CN201128758Y - Powder feed head with adjustable powder feed axis for laser cladding - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a powder feeding device with an adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding. The upper cylinder (8) is threadedly connected with the adjustment device; the upper cylinder (8), the lower cylinder (9) and the inner cone (22) are threaded to form a coaxial optical path channel (23); the inner cone (22) Be connected with outer cone (20) with screw (11) to form powder passage (21), evenly have four inclined powder inlets (10) on the inner cone (22) boss; Outer cone (20) and The sleeve (13) is welded to form a cooling water cavity (18), and the sleeve (13) is provided with a cooling water inlet (19) and a water outlet (12); the outer cone nozzle (17) and the shielding gas guide head ( 15) are all threaded on the outer cone (20) to form the shielding gas channel (16), the lower part of the outer cone (20) disc has an annular groove, and the side surface of the annular groove has a shielding gas inlet (14). The utility model is suitable for the fields of metal and non-metal laser cladding, damaged parts repair, surface alloying, parts laser rapid prototyping and the like.

Description

Powder feed head with adjustable powder feed axis for laser cladding

technical field

The utility model relates to a powder feeding head with an adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding, which belongs to a supporting device of laser processing equipment and can be used for metal and non-metal laser cladding, surface alloying, repair of damaged parts and laser rapid prototyping of parts. Powder delivery.

Background technique

With the development of laser processing technology, laser surface modification (laser phase transformation hardening, laser cladding, laser alloying, laser surface roughening), laser rapid prototyping, laser repair, laser welding and other technologies have gradually been widely recognized and applied. . These laser processing methods generally use gas powder feeding to feed powder, but the current commonly used powder feeding head has the following shortcomings: the coaxiality of the laser beam axis and the powder beam axis cannot be fine-tuned, so that the powder cannot be accurately fed into the laser molten pool , thereby reducing the utilization rate of the powder and adversely affecting the process; the existing coaxial powder feeding head mostly uses the horizontal direction to feed the powder into the powder feeding head, which is easy to produce powder accumulation at the entrance, resulting in uneven powder feeding; The connecting parts of the existing coaxial powder feeding head are connected by threads. Since there are many pipelines such as powder, gas, and water on the coaxial powder feeding head, all pipelines must be pulled out first when rotating and loading and unloading, which is inconvenient to use.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a powder feeding head with an adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding, which is suitable for laser cladding, repair of damaged parts, surface alloying and laser welding of metal parts Laser processing such as rapid prototyping that requires conveying metal powder.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: the powder feeding head with adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding is composed of a protection cylinder, an adjustment device and a coaxial optical path channel, a powder channel, a protective gas channel and The cooling water cavity consists of an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, an inner cone, an outer cone, a sleeve, an outer cone nozzle and a protective gas guide head. The upper cylinder and the adjustment device are connected by threads; the upper cylinder, the lower cylinder and the inner cone are threaded to form a coaxial optical path channel; the inner cone and the outer cone are connected by screws to form a powder channel; the outer cone and the The sleeve is welded to form the cooling water cavity; the outer cone nozzle and the shielding gas guide head are threadedly connected to the outer cone to form a shielding gas channel; four inclined holes are evenly opened on the boss of the inner cone as the entrance of the powder channel. There are two holes on the sleeve as the cooling water inlet and outlet; the lower part of the outer cone disc is provided with an annular groove, and the side surface of the annular groove is provided with a protective gas inlet.

The adjustment device is composed of an upper cylinder connection flange and an adjustment cap; the upper cylinder connection flange is in the cavity formed by the connection flange of the protection cylinder and the adjustment cap screw connection; there are four evenly distributed on the connection flange of the protection cylinder. Screws; there are four vertical adjustment screws and horizontal adjustment screws evenly distributed on the top and side of the adjustment cap.

The outside of said outer cone is in the shape of an inverted frustum, and the bottom is disc-shaped; the taper of the upper inner surface of the outer cone is α=50°～90°, and the taper angle of the bottom is β=25°～50°; the outer cone There is an annular groove on the disc at the lower part of the barrel, and the annular groove is threadedly connected with the outer cone nozzle and the protective gas guide head; the cavity formed by welding the outer cone and the sleeve is used for cooling water, and the cavity is close to the lower part with strong laser reflection , can cool the outer cone nozzle and the shielding gas guide head at the same time.

The upper part of the inner cone is a flange-shaped cylinder with a boss, and the lower part is a cone; the upper boss of the inner cone has four evenly distributed powder inlets; the lower end is guided by the nozzle of the outer cone and the protective gas. Above the head, it is beneficial to concentrate the powder to the laser melting pool and avoid being burned by the reflected laser.

Said upper cylinder can be replaced, and for focusing lenses with different focal lengths, only the upper cylinder of corresponding length needs to be replaced.

The outer cone nozzle and protective gas guide head are detachable from the outer cone, and can be replaced after burning to avoid the overall replacement of the cone

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the adjustment device for adjusting the position of the powder beam axis of the utility model can make the powder beam axis coincide with the laser beam axis, so that the powder can be accurately sent into the laser melting pool, and the effective utilization rate of the powder is improved. The stability of the process is guaranteed; the upper cylinder of the coaxial powder feeding head can be replaced, and the corresponding upper cylinder only needs to be replaced for focusing lenses with different focal lengths. The outer cone nozzle of the coaxial powder feeding head and the protective gas guide head can also be replaced after burning out to avoid the overall replacement of the cone; the cooling water cavity is close to the lower part of the laser reflection, which can cool the outer cone nozzle and the laser at the same time Protect the gas guide head to ensure the effective cooling of the key components of the coaxial powder feeding head, so that it can work stably for a long time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural sectional view of a powder feeding head with an adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding.

In Figure 1, 1. Protective cylinder, 2. Protective cylinder connecting flange, 3. Adjusting cap, 4. Horizontal adjusting screw, 5. Vertical adjusting screw, 6. Upper cylinder connecting flange, 7. Screw, 8. Upper cylinder, 9. Lower cylinder, 10. Inclined hole, 11. Screw, 12. Water outlet, 13. Sleeve, 14. Shielding gas inlet, 15. Shielding gas guide head, 16. Shielding gas channel, 17. Outer cone nozzle, 18. Cooling water cavity, 19. Water inlet, 20. Outer cone, 21. Powder channel, 22. Inner cone, 23. Optical path channel.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 is an embodiment disclosed by the present invention. The powder feeding head with adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding is composed of three parts: a protective cylinder, an adjustment device, and a coaxial powder feeding head.

The adjustment device is composed of the connecting flange 2 of the protective cylinder, four screws 7 that press the connecting flange of the upper cylinder, the adjusting cap 3, four vertical adjusting screws 5, four horizontal adjusting screws 4, and the connecting flange 6 of the upper cylinder. composition. The protective tube 1 is connected to the connecting flange 2 of the protective tube by threads, the adjustment cap 3 is connected to the connecting flange 2 of the protective tube by threads, and the connecting flange 6 of the upper cylinder is connected to the upper cylinder 8 by threads. When in use, adjust the four horizontal adjustment screws 4 to move the upper cylinder connecting flange 8 in the horizontal direction; adjust the four vertical adjustment screws 5 to make the upper cylinder connecting flange 6 and the upper cylinder 8 together Change the angle; finally realize that the powder beam axis is coaxial with the laser beam axis.

The coaxial powder feeding head is composed of an upper cylinder body 8, a lower cylinder body 9, a sleeve 13, a protective gas guide head 15, an outer cone nozzle 17, an outer cone cylinder 20, and an inner cone cylinder 22. The upper cylinder body 8 , the lower cylinder body 9 and the inner cone cylinder 22 jointly constitute an optical path channel 23 . The inner cone 22 and the outer cone 20 form a powder channel 21 . The outer cone 20 and the sleeve 13 form a cooling water cavity 18 . The outer cone nozzle 17 and the shielding gas guide head 15 form a shielding gas channel 16 . Four inclined holes 10 are uniformly opened on the boss of the inner cone 22 as the powder inlet of the powder channel 21; the sleeve 15 is provided with a cooling water inlet 19 and a water outlet 12; the outer cone 20 is provided with an annular groove As a cavity for the shielding gas, there is a shielding gas inlet 14 communicating with the annular groove. The upper cylinder 8 is connected to the flange 6 of the upper cylinder by threads, the lower cylinder 9 is connected to the upper cylinder 8 by threads, the inner cone 22 is connected to the lower cylinder 9 by threads, and the outer cone 20 and the inner cone 22 Connected by screws 11, the sleeve 13 is welded with the outer cone 20 to form a cooling water chamber, and the outer cone nozzle 17 and the shielding gas guide head 15 are both threaded with the outer cone 20 . The optical path channel 23, the powder channel 21, and the protective gas channel 16 are on one axis.

The adjusting device for adjusting the axial position of the powder beam can move the position of the connecting flange of the upper cylinder in the horizontal direction by adjusting the four horizontal adjusting screws 4; the connecting flange of the upper cylinder can be moved in the horizontal direction by adjusting the four vertical adjusting screws 5. The upper cylinder changes the angle together; finally, the axis of the powder beam is coaxial with the axis of the laser beam, so that the powder can be accurately fed into the laser melting pool.

The coaxial powder feeding head adopts four powder inlets parallel to the powder feeding channel to avoid powder accumulation at the inlet. The inner wall of the outer cone 20 has an angle change, and the cross-section of the upper channel near the powder inlet is larger than that of the lower channel, so that the powder has sufficient dispersion space after entering the powder feeding channel, ensuring the continuity and uniformity of powder feeding.

The upper cylinder body 8 of the coaxial powder feeding head can be replaced, and the corresponding upper cylinder body 8 only needs to be replaced for focusing lenses with different focal lengths.

The outer cone nozzle 17 and the protective gas guide head 15 of the coaxial powder feeding head can be replaced after being burned out, so as to avoid the overall replacement of the cone.

The inner wall of the outer cone 20 of the coaxial powder feeding head has an upper taper of 66° and a lower taper of 35°. The cross section of the channel near the powder inlet is larger than that of the lower channel, so that there is sufficient space for the powder to disperse after entering the powder feeding channel.

The cooling water cavity 18 is close to the lower part with strong laser reflection, which can cool the outer cone nozzle 17 and the protective gas guide head 15 at the same time, ensuring effective cooling of the key components of the coaxial powder feeding head.

Claims (5)

1. A powder feeding head with an adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding, which consists of a protective cylinder (1), an adjustment device and a coaxial powder feeding head. connection; the upper cylinder (8), the lower cylinder (9) and the inner cone (22) are threadedly connected to form a coaxial optical path channel (23); the inner cone (22) and the outer cone (20) are screwed (11 ) are connected to form a powder channel (21), and four inclined powder inlets (10) are evenly opened on the boss of the inner cone (22); the outer cone (20) and the sleeve (13) are welded to form a cooling water cavity (18), the sleeve (13) has a cooling water inlet (19) and a water outlet (12); the outer cone nozzle (17) and the shielding gas guide head (15) are all threaded on the outer cone (20 ) to form a protective gas channel (16), the outer cone (20) disc bottom has an annular groove, and the side surface of the annular groove has a protective gas inlet (14). 2. The powder feeding head with adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting flange (6) of the upper cylinder of the adjustment device is placed between the connecting flange (2) and the connecting flange of the protective cylinder The adjustment cap (3) is threaded to form a cavity, the protective tube connecting flange (2) is equipped with four screws (7) evenly distributed, and the upper surface and side of the adjustment cap (3) are respectively equipped with four screws (7) evenly distributed. Vertical adjustment screw (5) and horizontal adjustment screw (4). 3. The powder feeding head with adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer cone (20) is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, the lower part is a disc, and the outer cone (20) ) the taper on the top of the inner surface is α=50°～90°, and the taper angle on the bottom is β=25°～50°; The gas guide head (15) is threaded. 4. The powder feeding head with adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the position of the lower end of the inner cone (22) is between the outer cone nozzle (17) and the shielding gas guide head (15) ) above. 5. The powder feeding head with adjustable powder feeding axis for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper cylinder (8) can be replaced, the outer cone nozzle (17) and the shielding gas guide head (15 ) and the outer cone (20) are detachable.

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