CN201136075Y - Tooth-shaped EDM generating and machining rotating electrode with local directional internal injection of spark fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tooth-shaped electric spark generating and processing rotary electrode for spark liquid local directional internal spray supply liquid, the rotary electrode includes a tool electrode and a local directional internal spray structure; the tool electrode and the local directional internal spray structure pass through the sealing felt Connection; the tool electrode consists of three parts, one end is a toothed section, the other end is a conical section, and the middle part is a cylindrical section; the local directional internal spray structure includes a sealing felt, a felt fixing seat, a water inlet steel pipe and a fixed support plate, and the sealing felt It is fixed on the felt fixing seat, the felt fixing seat is connected with the water inlet steel pipe, the felt fixing seat is fixed by a lock nut, and a compression spring is arranged between the lock nut and the fixed support plate. The rotating electrode effectively solves the problem of liquid supply and slag discharge in EDM with a large depth-to-diameter ratio, making the machining process stable, uniform discharge, remarkable heat and slag discharge effects, stable liquid supply itself, no hydraulic power influence, and no vibration.

Description

Tooth-shaped EDM generating and machining rotating electrode with local directional internal injection of spark fluid

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of machine-manufacturing directional liquid-supply internal spray devices, in particular to a gear-shaped electric spark developing and processing rotating electrode for spark liquid local directional internally spraying liquid supply.

Background technique

In EDM, the existing spark fluid supply methods mainly include the following:

Soaking method: When the processing depth is shallow, the workpiece and the working part of the tool electrode and the working area are soaked in the EDM fluid. The disadvantage is that EDM products, slag, and slag are easy to remain, difficult to remove, and easy to cause "secondary discharge" and reduce efficiency. The method of regularly lifting the knife is often used to remove the products.

Flushing method: divided into external flushing and internal spray flushing, the slag discharge effect is better than the soaking method, the direction control of the external flushing liquid is poor, it is not easy to discharge slag at deep corners, and increasing the liquid supply pressure may cause electrode Vibration and damage to machining accuracy; when flushing liquid is sprayed inside, the pressure spark fluid enters through the tool tube electrode, and the liquid flows out from the gap between the tube electrode and the processed hole of the workpiece after passing through the processing area, which can completely remove the residue. During the process, the spark fluid flows out from the tube to the surroundings, and cannot realize the directional flow as required. In some cases, the working pressure of the spark fluid will be reduced, or the required flow rate will be insufficient.

Contents of the invention

In view of the fact that the existing tooth-shaped EDM with relatively large depth and diameter does not have smooth chip removal and insufficient liquid supply, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a tooth-shaped EDM in which the spark liquid is locally oriented and internally sprayed to supply liquid. Rotate the electrode. The electrode makes the electric discharge working fluid directly and effectively act on the electric discharge machining area, thereby improving the machining efficiency, improving the machining accuracy and reducing the surface roughness.

The electrode can also be applied to special processing techniques, such as electrolytic forming of spline grooves on the inner surface with a large depth-to-diameter ratio, internal gears, internal threads, EDM synchronous conjugate internal thread processing, powder-mixed EDM finishing, etc., providing Effective tool structure design, liquid guiding device.

The electrode can also be used in other similar occasions of mechanical processing, that is, the rotary parts need to provide liquid injection in a fixed direction, such as: internal spraying of coolant on the internal grinding wheel, drilling exploration engineering, etc.

The utility model is realized through the following technical scheme: a tooth-shaped EDM rotating electrode for spark liquid local directional internal spray supply liquid, including a tool electrode (7) and a local directional internal spray structure; the tool electrode ( 7) It is connected with the local directional internal spraying structure through a sealing felt (21).

The tool electrode (7) includes three parts, one end is a toothed section (a), the other end is a conical section (c), and the middle part is a cylindrical section (b); the tool electrode toothed section (a) A row of spray holes (28) is arranged in each dedendum groove, and each row of spray holes (28) is equidistantly arranged in the axial direction, and each spray hole (28) is aligned with the central axis of the tool electrode (7). Vertical, each injection hole (28) communicates with a deep hole (29) parallel to the central axis of the tool electrode (7), one end of the deep hole (29) is provided with a plug (31) for interference fit sealing, and the other end is Radial water inlet holes (30) with equal diameters communicate with each other, and the radial water inlet holes (30) are arranged on the cylindrical section (b) of the tool electrode (7).

The local directional internal spraying structure includes a sealing felt (21), a felt fixing seat (22), a water inlet steel pipe (25) and a fixed support plate (26), and the sealing felt (21) is fixed on the felt fixing seat (22) , the felt fixing seat (22) is connected with the water inlet steel pipe (25), the felt fixing seat (22) is fixed by a lock nut (23), and a compression spring (24) is set between the lock nut (23) and the fixed support plate (26) ).

In order to better realize the utility model, each row of spray holes (28) is 9 spray holes. The sealing felt (21) is fixed on the felt fixing seat (22) by embedding or bonding.

The felt fixing seat (22) is threadedly connected to the water inlet steel pipe (25) and locked by a locking nut (23).

The utility model has the following characteristics:

1. The spark liquid of the utility model is locally oriented and internally sprayed to form a tooth-shaped electric discharge machining rotating electrode. No matter whether the tool is rotated or not, a row of jet streams ejected from the electrode is always sprayed from top to bottom in the vertical plane. , the liquid effectively reaches the processing discharge area, thereby maintaining high pressure and sufficient flow.

2. The tool electrode structure with equidistant axially arranged spray holes and axial deep holes intersecting with each other but not connected to each other: the tool electrode processed by EDM into an internal gear is an external gear, and each row of spray holes Opened on the surface of each tooth root groove, a row of spray holes is connected by a deep hole parallel to the axis. One end of the deep hole has a plug interference fit seal, and the other end communicates with a radial water inlet hole of the same diameter. .

3. Partial contact between the outer arc surface of the middle cylindrical section of the tool electrode and the sealing felt fixing seat: the felt fixing seat and the felt present a square structure, and form partial contact with the outer circular surface at the radial water inlet of the tool electrode, that is, the tool When the electrode is turned to any position, it can be ensured that at least 3 water inlet holes communicate with the inner cavity of the felt fixing seat, so as to ensure the continuous supply of spark fluid. And only the 3 water inlet holes at the lowest position can have the spark liquid enter, and the spark liquid can be sprayed out when reaching the bottom 3 rows of small spray holes (one row has nine small holes, evenly distributed), so as to realize local directional and effective supply. liquid. In this way, the cremation fluid can be continuously and directionally supplied, that is, the cremation fluid can only enter the connected deep holes from the three radial water inlet holes at the bottom of the middle cylindrical part of the tool electrode, and then spray from the bottom three rows of spray holes come out to realize local directional and effective liquid supply.

4. Double floating structure: the tool electrode rotates, but the sealing felt and the felt fixing seat are fixed, and the leakage problem of the dynamic seal is solved by the double floating structure. The pre-compression force of the compression spring makes the sealing felt, felt fixing seat, lock nut, water inlet steel pipe and other components always press against the contact surface of the electrode when the electrode rotates, so that the sealing felt and the tool electrode are always in good contact. The sealing felt itself has a certain degree of compression and floating, which can compensate for the local unevenness of the contact surface of the electrode structure and avoid leakage.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) Sufficient liquid supply, sufficient pressure, strong slag discharge and heat dissipation capabilities: ordinary liquid supply is sprayed along the 360° direction of the tool electrode, and the diameter of the outlet is increased, which not only reduces the pressure of the liquid supply, reduces the flow rate, and reduces the effective flow in the working area, Moreover, the flushing direction of the slag discharge is chaotic, which is unfavorable for the slag discharge and the used working fluid to flow out, the liquid circulation speed is reduced, and the heat dissipation effect is deteriorated. The utility model focuses on the local directional spraying in the working area, which can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of common liquid supply, and can be said to be "using steel on the cutting edge".

(2) Good solution to the dynamic sealing problem and no leakage: the double floating structure makes the dynamic sealing effect good, and there is no leakage of liquid at the interface. On the one hand, the pressure is maintained, and on the other hand, the working site is clean and does not pollute the motor.

(3) It is convenient to observe the movement of the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode: due to the local directional spraying, the processed surface can be clearly observed during the processing cycle, which provides convenience for adjusting parameters.

(4) Strong adaptability, suitable for electrodes of different diameters: when the local contact method changes the diameter of the tool electrode or the diameter of the contact part, the same set of felts, felt holders, compression springs, steel pipes and other components can be used.

(5) Good versatility: the device can also be used in other occasions such as EDM machining (splines, threads, internal tooth synchronous pulleys), powder-mixed EDM finishing, etc., especially when the depth and diameter are relatively large, it can also be used Electrolyte supply for electrolytic machining.

(6) Device simplification: Cooperating with special tool electrodes, the liquid supply device has simple structure, few components, low cost, easy processing device, easy installation and adjustment.

This device effectively solves the problem of liquid supply and slag discharge in EDM with a large depth-to-diameter ratio, making the machining process stable, uniform discharge, remarkable heat and slag discharge effects, stable liquid supply itself, no hydraulic power influence, and no vibration.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a rotating electrode of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool electrode of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a left projected view of the tool electrode of FIG. 2 .

Among them: 7-tool electrode; 21-sealing felt; 22-felt fixing seat; 23-lock nut; 24-compression spring; 25-inlet steel pipe; 26-fixed support plate; 27-pressure spark fluid hose; 28- Jet small hole; 29-deep hole; 30-inlet hole; 31-plug; a-toothed section; b-cylindrical section; c-conical section.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the utility model is not limited thereto.

Example

As shown in Figure 1, the tooth-shaped EDM of the spark liquid local directional internal injection supply liquid is developed into a machining rotary electrode, including the tool electrode 7 and the local directional internal spray structure; the tool electrode 7 and the local directional internal spray structure pass through the sealing felt. 21 connections.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the tool electrode 7 includes three parts, one end is a toothed section a, the other end is a conical section c, and the middle part is a cylindrical section b; the tool electrode toothed section a Each root groove is provided with a row of spray holes 28, and each row of spray holes 28 has 9 spray holes. The spray holes 28 in each row are equidistant and evenly distributed axially, each spray hole 28 is perpendicular to the central axis of the tool electrode 7, and each spray small hole 28 communicates with a deep hole 29 parallel to the central axis of the tool electrode 7, One end of the deep hole 29 is provided with a plug 31 for an interference fit seal, and the other end is connected to a radial water inlet 30 with the same diameter as the diameter. The radial water inlet 30 is provided on the cylindrical section b of the tool electrode 7 . The number of teeth of the tool electrode 7 is z1, and the deep holes 29 with the number of z1 are connected with a row of small injection holes 28 in the tooth groove, and communicate with the water inlet holes 30 with the number of z1 at the right end, and the plugs 31 with the number of z1 are in interference fit with the left end of the deep hole 29. Thus, a z1 number of independent water flow paths are formed.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the local directional internal spray structure includes a sealing felt 21 , a felt fixing seat 22 , a water inlet steel pipe 25 and a fixed support plate 26 . The sealing felt 21 is fixed on the felt fixing seat 22 by embedding or bonding. The felt fixing seat 22 is threadedly connected with the water inlet steel pipe 25 and locked by a locking nut 23 . The felt fixing seat 22 is fixed by a lock nut 23 , and a compression spring 24 is arranged between the lock nut 23 and the fixed support plate 26 . Water inlet steel pipe 25 is connected with pressure spark fluid hose 27. Water inlet steel pipe 25 is clearance fit with the hole on the fixed support plate 26.

When the tool electrode 7 rotates, the sealing felt 21 and the felt fixing seat 22 do not move, and the leakage problem of the dynamic seal is solved by the double floating structure. Components such as the water inlet steel pipe 25 are always pressed against the electrode contact surface when the electrode rotates, so that the sealing felt 21 and the tool electrode 7 are always in good contact. The sealing felt 21 itself has certain compressibility and floatability, which can compensate the local unevenness of the contact surface of the electrode structure and avoid leakage.

For better implementation, the following points need to be explained:

1. Processing of deep hole 29 and plug 31: The electrode material is copper or brass. Ordinary deep hole 29 can be completed by mechanical drilling. If the depth-diameter ratio is large, it can be realized by EDM inside the tube electrode. It can be purchased in the general mold tool market. The seal at the left end can adopt cylindrical plug or steel ball 31, just get final product by pressing in with interference.

2. Felt fixation: the sealing felt 21 and the felt fixing seat 22 can be bonded with water-resistant glue; or a four-sided communication groove can be opened on the felt fixing seat 22, and the sealing felt 21 can be embedded therein.

3. The water inlet hole 30 needs to be chamfered: in order to reduce the abrasion of the rotating electrode to the fixed sealing felt 21, the water inlet hole 30 must be chamfered and deburred.

4. The felt fixing seat 22 is arc-shaped: in order to ensure that the pressure around the sealing felt 21 is consistent, the felt fixing seat 22 can be trimmed to form an arc surface with a radius of curvature equal to the radius of the tool electrode to achieve better sealing and guiding effects.

5. Sliding fit between the outer surface of the water inlet steel pipe 25 and the fixed support plate 26: the surface of the water inlet steel pipe 25 and the plate hole of the fixed support plate 26 need to be polished, the cylindricity is a technical requirement, and the fit clearance is controlled at 0.03-0.05mm.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred implementation mode of the present utility model, but the implementation mode of the present utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications and substitutions made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present utility model , combination, and simplification, all should be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. A toothed EDM rotating electrode for spark liquid local directional internal spraying and liquid supply, characterized in that: the rotary electrode includes a tool electrode (7) and a local directional internal spraying structure; the tool electrode (7 ) and the local directional internal spray structure are connected by sealing felt (21); The tool electrode (7) includes three parts, one end is a toothed section (a), the other end is a conical section (c), and the middle part is a cylindrical section (b); the tool electrode toothed section (a) A row of spray holes (28) is arranged in each dedendum groove, and each row of spray holes (28) is equidistantly arranged in the axial direction, and each spray hole (28) is aligned with the central axis of the tool electrode (7). Vertical, each injection hole (28) communicates with a deep hole (29) parallel to the central axis of the tool electrode (7), one end of the deep hole (29) is provided with a plug (31) for interference fit sealing, and the other end is Radial water inlet holes (30) with equal diameters communicate with each other, and the radial water inlet holes (30) are arranged on the cylindrical section (b) of the tool electrode (7); The local directional internal spraying structure includes a sealing felt (21), a felt fixing seat (22), a water inlet steel pipe (25) and a fixed support plate (26), and the sealing felt (21) is fixed on the felt fixing seat (22) , the felt fixing seat (22) is connected with the water inlet steel pipe (25), the felt fixing seat (22) is fixed by a lock nut (23), and a compression spring (24) is set between the lock nut (23) and the fixed support plate (26) ). 2. The tooth-shaped EDM rotary electrode for spark liquid local directional internal spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: each row of spray holes (28) is 9 spray holes . 3. The tooth-shaped EDM rotary electrode for spark liquid local directional internal spraying and liquid supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sealing felt (21) is fixed on the felt by embedding or bonding. on the fixing seat (22). 4. A toothed EDM rotary electrode for spark liquid local directional internal spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: the felt fixing seat (22) and the water inlet steel pipe (25) are threaded Connect and lock with lock nut(23).

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