CN201129917Y - Fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sintering furnace for fly ash ceramsite, which comprises: a furnace body, a furnace cavity for accommodating fly ash ceramsite is formed inside, a bellows, which is welded at the bottom end of the furnace body, and the bellows is provided with a discharge port and The air inlet; the air induction equipment, which is connected with the air inlet; and the tower grate unloader, which is rotatably supported at the bottom of the furnace cavity; wherein, the fly ash raw material balls are ignited at the top of the furnace cavity, and gradually self-sintered to bottom of the oven cavity. During the sintering process of the fly ash raw meal balls using the sintering furnace of the utility model, the raw meal balls are sequentially dried, preheated, burned, sintered, and cooled, and no other equipment is needed for drying, preheating, and cooling. These processes are completed in the furnace, so the sealing is good, the sintering is uniform, and the yield is as high as 95%. The sintering process does not require fuel. Due to the thick material layer, the dust is filtered and blocked in the furnace, so no dust is discharged. The process is characterized by energy saving, environmental protection, large amount of ash, and high yield.

Description

Fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace

technical field

The utility model relates to a fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace.

Background technique

As a lightweight aggregate, fly ash ceramsite is a kind of artificial lightweight aggregate made of fly ash as the main raw material through metering, batching, molding and sintering. Fly ash ceramsite is generally spherical, rough and hard, and has strong durability in terms of frost resistance, water absorption, stability, softening coefficient, etc., and the concrete made of fly ash ceramsite is better than natural stone The concrete produced is strong. Therefore, fly ash ceramsite has been widely used to prepare high-strength lightweight concrete for various purposes. According to needs, plain ceramsite concrete and prestressed ceramsite concrete of different grades can be prepared, and construction methods such as prefabrication, cast-in-place, sliding formwork, and mechanical molding can be used to make heat-insulating enclosures, load-bearing components, and fly ash pottery. High-strength and light-weight new building materials such as hollow blocks, porous bricks, floor bricks, standard bricks, thermal insulation wall panels, etc.

Therefore, the production of fly ash ceramsite has become a hot field in the construction industry. Chinese Utility Model Patent Publication CN2515627Y discloses a mechanical shaft kiln with fly ash ceramsite, which is composed of a dust collector, an exhaust duct and a steel kiln body, and the upper end of the steel kiln body is provided with a dust collector, an exhaust duct and an inlet Feed port and distributor, the bottom of the furnace is equipped with a feeder, a discharge channel and a discharge port, and the fly ash ceramsite is fired internally, and the fly ash ceramsite is not easy to bond when it flows and roasts in the kiln. However, the combustion process produces a large amount of waste gas and dust, which does not meet the requirements of environmental protection, and the flow roasting requires high bonding strength of the fly ash raw balls to be sintered, which limits the utilization efficiency of fly ash.

Chinese utility model patent publication CN2748853Y discloses a kind of equipment for producing high-strength fly ash ceramsite by sintering method, including roasting device and material conveying mechanism, and roasting device includes preheating chamber, ignition chamber, ignition stove and weak, medium and strong The three-stage roasting bellows, the material conveying structure includes a feeding car, a track, a power mechanism and a feeding car reversing mechanism. The track is arranged horizontally and forms a ring shape. The roasting process relies on the spontaneous combustion of fly ash, which greatly reduces energy consumption. However, the use of such fly ash sintering equipment requires many processes for fly ash sintering, complicated equipment, and very large cost input, which is not conducive to popularization and use.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a fly ash sintering furnace and a fly ash product sintering furnace which improve the utilization rate of fly ash and reduce environmental pollution.

In order to achieve this purpose, the utility model provides a fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace, comprising: a furnace body, a furnace cavity for containing fly ash ceramsite is formed inside, a bellows is welded at the bottom of the furnace body, and the bellows is provided with The discharge port and the air induction port; the air induction equipment, which is connected to the air induction port; and the tower grate unloader, which is rotatably supported at the bottom of the furnace cavity; wherein, the fly ash raw material ball is ignited at the top of the furnace cavity, Gradually self-sinter to the bottom end of the furnace cavity.

Preferably, the above-mentioned tower grate unloader includes a support shaft fixed to a support shaft bracket, a grate plate with holes is fixed on the bracket, and at least one scraper plate extending downward is also provided on the bracket, the grate plate There are several protruding broken teeth on the surface.

Preferably, the above-mentioned tower grate unloader is driven by a rotary drive device; the rotary drive device at least includes a motor and a cycloid reducer.

Preferably, a wear-resistant liner is installed on the side wall of the bellows.

Preferably, the discharge port is connected to a discharge chute, and a valve is installed on the discharge chute.

Preferably, the top of the furnace body is provided with a movable igniter.

Preferably, a movable distributor is provided on the top of the furnace body.

Preferably, the furnace body is placed substantially vertically or inclined;

Preferably, the above-mentioned furnace cavity is cylindrical or funnel-shaped. When the furnace cavity is cylindrical, the diameter of the furnace cavity is 1000-3000 mm, and the height is 1000-3000 mm.

The utility model also provides a fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace, which at least includes a furnace body, the furnace body includes a furnace chamber, the furnace chamber includes a first port and a second port, the first port is provided with a draft device, the second It is the ignition port of the fly ash raw meal ball; wherein, the fly ash raw meal ball in the furnace body self-combusts from the second port to the first port.

Preferably, the second port is located at the top of the furnace cavity, and the first port is located at the bottom of the furnace cavity, wherein a discharger is also provided in the first port.

Preferably, the above-mentioned first port is located at the top of the furnace cavity, and the second port is located at the bottom of the furnace cavity, wherein a discharger is also provided in the second port.

Preferably, the above-mentioned unloader is a tower grate unloader rotatably supported at the bottom of the furnace chamber, the conical tower grate of the tower grate unloader extends into the furnace chamber, and the edge of the tower grate and the wall of the furnace chamber There is a spacing between them, and the spacing is 100-300mm.

Preferably, the above-mentioned second port is a distributing port of the fly ash raw material ball, and is provided with a movable ignition device.

Preferably, the air induction device is arranged on the wall of the furnace body, and the first port is the distributing port of the fly ash raw meal ball.

Preferably, the tower grate unloader is driven by a driving device located at the bottom of the furnace body, and the driving device includes at least a motor and a cycloid reducer.

The utility model also provides a sintering furnace for fly ash products, which at least includes a furnace body. mouth, and the second end is the air outlet, wherein the fly ash product is self-combusted from the first end of the furnace body to the second end of the furnace body.

Compared with the prior art, during the sintering process of the sintering furnace of the present utility model, the induced draft fan discharges the combustion-supporting air through the bellows from the outlet of the induced fan (the outlet of the induced fan is connected to a dust removal device (not shown)). , in the top-down sintering process, on the contrary, the bottom-up sintering process, the raw pellets are dried, preheated, burned, sintered, and cooled in sequence, without other equipment for drying , preheating and cooling. These processes are all completed in the furnace. The core of the process is upper ignition, lower air induction, and static sintering, so it is well sealed, sintered evenly, and the yield of finished products is as high as 95%. The sintering process does not require fuel. After the dust is filtered, it is blocked in the furnace, so no dust is discharged. The characteristics of this process are energy saving (the combustion process does not require energy), environmental protection (no dust discharge), and a large amount of ash (the amount of fly ash is more than 90%). High yield (95%).

It should be noted that both the above description and the following detailed description are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed invention.

In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present utility model has other purposes, features and advantages. The other purposes, features and effects of the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this specification and are used to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate preferred embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 has shown the furnace body of fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows the lower structure of the fly ash sintering furnace shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 shows the disc discharge valve of the fly ash sintering furnace shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 shows the igniter of the fly ash sintering furnace shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 shows the grate bar of igniter among Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 shows the distributing device of the fly ash sintering furnace shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the production line of the fly ash ceramsite sintering equipment according to the utility model;

Fig. 9 is a schematic top view of the production line of the fly ash ceramsite sintering equipment according to the utility model;

Fig. 10 shows a schematic structural view of a fly ash sintering furnace according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed ways

Preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. Feed valve 60.

The furnace body 10 and the wind box 50 are welded together, and the tower grate unloader 40 is located at the bottom of the furnace cavity 12 of the furnace body 10. During the sintering process, the tower grate unloader 40 is stationary so as to hold After the fly ash raw meal balls 30 in the furnace chamber 12 are sintered, the tower grate unloader 40 rotates so as to break the raw meal balls 30 that may be agglomerated, and the successfully sintered fly ash is passed through the scraper plate 41 The ceramsite is scraped into the chute 55, and the chute 55 is provided with a discharge disc valve 60, which seals the chute 55 during the sintering process, and opens the discharge after sintering.

The bellows 50 is provided with an air-introduction port 53, and the air-introduction port 53 is provided with an induced draft fan 70. The induced draft fan 70 draws out the air in the furnace cavity and the bellows box to generate a negative pressure so that the cavity 12 with the fly ash raw material ball 30 is housed. form a top-down airflow. An igniter 20 is provided on the upper end of the furnace body 10 , and under the negative pressure of the cavity 12 , the igniter 20 forms a downward burning flame to ignite the fly ash raw material ball 30 .

The fly ash sintering method according to the utility model will be described below in conjunction with the structural schematic diagram of the above-mentioned fly ash sintering furnace.

According to the formula, the fly ash is configured into a mixture with suitable ingredients, after stirring evenly, add water, and use a disc-type ball forming machine to make a sphere of ￠5～￠20, that is, the raw meal ball 30, put it into the sintering furnace 10, and use The igniter 20 is ignited above the sintering furnace. After igniting for 5 minutes, the igniter 20 is removed, and the induced draft fan 70 draws air from top to bottom, so that the flame burns downward from the top of the furnace 1 until all the raw material balls 30 in the furnace are sintered. , become the finished product of fly ash ceramsite, then open the discharge disc valve 60, start the tower grate unloader 40 to discharge the finished product.

During the sintering process, the induced draft fan 70 discharges the combustion-supporting air through the wind box 50 from the induced draft fan outlet 71 (the induced draft fan outlet 71 is connected to the dust removal equipment (not shown)). , The raw pellets 30 are dried, preheated, burned, sintered, and cooled in sequence, and no other equipment is needed for drying, preheating, and cooling. These processes are all completed in the furnace. The core of the process is upper ignition, lower air induction, and static sintering, so it is well sealed, sintered evenly, and the yield of finished products is as high as 95%. The sintering process does not require fuel. After the dust is filtered, it is blocked in the furnace, so no dust is discharged. The characteristics of this process are energy saving (the combustion process does not require energy), environmental protection (no dust discharge), and a large amount of ash (the amount of fly ash is more than 90%). High yield (95%).

The specific structure of the fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7 .

Fig. 2 shows the structure of the furnace body. As shown in the figure, the furnace body 10 is cylindrical and placed substantially vertically. It includes an outer steel plate layer 11 and a lining refractory material layer 13. The outer steel plate layer 11 is on the end face perpendicular to the central axis. Extending upward, a sealing material 15 is accommodated on the upper end surface, and a connecting flange 17 is formed on the lower end surface. The sealing material 15 is used for sealing between the igniter 20 and the furnace body 10 , and the connecting flange 17 is used for connecting the bellows 50 . In one example, the outer steel plate layer is made of 6mm steel plate, the value of the outer diameter D2 can be between 1000-3000mm, preferably 1500mm; the value of the height H can be between 1000-3000mm, preferably 2000mm; the inner lining The value of the inner diameter D1 of the refractory material may be between 800-2800 mm, preferably 1300 mm.

The shape and structure of the furnace body described above are just examples, but are not limited thereto. Those of ordinary skill in the art can easily imagine that the shape of the furnace body can be conical, inverted conical, etc. shape or other shapes, the furnace body can be placed vertically or inclined. In addition, the furnace body can also be equipped with sensors to sense the temperature change in the furnace cavity, so as to know the degree of sintering progress and judge whether there is a fault.

FIG. 3 shows the lower body structure of the fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace, which includes: a grate discharger 40 , an air box 50 , a discharge disc valve 60 , and a bracket 90 . Wherein, tower grate discharger 40 is made up of grate plate 43, scraper plate 41, carriage 42, main shaft 47 and driving device 80, and driving device 80 comprises speed reducer 83,85 and motor 7. One end of the main shaft 47 is positioned on and supported on the bearing seat body 49, and it can rotate slowly under the drive of the driving device. In one example, the grate plate 43 is made of ZG35 cast steel or _A3 steel plate, with holes 47 uniformly distributed on the top with a width of 10 mm and a length of 100 mm, and equipped with square-pointed broken tooth holes 45 to hold the raw material balls and Ventilation, and can break block materials. The scraper, material reducing plate, bracket, and main shaft are made of 45# steel, the reducer is a cycloid reducer, and the motor is an ordinary motor. The characteristic of the tower grate discharger is that it can not only hold the material, but also break the block material.

Also as shown in Figure 3, the bellows is composed of a shell 52 and a liner 54, the liner 54 is arranged on the periphery of the scraper 41, which can effectively prevent the wear of the shell 52, the shell 52 is integrally welded, and forms a guide Tuyere 53. The bellows is characterized by a simple structure, which can not only ventilate, but also discharge materials. Because it is welded as a whole, the sealing effect is good. The lining plate is HT200 cast iron, which can be wear-resistant and increase the service life.

Figure 4 shows the discharge disc valve of the fly ash sintering furnace shown in Figure 1. As shown in the figure, the discharge disc valve is composed of a motor, a direct-coupled miniature cycloid reducer (WBE1280-WD) 63 Composed of a valve plate 61, the valve plate 61 is disc-shaped and set between the upper chute 55 and the lower chute 56, the valve plate 61 is opened with a material outlet 65 to discharge the material, and the valve plate is driven by the motor to slide up and down Sliding opening and closing between the tubes, the material block cannot be stuck on the valve plate, and the sealing performance is good.

Fig. 5 has shown mobile igniter 20, and mobile igniter is made up of mobile trolley 27, igniter body 21, heat-resistant fire grate 23 and hydraulic brake 25. The main features are: the mobile trolley 27 can walk on the track 22 to realize multi-furnace ignition, and the igniter body 21 is made of steel plate in a cylindrical shape and lined with refractory material. The heat-resistant furnace wall is a long square tube grate. The material is recrystallized silicon carbide, the _heat -resistant temperature _is above 1600°C, and it can run continuously for more than one year at the sintering temperature of 1600°C. Thickness S is preferably 6mm, hollow rectangle (as shown in Figure 6), this shape makes the furnace bar high in strength, light in weight, less in material consumption, and low in cost. The grate spacing is 40mm, which allows the flame to pass through the gap between the grate smoothly. The hydraulic brake 25 can make the igniter body 21 lift, so that the igniter body 21 is seated on the end face of the furnace body 10, and the end face of the furnace body 10 can be provided with a sealing material 15, so that the igniter and the sintering furnace are in contact without gaps. There is no air leakage, and the heat utilization rate is improved. In this example, the fuel piled on the grate is coke 200 .

It is easy to think that the use of coke as an igniter is only considering the cost factor of the production of fly ash ceramsite, and other means can also be used, for example, igniters using gas and oil.

FIG. 7 shows a mobile distributor 120 and a bidirectional feeder 130 . As shown in the figure, the two-way feeder 130 is composed of a mobile trolley 131 and a two-way conveyor belt 133. The two-way movement of the mobile trolley 131 and the two-way conveying of materials by the conveyor belt 133 can feed two or more mobile distributors 120. material, and because the mobile distributor 120 moves longitudinally and the two-way feeder moves laterally, the mobile distributor bin 122 can be filled with materials evenly.

Specifically, the two-way feeder is arranged downstream of the upstream raw meal ball supply device 110, and the mobile distributor 120 is arranged downstream of the two-way feeder, which consists of a mobile trolley 125, a silo 122, and hydraulic valves 121 and 123. The hydraulic valve includes a hydraulic cylinder 121 and a conical valve body 123. When the conical valve body 123 descends with the hydraulic cylinder 121, the fly ash raw material balls fall along the conical surface of the conical valve body 123, so that the furnace can be evenly covered. solid oven cavity without conical stacking. The characteristic of the mobile distributor is that the mobile trolley 125 runs above any sintering furnace 10, and the hydraulic valves 121 and 123 are opened to evenly cover the sintering furnace with the materials in the feed bin 122.

The above descriptions of the mobile igniter 20, the mobile distributor 120 and the bidirectional feeder 130 are only schematic. Drive, and on the rails 22, 129, etc., there are travel switches to locate the mobile igniter 20, the mobile distributor 120 and the bidirectional feeder 130.

Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are respectively a schematic side view and a schematic top view of the fly ash ceramsite sintering equipment 2 according to the utility model. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the fly ash ceramsite sintering equipment 2 includes two rows of furnaces, and each row includes a plurality of furnaces 10 shown in FIG. 1 . Above every row of furnaces, a track 22 is provided, an igniter 20 is provided at one end of the track, and a mobile distributor 120 is provided at the other end. The igniter 20 and the mobile distributor 120 can respectively finish distributing and distributing on a specific furnace body. ignition operation.

The bidirectional feeder 130 can selectively feed the mobile distributor 120 on each row of furnaces according to the operation of the mobile trolley 131 and the bidirectional transmission belt 133 . The outlet of the induced draft fan can be concentrated in a dust removal device.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace 3 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. It differs from FIG. 1 in that the induced draft fan 70 that generates negative pressure is located near the top of the furnace body, the ignition device 20 is located at the lower end of the furnace body, and the upper end of the furnace body is sealed by a cover 12 . The sintering process is as follows. The fly ash raw meal balls to be sintered are ignited from the lower end of the furnace body, and the raw meal balls are sintered from bottom to top. Since the lower layer of fly ash raw meal balls that bear the load is sintered first, it is the same as that shown in Figure 1. Compared with the embodiment, it also has the advantages of less deformation of the fly ash ceramsite and less agglomeration.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model may have various modifications, changes and omissions. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (21)

1. A fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace, comprising: The furnace body, which forms a furnace cavity for accommodating fly ash ceramsite, is characterized in that, A bellows, welded to the bottom of the furnace body, the bellows is provided with a discharge port and an air inlet; Air-inducing equipment, connected to the air-inducing port; and The tower grate unloader is rotatably supported at the bottom of the furnace chamber; Wherein, the fly ash raw meal balls are ignited at the top of the furnace cavity, and gradually self-sintered to the bottom of the furnace cavity. 2. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, the tower grate unloader comprises a support shaft and is fixed on a support shaft bracket, and a perforated bracket is fixed on the bracket. As for the grate plate, the bracket is further provided with at least one scraper plate extending downward, and the surface of the grate plate is provided with several protruding crushing teeth. 3. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1, wherein the tower grate unloader is driven by the rotary drive, and the rotary drive includes at least a motor and a cycloidal pinwheel reducer. 4. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, the side wall of the bellows is provided with a wear-resistant liner. 5 . The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the discharge port is connected to a discharge chute, and a valve is installed on the discharge chute. 6. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top of the furnace body is provided with a movable igniter. 7. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a movable distributor is provided on the top of the furnace body. 8. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the furnace body is placed substantially vertically. 9. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the furnace body is placed obliquely. 10. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, the furnace cavity of the furnace body is cylindrical. 11. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the furnace cavity is funnel-shaped. 12. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that, the diameter of the furnace cavity is 1000-3000 mm, and the height is 1000-3000 mm. 13. A fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace, comprising at least a furnace body, the furnace body comprising a furnace cavity, characterized in that: The furnace cavity includes a first port and a second port, the first port is provided with an air induction device, and the second port is an ignition port of the fly ash raw material ball; Wherein, the fly ash raw material balls in the furnace body self-combust from the second port to the first port. 14. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 13, wherein the second port is located at the top of the furnace chamber, and the first port is located at the bottom of the furnace chamber, wherein, A discharger is also provided in the first port. 15. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 13, wherein the first port is located at the top of the furnace chamber, and the second port is located at the bottom of the furnace chamber, wherein, An unloader is also provided in the second port. 16. The fly ash sintering furnace according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the unloader is a tower grate unloader rotatably supported at the bottom of the furnace chamber, and the grate unloader The conical tower grate of the unloader extends into the furnace cavity, and a distance is provided between the edge of the tower grate and the wall of the furnace cavity. 17. The fly ash sintering furnace according to claim 16, characterized in that the distance is 100-300 mm. 18. The fly ash sintering furnace according to claim 14, characterized in that, the second port is a distributing port of the fly ash raw material ball, and is provided with a movable ignition device. 19. The fly ash sintering furnace according to claim 15, characterized in that, the air induction device is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, and the first port is a distributing port of the fly ash raw pellets. 20. The fly ash ceramsite sintering furnace according to claim 16, wherein the grate unloader is driven by a driving device located at the bottom of the furnace body, and the driving device at least includes a motor and a pendulum Thread needle wheel reducer. 21. A sintering furnace for fly ash products, comprising at least a furnace body, the furnace body including a furnace chamber, characterized in that the furnace chamber at least includes a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is The ignition port of the fly ash product, the second end is an air exhaust port, wherein the fly ash product self-combusts from the first end of the furnace body to the second end of the furnace body.

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