Summary of the invention
Defective in view of above-mentioned prior art, the utility model directly utilizes on the basis of the part back-up system of astragal formula dynamic balancing machine maturation and detection system, develop a kind of crankshaft dynamic balancing machine specially, solved the problem of small-sized crankshaft part dynamic balancing measurement preferably.The purpose of this utility model is in order to reduce vibration, improve the operating accuracy and the serviceable life of general gasoline engines, guarantee the quality of gasoline engine, whether bent axle is carried out dynamic balancing measurement and proofreaies and correct adhering to specification, and to exceeding demonstration " defective " printed words on the part computer screen that allows amount of unbalance, to remind the operator.
Crankshaft dynamic balancing machine described in the utility model comprises:
Drive motor has driving wheel on its axle, is driven by frequency converter; This drive motor is being supported by electric machine support; Stretching pulley on above-mentioned driving wheel and the driving wheel lever arm is on same plane, and above-mentioned driving wheel and above-mentioned stretching pulley are around the driven in synchronism band;
One end of clamping lever arm has two alternate stretching pulleys that separate, on these two stretching pulleys around the driven in synchronism band;
The end that above-mentioned driving wheel lever arm and above-mentioned clamping lever arm leave stretching pulley is installed on the balance staff, and parallel placement;
Cylinder, it is fixed on the base by cylinder saddle, and the inside is installed with solenoid valve, and the front end of cylinder has source of the gas; Piston rod is connected with an end of lever arm, and the other end of lever arm is sleeved on the balance staff, occupy between above-mentioned driving wheel lever arm and the above-mentioned clamping lever arm;
Above-mentioned balance staff is being supported by a pair of fore-stock;
Have at above-mentioned driving wheel lever arm and above-mentioned clamping lever arm stretching pulley an end below corresponding position, have a pair of balancing stand that is parallel to each other; A piezoelectric sensor respectively is installed on the above-mentioned balancing stand; The back-up roller wheel set is installed respectively on the above-mentioned balancing stand;
Above-mentioned electric machine support, above-mentioned fore-stock and above-mentioned balancing stand by screw retention on base;
Bent axle has preceding axle journal, back axle journal and crank throw; Can load onto the equivalent ring on the crank throw, during detection, preceding axle journal and back axle journal are placed on respectively on the back-up roller wheel set of above-mentioned balancing stand, can load and unload; Have taper shank on the back axle journal, be embedded with square key on the taper shank, install one near the support the square key near switch, near the rotating speed Hall element is housed in the switch.
The axle center of above-mentioned driving wheel overlaps with the center of balance staff; Lever arm back, above-mentioned back is close to the back lever arm, has slip cap, and this slip cap is sleeved on the balance staff.The middle part of above-mentioned driving wheel lever arm has auxiliary wheel at grade with above-mentioned stretching pulley.Stretching pulley away from balance staff on the above-mentioned clamping lever arm is adjustable.On the preceding axle journal of above-mentioned bent axle and the back axle journal profile of tooth belt wheel is installed.Respectively has the piezoelectric sensor output plug on the above-mentioned balancing stand.Above-mentioned bent axle has different models.Above-mentioned piezoelectric force transducer, above-mentioned drive motor, above-mentioned solenoid valve and above-mentionedly be communicated with industrial computer near switch.
The utility model has been taked the bilateral astragal kind of drive, when the workman operates at the characteristics of crankshaft structure, only need crankshaft part is put on the back-up roller wheel set, foot-switch, bent axle both sides respectively have a polyurethane driven in synchronism band that is tensioned, and are pressed in respectively on the axle journal on bent axle both sides, wherein the asynchronous drive motor by frequency control drives, utilize the friction force of driven in synchronism band, drive the bent axle high speed rotating, speed is fast, the loading and unloading bent axle is convenient, and scheme is feasible.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, concrete enforcement of the present utility model is described in further detail.For the person of ordinary skill in the field, from the detailed description to utility model, above-mentioned and other purposes of the present utility model, feature and advantage will be apparent.
Embodiment
The structural principal feature of the crankshaft dynamic balancing machine of the utility model preferred embodiment is, the rotation of adopting frequency converter to drive asynchronous drive motor drives the driven in synchronism band, this driven in synchronism band is tensioned and is pressed on the preceding axle journal of bent axle, relies on the friction force on the driven in synchronism band to drive crankshaft rotating.Considering when profile of tooth belt wheel place is subjected to load on the preceding axle journal of bent axle one cantilever end to make crankshaft part upwarp overturning, therefore, on the back axle journal of another cantilever end of crankshaft part, also apply balancing load, can be fitted in securely on the back-up roller wheel set with the axle journal that guarantees crankshaft part, normally be carried out to guarantee dynamic balancing measurement.Concrete implementation method is to rely on the driving wheel lever arm be installed on the balance staff and the swing of clamping lever arm on the structure, respectively axle journal before the bent axle and back axle journal are applied balanced pressure, the size of pressure relies on the tensile force of adjusting driven in synchronism band on driving wheel lever arm and the clamping lever arm respectively to realize.Wherein, the driven in synchronism band on the driving wheel lever arm is by the driving wheel driven rotary that is contained on the asynchronous drive motor axle, thereby can utilize the friction of driven in synchronism band, drives the preceding axle journal high speed rotating of bent axle, to implement dynamic balancing measurement.In design, allow the axle center of driving wheel overlap with the oscillation centre of lever arm, under the effect of cylinder, by piston rod hinge lever arm and balance staff, driving driving wheel lever arm and clamping lever arm swings up and down around the balance staff center, when driving wheel lever arm and clamping lever arm upwards lifted, the workman can the conveniently assemble and disassemble crankshaft part; When balance staff descended, the driven in synchronism band that axle journal and back axle journal are tensioned respectively before the bent axle was pushed down and by asynchronous drive motor driven in rotation.The preferable crankshaft dynamic balancing machine of executing example of the utility model adopts hard supporting structure.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete enforcement of the present utility model is elaborated.
Please refer to Fig. 1, drive motor 1 has the driving wheel (not shown) by electric machine support 13 supporting on the axle of drive motor 1, and the oscillation centre of the axle center of driving wheel and driving wheel lever arm 2 and clamping lever arm 4 is promptly with the axis coinciding of balance staff 27; Balance staff 27 is being supported by a pair of fore-stock 9; Driving wheel lever arm 2 and clamping lever arm 4 are installed in parallel on the balance staff 27, and driving wheel lever arm 2 is between fore-stock 9 and electric machine support 13; The back of clamping lever arm 4 has a slip cap (not shown), and this slip cap is sleeved on the balance staff 27 and is close to clamping lever arm 4, to prevent clamping lever arm 4 sliding phenomenon takes place at work.Electric machine support 13 and fore-stock 9 are screwed on base 11, T-slot is set on the base 11 is used to hold screw cap, make things convenient for the joint of screw.Between fore-stock 9, suit one lever arm 8 on the balance staff 27, the other end of lever arm 8 and piston rod hinge, cylinder 12 by cylinder saddle 15 by screw retention on base 11, cylinder is equipped with the solenoid valve (not shown) for 12 li, has source of the gas 14 (as shown in Figure 2) in the bottom of cylinder 12.
End away from balance staff 27 on the driving wheel lever arm 2 has a stretching pulley 19, the driving wheel on 1 of this stretching pulley 19 and the drive motor in one plane, stretching pulley 19 and driving wheel are around driven in synchronism band 3, as shown in Figure 2.On the driving wheel lever arm 2, an auxiliary wheel 20 is installed between stretching pulley 19 and the driving wheel, is used for auxiliary tensioning driven in synchronism band 3 when driving wheel lever arm 2 descends.An end that leaves balance staff 27 on the clamping lever arm 4 has two stretching pulleys, and is adjustable stretching pulley 21 away from the stretching pulley of balance staff 27, on these two stretching pulleys around driven in synchronism band 3.Corresponding position below an end that has stretching pulley on driving wheel lever arm 2 and the clamping lever arm 4 is provided with the balancing stand 10 that pair of parallel is placed, and a pair of back-up roller wheel set 7 is installed on the balancing stand 10.Bent axle 18 just is placed on the back-up roller wheel set 7 on the balancing stand 10.A piezoelectric sensor 17 and piezoelectric sensor output plug 16 respectively are installed on the balancing stand 10, and piezoelectric sensor 17 is used for picking up the unbalance vibration signal of balancing stand 10.
Before the balance test, at first equivalent ring 28 is contained on the crank throw 26 of crankshaft workpiece, rectifying plane c and c ' are preferably placed in both sides at equivalent ring 28, shown in Fig. 3,4, and then bent axle 18 is contained on the balancing stand 10 of dynamic balancing machine, axle journal 23 and back axle journal 24 are placed on respectively on the back-up roller wheel set 7 of balancing stand 10 before the bent axle, on axle journal 23 and the back axle journal 24 profile of tooth belt wheel (not shown) can be installed before the bent axle, it can thoroughly solve the problem of skidding, and fully guarantees measuring stability.Because the bent axle 18 of each model is different, must regulate the position of adjustable dog (not shown) before the test, carry out transient equilibrium then and demarcate.With foot-operated foot-switch (not shown) down, cylinder 12 promotes lever arm 8, and then rotation balance staff 27, thereby make driving wheel lever arm 2 and clamping lever arm 4 around balance staff 27 centers to lower swing, the amplitude of oscillation of swing is fixed by adjustable dog, and the driven in synchronism band 3 of tensioning is pressed in respectively on the preceding axle journal 23 and back axle journal 24 of bent axle.Among Fig. 4, arrow d and d ' exert pressure for axle journal before 3 pairs of bent axles of driven in synchronism band 23 and back axle journal 24.
Taper shank 25 behind the bent axle on the axle journal 24 is embedded with square key 22, install one near the square key 22 near switch 6, have rotating speed Hall element 5 for 6 li near switch, shown in Fig. 1,4, can utilize the rotation of square key 22 to pick up tach signal, as the phase-locking signal of transient equilibrium detection.
With reference to Fig. 5, the piezoelectric sensor 17 on the balancing stand 10 is communicated with industrial computer by the A/D card through modulate circuit, and the modulate circuit of present embodiment is the measuring amplifier of two passband quadravalence low-pass filtering.What the asynchronous drive motor 1 in the present embodiment adopted is the asynchronous machine 1 of 0.37KW, is driven by frequency converter, is communicated with industrial computer by the I/O card; Solenoid valve in the cylinder 12, also be communicated with industrial computer by the I/O card near switch 6 and relevant button groups.Before detecting transient equilibrium software should be installed on the industrial computer main frame, after preliminary work is finished, the workman only need press the self-poise button, asynchronous drive motor 1 starts rapidly under the control of industrial computer and reaches desired speed, and industrial computer picks up from piezoelectric sensor 17 with near the signal of switch 6, calculates through the transient equilibrium software analysis, on display screen, demonstrate the value and the phase place of amount of unbalance, underproof product will show the sign of " defective " on the display screen, to remind the workman.In order to enhance productivity, equivalent ring 28 should be prepared two identical covers, carries out in the process of balance test at workpiece, and the workman can adorn 28 in next one crankshaft workpiece to be measured with the second cover equivalent ring, make setup time and Measuring Time reach a part and overlap, to guarantee to improve detection efficiency.
The inspection object of crankshaft dynamic balancing machine described in the utility model is fit to type: IP61F, IP65F, IP70F-(can expand); Minimum achievable residual unbalance is when bent axle removes on the heavy fan-shaped radius in the left and right sides difference≤5g, unbalance reduction ratio (UnbalanceReduction Ratio, abbreviation URR) 〉=90%; The counterweight value of equivalent ring is installed on the crankshaft crank 26: IP61F is that 174g, IP65F are that 192g, IP70F are 226g.
The testing process of present embodiment is that unlatching industrial computer power supply, dynamic balancing machine power supply and source of the gas carry out bent axle 18 transient equilibrium calibration with tender; Advanced line parameter setting in industrial computer is provided with uneven maximum examination value; Tested crankshaft workpiece is contained on two groups of back-up roller wheel sets 7 of dynamic balancing machine balancing stand 10; The start detection button, cylinder 12 promotes lever arm 8, make driving wheel lever arm 2 and clamping lever arm 4 from position of readiness b, b ', as shown in Figure 2, depress to detection position a, a ', drive motor 1 drives 3 rotations of driven in synchronism band simultaneously, and the friction by the driven in synchronism band 3 and bent axle 18 diameters of axle accelerates to 1000 rev/mins with bent axle 18, rotating speed send industrial computer to handle and control by rotating speed Hall element 5 pickoff signals, behind invariablenes turning speed, the amount of unbalance when bent axle 18 rotates send industrial computer to handle and judgement by 17 pickoff signals of the piezoelectric sensor on the balancing stand, and testing result is presented on the display screen; After detection was finished, driving wheel lever arm 2 and clamping lever arm 4 were got back to position of readiness b, b ' automatically by cylinder 12 pullings; Take off to mend and survey crankshaft workpiece, carry out next round and detect; The detection beat of whole tested crankshaft workpiece was less than 20 seconds.
Certainly; the utility model can also have other embodiment; under the situation that does not deviate from the utility model spirit and essence thereof; the person of ordinary skill in the field works as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the utility model, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of claim of the present utility model.