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CN201203149Y - High-efficiency thermal decomposition biomass gasification stove - Google Patents

High-efficiency thermal decomposition biomass gasification stove Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201203149Y
CN201203149Y CNU2008200765412U CN200820076541U CN201203149Y CN 201203149 Y CN201203149 Y CN 201203149Y CN U2008200765412 U CNU2008200765412 U CN U2008200765412U CN 200820076541 U CN200820076541 U CN 200820076541U CN 201203149 Y CN201203149 Y CN 201203149Y
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China
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grate
slag
pyrolysis
fixed
guard shield
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNU2008200765412U
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Chinese (zh)
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雷真
雷鸣宇
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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Abstract

Disclosed is a high efficiency pyrolysis biomass gasifier which belongs to the technical field of pyrolysis biomass gasification equipment. The utility model provides the high efficiency pyrolysis biomass gasifier which has the advantages of high gasification efficiency, high heat value of generated gas, as well as convenient and sanitary ash cleaning and slag removal operation. The high efficiency pyrolysis biomass gasifier comprises a furnace body, a furnace grate, a furnace cover, an air distribution hole, a slag discharge hole and a gas outlet. A primary pyrolysis catalyst layer is arranged above the furnace grate, a secondary pyrolysis catalyst layer is arranged below the furnace grate, and a communicating pipeline is arranged between the two pyrolysis layers. The primary pyrolysis catalyst layer is arranged in a high temperature area on the furnace grate, the pyrolysis gasification efficiency of tar is high, and the generated gas has low tar content as well as high heat value. The furnace grate adopts the structure of a conical fixed furnace grate and a movable furnace grate, under the condition that ash and slag can slide downward by itself along a seam of furnace grate bars by the gravity action, the slag is removed by making use of up and down movement in a reciprocating way of the movable furnace grate having favorable slag removal effect. The utility model has the advantages of convenient, sanitary and rapid ash cleaning and slag removal. The generated gas is extracted from an induced draft fan by the gas outlet, and has high purity by heat radiation and dust removal. The utility model is suitable for a farmer, a forest area and a pastoral area to use.

Description

Efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, belongs to thermal cracking living beings gasification equipment technical field.
Background technology
Biomass gasification technology is the key scientific and technological projects of National Development and Reform Committee, the Department of Science and Technology and Ministry of Agriculture's collaborative promotion.Biomass gasifying furnace just appeared on the market in phase late 1990s.The structure of this project product and gasification principle are: divide gentleization of feed bin chamber on the main body, take to force mode by pipeline to wind, living beings are carried out pyrolysis, redox reaction (being commonly called as non-flaming combustion) under half anaerobic condition, make carbohydrate intrinsic in the living beings be converted into multiple compound fuel gas such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane.Cause the energy among the biology all to be converted into imflammable gas, fuel gas is connected with gas-cooker through pipeline realizes cooking, all kinds of heating needs again.Be widely used in heating, cooking, oven dry etc., substituted liquefied gas, saved the energy, the refuse exploitation is utilized again, changed the filthy living environment in rural area, the conscious air-polluting bad phenomenon of rural area straw-burning in field that reduced.But, cause this technical products nearly 10 years of going on the market to fail large tracts of land and promote because prior art is immature.The problem of its existence is:
1. tar stops up air duct, kitchen range.The tar pollution environment that produces, the waste resource;
2. can not continuous burning.Daily cooking needs 1~2 hour at every turn, and it is reinforced very unhygienic to add bavin midway;
3. combustion heat value is not high.Because the vaporizer unreasonable structure, gas inversion point face is little, causes the fuel gas that can not produce high concentration, but contains the low-concentration combustible gas of a large amount of air, and combustion heat value is low;
4. be difficult for thoroughly going out lime-ash.Inconvenient operation when going out lime-ash causes lime-ash to stagnate and deposits, and influences the aerogenesis effect;
5. can not bank up a fire for a long time, whenever cooking a meal rekindles.
In the prior art, its structure is more rational, as disclosed thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace in CN1303905A, comprises body of heater, fire grate, feeding port, air distribution outlet, slag-drip opening and the gas outlet etc. of existing fixed bed downdraft gasification furnace during it constitutes.But its cracking and catalyzing bed is located at away from the furnace bottom below the fire grate, and promptly its cracking and catalyzing bed is away from the high-temperature region in the stove, and the cleavage rate of tar can reduce greatly like this, can have influence on gasification efficiency and fuel gases calorific value.In addition, its body of heater is provided with slag-drip opening and secondary slag-drip opening, makes that the deslagging operation is more loaded down with trivial details.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome above-mentioned weak point of the prior art and provides a kind of efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, this furnace gas efficient height, the fuel gases calorific value height that produces, easy to operate, the health of ash and slag disposal.
It is as follows to address the above problem the technical scheme that is adopted:
A kind of efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, it comprises body of heater, fire grate, bell, air distribution outlet, slag-drip opening and gas outlet, is provided with the cracking and catalyzing layer above the said fire grate one time, is provided with the second pyrolysis Catalytic Layer below, is provided with connecting pipe between two cleaving layers.
Above-mentioned efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, a described cracking and catalyzing layer is arranged on the pallet at fire grate middle part, and be provided with the band passage guard shield, the guard shield upper end is provided with cover plate, the pallet clamping at lower end and fire grate middle part, the guard shield center is provided with filter core, the second pyrolysis Catalytic Layer is arranged in the furnace wall and the double wall between the infundibulate guard shield under the fire grate, infundibulate guard shield upper end is fixed with the fire grate border, lower end and drop-bottom are fixed, and a side is communicated with slag-drip opening, and the connecting pipe upper end of being located at two cracking and catalyzing interlayers is communicated with the lower end of filter core, the set through hole of lower end and infundibulate guard shield one side docks, and gas outlet is located on the furnace wall of fire grate bottom.
Above-mentioned efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace is provided with water sealed tank between described bell and body of heater.
Above-mentioned efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, described air distribution outlet is 2~4, and one of them is ventilating opening open in usual, and the air distribution outlet place is provided with protecting wire net and air-flow plate, and air-flow plate and body of heater are hinged.
Above-mentioned efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, described air distribution outlet lower end is communicated with an annular passage, and annular passage is located at the upside of fire grate, and near the furnace shell disposed inboard, annular passage upper edge circumferential interval is provided with a plurality of passages.
Above-mentioned efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, described fire grate is made of frustum-like shape fixed grate and moving grate, fixed grate and moving grate are all uniform along the truncated cone generatrix direction, and the alternate layout of fixed grate and moving grate, moving grate be provided with up and down or about the reciprocating motion transmission device, fixed grate fire bars upper end is fixed with pallet.
Above-mentioned efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, described reciprocating motion transmission device comprises sliding sleeve and rocking bar, moving grate fire bars [19] is fixed with sliding sleeve, sliding sleeve is sleeved on the pipeline upper end, be fixed with the feather key that cooperates with the set keyway of sliding sleeve and the retainer ring of moving grate on the pipeline, the rocking bar middle part is hinged with a pole end, and the pole other end and pipeline are fixed, a shift fork is fixed in rocking bar upper end, and set chute matches with traveller on being fixed in sliding sleeve on the shift fork.
Be provided with in the above-mentioned efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, described infundibulate guard shield and cavity that slag-drip opening is communicated with and connect ash bucket, connect between the panel of ash bucket and slag-drip opening and be provided with the asbestos rubber sealing ring.
The utility model is the improvement on existing biomass gasifying furnace basis.Change cracking and catalyzing into quadric catalysis by a catalysis, and Catalytic Layer be arranged on high-temperature region on the fire grate, coke tar cracking gasification efficiency height, the gas tar oil content that produces low, calorific value is high.The fire grate of this stove adopts taper fixed grate and moving grate structure, under lime-ash can glide the situation of falling along the fire bars slit voluntarily by the gravity effect, relends and helps the moving grate slagging-off that pumps, its works very well that removes the gred.In addition, connect the setting of ash bucket, can make the ash and slag disposal process operations of this stove very convenient, the health, quick of getting up.Combustion gas that this gasification furnace produces is extracted out by air-introduced machine through gas outlet, and after the heat radiation dedusting, its degree of purity is higher again.This stove is particularly suitable for peasant household, forest zone, pastoral area use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that structural representation cuts open in the master office of looking of a kind of embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Drawing reference numeral is: 1. ventilating opening open in usual; 2. air-flow plate; 3. body of heater; 4. traveller; 5. shift fork; 6. fixed grate fire bars; 7. fire grate; 8. rocking bar; 9. panel; 10. asbestos rubber sealing ring; 11. connect ash bucket; 12. pole; 13. retainer ring; 14. pipeline; 15. chute; 16. second pyrolysis Catalytic Layer; 17. infundibulate guard shield; 18. annular passage; 19. moving grate fire bars; 20. sliding sleeve; 21. feather key; 22. drop-bottom; 23. gas outlet; 24. pallet; 25. cracking and catalyzing layer; 26. passage; 27. guard shield; 28. filter core; 29. cover plate; 30. air distribution outlet; 31. protecting wire net; 32. bell; 33. water sealed tank; 34. air vent.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment accompanying drawing utility model is described in further detail:
Referring to accompanying drawing, efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace provided by the utility model, it comprises body of heater 3, fire grate 7, air distribution outlet 30, bell 32, slag-drip opening and gas outlet 23 in constituting.Body of heater 3 is made of furnace shell, flame retardant coating and heat-insulation layer.This gasification furnace is provided with once and the second pyrolysis Catalytic Layer, so that make the tar that is produced in the combustion gas obtain abundant cracking, catalyst can be selected dolomite or the charcoal of diameter 1~3mm for use, and dolomite should use high-temperature area, and charcoal should be used in the zone on the low side of furnace gas temperature in the stove.In the present embodiment, on the pallet 24 at cracking and catalyzing layer 25 setting and fire grate 7 middle parts, and be provided with the band passage 26 guard shield 27, guard shield 27 upper ends are provided with cover plate 29, pallet 24 clampings at lower end and fire grate 7 middle parts, guard shield 27 is truncated cone shape, and the center is provided with filter core 28, and filter core 28 can be made of the multiple layer metal net.Second pyrolysis Catalytic Layer 16 is arranged in the furnace wall and the double wall between the infundibulate guard shield 17 under the fire grate 7, infundibulate guard shield 17 upper ends and fire grate 7 borders are fixed, lower end and drop-bottom 22 are fixing, one side is communicated with slag-drip opening, being located at two connecting pipe 14 upper ends between the cracking and catalyzing layer is communicated with the lower end of filter core 28, the set through hole of lower end and infundibulate guard shield 17 1 sides docks, and gas outlet 23 is located on the furnace wall of fire grate 7 bottoms.
In the present embodiment, be provided with water sealed tank 33 between bell 32 and the body of heater 3, so that after having added furnace charge, charge door is sealed, so that the control air distribution.The air distribution outlet 30 of present embodiment is set to 4, wherein establishes a ventilating opening 1 open in usual.Air distribution outlet 30 is provided with protecting wire net 31 and air-flow plate 2, air-flow plate 2 is hinged with the housing of body of heater 3 upper surfaces, protecting wire net 31 is used to prevent that foreign matter from crashing into and stopping up air distribution outlet 30, and air-flow plate 2 is used to regulate the unlatching size of air distribution outlet 30, so that the intake of control gasification furnace.
In order to improve the gasification result of this stove, present embodiment adopts the three-dimensional wind mode of giving, and promptly establishes an annular passage 18 that is communicated with it in air distribution outlet 30 lower ends, and annular passage 18 is located at the upside of fire grate 7, and near the furnace shell disposed inboard, and annular passage 18 upper edge circumferential intervals are arranged a plurality of passages 34.
For ease of the slag that falls, fire grate 7 of the present utility model is made of frustum-like shape fixed grate and moving grate, fixed grate fire bars 6 and moving grate fire bars 19 are all uniform along the truncated cone generatrix direction, and fixed grate fire bars 6 and moving grate fire bars 19 alternate layouts, moving grate is provided with the transmission device that pumps, and fixed grate fire bars 6 upper ends and pallet 24 are fixing.In the present embodiment, the reciprocating motion transmission device of being taked comprises sliding sleeve 20 and rocking bar 8, moving grate fire bars 19 is fixing with sliding sleeve 20, sliding sleeve 20 is sleeved on pipeline 14 upper ends, be fixed with the feather key 21 and the moving grate retainer ring 13 that cooperate with sliding sleeve 20 set keyways on the pipeline 14, rocking bar 8 middle parts and a pole 12 ends are hinged, and pole 12 other ends and pipeline 14 are fixing, a shift fork 5 is fixed in rocking bar 8 upper ends, and set chute 15 matches with traveller 4 on being fixed in sliding sleeve 20 on the shift fork 5.
The ashes and the slag that fall for ease of removing can be established one and connect ash bucket 11 in infundibulate guard shield 17 and cavity that slag-drip opening is communicated with, connect between the panel 9 of ash bucket 11 and slag-drip opening and be provided with asbestos rubber sealing ring 10.When ash and slag disposal, to connect ash bucket 11 earlier outwards pulls out about 10cm, use the lower end of specific purpose tool bar and the pommel clamping of rocking bar 8 then, by moving up and down of tool bar, rocking bar 8 is shaken, this moment, the travelling oven defecation was driven, and pump, connect in the ash bucket 11 thereby the lime-ash that is between fixed grate fire bars 6 and the moving grate fire bars 19 is dropped to, will connect ash bucket 11 then and in body of heater 3, extract out, and outwell lime-ash.

Claims (8)

1. efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace, it is characterized in that it comprises body of heater, fire grate, bell, air distribution outlet, slag-drip opening and gas outlet, be provided with one time the cracking and catalyzing layer above the said fire grate [7], be provided with the second pyrolysis Catalytic Layer below, be provided with connecting pipe between two cleaving layers.
2. efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, a described cracking and catalyzing layer [25] is arranged on the pallet [24] at fire grate [7] middle part, and be provided with the band passage [26] guard shield [27], guard shield [27] upper end is provided with cover plate [29], pallet [24] clamping at lower end and fire grate [7] middle part, guard shield [2] center is provided with filter core [28], second pyrolysis Catalytic Layer [16] is arranged in the furnace wall and the double wall between the infundibulate guard shield [17] under the fire grate [7], infundibulate guard shield [17] upper end is fixed with fire grate [7] border, lower end and drop-bottom [22] are fixing, one side is communicated with slag-drip opening, connecting pipe [14] upper end of being located at two cracking and catalyzing interlayers is communicated with the lower end of filter core [28], and the set through hole of lower end and infundibulate guard shield [17] one sides docks, and gas outlet [23] is located on the furnace wall of fire grate [7] bottom.
3. efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with water sealed tank [33] between described bell [32] and body of heater [3].
4. efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described air distribution outlet [30] is 2~4, and one of them is ventilating opening open in usual [1], air distribution outlet [30] locates to be provided with protecting wire net [31] and air-flow plate [2], and air-flow plate [2] is hinged with body of heater [3].
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnaces, it is characterized in that, described air distribution outlet [30] lower end is communicated with an annular passage [18], annular passage [18] is located at the upside of fire grate [7], and near the furnace shell disposed inboard, annular passage [18] upper edge circumferential interval is provided with a plurality of passages [34].
6. efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described fire grate [7] is made of frustum-like shape fixed grate and moving grate, fixed grate [6] and moving grate [19] are all uniform along the truncated cone generatrix direction, and fixed grate [6] and the alternate layout of moving grate [19], moving grate be provided with up and down or about the reciprocating motion transmission device, fixed grate fire bars [6] upper end is fixing with pallet [24].
7. efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described reciprocating motion transmission device comprises sliding sleeve [20] and rocking bar [8], moving grate fire bars [19] is fixing with sliding sleeve [20], sliding sleeve [20] is sleeved on pipeline [14] upper end, be fixed with the feather key [21] that cooperates with the set keyway of sliding sleeve [20] and the retainer ring [13] of moving grate on the pipeline [14], rocking bar [8] middle part is hinged with a pole [12] end, the pole other end and pipeline [14] are fixing, a shift fork [5] is fixed in rocking bar [8] upper end, and shift fork [5] is gone up set chute [15] and matched with traveller [4] on being fixed in sliding sleeve [20].
8. efficient pyrolysis biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 2 is characterized in that, is provided with in described infundibulate guard shield [17] and the cavity that slag-drip opening is communicated with and connects ash bucket [11], connects between the panel [9] of ash bucket [11] and slag-drip opening and is provided with asbestos rubber sealing ring [10].
CNU2008200765412U 2008-03-18 2008-03-18 High-efficiency thermal decomposition biomass gasification stove Expired - Fee Related CN201203149Y (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNU2008200765412U CN201203149Y (en) 2008-03-18 2008-03-18 High-efficiency thermal decomposition biomass gasification stove

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNU2008200765412U CN201203149Y (en) 2008-03-18 2008-03-18 High-efficiency thermal decomposition biomass gasification stove

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101613625B (en) * 2009-06-18 2012-10-10 扬州工业职业技术学院 Method and device for detarring small-sized biomass gasifier
CN104087341A (en) * 2014-07-29 2014-10-08 苏州新协力环保科技有限公司 Biomass gasifier

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101613625B (en) * 2009-06-18 2012-10-10 扬州工业职业技术学院 Method and device for detarring small-sized biomass gasifier
CN104087341A (en) * 2014-07-29 2014-10-08 苏州新协力环保科技有限公司 Biomass gasifier

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C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20090304

Termination date: 20100318