CN201110544Y - Micro oil ignition rich and thin burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a thick and thin burner with micro-oil ignition, which comprises a pulverized coal ignition chamber, a replaceable anti-wear ring is arranged at the front end of the pulverized coal ignition chamber, and a concentration ring is designed at the front of the anti-wear ring; the middle part of the pulverized coal ignition chamber is connected with an oil burning The pulverized coal ignition chamber is connected to the pulverized coal combustion chamber; the pulverized coal combustion chamber is connected to the burner nozzle, and the burner nozzle is designed with a single side to swing the concentration plate and the temperature measuring device, and the periphery of the burner nozzle is designed with unequal peripheral wind. The burner can be used as a micro-oil ignition burner to save fuel, realize thick and thin combustion, and has the functions of low NOx combustion, anti-coking and stable combustion.

Description

Micro oil ignition rich and thin burner

technical field

The utility model relates to a micro-oil ignition burner, in particular to a micro-oil ignition burner for a pulverized-coal boiler to realize thick and light combustion of pulverized coal.

Background technique

my country is a country rich in coal, low in gas, and oil-poor. Coal is the basic energy of our country, and its price is relatively low, while the price of oil and natural gas continues to rise. With the rapid development of my country's economy, the task of saving oil resources is becoming increasingly urgent.

Pulverized coal boilers in power plants consume a lot of fuel oil for raising the furnace and stabilizing combustion at low loads, especially low-quality coal boilers with low volatile content. In my country, about 20 million tons of oil are used for cold furnace raising and low-load stable combustion of pulverized coal boilers each year, and the cost of fuel oil is about 10 billion yuan.

Aiming at the characteristics of high fuel consumption of pulverized coal boilers in power stations, plasma oil-free ignition technology and micro-oil ignition pulverized coal combustion technology have been successfully developed in China. But these two technologies all have the following defects: 1. When the burner is used as the main burner, there are no combustion stabilization measures (such as thick-lean combustion, etc.), the combustion effect is not good, and the fuel stability is poor at low loads. 2. The combustion effect of the burner is greatly affected by the volatile content of coal. For coal with low volatile content, plasma ignition technology cannot be applied (the power is too small, and high power has not been developed), and the effect of micro-oil ignition technology is not ideal. (Mainly manifested in the low combustion rate of pulverized coal and serious black smoke from the boiler). 3. The internal wear of the burner is serious. Plasma ignition pulverized coal burners and micro-oil ignition pulverized coal burners are designed in stages in order to achieve fuel-saving effects. The combustion chamber is arranged in the air duct, and the combustion chamber is washed by the wind powder flow, which causes a lot of wear and tear. Usually, the service life is only 1 Years or so, while the power plant overhaul plan time is 4 years. 4. The nozzle of the burner and the main body cannot be separated. To replace the nozzle of the burner, the entire burner must be replaced together, which is expensive and requires a lot of work.

Utility model content

The first technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a kind of light-oil ignition rich-thin burner which can save a lot of fuel. For this reason, the utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows: it includes a pulverized coal fire chamber, the middle part of the pulverized coal fire chamber is connected to an oil burner, a micro-oil gun, an igniter and a fire detector are installed in the oil burner, and a combustion-supporting wind is arranged at the oil burner inlet. Tube; the pulverized coal ignition chamber is connected to the pulverized coal combustion chamber; the pulverized coal combustion chamber is connected to the burner nozzle, and a swingable enrichment plate is arranged on one side of the burner nozzle, and the concentration plate rotates around the rotating shaft, and the concentration plate is connected to the actuator through a connecting rod There is an installation base on the burner nozzle, and a temperature sensor is installed on the installation base; a perimeter air box with unequal sides is also designed around the burner nozzle, and an air inlet pipe is installed at the front end of the perimeter air box, and an adjustment device is installed on the air inlet pipe. Damper, the burner is also provided with a control box, the control box controls the rotation angle of the enrichment plate and adjusts the opening of the damper.

The utility model uses a small amount of oil to ignite a small amount of pulverized coal first, and then ignites a large amount of pulverized coal through the heat of pulverized coal combustion, so as to achieve the purpose of burning coal instead of oil and saving a large amount of fuel; Utilize the unequal peripheral wind technology to realize the horizontal thick-lean combustion of pulverized coal, prevent coking and high-temperature corrosion in the burner area, and improve the stable combustion performance of the burner without oil input at low load. As a further technical solution, the utility model can be provided with a replaceable anti-wear ring in front of the pulverized coal fire chamber to prevent the wear of the combustion chamber and prolong the service life of the burner; Strengthen the combustion of ignited coal powder, increase the rate of pulverized coal combustion, and prevent black smoke from the boiler; the burner nozzle and the main body are connected by bolts, and the burner nozzle can be replaced separately, saving costs, shortening the working cycle, and reducing labor intensity.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are mainly manifested in: 1. When the burner is used as an ignition burner, a large amount of pulverized coal (2-9t/h) can be ignited by burning a small amount of oil (20-50kg/h), which can replace The large oil gun (2-10t/h) provides energy for the boiler to increase the temperature and pressure, and the fuel saving rate is over 95%. Pulverized coal is separated horizontally to achieve thick and thin combustion in the burner, which can enhance the combustion effect, prevent coking and high-temperature corrosion of the water wall in the burner area, and enhance the rigidity of the airflow (compared with the original burner outlet area is reduced, and the wind speed is increased); 2. Coal powder The combustion chamber is designed as a heat storage and heat preservation combustion chamber with a certain space, which provides a stable combustion space for the combustion of the pulverized coal airflow, effectively enhances the pulverized coal combustion effect, and improves the pulverized coal combustion rate; 3. The front end of the pulverized coal combustion chamber is set The anti-wear ring can be replaced independently. The anti-wear ring is made of high-strength alloy material and has a strong anti-wear effect. It has been used normally for more than 2 years. The anti-wear ring can also be replaced when the boiler is running normally to meet the design requirements. After the service life is over, only the wear-resistant ring needs to be replaced instead of the burner, which saves a lot of cost, reduces labor intensity, and reduces the number of boiler shutdowns; 4. The burner nozzle and the main body are connected by bolts, and the burner nozzle can be replaced separately, saving Burner maintenance cost, reduce labor intensity; 5. The control system can automatically adjust the rotation angle of the concentration plate and the pulverized coal concentration ratio at the burner outlet according to the temperature signal fed back by the burner nozzle temperature measuring device; The opening of the damper on the perimeter air duct can be adjusted to adjust the size of the perimeter air volume to ensure that the burner nozzle is not coked, deformed and burned.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the nozzle of the micro-oil ignition rich-lean burner of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a functional schematic diagram of the concentration plate of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the burners in the furnace and the combustion mode in the furnace of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.

The micro-oil ignition thick-lean burner shown in Figure 1 includes a pulverized coal ignition chamber 7, a replaceable wear ring 5 is arranged at the front end of the pulverized coal ignition chamber 7, and a concentration ring 3 is arranged at the front of the wear ring 5; the pulverized coal ignition chamber 7 The middle part is connected with an oil burner 16, and a micro-oil gun 13, an igniter 12 and a fire detector 14 are installed in the oil burner 16, and a combustion-supporting air duct 15 is arranged at the entrance of the oil burner 16; the pulverized coal fire chamber 7 is connected with a pulverized coal combustion chamber 8; The pulverized coal combustion chamber 8 is connected to the burner nozzle 20. The burner nozzle 20 is provided with a swingable enrichment plate 10 on one side. The concentration plate 10 rotates around the rotating shaft 9. The concentration plate 10 is connected to the actuator 2 through the connecting rod 6; A mounting base 11 is designed on the 20, and a temperature measuring sensor 4 is installed on the mounting base 11. The sensor can adopt an armored thermocouple; The front end is provided with an air inlet pipe 18, on which the damper 17 is installed; the whole burner is also provided with a control box 1, through the signal fed back by the temperature sensor 4, the rotation angle of the concentration plate 10 and the opening of the damper 17 are controlled.

Figure 2 shows the nozzle of the micro-oil ignition thick-lean burner. The boundary of the enrichment plate 10 is designed as a zigzag shape to avoid the formation of a large negative pressure area on the back of the enrichment plate and deposit coal powder. The adjustable angle of the concentration plate 10 is preferably 0-30 degrees.

The cross-sectional area of the pulverized coal ignition chamber 7 is 20-40% of the burner inlet area, and the length is 10-15% of the entire burner. The sectional area of the pulverized coal combustion chamber 8 is 1.2-2.5 times of the sectional area of the pulverized coal ignition chamber 7, and the length accounts for 50-80% of the entire burner. Adoption of the above arrangement can further improve the combustion efficiency.

In this embodiment, the pulverized coal combustion chamber 8 is provided with a heat storage and heat preservation mechanism for the pulverized coal combustion chamber, and the heat storage and heat preservation mechanism may be an insulation layer made of heat preservation materials outside the pulverized coal combustion chamber.

Figure 3 shows the enrichment principle of the enrichment plate 10. When the side wind powder flow of the enrichment plate 10 hits the enrichment plate 10, the pulverized coal particles rebound at a certain angle, and most of the coal powder enters the area opposite to the enrichment plate 10, so that the burner nozzle 20 The pulverized coal concentration on one side of the outlet is high, and the pulverized coal concentration on the other side is low. The ratio of the pulverized coal concentration on both sides of the burner nozzle 20 can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the concentration plate 10 .

Figure 4 shows the layout of the micro-oil ignition thick-lean burner in the furnace. According to the rotation direction of the airflow in the furnace, the side with the high concentration of pulverized coal at the burner nozzle 20 is arranged on the fire-facing surface, that is, the upstream of the flame. The high concentration is convenient. The pulverized coal airflow quickly ignites and burns, forming a stable ignition source, stably igniting the pulverized coal airflow on the light side, and maintaining the combustion stability of the pulverized coal airflow at the outlet of the entire burner.

When the utility model is igniting the boiler, first start the igniter 12 arranged in the oil burner 16, ignite the fuel oil sprayed by the fuel gun 13, and stop the igniter 12 after the flame detector 14 detects the oil burning flame, and the oil combustion air duct 15. Send enough oxygen to promote the full combustion of the oil, and the flame after oil combustion enters the pulverized coal ignition chamber 7; The ignited pulverized coal airflow is fully combusted in the combustion chamber 8, and the burned flame is sprayed into the furnace through the burner nozzle 20. According to the temperature fed back by the temperature sensor 4 installed on the burner nozzle 20, the opening of the perimeter air duct is controlled to adjust the damper. degree, keep the burner nozzle 20 within a certain temperature range. This process is a micro-oil ignition process in a cold furnace. At this time, the burner does not need thick-lean combustion, and the concentration plate 10 arranged inside the burner nozzle 20 is flush with the inside of the burner nozzle 20 .

The utility model controls the actuator 2 to rotate the enrichment plate 10 around the rotating shaft 9 by a certain angle through the program set by the controller 1 when the boiler is deoiled and the load is low, so that the burner nozzle 20 forms thick and thin combustion. According to the real-time temperature data fed back by the temperature measuring device 4, the controller 1 constantly adjusts the angle of the enrichment plate 10 through the actuator 2 to keep the temperature of the burner nozzle within the designed temperature range, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the burner.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of tiny-oil ignition shade burner, it is characterized in that it comprises coal powder ignition chamber (7), middle part, coal powder ignition chamber (7) connects oil burner (16), little oil gun (13), igniter (12) and fire inspection (14) are installed in the oil burner (16), and oil burner (16) import is provided with combustion-supporting airduct (15); Connect pulverized coal combustor (8) behind the coal powder ignition chamber (7); Connect burner nozzle (20) behind the pulverized coal combustor (8), the concentrated plate (10) that the monolateral setting of burner nozzle (20) can be swung concentrates plate (10) around rotating shaft (9) rotation, concentrates plate (10) and is connected with actuator (2) by connecting rod (6); Burner nozzle (20) is provided with mounting base (11), and mounting base (11) is gone up temperature transducer (4) is installed; The peripheral circumference bellows (19) that also design the inequilateral layout of burner nozzle (20), circumference bellows (19) front end is provided with blast pipe (18), blast pipe (18) is gone up damper (17) is installed, described burner also is provided with control cabinet (1), and control cabinet (1) control concentrates the aperture of plate (10) rotational angle and damper (17).

2, a kind of tiny-oil ignition shade burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described concentrated plate (10) border is a zigzag.

3, a kind of tiny-oil ignition shade burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the adjustable angle that concentrates plate (10) is the 0-30 degree.

4, a kind of tiny-oil ignition shade burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described coal powder ignition chamber (7) sectional area be the 20-40% of combustor inlet area, length is the 10-15% of whole burner.

5, a kind of tiny-oil ignition shade burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pulverized coal combustor (8) sectional area is 1.2-2.5 a times of coal powder ignition chamber (7) sectional area, and length accounts for the 50-80% of whole burner.

6, a kind of tiny-oil ignition shade burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: coal powder ignition chamber (7) front end is provided with replaceable anti-grinding ring (5).

7, a kind of tiny-oil ignition shade burner according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the coal powder ignition chamber (7) of anti-grinding ring 5 front portions is provided with and concentrates ring (3).

8, a kind of tiny-oil ignition shade burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the outer heat storing and heat preserving mechanism that is provided with pulverized coal combustor of pulverized coal combustor (8).

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