CN201208905Y - A hybrid system for a terminal tractor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hybrid power system used for a wharf tractor. The generator is coaxially connected with the engine, the power battery is connected with the battery management system, and a plurality of power terminals of the battery management system are respectively connected with a generator controller and two The drive motor controller of one drive motor, the generator controller is connected with the two drive motor controllers, and the electrical signal terminal of the vehicle controller is respectively connected with the engine controller, the generator controller, the two drive motor controllers and the battery management The system is connected, and the first drive motor and the second drive motor are connected to the transmission shaft of the vehicle wheel through the gearbox to provide a variable gear power source for the vehicle wheel. Aiming at the characteristics of high fuel consumption and high emission of wharf tractors, the utility model adopts a series hybrid power system, optimizes the engine in the best economic speed area, and greatly improves its economy. The driving mode is driven by a motor, which can realize electric start car and electric start modes, as well as braking energy recovery.

Description

A hybrid system for a terminal tractor

technical field

The utility model relates to the design of a hybrid power system for a wharf tractor, in particular to a hybrid power system for a wharf tractor.

Background technique

Container transportation has become the focus of the development of cargo transportation due to its convenience, safety and speed. With the development of the world economy, since 2003, container transportation has increased by more than 10% every year. In the first half of 2006, the container throughput of my country's main ports was 42.1211 million TEU, an increase of 22.4% year-on-year, and still maintained a high growth rate. situation.

With the growth of container throughput, the demand for terminal tractors also increases simultaneously. Compared with other vehicles, the operating conditions of terminal tractors have the following characteristics: (1) The speed is low, and the speed in the terminal is less than 40km/h; ( 2) There is no need to climb, and there is almost no slope inside and between the terminals; (3) The idling time is long, and many trailers are waiting in line for loading and unloading during idling operation (basically without stopping), and the idling time exceeds 50%. The original design of the wharf tractor has a large backup power, but according to the analysis of the actual operating conditions of the wharf tractor, it is found that there is basically no slope in the working condition, and the acceleration performance is not high, so a large backup power is a great waste , and the engine of the existing terminal tractor works in the low-efficiency area most of the time during the working process, the fuel economy is poor, and the pollution emission is high. So it needs to be further improved.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a hybrid power system for wharf tractors, which can make the engine always work in the best economic speed area by adopting the drive mode of series structure, greatly improve the fuel economy performance and reduce emissions, about Reduce the displacement of existing engines by half.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A hybrid power system for a wharf tractor of the utility model includes an engine and an engine controller, a generator and a generator controller, a first drive motor and its drive motor controller, a second drive motor and its drive motor controller device, a power battery and its battery management system, and a vehicle controller; the generator is coaxially connected to the engine, and is used to drive the generator to generate electricity by the engine; the power battery and the battery management The multiple power terminals of the battery management system are respectively connected to the generator controller and the drive motor controllers of the two drive motors, and the electrical signal terminals of the vehicle controller are respectively connected to the engine controller, The generator controller and the two drive motor controllers are connected to the battery management system, the generator controller is connected to the two drive motor controllers; the first drive motor and the second drive motor are connected to the vehicle through a gearbox The transmission shaft of the wheel is used to provide a variable gear power source for the vehicle wheels. Wherein, the first drive motor and the second drive motor are connected to the drive shafts of the rear wheels of the vehicle through a gearbox.

Wherein, both the first drive motor and the second drive motor are permanent magnet synchronous motors, which have high power density, strong overload capacity, wide speed range, high efficiency, constant torque characteristics in low-speed areas, and constant torque characteristics in high-speed areas. Power characteristics, and high efficiency when used as a generator to recover braking energy.

Wherein, the gearbox is a two-speed electronically controlled gearbox with a dual-input structure, and a single-input drive motor or a dual-input drive motor can be optionally installed according to the power requirements of the vehicle.

In the system of the utility model, the vehicle controller receives the operating condition data fed back by each controller in real time, and sends instructions to the engine controller, generator controller, two drive motor controllers and the battery management system after calculation and processing The signal is used to set the working mode of the engine or the drive motor device, and control the generator controller to provide the electric energy output by the generator to the two drive motors through the drive motor controller, or control the battery management system to supply the The electric energy output by the power battery is provided to the two drive motors through the drive motor controller, or the drive motor controller is controlled to recycle the braking energy and feed it back to the power battery.

By adopting the above scheme, the utility model proposes a serial dual-motor hybrid driving system and a driving method thereof aiming at the characteristics of high fuel consumption and high emission of wharf tractors. The utility model adopts a dual-motor serial hybrid drive system, and adopts a dual-motor to drive the rear axle, a small-displacement engine drives a generator to generate electricity, supplies power to the drive motor or charges the battery, and optimizes the engine in the best economic speed area. Greatly improve its economy, the drive mode is driven by motor, which can realize the electric start and electric start modes, as well as the recovery of braking energy. Significantly improved economy and improved emissions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the hybrid power system of the present invention, wherein, the thick line represents the mechanical connection, the dotted line represents the strong electric connection, and the thin solid line represents the weak electric connection of the control signal;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of vehicle control signals in the hybrid power system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model provides a kind of hybrid power system that is used on the wharf tractor, and it mainly comprises engine 110 and engine controller 220, generator 120 and generator controller 160, first driving motor 130 and its drive motor controller 170, the second drive motor 140 and its drive motor controller 180, the power battery 210 and its battery management system 190, and the vehicle controller 200; wherein, the first drive motor 130 and the second drive motor 140 is connected to the wheel drive shaft of the vehicle through the gearbox 150 to provide a power source for the wheels, and it can be arranged on the rear axle drive shaft of the vehicle. The generator 120 is coaxially connected with the engine 110, and the generator 120 is driven by the engine 110 to generate electricity; the electric energy output by the generator 120 is provided to the drive motor device after inversion by the generator controller 160 and the drive motor controller (130, 140), Directly drive the first driving motor 130 and the first driving motor 140, and the electric energy output by the generator 120 is also sent to the power battery 210 through the battery management system 190 after being inverted by the generator controller 160 for storage; the power battery 210 It is connected to the battery management system 190, and multiple power terminals of the battery management system 190 are respectively connected to the generator controller 160 and the drive motor controller (170, 180), which are used to transfer the electric energy output by the power battery 210 according to the Instructions are distributed to various components of the hybrid system to provide operating voltages; and the electrical signal terminals of the vehicle controller 200 are respectively connected to the engine controller 130, the generator controller 160, and the two drive motor controllers (170, 180) Connected with the battery management system 190, it is used to receive the operating condition data fed back by each controller in real time, and send the data to the engine controller 220, the generator controller 160, the drive motor controller (170, 180), and the battery management system after calculation and processing. The system 190 sends a command signal for setting the working mode of the engine 110 or the driving motor device, and controls the generator controller 160 to provide the electric energy output by the generator 120 to the two through the driving motor controller (170, 180). Drive the motors (130, 140), or control the battery management system 190 to provide the electric energy output by the power battery 210 to the two drive motors (130, 140) through the drive motor controller (170, 180), or control the drive motor controller ( 170 , 180 ) feed back the braking energy of the drive motor ( 130 , 140 ) to the power battery 210 .

Both the above-mentioned first drive motor and the second drive motor are permanent magnet synchronous motors, which have high power density, strong overload capacity, wide speed regulation range, high efficiency, constant torque characteristics in low-speed areas, and constant power characteristics in high-speed areas. And when used as a generator to recover braking energy, the efficiency is high. The various controls mentioned above all have inverter functions. As shown in Figure 2, the drive controllers or controllers of the generator, engine, and drive motor device all transmit the torque, enable, direction and other signals of their respective control objects to the vehicle controller for overall control; At the same time, the battery pack information, accelerator, brake and driver's operation key information will also be sent to the vehicle controller as reference information for the control strategy.

The above-mentioned gearbox is a two-speed electronically controlled gearbox with a dual-input structure, and can be equipped with a single-input drive motor or a dual-input drive motor according to the power requirements of the vehicle. The gearbox has both the speed change function and the power coupling function, that is, the power coupling of the two drive motors, and then the wheels are driven through the transmission shaft after the speed change. The vehicle speed change device designed by the utility model adopts a two-speed electronically controlled gearbox, increases the speed regulation range, and plays the function of deceleration and torque increase on the basis of meeting the maximum speed range of the vehicle design. The gearbox adopts a dual-input mode, and can choose single-motor input or dual-motor input according to the power demand of the vehicle, which has good scalability and strong practicability.

The vehicle controller 200 coordinates the generator controller, drive motor controller, and battery management system to control the generator, drive motor, and power battery respectively, and receives the speed, speed, and power of the generator and drive motor through the CAN bus , as well as the bus voltage and current signals, and according to the vehicle control strategy under different working conditions, the engine throttle control signal, the drive motor and generator transmission control signal, and the gearbox shift signal are given to control the operation of the vehicle. Moreover, the vehicle controller 200 achieves the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction by optimizing the start-stop and running speed of the motor and engine under the appropriate control strategy. For example, when the wharf tractor is unloaded or lightly loaded, it can be driven by only one motor and put in a high gear, so that the drive motor can run in a high-efficiency zone and improve the working efficiency of the vehicle. When the vehicle is heavily loaded, it is driven by dual motors, and the automatic shifting of the transmission makes the motors run in the high-efficiency zone as much as possible. On the other hand, the engine is controlled to drive the generator to generate electricity. The generated power is determined by the electric power required for driving and the SOC of the battery. The electric energy is supplied to the driving motor for driving the vehicle. When the power is surplus, it charges the power battery, and when braking, there is a recyclable part of the energy to charge the power battery pack. When the vehicle starts, climbs or accelerates, the generator and the battery can supply power to the drive motor at the same time.

The hybrid power assembly of the utility model can realize the following driving modes:

(1) Electric start mode

When the vehicle starts, the vehicle is driven in pure electric mode, which avoids the disadvantages of high fuel consumption and high emission of the engine when starting the vehicle.

(2) Electric drive mode

When the vehicle is running normally, it is driven by a motor, and the energy comes from a generator or an energy storage battery. When the drive has only a small power demand, it is powered by the generator alone, and when the power demand is high, it is jointly powered by the generator and the battery. Use the number of cycles to increase battery life.

(3) Electric start mode

When the engine is started, the generator is started first, and the generator quickly raises the engine to the economic speed area, which can significantly reduce the high fuel consumption and high emission when the engine is started.

(4) Driving charging mode

In the driving state, if the whole vehicle is running under low power demand, there is sufficient power, and the battery SOC value is lower than the safe setting value, the abundant power can charge the battery and increase the load rate of the engine, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of the engine. And when the state of charge of the battery is greater than the set value, the driving charging mode ends.

(5) Brake energy recovery mode

When braking, the drive motor acts as a generator to recover braking energy and charge the battery to improve energy utilization.

(6) Parking charging mode

In the parking state, if the state of charge of the vehicle battery is too low, it can enter the parking charging mode. The engine drives the generator to generate electricity, and when the state of charge of the battery is greater than the set value, the parking charging mode ends.

In summary, after the utility model adopts the above scheme, the time for vehicles to wait in line for loading and unloading containers is longer, and the parking time can be used to charge the battery and store the energy for future use. Therefore, the engine can be selected to be smaller, save fuel, reduce emissions and noise, and can control the engine to work in the high-efficiency area for a long time. When the engine works in this area, the efficiency is the highest, the economy is good, and the emission is low. The operating condition of the engine is basically not affected by the driving conditions of the vehicle, reducing emissions and fuel consumption. Compared with the traditional vehicle engine, the driving condition of the vehicle is relatively stable, which will not cause sudden changes in the operating condition of the engine, thereby increasing the engine's exhaust emissions quantity, and fuel consumption.

In the utility model, two driving motors are used to drive the tractor through the coupling of the transmission. Under the condition of no load or light load, only one driving motor is required to run. When under heavy load or acceleration, the two driving motors work at the same time to provide More power. In this way, the high cost and complicated process of high-power permanent magnet synchronous motors can be avoided, and the power of the utility model can be coupled and shifted through the gearbox to ensure that the driving motors work in the high-efficiency zone. The utility model can realize the effects of starting and running at a low speed under pure electric working conditions, achieving zero emission and low noise. The utility model improves the fuel economy of the automobile, the comprehensive energy saving of the whole vehicle is remarkable, the emission is greatly reduced, and the noise is reduced.

It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. A hybrid power system for a wharf tractor, comprising an engine and an engine controller, characterized in that the system also includes: a generator and a generator controller, a first drive motor and its drive motor controller, The second drive motor and its drive motor controller, power battery and its battery management system, and vehicle controller; The generator is connected coaxially with the engine, and is used to drive the generator to generate electricity by the engine; the power battery is connected to the battery management system, and multiple power terminals of the battery management system are respectively connected to the The generator controller and the drive motor controllers of the two drive motors, the electric signal terminals of the vehicle controller are respectively connected with the engine controller, the generator controller, the two drive motor controllers and the battery management The system is connected, and the generator controller is connected with two drive motor controllers; the first drive motor and the second drive motor are connected to the transmission shaft of the vehicle wheel through the gearbox, so as to provide a variable gear power source for the vehicle wheel . 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that both the first drive motor and the second drive motor are permanent magnet synchronous motors. 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gearbox is a two-speed electronically controlled gearbox with a dual-input structure, and a single-input drive motor or a dual-input drive motor can be selected according to the power requirements of the vehicle. motor. 4. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first drive motor and the second drive motor are connected to the transmission shafts of the rear wheels of the vehicle through a gearbox.

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