CN201195589Y - Hydrofoil craft with displacement boat function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrofoil craft with the functions of a displacement boat, which comprises a main craft body, a propulsion unit and a stern rudder, wherein the bottom of the main craft body is provided with deep submerged type hydrofoils and movable skidding hydrofoils which can be adjusted with elevation, the deep submerged type hydrofoils are arranged on the back portion of the gravity of the main craft body, the movable skidding hydrofoils are arranged on the front portion of the main craft body, and the distance from the deep submerged type hydrofoils to the main craft body is larger than the distance from the movable skidding hydrofoils to the main craft body. The hydrofoil craft with the functions of the displacement boat has the advantages of fast navigation speed, excellent dynamic stability, high safety, energy conservation, and low production cost.

Description

Hydrofoil boat with planing boat function

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular to a hydrofoil boat with the function of a planing boat.

Background technique

Among the existing ships and boats, the utility model is similar to the planing boat and the hydrofoil boat.

The manufacturing cost of the planing boat is relatively low. When it is running at high speed, the bow of the boat rises, and about one-third of the tail is immersed in the water. The boat is supported by the relative momentum between the bottom and the water surface. The frictional resistance between the water and the hull is reduced, so a higher speed can be achieved. Its defective has: 1, the higher the speed of the planing boat, the higher the bow, and the more dangerous the driver. 2. The wave-making resistance is large, and the large waves will have an impact on the waterway. 3. There are restrictions on the length, breadth and draft of the ship, so it can only be used as a small boat and not a large ship. 4. I am afraid of wind and waves, and may capsize in big waves. 5. High fuel consumption.

Hydrofoil boats can be divided into shallow submerged hydrofoil boats, rowing hydrofoil boats and deep submerged hydrofoil boats. Among them, the performance of deep submerged hydrofoil boats with automatic balance control system is the best, which is generally A hydrofoil submerged deep in the water is installed at both ends of the bottom of the hull, and the relative momentum between the hydrofoil and the deep water is used to lift the hull above the entire hydrofoil out of the water. Both are very small, so the speed is fast and the fuel consumption is low. Its defects are as follows: 1. Once an accident occurs to the hydrofoil deeply immersed in the water, such as when water plants, fishing nets and other sundries are hung on the hydrofoil, it is easy to cause the hydrofoil to fail and cannot provide enough lift to make the hull fall and contact the water surface. The frictional resistance and wave-making resistance suffered by the hull suddenly increase, causing the hull to stall rapidly, and its acceleration is greater than the sudden braking of a car, which is quite dangerous. 2. The hydrofoil remains in the water all the time, and the contact area with the water remains unchanged. When the speed of the ship is stable, the lift provided by the hydrofoil can only be changed by changing its angle of attack. The load is constantly changing. In order to maintain the stability of the ship while driving, the existing deep-immersed hydrofoil boats adjust the angle of attack of the hydrofoils in real time through the automatic balance control system, and change the lift provided by the hydrofoils to maintain the stability of the ship. The stability of the ship, the automatic balance control system is similar to the balance system used on the aircraft, developed by the Boeing Company of the United States, so the cost of this ship type is expensive, and it is generally only used in military affairs.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a hydrofoil boat with the function of a planing boat with fast sailing speed, good dynamic stability, high safety, energy saving and low production cost.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

A hydrofoil boat with the function of a planing boat, including a main hull, a propulsion device and a stern rudder. The bottom of the main hull is provided with a deep-immersed hydrofoil and a movable hydrofoil that can be used for lifting and lowering. The deep-immersed hydrofoil It is arranged behind the center of gravity of the main hull, and the movable hydrofoil is arranged at the bow of the main hull, and the distance from the deep-immersed hydrofoil to the main hull is greater than the distance from the movable hydrofoil to the main hull.

The head end of the bottom of the main hull is provided with a pair of front fixed hydroskis, and the two front fixed hydroskis are respectively located on both sides of the movable hydroskis, and the tail end of the bottom of the main hull is provided with a pair of rear fixed hydroskis.

The head end of the main hull is provided with a pair of bulbous bows, and the two bulbous bows are respectively located on both sides of the movable hydroskiing wings, and the front fixed hydroskiing wings are arranged on the lower surface of the bulbous bows.

A balance rudder is installed on the side of the main hull.

The main hull is provided with a fully enclosed upper cover.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

1. When the ship is sailing, the deep-immersed hydrofoil extends below the water surface, and the movable hydrofoil keeps part of it in contact with the water surface. As the speed gradually increases, the lift provided by the deep-immersed hydrofoil and the movable hydrofoil to the main hull gradually Increased, about 80% of the weight of the main hull is supported by the deep-immersed hydrofoil. In order to reduce the wet water area of the ship, the control movable hydrofoil gradually protrudes downward relative to the main hull, which can realize the gradual rise of the entire main hull , until the main hull is completely out of the water. At this time, the main hull does not produce wave-making resistance and frictional resistance. The main hull is supported by movable hydrofoils and deep-immersed hydrofoils. Its speed can reach the level of existing hydrofoil ships, and the energy The consumption is very small; the lift provided by the active hydrofoil to the main hull is related to the size of its contact area with the water surface, it can be designed to have a large enough area, and only a small part of the active hydrofoil contacts under normal driving conditions On the water surface, when the pressure of the ship accidentally increases, the area of the movable hydrofoil contacting the water surface increases accordingly, and the lift provided by the main hull also increases. When the pressure of the ship decreases accidentally, the movable hydrofoil contacts the water surface. The area of the main hull is also reduced accordingly, and the lift provided by the main hull is also reduced, which can automatically maintain the height of the main hull; when driving at high speed, due to the inertia of the ship, the movable hydrofoil can also meet waves. Passing through the waves will not cause the main hull to rise and fall suddenly, which can ensure that the ship has a high anti-turbulence ability; as the hull weight, speed, and wind direction and wind force continue to change, the main hull will take the movable hydrofoil as the fulcrum to form a longitudinal The slight swing of the main hull produces a suitable pitch angle. The deep-immersed hydrofoil is fixed at the lower part of the main hull, and it will automatically change the angle of attack with the swing of the main hull. The lift provided is adaptively adjusted with the change of the angle of attack to achieve the purpose of maintaining the longitudinal balance of the main hull, so this ship type can also realize the adjustment of the angle of attack of the deep submerged hydrofoil without an expensive automatic balance control system. The real-time adjustment of the main hull meets the needs of maintaining the balance of the main hull, thereby greatly reducing the production cost; because the ship is supported by the movable hydrofoil and the deep-immersed hydrofoil at the front and rear points, it has good dynamic stability. , When turning at a high speed, the ship can actively generate a suitable heel to offset the centrifugal force, so that the passengers will not easily feel seasick.

2. The bottom of the main hull can be equipped with a front fixed hydro-ski and a rear fixed hydro-ski. In the middle stage of the speed increase of the ship, the main hull is basically separated from the water surface, and the front fixed hydro-ski and the rear fixed hydro-ski contact the water surface and provide The main lift, the deep-immersed hydrofoil can also provide part of the lift underwater, and the principle of navigation is basically the same as that of a planing boat.

3. In the high-speed stage of the ship, only the movable hydrofoil and the deep-immersion hydrofoil provide lift, and the four fixed hydrofoils are all separated from the water surface, the resistance is further reduced, the speed is further increased, and energy saving is achieved. If the deep-immersed hydrofoil of the ship is hung with aquatic plants, fishing nets or even hits a rock, the effect of the deep-immersed hydrofoil to provide lift will also disappear, but after the main hull falls to the water surface, the front fixed hydrofoil and the rear fixed hydrofoil will It will immediately play the role of providing lift for the main hull, so that the ship can still slide on the water surface. When returning to the middle stage of sliding, the main hull can still maintain a speed of about 70 km/h, so that the main hull will not suddenly stall. There is no danger of capsizing, and the safety is improved compared with the existing hydrofoil boats.

4. Balance rudders are installed on the side of the main hull. One or more pieces of balance rudders can be installed on one side of the main hull, or multiple pieces can be installed on both sides of the main hull at the same time as required. The purpose is to maintain high-speed sailing. time lateral stability.

5. There is a pair of bulbous bows at the front end of the main hull, which makes the ship equivalent to an ordinary displacement catamaran at the start-up stage of low-speed navigation, which can ensure the stability of the main hull and prevent waves on the deck.

6. The ship adopts a fully enclosed structure. When encountering super large waves, the whole ship can pass through the waves while ensuring the safety of the passengers.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the BB sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the right view of the utility model.

Each label in the figure means:

1. Main hull 2. Submerged hydrofoil

3. Movable hydrofoil 4. Front fixed hydrofoil

5. Rear fixed hydrofoil 6. Balanced rudder

7. Bulbous bow 8. Top cover

9. Horizontal plane 10. Stern rudder

11. Cylinder 12. Propulsion device

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the hydrofoil boat with the function of a planing boat of the present invention comprises a main hull 1, a propulsion device 12 and a stern rudder 10, the propulsion device 12 of the present embodiment is a propeller propulsion device, and the propulsion device 12 and stern rudder 10 are installed in the afterbody of main hull 1. The bottom of the main hull 1 is provided with a deep-immersed hydrofoil 2 and a movable hydrofoil 3 that can be used for lifting adjustment. The deep-immersed hydrofoil 2 is welded and fixed at a position close to the center of gravity G of the main hull 1 through two connecting plates, and is located at At the rear of the center of gravity G, the movable hydrofoil 3 is arranged at the bow of the main hull 1, the distance D1 from the deep-immersed hydrofoil 2 to the main hull 1 is greater than the distance D2 from the movable hydrofoil 3 to the main hull 1, and the movable hydrofoil 3 The lifting adjustment can be realized through various transmission methods, such as rack and pinion transmission mechanism, four-bar linkage mechanism with stepping motor, electro-hydraulic push rod, etc. In this embodiment, the cylinder 11 is used to drive the lifting of the movable hydrofoil 3, and the cylinder The cylinder body welding of 11 is fixed on the main hull 1, and the piston rod of cylinder 11 is connected with movable hydrofoil 3. When the ship is sailing, the deep-immersion hydrofoil 2 extends below the water surface, and the movable hydrofoil 3 keeps in contact with the water surface. The head end of the main hull 1 is provided with a pair of bulbous bows 7, and the two bulbous bows 7 are respectively located on both sides of the movable hydrofoil 3. The structure of the double bulbous bows 7 can ensure that the main hull 1 has good stability, and can also Prevent deck waves. The lower bottom surface of the bulbous bow 7 is provided with a front fixed hydro-skiing wing 4, and a pair of rear fixed hydro-skiing wings 5 are arranged at the tail end of the bottom of the main hull 1, and the two rear fixed hydro-skiing wings 5 are arranged symmetrically along the longitudinal axis of the main hull 1. The mounting position of hydroskiing wing 3 is just in the middle of two front fixed hydroskiing wings 4. In the start-up phase of sailing, the front fixed hydro-skiing foil 4 and the rear fixed hydro-skiing foil 5 can keep the main hull 1 in good lateral stability and longitudinal stability. A balance rudder 6 is installed on one side of the main hull 1, which has a certain distance from the longitudinal axis of the main hull 1 and has a larger arm of force. , the balance rudder 6 can provide a moment to maintain the balance of the main hull 1, and the angle of attack of the balance rudder 6 can be controlled by a manual or automatic control device to realize the adjustment of the moment. The main hull 1 is provided with a fully enclosed loam cake 8, and when encountering super-large waves, the ship can pass through the waves while ensuring the safety of the passengers. Viewed from the side, the combined shape of the upper cover 8 and the main hull 1 is roughly oval, and the oval shape is an excellent streamlined design, which can reduce air resistance during high-speed navigation and increase navigation speed.

Principle of work of the present utility model: start propulsion device 12, and this ship starts sailing forward along the direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 1, enters the start-up stage, and its characteristic is equivalent to common displacement type catamaran. When the speed rises to about 30 km/h, it enters the intermediate speed-up stage, and the front fixed hydrofoil 4 and the rear fixed hydrofoil 5 begin to slide on the water surface and provide most of the lift; at this time, the movable hydrofoil 3 maintains part In contact with the water surface, it provides a small part of lift for the main hull 1 together with the deep-immersion hydrofoil 2 kept below the water level 9, and the speed of the ship can be further improved. When the speed reaches about 60 km/h, it enters the stage of high-speed driving, and the balance rudder 7 is used to improve the stability of the boat. The hull 1 provides a strong enough lift, and about 80% of the weight of the main hull 1 is supported by the deep-immersed hydrofoil 2. At this time, the movable hydrofoil 3 is gradually stretched out relative to the main hull 1 through the cylinder 11, so that the entire main hull can be realized. The hull 1 gradually rises until the front fixed hydroskis 4 and the rear fixed hydroskis 5 break away from the horizontal plane 9 at the bottom of the main hull 1. At this time, the main hull 1 does not produce frictional resistance and wave resistance, and its speed can be further improved to reach The speed level of existing hydrofoil boats, and the energy consumption is very little. The lift provided by the movable hydrofoil 3 to the main hull 1 is related to the size of its contact area with the water surface. It can be designed to have a sufficiently large area, and only a small part of the movable hydrofoil 3 touches the water surface under normal driving conditions. When the pressure of the ship on the water surface increases accidentally, the area of the movable hydrofoil 3 in contact with the water surface increases accordingly, and the lift provided by the main hull 1 also increases; The area of the hydrofoil 3 contacting the water surface is also reduced accordingly, and the lift force provided by the main hull 1 is also reduced, thereby automatically maintaining the height of the main hull 1 . When running at high speed, due to the inertia of the ship, the movable hydrofoil 3 can also pass through the waves when encountering waves, without causing the main hull 1 to rise and fall suddenly, which can ensure that the ship has a higher anti-turbulence capability. With the continuous change of hull weight, speed, and wind direction and wind force, the main hull 1 will form a slight longitudinal swing with the movable hydrofoil 3 as the fulcrum to generate a suitable pitch angle. The deep-immersed hydrofoil 2 is fixed on the lower part of the main hull 1, It will automatically change the angle of attack with the swing of the main hull 1, so when the longitudinal swing of the main hull 1 just occurs, the lift provided by the deep-immersed hydrofoil 2 will be adaptively adjusted as the angle of attack changes, so as to maintain the main The purpose of the longitudinal balance of the hull 1, so this ship type can also realize the real-time adjustment of the angle of attack of the deep-immersed hydrofoil 2 without an expensive automatic balance control system, so as to meet the needs of maintaining the balance of the main hull 1, so that it can greatly reduce manufacturing cost. Because the ship is supported by the movable hydrofoil 3 and the deep immersion hydrofoil 2 as the front and rear points, it has good dynamic stability. When turning at high speed, the ship can actively generate heel to The centrifugal force is counteracted so that the rider will not easily feel seasick. This principle is the same as that of a bicycle to maintain balance. If the deep-submerged hydrofoil 2 of the ship is hung with aquatic plants, fishing nets or even hit the rocks, the effect of the deep-submerged hydrofoil 2 to provide lift will also disappear, but after the main hull 1 falls to the horizontal plane 9, the front fixed hydrofoil 4 and the rear The fixed hydrofoil 5 will immediately play the role of providing lift for the main hull 1, so that the ship can also slide on the water, which is equivalent to a broken-level planing boat, and the main hull 1 can still maintain a speed of about 70 kilometers per hour. , will not cause the main hull 1 to stall suddenly, and there will be no danger of capsizing, which improves the safety compared with the existing hydrofoil boats.

Claims (6)

1. hydrofoil boat with the glider function, comprise main body (1), propelling unit (12) and stern rudder (10), the bottom that it is characterized in that described main body (1) is provided with the activity water skiing wing (3) that soaks formula hydrofoil (2) deeply and can make lift adjustment, soak formula hydrofoil (2) deeply and be arranged at the rear of main body (1) center of gravity, the activity water skiing wing (3) is arranged at the stem of main body (1), soak deeply formula hydrofoil (2) to the distance of main body (1) greater than the distance of the activity water skiing wing (3) to main body (1).

2. the hydrofoil boat of band glider function according to claim 1, the head end that it is characterized in that described main body (1) bottom is provided with a pair of preceding fixedly water skiing wing (4), the two preceding fixedly water skiing wings (4) lay respectively at the both sides of the activity water skiing wing (3), and the tail end of main body (1) bottom is provided with the fixedly water skiing wing (5) of a pair of back.

3. the hydrofoil boat of band glider function according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described main body (1) head end is provided with a pair of bulbous bow (7), two bulbous bows (7) lay respectively at the both sides of the activity water skiing wing (3), and the described preceding fixedly water skiing wing (4) is located at the bottom surface of bulbous bow (7).

4. according to the hydrofoil boat of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described band glider functions, it is characterized in that the side of described main body (1) is equiped with balanced rudder (6).

5. according to the hydrofoil boat of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described band glider functions, it is characterized in that described main body (1) is provided with totally enclosed loam cake (8).

6. the hydrofoil boat of band glider function according to claim 4 is characterized in that described main body (1) is provided with totally enclosed loam cake (8).

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