CN201077829Y - Coke drum bottom feeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bottom feeder used for a coking tower of delayed-coking unit in the petrochemical industry, which is characterized in that the utility model comprises a feeder upper flange, a feeder spool, a feeder lower flange and a feed pipe, a flexural guide duct, which coincides with the central axis of the feed pipe, is arranged at the rear part of the feed pipe. Both the flexural guide duct and the feed pipe are in movable butt-jointed structure and the central axis of the outlet of the flexural guide duct coincides with the central axis of the coke tower; at the same time, the bottom of the feeder is provided with an arched cover with a flange, which can realize automatic disassembly. Because the flexural guide duct is added inside the feed pipe and the outlet center of the guide duct coincides with the center of the coke tower, the material can be fed uniformly, the uniform heating of the coke tower can be guaranteed and the coke tower can be operated reliably; at the same time, the arched cover with a flange at the bottom of the feeder can realize automatic disassembly, which guarantees automatic decoking at the bottom of the coke tower, the energy saving and discharge reduction are advanced and the processing ability of the device can be improved.

Description

Coke drum bottom feeder

technical field

The utility model belongs to a main equipment coke tower in a delayed coking device in the petrochemical industry, in particular to a bottom feeder for the coke tower of a delayed coking device.

Background technique

The coke tower is an important equipment for the secondary processing delayed coking unit in the refinery. The vacuum residue is heated to 500°C by a heating furnace, and enters the coke tower for cracking and condensation reactions. The oil and gas generated in the coke tower pass through the oil and gas pipeline from the top to the fractionation tower. After the coke left in the coke tower is rapidly cooled to below 100°C by steam and water, the clean water is drained from the bottom and then cut with high-pressure water at the coke discharge port. Hot vacuum residue from the furnace. This is a repeating cycle process. Most of the domestic coke towers are 24 hours coke generation, 24 hours coke removal, 48 hours a cycle; while foreign coke towers are mostly 18 hours coke generation, 36 hours a cycle, and some coke generation time is longer. short. At present, the feed structure of the coke tower of the domestic delayed coking unit is the bottom axial center feed. This structure is connected with the bottom cover of the coke outlet by flanges, studs and nuts. Disassembly and assembly of the flange cover joints is generally done manually with a pneumatic wrench. The working environment is harsh, the labor intensity is high, and there are unsafe factors. In addition, due to the periodic temperature changes of the coke tower, the temperature is different when installing the cover, removing the cover and removing the flange of the feed pipe, which sometimes causes difficulties in removing the stud. When the bottom of the tower is manually disassembled with a pneumatic wrench, hot water (80-100°C domestically, 100-120°C abroad) is often sprayed out, which scalds the operator, and produces projectile coke when the coking raw material deteriorates or is improperly operated. , coke landslides are even more unsafe for operators. And the feed pipe needs to be disassembled once in 48 hours after a cycle.

With the enlargement of the delayed coking unit and the improvement of the automation level, it is required to adopt the automatic opening and closing technology of the flange cover to replace the current manual disassembly of the flange connection. The automatic opening and closing mechanism for decoking at the bottom of the coke tower requires side feeding at the bottom of the coke tower; if the old-fashioned axial center feeding pipe is still used, the connecting flange between the feeding port of the automatic opening and closing mechanism and the feeding pipeline needs to be disassembled manually , Can not realize the automation of opening and closing mechanism. Therefore, designing a coke tower bottom feeder that matches the coke tower bottom automatic opening and closing mechanism is the key to designing the coke tower bottom automatic opening and closing mechanism.

The prior art related to the utility model after retrieval also includes: CN1676574A, CN2155373Y, US5350503A and US5223152A etc., but the structure and the shape of the coke drum bottom feeder involved in these patents are all substantially different from the present invention.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to design a coke tower bottom feeder matching with the coke tower bottom automatic opening and closing mechanism, to create conditions for the automatic opening and closing technology of the flange cover to replace the current manual disassembly of the flange connection . It enables workers to control the loading and unloading of the bottom cover away from the harsh environment, thereby reducing the health hazards of sulfur-containing gases to operators and ensuring the safety of operators; at the same time, it can improve the automation level of the delayed coking unit and shorten the coking tower coking cycle. To create conditions for the future potential tapping and transformation of the device and the improvement of economic benefits

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: the feeder at the bottom of the coke tower of the delayed coking unit is mainly used for flange connection, and its characteristic is that it includes the upper flange of the feeder, the short feeder joint, the lower flange of the feeder and the feed pipe, and a curved guide pipe with the same diameter and coincident with the central axis is added to the rear of the feed pipe. The two are mobile docking structures, and The central axis of the outlet of the curved draft pipe coincides with the central axis of the coke drum.

The feed pipe is composed of a feeder connecting flange and a feeder connecting pipe, both of which are integrated, and a certain gap is left between the feeding pipe and the curved draft pipe to absorb heat displacement. Welding connection structures are adopted between the curved guide pipe and the central pipe, and between the central pipe and the arched cover with a flange at the bottom. Welding connection structure is adopted between feeder pup joint and feeder upper flange and feeder lower flange; bolts, nuts and gaskets are used between feeder upper flange and coke tower cone lower flange The connection structure makes the bottom feeder of the coke tower detachable, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement. The lower flange of the bottom feeder of the coke drum and the fixed structure composed of a curved guide pipe, a central pipe and an arched cover with a flange at the bottom are connected by hydraulic bolts.

This hydraulic bolt connection structure makes the arched cover with flange at the bottom detachable without dismantling the flange of the feeder and the feed pipe, thus making it possible to unload the cover automatically.

Due to the adoption of the above structure, the utility model coke tower bottom feeder has the following advantages:

First, since the feed pipe does not need to be disassembled, the arched cover with flange can be disassembled automatically, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers and saves the decoking time.

Second, the research and development of the feeder at the bottom of the coke tower creates conditions for realizing the automation of decoking at the bottom of the coke tower.

The third is to adapt to the large-scale delayed coking unit, the long-term operation cycle of the unit, energy saving and consumption reduction, shortening the coke production time and improving the processing capacity of the unit. The coke tower of the existing delayed coking unit can be used, and the application prospect is broad.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the feeder at the bottom of the coke tower of the utility model

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the horizontal side single-tube feeding of the bottom feeder of the utility model coke tower

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of horizontal and lateral double-pipe feeding of the bottom feeder of the utility model coke tower

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the obliquely upward feeding of the bottom feeder of the coke tower of the present invention

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the tangential feeding of the horizontal loop pipe of the bottom feeder of the coke tower of the present invention

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, this feeder, which is mainly used for the bottom feeder of the coke tower of the delayed coking unit, is connected by a flange. Flange 3 and feed pipe 4, and at the rear of the feed pipe 4, a curved guide pipe 7 with the same diameter and coincident with the central axis is added. The two are mobile docking structures, and the curved The central axis of the outlet of the draft pipe 7 coincides with the central axis of the coke drum 11 .

The feed pipe 4 is composed of a feeder connecting flange 5 and a feeder connecting pipe 6, the two are integrally structured, and a certain gap is left between the feeding pipe 4 and the curved guide pipe 7 to absorb thermal displacement. Welding connection structures are adopted between the curved guide pipe 7 and the central pipe 8, and between the central pipe 8 and the arched cover 9 with a flange at the bottom. Welding connection structure is adopted between the feeder pup joint 2 and the feeder upper flange 1 and the feeder lower flange 3; bolts are used between the feeder upper flange 1 and the lower flange 10 of the coke tower cone , Nut, gasket connection structure. The lower flange 3 of the bottom feeder of the coke tower and the fixed structure composed of a curved guide pipe 7, a center pipe 8 and an arched cover 9 with a flange at the bottom adopt a hydraulic bolt connection structure of the prior art.

There are four structural types of the feeder at the bottom of the coke tower according to the different feeding structure types: horizontal and lateral single-pipe feeding structure; horizontal and lateral double-pipe feeding structure; obliquely upward feeding structure; horizontal Loop tangential feed structure.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the horizontal lateral single-pipe feeding structure includes a feeder connecting flange 5 , a feeder connecting pipe 6 and a curved guide pipe 7 with one-way horizontal and lateral entry.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the horizontal lateral double-pipe feeding structure includes feeder adapter flanges 5 , feeder adapters 6 , and curved guide pipes 7 that enter horizontally and laterally in two directions.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the obliquely upward feeding structure includes a feeder adapter flange 5 , a feeder adapter 6 , and a curved guide pipe 7 that enter obliquely upward.

As shown in Fig. 5, the described horizontal annular pipe tangential feeding structure comprises a horizontal annular pipe 12 which surrounds the feeder nipple (2) and enters tangentially, a feeder connecting flange 5, a feeder connecting pipe 6 and Curved guide tube 7.

This structure makes it unnecessary to disassemble the feeder connection flange 5 and the feeder connection 6; at the same time, the arched cover 9 with the flange at the bottom is detachable, so that automatic cover removal becomes possible. Since the lower flange 3 of the bottom feeder of the coke tower is connected with the fixed structure composed of the curved guide pipe 7, the central pipe 8 and the arched cover 9 with flanges at the bottom, it is connected with hydraulic bolts, and then adopts The existing matching hydraulic station and mobile hydraulic drive device can fasten and open the hydraulic bolts, so as to realize the automatic opening and closing of the bottom feeder of the coke tower. At the same time, since the upper flange 1 of the bottom feeder of the coke tower is connected with the lower flange 10 of the cone of the coke tower with bolts, nuts and gaskets, the feeder at the bottom of the coke tower can also be disassembled for easy maintenance and replacement.

The structure of the feeder at the bottom of the coke tower, because the curved guide pipe 7 added inside is welded to the center pipe 8, the feed oil is finally fed upwards from the center pipe 8, so that the axial center of the bottom of the coke tower is finally realized. Feed. At the same time, this structure forms a central cold coke channel, which meets the requirements of the production process; moreover, the feeding form can ensure that the coke tower 11 is heated evenly, reducing equipment deformation, avoiding the washing of the tower body, and reducing vibration, so that The reliability of the operation of the coke drum 11 is enhanced.

Claims (10)

1. A feeder at the bottom of the coke tower of a delayed coking unit, which is connected by a flange, is characterized in that it includes a feeder upper flange (1), a feeder nipple (2), a feeder lower flange ( 3) and the feed pipe (4), and a curved guide pipe (7) with the same diameter and coincident with the central axis is added at the rear of the feed pipe (4), both of which are movable Butt joint structure, and the central axis of the outlet of the curved guide pipe (7) coincides with the central axis of the coke drum (11). 2. coke tower bottom feeder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described feed pipe (4) is made up of feeder adapter flange (5) and feeder adapter (6), two It is an integrated structure, and there is a certain gap between the feed pipe (4) and the curved guide pipe (7). 3. The coke tower bottom feeder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that between the curved guide pipe (7) and the center pipe (8), the center pipe (8) and the arched cover with flange at the bottom (9) All adopt welding connection structure. 4. The feeder at the bottom of the coke tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the nipple (2) of the feeder and the upper flange (1) of the feeder and the lower flange (3) of the feeder adopt Welded connection structure; bolts, nuts and gaskets are used between the upper flange (1) of the feeder and the lower flange (10) of the coke tower cone. 5. The coke tower bottom feeder as claimed in claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that the lower flange (3) of the coke tower bottom feeder is connected with a curved guide pipe (7), center pipe (8) ) and the fixed structure formed by the arched cover (9) with a flange at the bottom adopts a hydraulic bolt connection structure. 6. The feeder at the bottom of the coke tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that its structure includes: a horizontal side single-pipe feeding structure; a horizontal side double-pipe feeding structure; an inclined upper side feeding structure; a horizontal Loop tangential feed structure. 7. coke tower bottom feeder as claimed in claim 1 or 6 is characterized in that described horizontal side single-pipe feeding structure comprises the feeder adapter flange (5) that one-way horizontal side enters and The feeder takes over (6) and the curved draft pipe (7). 8. coke drum bottom feeder as claimed in claim 1 or 6 is characterized in that described horizontal side double-pipe feeding structure comprises the feeder adapter flange (5 that the horizontal side of two directions enters ) and feeder adapter (6) and curved draft tube (7). 9. The coke drum bottom feeder as claimed in claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the obliquely upper side feed structure includes a feeder connecting flange (5) and a feeder connecting pipe that enters obliquely upwardly (6) and curved duct (7). 10. The feeder at the bottom of the coke tower as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that said horizontal annular pipe tangential feeding structure comprises a horizontal annular pipe (12) entering tangentially and a feeder adapter flange (5 ), the feeder adapter (6) and the curved draft tube (7).

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