of the present utility model consists of sedimentation tank (1), 1# anaerobic reactor (2), 2# anaerobic reactor (3) and sludge digestion The reactor (4) is composed.

①The domestic sewage flows into the sedimentation tank (1) through the pipeline, and the water inlet pipe (5) adopts the submerged inflow method, which can play a role of water seal and prevent the smell from entering the pipeline. Into the ground inspection port, for regular suction and inspection purposes. The lower part is provided with a sludge discharge pipe (7), which is directly connected with the sludge digestion reactor (4), and transports the sludge into the sludge reactor.

②The 1# anaerobic reactor (2) receives the effluent from the sedimentation tank, distributes the water evenly through the bottom water distributor (8), and keeps the sludge at the bottom of the pool in a turbulent state. The middle part is equipped with polypropylene elastic three-dimensional packing (9), and the outlet pipe ( 10) The submerged outflow method is adopted to avoid the agitation of gas and water, and has the effect of gas and water separation; at the same time, the upper part of the water outlet pipe is connected to the ground as an inspection hole.

③ The 2# anaerobic reactor (3) accepts the effluent of the 1# anaerobic reactor (2), and also uses the bottom water distributor (11) to distribute water evenly, and completes the water pollution after fully contacting the middle polypropylene elastic three-dimensional packing (12) At the same time, the suspended solids in the water are intercepted to clarify the outlet water. The outlet pipe (13) is submerged and the outflow enters the water level control well (14). Through the separation of gas and water, the agitation of gas and water is avoided. The upper part of the outlet pipe (13) is connected to The ground is used as an inspection hole, and the water level control well (14) regulates and controls the water level of the whole system, and finally the effluent reaches the standard discharge.

④ The sludge from the sedimentation tank (1) flows into the sludge digestion reactor (4), and the sludge digestion reactor (4) adopts the form of bottom inlet and top outlet through the sludge water inlet pipe (16), and elastic three-dimensional packing (17) is arranged in the middle, The anaerobic contact process is adopted to improve the digestion efficiency, and the supernatant flows into the 1# anaerobic reactor (2) through the submerged outlet pipe (15) to further degrade the organic matter in the water and avoid secondary pollution.

⑤Biogas is collected from the sedimentation tank (1), 1# anaerobic reactor (2), 2# anaerobic reactor (3) and sludge digestion reactor (4) through pipelines, so that the surrounding environment of the whole system is odorless , Safer, the follow-up utilization of biogas can be determined according to the quantity of equipment set up, after the biogas output is determined, or it can be used for direct combustion at home or power generation for residential landscape lighting, etc., so as to realize the comprehensive utilization of resources.

6. the processing effect of the present utility model is as follows:

project CODcr (mg/L) _BOD5 (mg/L) NH ₃ -N (mg/L) SS(mg/L) pH Water quality before treatment 420 160 30 220 6.5-7.5 Water quality after treatment 80 25 10 50 7.0-7.5 Removal rate 81% 84% 67% 77% -- Standard value (GB8978-1996) 100 30 15 70 6-9

The equipment of this utility model adopts the combination of monomers, and the monomer reactors are developed and designed using the principle of chemical reactors. The hydraulic conditions are good, the production is simple, and the installation is convenient. The volume of the reactors or the number of reactors can be increased or decreased according to the scale of the community. The first floor used in this embodiment is equipped with a group of this utility model equipment, and two buildings or three buildings can also be used as a unit to appropriately increase the reactor volume and number to realize the free combination of equipment, which has greater flexibility and is very suitable for Development and utilization of complete sets of equipment. The whole system is compactly connected, the buried setting does not occupy land, and the upper part is covered with soil for greening. The efficient and stable anaerobic contact process not only improves the water treatment efficiency, but also reduces the amount of sludge, reduces the daily operation and management costs, and collects the biogas in a centralized manner, without odor, and the environment of the community is good. The whole system does not need power, and the management is simple and convenient. The entire system is resistant to impact loads, and the treatment effect is stable. The effluent can be used to irrigate farmland or be discharged into natural water bodies, and the generated biogas can be used as secondary energy for comprehensive utilization.

Claims (1)

1. A complete set of non-powered and efficient distributed domestic sewage treatment equipment, characterized in that it is composed of a sedimentation tank, two or more anaerobic reactors connected in series, and a sludge digestion reactor; ①Sedimentation tank: The upper end of the sedimentation tank is located 0.8-1.0m below the ground, the upper part of the sedimentation tank is connected with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, and the lower part of the sedimentation tank is connected with the sludge outlet pipe; ② Anaerobic reactor: the upper end of the anaerobic reactor is located 0.8-1.0m below the ground; the anaerobic reactor is connected with a biogas pipe, an outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe; the center of the lower end of the anaerobic reactor is provided with a water distributor. It is connected with the water inlet pipe; the middle part of the anaerobic reactor is provided with polypropylene elastic three-dimensional packing, and anaerobic microorganisms grow on the elastic three-dimensional packing in the form of biofilm; ③ Sludge digestion reactor: the upper end of the sludge digestion reactor is located 0.8-1.0m below the ground; the upper end of the sludge digestion reactor is connected with a biogas pipe, the upper part is connected with a water outlet pipe, and the lower part is connected with a sludge inlet pipe; The middle part of the sludge digestion reactor is equipped with polypropylene elastic three-dimensional packing, and anaerobic microorganisms grow on the elastic three-dimensional packing in the form of biofilm; ④The outlet pipe of the sedimentation tank and the outlet pipe of the sludge digestion reactor are connected with the inlet pipe of the first-stage anaerobic reactor, and the sludge outlet pipe of the sedimentation tank is connected with the sludge inlet pipe of the sludge digestion reactor, The biogas pipes of the sedimentation tank, the anaerobic reactor and the sludge digestion reactor are connected as one.

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