CN201030443Y - Two-stage clamping drill chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a chuck, which is mounted on a transmission shaft driven by a power source. The chuck includes a body, a plurality of clamping claws, a rear cover, an outer cover, which is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the body and located in front of the rear cover; and a transmission nut. It is characterized in that it also includes: a driving pendulum support sleeve, which is located between the outer cover and the transmission nut, connected to the outer cover, and sleeved on the body; a driving pendulum, which is mounted on the driving pendulum support sleeve and swings around its pivot axis between a first position and a second position, and has a first and a second driving part. When in the first position, the transmission nut is driven along a first transmission path through the first driving part, and when in the second position, the transmission nut is driven along a second transmission path with a greater clamping force than the first transmission path through the second driving part. The utility model can provide a greater clamping force, and has a simple structure and convenient control.

Description

Two-stage clamping drill chuck

technical field

The utility model relates to a chuck, in particular to a two-stage clamping drill chuck which has first and second transmission paths and can clamp tools in a two-stage clamping manner.

Background technique

Existing rotary tool chucks, such as drill chucks, are usually composed of a body, jaws, nuts, bearings, anti-loosening devices and jackets. The body is connected to the drive spindle of the power tool, and the three jaws are respectively installed on the body. In the three evenly distributed oblique holes, there are threads on the clamping jaws and form a screw transmission with the nut. When the sleeve connected with the nut is rotated, the clamping jaws can move relative to the body along the guide groove, thereby clamping or loosening the tool handle.

Due to the above structure, the thread between the jaw and the nut generates a large contact stress under the working load, so that the relative sliding friction is very large, so the clamping tool handle generated by the thread transmission between the nut and the jaw The clamping force is not easy to be large enough, which makes the jaws unable to clamp the tool handle firmly under the conditions of heavy load and vibration. In addition, several anti-loosening structures that have been disclosed have poor anti-loosening effects due to structural limitations, such as PCT/CN02/00375, whose structure has the hidden danger of loosening under vibration and impact conditions.

In order to improve the locking performance of the collet and prevent the jaw from getting loose during work, people have researched and developed a variety of collets with anti-loosening functions. For example, U.S. Patent No.031, discloses a method for Rotate the collet of the tool. The chuck includes a body, a rear cover, three jaws, a jacket, a pawl seat, a pawl and a control piece. Wherein, the rear end of the body is connected to the transmission shaft of the driving tool. The rear cover is fixedly arranged on the rear end of the body. The jacket is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the body and is located in front of the rear cover. The inside of the jacket connects and drives the controls. The control part depresses the rear end of the ratchet part to disengage the ratchet at the front end from the ratchet teeth provided on the body. The pawl part of this collet engages with the ratchet in the working state. When the clamped tool handle is to be released, the claw and the ratchet must be completely disengaged.

Chinese Patent Announcement CN 2059607 discloses a chuck with fast-moving claws, which is used as a lathe accessory. The outer edge of the shape is a cylindrical gear. The chuck retains the function of moving the jaws at a slow speed of the existing chuck, while adding the function of moving the jaws at a fast speed.

Chinese patent announcement CN 2671723 discloses a multifunctional precision boring head, which is used as a machine tool accessory technology. There is a reduction transmission mechanism in the head body, and the differential ring gear is sleeved on the steps of the main shaft. The inner ring gear of the differential ring gear meshes with the upper part of the planetary gear, and the lower part of the planetary gear meshes with the inner ring gear of the upper part of the adjustment ring. Engagement, the lower part of the adjustment ring is a modular internal thread, which meshes with a gear, which drives another gear, and the other gear meshes with the rack below, and the rack and the slider are fixed as one. This multifunctional precision boring head structure is installed on milling machines and drilling machines, which can not only bore holes, but also process the end faces of workpieces.

Chinese patent announcement CN 2480087 discloses a locking drill chuck, which includes a drill body, jaws, nuts, front sleeves, and rear sleeves. The three jaws are respectively installed in three equally divided oblique holes in the drill body. Inside, the nut meshes with the jaws installed in the inclined hole of the drill body, a locking control ring is provided between the front sleeve and the rear sleeve, a gear is set between the thrust surface of the drill body and the nut, and the nut and the front sleeve are connected. A ring driver is secured, which also engages the locking control ring.

Chinese patent publication CN 1575921 discloses a device for positioning a tool relative to a workpiece, comprising a first bracket that can rotate around a first axis, and a tool that is carried by the first bracket and can be formed around the first bracket. The second bracket rotates on the second axis. The second axis is parallel to and in an eccentric relationship with the first axis. the tool holder is secured to the second carriage in eccentric relationship to the second axis, and the drive mechanism selectively rotationally drives the first carriage about the first axis and rotationally drives the second carriage about the second axis, thereby Selectively position the tool chuck. A tool held in a toolholder is movable along a selected path relative to a workpiece.

Chinese patent announcement CN 1035046 discloses a non-percussion type keyless chuck suitable for manual and electric drives, comprising a body with a rotatable split nut containing thinner threads, the chuck also Consists of a set of identical slidable jaws driven by the rotatable nut. A primary anti-friction bearing is located between the rotatable nut mounted on the body and the bearing thrust ring. A clutch or torque limiting mechanism is used to limit the clamping torque to a predetermined value, while the unclamping torque can be limited or unlimited. The front and rear sleeves can be made of structural plastic to reduce manufacturing costs. A softer resilient grip cover may be provided on the front sleeve to improve grip and temporarily center the tool during collet tightening and loosening operations.

The above prior art has improved chucks or similar clamping devices from various aspects, and has corresponding technical effects. However, these collets or clamping devices only perform clamping operations in one way, and it is difficult to achieve greater clamping force. In addition, these collets in the prior art still have the defects that the locking is not reliable enough and the structure is relatively complicated.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a two-stage clamping chuck capable of providing greater clamping force for the deficiencies in the prior art.

Another object of the utility model is to provide a collet that can better prevent the tool shank from loosening under vibration conditions.

Another object of the utility model is to provide a collet with multiple designed clamping forces at the same time.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model proposes a collet installed on a transmission shaft driven by a power source. The collet includes: a body with a longitudinal central axis, and its rear end is connected to the transmission shaft , to drive the body to rotate around the central axis, the body has a plurality of equally divided inclined holes; a plurality of jaws are arranged in the inclined holes of the body, and the rear end of the jaws has an external thread , the front end has a clamping part, and the clamping jaw slides back and forth along the inclined hole through screw transmission to clamp or loosen the tool handle; the outer sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the body; and the transmission nut, Sleeved on the body and indirectly connected to the outer sleeve, the drive nut can be driven by rotating the outer sleeve, and its inner surface has an internal thread that matches the external thread of the jaw to drive the drive nut. The jaw; it is characterized in that it also includes: a driving pendulum support sleeve, located between the outer cover and the drive nut, connected to the outer cover, and sleeved on the body; a driving pendulum, arranged on the on the driving pendulum support sleeve, and swing between the first position and the second position around its connection with the drive swing support sleeve, with a first drive part and a second drive part on it, when in the first position When in the first position, the drive nut is driven along the first transmission path through the first drive part, and when in the second position, the transmission nut is driven along the first transmission path through the second drive part A second drive path providing greater clamping force drives the drive nut.

Wherein, the driving pendulum (14a, 14b) is an elastic part integrally formed on the driving pendulum supporting sleeve (63), and the driving pendulum supporting sleeve (63) has at least one driving pendulum (14a, 14b).

Wherein, one end of the driving pendulum (14a, 14b) is integrally formed with the driving pendulum supporting sleeve (63), and the other end is used as a free end, and is bent to form the second driving part (142).

Wherein, the first or second driving part is a first or second driving key (141, 142) respectively, and the driving pendulum (14a, 14b) swings in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis.

Wherein, a groove (051) is formed at the lower part of the outer sleeve (05), and the lower part of the driving pendulum support sleeve (63) has a bearing key (132) inserted into the groove (051).

Wherein, in the second transmission path, a torque amplification mechanism for amplifying the torque transmitted from the sleeve (051) to the nut (03) is also included.

Preferably, the torque amplification mechanism is a planetary transmission mechanism. The planetary transmission mechanism includes: an inner gear ring fixedly arranged relative to the machine body; an outer gear ring set on the machine body in a relatively rotatable manner; and at least one planetary gear arranged between the inner gear ring and the machine body. between the outer toothed ring parts and meshes with the teeth on the inner toothed ring part and the outer toothed ring part at the same time.

Wherein, the inner gear ring part includes: a gear ring sleeve, the upper end of which is non-rotatably connected to the body; an inner gear ring, whose upper end is non-rotatably connected to the lower end of the gear ring sleeve.

Wherein, the outer gear ring part is a gear sleeve, the outer peripheral edge of which is opposite to the inner gear ring part, and has a first gear tooth part meshed with the planetary gear, and the outer peripheral edge of the lower part is connected to the driving pendulum support sleeve. Oppositely, there is a second gear tooth portion meshing with the second driving portion.

Wherein, the planetary gear is installed on a split wheel frame through the planetary gear shaft.

Preferably, the split wheel frame includes: a first wheel frame fixedly connected with a nut sleeve fixedly set on the nut; and a second wheel frame, the upper part of which is fixedly connected with the first wheel frame, and the lower part A drive slot is provided, and the drive slot can be engaged with the first drive key.

Preferably, a plurality of connecting keys are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the first wheel frame, and the second wheel frame has connecting grooves matching the connecting keys.

Wherein, the first wheel frame defines a keyway on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting key, and the lower end of the nut sleeve has a driving key inserted into the keyway.

Wherein, one or more positioning grooves are provided on the inner surface of the second wheel frame.

Preferably, the second wheel frame has a stop portion, and the stop portion is located on the inner wall of the second wheel frame between the positioning groove and the driving groove.

Preferably, the driving pendulum supporting sleeve has a stop key formed by bending outwards at a position opposite to the second driving part of the driving pendulum.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The two sides of the driving pendulum are respectively provided with a first driving key and a second driving key, wherein the first driving key makes the collet perform the first-stage clamping along the first path, and after the first-stage clamping is completed, the second driving key Make the collet follow the second path for the second stage clamping with higher clamping force. Thus, with two-stage clamping, the collet can provide greater clamping force.

The force transmission to the two transmission paths is realized through two driving keys of the same driving pendulum, and the structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

When the driving pendulum is clamped in the second stage, its first driving key can slide into the positioning groove of the transmission sleeve fixedly connected with the machine body, which ensures that the chuck can prevent the nut from rotating in reverse under vibration and shock conditions. , thereby preventing loosening of the tool handle.

The multiple positioning grooves on the transmission sleeve can provide multiple different design clamping forces for the collet to meet different working environments.

Description of drawings

The above and other objectives and features of the present utility model will become more clear through the description of the preferred embodiments below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same structural parts, and some parts are omitted in some figures for the sake of clarity. in:

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of a chuck according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along the A-A direction in Fig. 1, wherein the collet is in the state of the first stage of clamping, and the driving pendulum is in the first position at this moment;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view along A-A direction in Fig. 1, wherein the collet is in the state of the second stage of clamping, and the driving pendulum is in the second position at this moment;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along B-B direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the nut drive sleeve;

Fig. 6 is a front sectional view of the nut drive sleeve;

Figure 7 is a bottom view of the drive pendulum support sleeve;

Figure 8 is a front sectional view of the drive pendulum support sleeve;

Figure 9 is a top view of the jacket;

Fig. 10 is a front sectional view of a chuck according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is the bottom view of nut cover;

Figure 12 is a front sectional view of the nut sleeve;

Figure 13 is a main sectional view of the drive sleeve;

Figure 14 is a bottom view of the drive sleeve;

Fig. 15 is an assembly front view of the gear ring connecting sleeve, wherein the gear ring sleeve and the inner gear ring are connected by key and groove connection;

Fig. 16 is a bottom view of the gear ring connecting sleeve in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is an assembly front view of the gear ring connecting sleeve, wherein the gear ring sleeve and the inner gear ring are connected in a seam interference connection;

Fig. 18 is a bottom view of the gear ring connecting sleeve in Fig. 17;

Figure 19 is a main sectional view of the gear sleeve;

Fig. 20 is a sectional view of the gear sleeve in Fig. 19 along the direction D-D.

Fig. 21 is a front sectional view of a chuck according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 22 is a top view of the nut cover in Figure 21;

Figure 23 is a top view of the gear sleeve in Figure 21;

Figure 24 is a front sectional view of the drive sleeve in Figure 21;

Fig. 25 is a bottom view of the drive sleeve in Fig. 24;

Figure 26 is a front sectional view of the drive pendulum support sleeve in Figure 21;

Figure 27 is a top view of the drive pendulum support sleeve in Figure 26;

Figure 28 is a partial expanded view along the H-H position in Figure 27;

FIG. 29 is a top view of the jacket of FIG. 21 .

Fig. 30 is a front sectional view of a chuck according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 31 is a sectional view along the direction A-A in Fig. 30, wherein the collet is in the state of the first stage of clamping, and the driving pendulum is in the first position at this time;

Fig. 32 is a sectional view along the A-A direction in Fig. 30, wherein the collet is in the state of the second stage of clamping, and the driving pendulum is in the second position at this moment;

Fig. 33 is a three-dimensional exploded view of a chuck according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 34 is a perspective view of the second wheel frame in Figure 30;

Fig. 35 is a perspective view of the driving pendulum supporting sleeve in Fig. 30 .

Symbol Description:

01 body 011 oblique hole

012 fine teeth 02 jaws

03 nut 031 fine teeth

04 Bearing 05 Jacket

051 slot 06 front cover

07 Rear cover 08 Gear ring connection sleeve

081 Inner gear teeth 082 Riveting points

09 Nut drive sleeve 091 Riveting part

092 drive groove 093a and 093e locating groove

094 stopper 095 and 096 shaft support arm

097 planetary wheel window 098 and 099 axle holes

10 planetary gear 11 planetary gear shaft

12 gear set 121 first wheel gear

122 The second wheel gear 123 Positioning gear

13 Driving pendulum support sleeve 131 Elastic part

132 bearing key

134 and 135 shaft holes 4a and 14b drive pendulum

141 The first drive key 142 The second drive key

143 shaft hole 15 drive pendulum shaft

16 Spring retaining ring 17 Spring retaining ring

18 tooth ring sleeve 181 punching riveting part

182 coupling key 183 seam

19 Nut set 191 Drive groove

193 drive key 20 drive sleeve

21 internal gear ring part 211 gear teeth

212 keys 213 fine teeth

27 Holder 30 Transmission sleeve

304 stopper part 321 second gear part

322 rectangular notch 323 positioning stop

33 drive pendulum support sleeve 331 drive pendulum

338 elastic support part 35 anti-friction component

39 Nut Set 391 Notch

61 first wheel frame 612 keyway

617 connection key 62 second wheel frame

627 connection groove 63 drive pendulum support sleeve

634 stop key

Detailed ways

The collet of the utility model can be used to clamp machining tools such as drill bits, screw taps, reamers and the like. Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described further. In the described embodiments, the same parts are given the same names and symbols, and their repeated descriptions will be omitted.

In the description, relative to the chuck itself, the direction where the tool handle is located is "front", and the direction where the drive shaft of the power source is located is "rear". When describing in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, "front" is generally also referred to as "lower", and "rear" is generally also referred to as "upper". Except for otherwise special instructions or circumstances that obviously cannot be understood according to the instructions.

first embodiment

Referring to FIG. 1 , it is a front partial cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a chuck according to the present invention. The collet includes a body 01 located at the center, which has a longitudinal central axis, its rear end is connected to the transmission shaft of the power source through a threaded hole or a tapered hole, and its front end forms an accommodating space for clamping the tool handle. The body 01 has a plurality of oblique holes 011 uniformly distributed around the central axis of the body. The outer surface of the body 01 also has a bearing platform 012, and the outer surface of the bearing platform 012 has serrations 0121.

In addition, two annular grooves are formed on the outer surface of the front end of the body 01, in which split spring retaining rings 16 and 17 are fitted respectively.

A plurality of clamping jaws 02 are installed in the inclined hole 011 of the body 01, the rear end of the clamping jaws has an incomplete external thread, and the front end has a clamping part, which is approximately polygonal and used to clamp the tool handle.

The rear end of the body 01 is fixedly provided with a rear cover 07, which can be connected to the rear end of the body through holes and fasteners, or through keys, or can be connected by a tight fit. The peripheral edge of the rear cover 07 extends radially outward and is adjacent to the rear end of a casing 05 . Optionally, the periphery of the back cover from the 07 can further extend forward to form a gripping portion.

The outer cover 05 is arranged in front of the rear cover 07 , which is rotatably sleeved outside the body 01 , and the rear end of the outer cover 05 is closed by the rear cover 07 . Referring to FIG. 9 , a top view of the jacket 05 is shown. The outer surface of the jacket 05 forms a grip portion, which may have textures or stripes for easy grip. The lower end of the jacket 05 extends radially inwards to form a flange, and a plurality of grooves 051 uniformly distributed along the circumference are formed on the flange.

A nut 03 is also sleeved on the outside of the machine body, which is located in front of the body bearing platform 012, and a bearing 04 is arranged between the bearing platform 012. The nut 03 and the clamping jaw 02 are driven by threads, and the outer cylindrical surface of the nut has fine teeth 031.

The outside of the body is also covered with a nut drive sleeve 09, and its upper end is fixedly set on the outer cylindrical surface 031 with fine teeth of the nut 03, and is fixed by the punching riveting part 091. Referring to Figures 5 and 6 together, the other end of the nut drive sleeve 09 has several drive grooves 092 and positioning grooves 093a-093e, and there are several pairs of shaft support arms 095 and 096 in the middle of the nut drive sleeve with shaft holes 098 and 099 . As shown in FIG. 1 , planetary gear shafts 11 are installed in the shaft holes 098 and 099 of the shaft support arms, and a planetary gear 10 is installed on each planetary gear shaft 11 . The planetary gear 10 partially passes through the rectangular planetary gear window 097 and extends out of the wall of the nut drive sleeve 09 for meshing with the inner gear teeth 081 on the inner gear ring part of the gear ring connecting sleeve 08 to be described later.

Referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 again, stop portion 094 is also provided on nut driving sleeve 09, and the side wall portion of driving groove 092 between positioning groove (093e) and driving groove 092 prevents the driving pendulum 14a, 14b from The first driving key 141 goes over the positioning grooves 093a, 093e and enters the driving groove 092 during the chuck clamping process. If this happens, the second driving key 142 will disengage from the second gear tooth portion 122 of the gear sleeve 12 due to the biasing effect of the elastic member 131 on the driving pendulum 14a, 14b.

The load-bearing platform 012 of the body 01 is fixed with a gear ring connecting sleeve 08, the upper end of which is sleeve-shaped, and is fixed to the outer cylindrical surface with fine teeth on the bearing platform 012 through the punching riveting part 082, and the inner wall of the lower end has an inner The ring gear part has inner gear teeth 081 on the inner gear part, and the inner gear ring part meshes with the planetary gear 10 .

A gear cover 12 is movable in the front middle part of the body 01. Referring to Fig. 19 and Fig. 20 together, the upper end of the gear sleeve 12, that is, the end close to the middle of the body 01, has a first gear tooth portion 121, and the other end has a second gear tooth portion 122, and a positioning stopper 123 is provided in the middle to prevent The planet wheel shaft 11 moves forward in the axial direction. Of course, it is also possible not to set the positioning stopper 123 , but to realize the axial positioning of the planetary shaft 11 by providing an annular groove on the planetary shaft 11 and installing a spring retaining ring in the annular groove to cooperate with the shaft support arm 095 or 096 .

The first gear tooth portion 121 is located at a position radially corresponding to the planetary gear 10 and meshes with it, and the second gear tooth portion 122 is located radially opposite to the second driving key 142 of the driving pendulum 14a, 14b mentioned later. position and engage with it. The teeth of the first gear tooth portion 121 are common gear teeth, and are in a relatively dynamic transmission relationship with the planetary gears during operation. The teeth of the second wheel tooth portion 122 are used as joints, which are equivalent to the function of keys, and have a relatively static driving relationship with the second driving keys 142 during operation.

A driving pendulum support sleeve 13 is also fitted on the machine body 01 , which is located at a position corresponding to the second tooth portion 122 of the gear sleeve 12 . Referring to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, one end of the drive pendulum support sleeve 13 has a shaft support arm 133 with a shaft hole 134 on it, and the other end has a disk-shaped flange with a shaft hole 135 coaxial with the shaft hole 134 on the flange, and A bearing key 132 extends from the flange to the end. There are several elastic parts 131 in the middle part of the drive pendulum support sleeve 13 . The driving pendulum support sleeve 13 is installed between the gear sleeve 12 and the nut drive sleeve 09 and is movably matched with the inner wall of the nut drive sleeve 09 .

The drive pendulum support sleeve 13 is equipped with several drive pendulums 14a, 14b, one end of which has a shaft hole 143, and the other end has a first drive key 141 and a second drive key 142 respectively. The driving pendulum 14a, 14b is movably sleeved on the driving pendulum shaft 15, and the two ends of the driving pendulum shaft 15 are fixedly installed in the holes 134 and 135 respectively. The variable force driving pendulum 14a, 14b is a swingable part assembled on the supporting sleeve of the driving pendulum, and the elastic member 131 biases the driving pendulum 14 radially outward. In the assembly position, the first driving key 141 of the driving pendulum 14a, 14b is engaged with the driving groove 092 of the nut driving sleeve, and the driving pendulum is in the first position at this moment. The side of the first driving key 141 of the driving pendulum engaged with the driving groove 092 of the nut drive sleeve 09 in the clamping direction is inclined at an angle β (<90°) relative to the circumferential tangential direction of the driving pendulum 14a, 14b at this point, so that When the first driving key 141 engages with the driving groove 092 and drives the nut driving sleeve 09, the corresponding side of the driving groove 092 exerts force toward the second driving key 142 on the driving pendulum 14a, 14b. The component force makes the second driving key 142 mesh with the first gear teeth 122 of the gear sleeve 12 . At this time, the driving pendulum is in the second position.

In addition, the spring retaining ring 16 with opening is installed in the ring groove at the front end of the body, and the gear sleeve 12 and the driving pendulum support sleeve 13 are axially positioned on the body; The hole 051 is inserted into the bearing key 132 of the driving pendulum support sleeve assembly 13 . Front cover 06 is installed on body 01 front portion and overcoat 05 front end. The spring retaining ring 17 axially positions the front cover 06 and the outer casing 05 .

The operation process of the first embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1-3, turn the outer sleeve 05 clockwise in Figure 2, the groove 051 pushes the drive pendulum support sleeve 13 to rotate, and the drive pendulum 14 on the drive pendulum support sleeve 13 is biased by the elastic member 131, and the first A driving key 141 engages with the driving slot 092 of the nut drive sleeve 09, so the nut drive sleeve 09 and the nut 03 rotate together with the outer sleeve 05 in the same direction, and the nut thread and the jaw thread drive, so that the jaw moves forward and backward along the inclined hole in the body , to clamp or loosen the drill shank. Turn the overcoat 05 in the forward direction to make the jaws 02 move forward and clamp the drill shank.

This is the first stage of clamping, and the transmission path is the first path. By properly selecting the elastic force of the elastic member 131 and the angle β (<90°), the maximum rotational moment N1 of the first stage can be set.

If the overcoat is continued to be rotated with force, when the torque of rotation is greater than the N1 value, the driving pendulum 14 will overcome the elastic pressure of the elastic member 131 and the friction force between the first driving key 141 and the side wall of the groove 092, and swing around the driving pendulum shaft 15, Make the first driving key 141 slide out from the groove 092, and be supported by the inner wall of the nut driving sleeve 09, force the second driving key 142 to mesh with the second gear tooth portion 122 of the gear sleeve 12, and enter the second stage of clamping. The passing transmission path is the second path.

The second stage of clamping is to amplify the rotational torque through the transmission of a planetary gear mechanism, that is, the torque input by the outer cover 05. Push the driving pendulum support sleeve 13 through the groove 051, the driving pendulum 14a and 14b rotate, the second driving key 142 meshes with the driving gear teeth 122 of the gear sleeve 12, and at the same time, the first driving key 141 of the driving pendulum 14a and 14b is driven by the nut drive sleeve 09 The support of the inner wall and relative sliding. When the driving pendulum 14 a and 14 b rotate together with the driving pendulum supporting sleeve 13 , the gear sleeve 12 is driven to rotate around the body 01 . The planetary gear 10 meshes with the gear sleeve 12 and the inner gear ring part of the gear ring connecting sleeve 08 . Because the gear ring connecting sleeve 08 is fixedly connected with the body 01, the pinion 10 simultaneously drives the nut drive sleeve (as a planetary gear carrier) 09 and the nut 03 to rotate around the body 01 together.

Since the torque transmitted to the nut 03 from the gear sleeve 12 through the transmission of the planetary gear mechanism is amplified by i times (the transmission ratio i>1 transmitted from the nut transmission sleeve 09 to the gear sleeve 12), the torque received by the nut 03 is approximately equal to that from It is i times the torque input by the jacket, so the clamping force of the jaw 02 on the drill shank is approximately equal to i times the clamping force of the common chuck.

According to the size of the designed clamping force, several positioning grooves 093a-093e are further designed on the inner surface of the nut driving sleeve 09 along the position where the first driving key of the driving pendulum 14 slides. Along the circumferential direction, the corresponding clamping force increases sequentially from the positioning grooves 093a to 093e. When the first driving key 141 slides into the corresponding positioning groove (at this moment, the second driving key 142 is still engaged with the second gear tooth portion 122), the drill shank is subjected to a clamping force substantially corresponding to the designed position. At the same time, when the first driving key 141 is located in the corresponding positioning grooves 093a-093e, it can also prevent the nut from reversely rotating and causing the tool handle to be loosened under vibration and shock conditions.

When the tool handle is loosened, apply a relatively large force to the outer cover 05 first, so that the first driving key 141 slides out from the positioning groove, and continue to rotate to the position corresponding to the first driving key 141 and the driving groove 092 . At this time, under the bias of the elastic force of the spring member 131, the second drive key 142 is disengaged from the drive gear teeth 122, and the first drive key 141 is engaged with the groove 092. At this time, continuing to rotate the outer cover in the opposite direction can loosen quickly. Open tool handle.

second embodiment

Referring to FIG. 10 , it shows a front sectional view of a chuck according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the second embodiment, the function of the integrated nut drive sleeve 09 in the first embodiment is replaced by a combination of a nut sleeve 19 and a drive sleeve 20 .

FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show the structure of the nut sleeve 19 , and FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show the structure of the transmission sleeve 20 . The lower end of the nut sleeve 19 forms a drive groove 191 , and the upper end of the transmission sleeve 20 has a shaft support arm 095 . The slot supporting arm 095 is inserted into the driving slot 191 .

The upper part of the nut sleeve 19 is fixedly set on the nut 03 , the lower part is provided with a drive groove 191 , and the transmission sleeve 20 is provided with upper and lower shaft support parts for installing the planetary gear shaft 11 supporting the planetary gear 10 . The upper shaft support part of the transmission sleeve 20 is an upper shaft support arm 095 extending radially outward, and the upper shaft support arm 095 is plugged into the drive groove 191 on the nut sleeve 19 to connect the nut sleeve 19 and the transmission sleeve 20 together .

A skirt is formed at the bottom of the drive sleeve 20, and the top wall 096' of the skirt corresponds to the upper shaft support arm 095 as a lower shaft support.

The position corresponding to the planetary gear 10 on the transmission sleeve 20 is provided with a planetary gear window 097, the planetary gear shaft 15 is installed on the outside of the transmission sleeve 20, and the planetary gear 10 partly passes through the window 097 and is connected to the first wheel of the gear sleeve 12. The teeth 121 mesh.

In addition, in the second embodiment, the ring gear sleeve 18 and the inner gear ring 21 are assembled together to replace the function of the gear ring combination sleeve in the first embodiment.

Two ways of assembling the inner gear ring 21 and the gear ring sleeve 18 in the second embodiment are illustrated.

One way, as shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, the gear ring connecting sleeve includes a gear ring sleeve 18 and an inner gear ring 21 separately arranged, the upper end of the gear ring sleeve 18 is fixedly installed on the body 01, and the lower end is provided with a coupling key 182. Keys 212 are arranged on the outer periphery of the inner gear ring 21 , and grooves are formed between the keys 212 . The connecting key 182 and the key 212 are plugged together so as to match with the grooves between the keys 212 , they are connected through such a keyway, and then riveted at the junction by the riveting part 181 to fix the connection.

In another way, as shown in Figures 17 and 18, the lower end of the ring gear sleeve 18 forms an internal spigot 183, and the outer cylindrical surface of the inner gear ring 21 forms serrations 213, by pressing the inner gear ring 21 with the serrations 213 Into the seam 183 of the gear ring sleeve 18 to form an interference connection.

The operation process of the chuck of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

third embodiment

In the aforementioned first and second implementations, the drive pendulum swings in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis of the machine body 01 . In the third embodiment according to the present invention, the driving pendulum 331 oscillates in a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis.

Fig. 21 is a front sectional view of a chuck according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 21 , the collet includes an outer sleeve 05 , a nut sleeve 39 , a transmission sleeve 30 , a gear sleeve 32 , and a drive pendulum support sleeve 33 .

Referring to FIG. 29 , a top view of the jacket 05 is shown. The lower end of the jacket is connected to the front cover 06 and has a plurality of slots 051 .

Referring to Figures 26-28, the structure of the drive pendulum support sleeve 33 is shown. It can be seen from the figure that the lower end of the driving pendulum supporting sleeve 33 has a plurality of force-bearing keys 132 for cooperating with the grooves 051 on the outer sleeve 05 , so that the driving pendulum supporting sleeve 33 is driven by rotating the outer sleeve 05 . Different from the foregoing first and second embodiments, the driving pendulum 331 in this embodiment is an elastic part integrally formed on the driving pendulum support sleeve 33 . It can be seen from FIG. 27 that there are three driving pendulums 331 on the supporting sleeve 33 of the driving pendulum.

The driving pendulum 331 is formed by shearing the upper surface of the driving pendulum support sleeve 33 along the circumferential direction. The free end of each driving pendulum 331 has a first driving key 141 bent upwards and a second driving key 142 bent downwards. As can be seen from FIG. 26 , each first driving key 141 has an inclined surface on its side, and the inclined surface is used to engage with the driving groove 092 of the transmission sleeve 30 .

An elastic supporting portion 338 is formed at a continuous portion along the radial inner side of each driving pendulum 331 . The middle portion of the elastic support portion 338 bends downwards to form a support. The elastic supporting part ( 338 ) abuts against the upper surface of the positioning stopper 323 (to be described later) of the gear sleeve 32 , and is used to make the drive pendulum support sleeve 33 move axially upward relative to the gear sleeve 32 to reset.

Referring to Figures 24 and 25, the structure of the drive sleeve 30 is shown. The lower end of the transmission sleeve 30 has a drive slot 092 . The upper and lower ends of the transmission sleeve 30 have flanges 095', 096' respectively, on which there are shaft holes 098, 099 respectively, for the planetary wheel shaft 11 to be installed. Referring again to FIG. 21 , the planetary gear 10 is installed on the planetary gear shaft 11 so that it is located between the flanges 095 , 096 . The planetary wheel shaft 011 extends upwards to the vicinity of the lower surface of the nut 03 and downwards to the vicinity of the upper surface of the drive pendulum support sleeve 33, thereby limiting the axial position of the planetary wheel shaft 011 to prevent the planetary wheel shaft (011) from moving along the shaft. Move forward and backward.

Referring to Figures 24 and 25, the transmission sleeve 30 is provided with a planet wheel window 097, which is located at a position corresponding to the planet wheel 10 in Figure 21 . The planet gear shaft 11 is installed on the outside of the transmission sleeve 30 , and the planet gear 10 partially passes through the window 097 to mesh with the first gear tooth portion 121 of the gear sleeve 32 .

The lower surface of the drive sleeve 30 is also provided with one or more positioning grooves 093a, 093e. When the driving pendulum 331 drives the gear sleeve 32 to rotate in the second position, the first driving key 141 can slide into the positioning grooves. 093a, 093e.

The transmission sleeve 30 is also provided with a stopper 304, which is located between the positioning groove 093e and the driving groove 092, preferably, at the adjacent position of the positioning groove 093e, and is used to prevent the first driving key 141 of the driving pendulum 331 from During the clamping process, the collet goes over the positioning groove 093e and enters the driving groove 092. The stop portion 304 can be a stop structure integrally formed on the transmission sleeve 30 , or a positioning pin installed thereon.

As shown in FIG. 21 , the gear sleeve 32 is sheathed on the machine body 01 and has a first gear portion 121 and a second gear portion 321 thereon. Referring to FIG. 23 , a positioning stopper 323 is formed at the lower end of the gear sleeve 32 for axially supporting the driving pendulum support sleeve 33 . The second tooth portion 321 is formed on the outer periphery of the positioning stopper 323 .

The first gear tooth part 121 is located at a position corresponding to the planetary gear 10 in the radial direction and meshes with it, and the second gear tooth part 321 is located at the axially lower part of the second driving key 142 of the driving pendulum 331 and meshes with it. . The teeth of the first gear tooth portion 121 are common gear teeth, and are in a relatively dynamic transmission relationship with the planetary gears during operation. The teeth of the second wheel tooth portion 321 are used as joints, which are equivalent to the function of the key, and are in a relatively static driving relationship with the second driving key 142 during operation.

The nut sleeve 39 and the drive sleeve 30 are connected to each other, which is equivalent to the nut drive sleeve in the first embodiment. Referring in conjunction with Figure 22, a top view of the nut housing is shown. The upper end of the nut sleeve 39 is fixedly connected to the drive nut 03 , and a notch 391 is formed inside the lower end. The notch is used to pass through the planetary shaft 32 so as to be connected with the transmission sleeve 30 supporting and installing the planetary shaft 32 . Optionally, the nut sleeve 39 and the drive sleeve 30 can also be integrally formed.

In addition, a spring retaining ring 16 is installed on the machine body 01, and the spring retaining ring 16 is located in front of the gear sleeve 32, and a friction reducing assembly 35 is arranged in the middle. The anti-friction assembly can be a plane rolling bearing, or other anti-friction structures made of low friction coefficient materials, such as oil-free lubricating structures.

The operation process of the chuck of the third embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 21 , when the outer cover 05 is rotated, the groove 051 on the outer cover 05 engages with the force-bearing key 132 on the driving pendulum support sleeve 33 to push the drive pendulum support sleeve 33 to rotate. The first drive key 141 of the drive pendulum 331 on the drive pendulum support sleeve 33 is engaged with the drive slot 092 of the drive sleeve 30, so the drive sleeve 30 and the nut 03 rotate together with the outer cover 05 in the same direction, and the nut thread and the clamping jaw thread are transmitted, so that The jaws move back and forth along the inclined hole in the machine body to clamp or loosen the drill shank. Turn the overcoat 05 in the forward direction to make the jaws 02 move forward and clamp the drill shank.

This is the first stage of clamping, and the transmission path is the first path. By properly selecting the magnitude of the elastic force of the driving pendulum 331 and the magnitude of the angle β (<90°) of the inclined surface, the maximum rotational moment N1 of the first stage can be set.

If you continue to apply force to rotate the jacket, when the rotational moment is greater than the N1 value, the inclined surface of the first drive key 141 of the drive pendulum 331 will slide relative to the corresponding side wall of the groove 092, and the drive pendulum 331 will be supported on the drive pendulum around it at the same time. The connecting portion on the sleeve 33 swings in a vertical plane parallel to the central axis, so that the first driving key 141 slides out of the groove 092 and contacts the lower surface of the transmission sleeve 30 . At this time, the second driving key 142 moves downwards, meshes with the second gear teeth 122 of the gear sleeve 32 below it, and enters the second stage of clamping, and the transmission path passed through is the second path.

The second stage of clamping is to amplify the rotational torque through the transmission of a planetary gear mechanism. In the second stage of clamping, the torque input by the overcoat 05 pushes the drive pendulum support sleeve 33 through the groove 051, and the second drive key 142 of the drive pendulum 331 is carried out to the groove 322 on the second gear tooth portion 122 of the gear sleeve 32 to drive The gear sleeve 32 rotates around the body 01. Since the planetary gear 10 meshes with the first gear tooth part 121 of the gear sleeve 32 and the inner gear ring 21 on the gear ring connecting sleeve 18 at the same time, the planetary gear 10, the planetary gear shaft 11 and the transmission sleeve 30 rotate around the body 01 together, and pass through The transmission sleeve 30 drives the nut 03 to rotate for further clamping operation.

According to the designed clamping force, several positioning grooves 093a-093e are provided on the lower surface of the transmission sleeve 30 along the position where the first driving key 141 of the driving pendulum 331 slides. Along the circumferential direction, the corresponding clamping force increases sequentially from the positioning grooves 093a to 093e. When the first driving key 141 slides into the corresponding positioning groove (at this moment, the second driving key 142 is still meshed with the second gear tooth portion 321 of the gear sleeve 32), the drill shank is subjected to a roughly corresponding clamping position with the designed position. Tight force. At the same time, when the first driving key 121 is located in a corresponding one of the positioning grooves 093a-093e, it can prevent the nut from reversely rotating and causing the tool handle to be loosened under vibration shock conditions.

When the tool handle is loosened, apply a relatively large force to the outer cover 05 first, so that the first driving key 141 slides out from the positioning groove, and continue to rotate to the position corresponding to the first driving key 141 and the driving groove 092 . At this time, under the action of the elastic force of the elastic supporting portion 338 , the driving pendulum 331 swings upwards, the second driving key 142 is disengaged from the second gear tooth portion 321 , and the first driving key 141 enters the groove 092 . At this time, continuing to turn the overcoat in the opposite direction can release the tool handle more quickly.

Fourth embodiment

Referring to FIG. 30 , it shows a front sectional view of a chuck according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Also refer to FIG. 33 , which shows a three-dimensional exploded view of the chuck according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

In the fourth embodiment, the function of the integrated nut drive sleeve 09 in the first embodiment is replaced by the combination of the nut sleeve 19, the first wheel frame 61 and the second wheel frame 62. FIG. 33 shows the structure of the nut sleeve 19 , the first wheel frame 61 and the second wheel frame 62 . In addition, the structure of the second wheel frame 62 is also shown in FIG. 34 .

The upper part of the nut sleeve 19 is fixedly set on the drive nut 03 , and the lower end forms a driving key 193 .

The first wheel frame 61 is roughly ring-shaped, and has a plurality of shaft holes 098 evenly distributed around the central axis, and a keyway 612 corresponding to the driving key 193 on the nut sleeve 19 is formed on the outer circumference, and the lower part corresponding to the keyway 612 is formed Connection key 617. By inserting the drive key 193 into the key groove 612 , the fixed connection between the first wheel frame 61 and the nut sleeve 19 is realized.

The second wheel frame 62 is roughly ring-shaped, and the position corresponding to the connecting key 617 is provided with a connecting groove 627. The upper part has a plurality of shaft holes 099 uniformly distributed around the central axis, and the lower part is provided with a driving groove 092 and a positioning groove 093. , including positioning grooves 093a-093e. The first wheel frame 61 and the second wheel frame 62 are fixedly connected through the connecting key 617 and the connecting groove 627 .

In addition, in the fourth embodiment, the gear ring sleeve 18 and the inner gear ring 21 are assembled together to replace the function of the gear ring connecting sleeve 08 in the first embodiment.

The gear ring sleeve 18 is fixedly set on the bearing platform 012 of the body 01 . The outer peripheral edge of the inner gear ring 21 has a seam, and the inner wall of the lower end has an inner gear ring part. Press the notch part of the inner gear ring 21 into the gear ring sleeve 18 to form an interference connection. The planetary gear 10 is installed on the planetary gear shaft 11 on the first wheel carrier 61 and the second wheel carrier 62 , meshes with the first gear tooth portion 121 of the gear sleeve 12 and meshes with the tooth portion of the inner gear ring 21 at the same time.

In addition, referring to FIG. 35 , in the fourth embodiment, the driving pendulum supporting sleeve 63 is also used to replace the combined functions of the driving pendulum shaft 15 , the driving pendulum 14 a , 14 b , and the elastic element 131 in the first embodiment.

The driving pendulum supporting sleeve 63 has several driving pendulums 14a, 14b. The driving pendulum has a first driving key 141 bent to the outer side of the circumference and a second driving key 142 located on the inner side of the circumference. The driving pendulum 14 a , 14 b are elastic parts on the driving pendulum supporting sleeve 63 , and are integrally formed with the driving pendulum supporting sleeve 63 only at one end opposite to the second driving key 142 . A stop key 634 is formed on the part of the driving pendulum supporting sleeve 63 opposite to the second driving key 142 . The load-bearing key 132 is plugged into the groove 051 of the overcoat 05, and the driving pendulum supporting sleeve 63 is connected with the overcoat 05.

In addition, the side surface of the first driving key 141 combined with the driving groove 092 of the second wheel frame 62 along the clamping rotation direction is an inclined surface. The inclined surface forms an angle β (<90°) with the tangential direction of the drive pendulum. Correspondingly, the side surface of the driving groove 092 that engages with the inclined side surface of the second driving key 142 is formed as an inclined surface, and the inclined surface forms an angle β (<90°) with the tangential direction of the second wheel frame 62 .

In the assembly position, referring to FIGS. 31-32 , the first driving key 141 of the driving pendulum 14a, 14b is engaged with the driving groove 092 of the second wheel frame 62, and the driving pendulum is in the first position at this time. Since the first driving key 141 forms an angle β (<90°) with the tangential direction of the driving pendulum circle on the oblique side far away from the second driving key 142 , thus when engaging with the driving groove 092 and driving the second wheel carrier 62 , the driving groove 092 The side contacting with the first driving key 141 exerts a radially inward component force on the driving pendulum 14a, 14b, so that the first driving key 141 is disengaged from the driving groove 092, and the second driving key 142 is separated from the driving groove 092. The second gear teeth 122 of the gear sleeve 12 mesh. At this time, the driving pendulum is in the second position.

A stopper 094 is also provided on the second wheel carrier 62, which is located on the side wall between the positioning groove (093e) and the driving groove 092, and protrudes radially inwards to prevent the first movement of the driving pendulum 14a, 14b. The drive key 141 enters the drive groove 092 over the positioning grooves 093a, 093e during the chuck clamping process. If this happens, the second driving key 142 will disengage from the second gear tooth portion 122 of the gear sleeve 12 due to the elastic action of the driving pendulum 14a, 14b itself.

In this fourth embodiment, the function of the retaining ring 17 in the first embodiment is also replaced by a holder 27 . The holder 27 has an opening, and its upper and lower ends respectively cooperate with the drill body 01 and the front cover 06 to connect them together.

The operation process of the fourth embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 30-35, rotate the overcoat 05 clockwise in Figure 31, the groove 051 pushes the drive pendulum support sleeve 63 to rotate, and the drive pendulum 14 on the drive pendulum support sleeve 63 is under the action of its own elastic force, the first drive on it The key 141 is engaged with the drive slot 092 of the second wheel carrier 62 . Since the first wheel frame 61, the second wheel frame 62, and the nut sleeve 19 are respectively fixedly connected by keyways, the nut sleeve 19 together with the nut 03 rotates in the same direction with the outer cover 05, and the nut thread and the jaw thread are driven to make the jaw Move back and forth along the inclined hole in the body to clamp or loosen the shank. Turn the overcoat 05 in the forward direction to make the jaws 02 move forward and clamp the drill shank.

This is the first stage of clamping, and the transmission path is the first path. By properly setting the joint position between the driving pendulum and the supporting sleeve of the driving pendulum and the size of the β angle (<90°), the maximum rotational moment N1 of the first stage can be set.

If you continue to apply force to rotate the overcoat, when the rotational moment is greater than the N1 value, because the reaction force of the side wall of the second wheel frame 62 acting on the inclined side of the first driving key 141 has a radially inward component force, the drive Pendulum 14 overcomes self elastic force and the frictional force of first driving key 141 and groove 092 side walls, and swings around driving pendulum support sleeve 63, makes first driving key 141 slide out from groove 092, and is supported by the second wheel frame. The support of 62 forces the second driving key 142 to mesh with the second gear tooth portion 122 of the gear sleeve 12 to enter the second stage of clamping, and the transmission path passed through is the second path.

The second stage of clamping is to amplify the rotational torque through the transmission of a planetary gear mechanism, that is, to amplify the torque input by the overcoat 05. The driving pendulum supporting sleeve 63 is pushed through the groove 051 , the driving pendulum 14 a and 14 b swing to make the second driving key 142 mesh with the driving gear teeth 122 of the gear sleeve 12 and drive the gear sleeve 12 to rotate. Since the first wheel frame 61, the second wheel frame 62, and the nut sleeve 19 are respectively connected by keyways, and because the ring gear sleeve 18 is fixedly connected with the body 01, the planetary gear 10 simultaneously drives the first wheel frame 61, the second wheel frame 61, and the second wheel frame. The wheel frame 62, the nut cover 19 and the nut 03 rotate around the body 01 together with the overcoat 05, so that the jaws 02 move forward and clamp the drill shank.

Due to the transmission from the gear sleeve 12 through the planetary gear mechanism, the torque transmitted to the nut 03 is amplified by i times (the transmission ratio from the nut sleeve 19 to the gear sleeve 12 is i>1), so the torque received by the nut 03 is approximately equal to the input from the outer casing i times of the torque, so the clamping force of the jaw 02 on the drill shank is approximately equal to i times of the clamping force of the common chuck.

According to the size of the designed clamping force, several positioning grooves 093a-093e are further designed on the inner side surface of the second wheel frame 62 along the position where the first driving key of the driving pendulum 14 slides. Along the circumferential direction, the corresponding clamping force increases sequentially from the positioning grooves 093a to 093e. When the first driving key 141 slides into the corresponding positioning groove (at this moment, the second driving key 142 is still engaged with the second gear tooth portion 122), the drill shank is subjected to a clamping force substantially corresponding to the designed position. At the same time, when the first driving key 141 is located in the corresponding positioning grooves 093a-093e, it can also prevent the nut from reversely rotating and causing the tool handle to be loosened under vibration and shock conditions.

The operation process when the tool handle is released is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be repeated.

The utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with multiple embodiments. In terms of understanding the scope of the present utility model, the term "comprises" and its derivatives are open-ended terms, indicating that the features, elements, components, groups, integers and/or steps should be present, but not The presence of other unmentioned features, elements, components, groups, integers and/or steps is not excluded. The above explanations are also applicable to words with similar meanings, such as the terms "comprising", "having" and their derivatives. The term "connect" and its analogs include direct and/or indirect connections, unless expressly stated otherwise. According to the general understanding of those skilled in the art, two or more parts that are fixedly connected can be made into an integral part, and vice versa, the mutual cooperation structure between the two parts, such as the positions of keys and grooves, can be interchanged , the conversion of such conventional technical means all belong to equivalent technical solutions.

Although the preferred embodiment of the invention has been disclosed for descriptive purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and variations of the invention are possible. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (17)

1. A two-stage clamping drill chuck installed on a transmission shaft driven by a power source, the chuck includes: The body (01) has a longitudinal central axis, the rear end of which is connected to the transmission shaft to drive the body to rotate around the central axis, and the body has a plurality of equally divided oblique holes (011); A plurality of clamping jaws (02) are arranged in the inclined hole (011) of the body (01), the rear end of the clamping jaws (02) has an external thread, and the front end has a clamping part. The clamping jaws (02) Slide back and forth along the inclined hole (011) through thread transmission to clamp or loosen the tool handle; a jacket (05), rotatably sleeved on the outside of the body (01); and The transmission nut (03) is sleeved on the body (01) and indirectly connected to the outer casing (05). The transmission nut (03) can be driven by rotating the outer casing (05), and its inner surface having an internal thread matched with the external thread of the jaw (02) to drive the jaw (02); It is characterized in that it also includes: A driving pendulum support sleeve (13; 33; 63), located between the outer casing (05) and the drive nut (03), connected to the outer casing (05), and sleeved on the body (01) ; The drive pendulum (14a, 14b; 331) is arranged on the drive pendulum support sleeve, and is between the first position and the second position around its connection with the drive swing support sleeve (13; 33; 63) Swing, with a first driving part (141) and a second driving part (142) on it, when in the first position, the first driving part (141) drives the first driving part along the first transmission path drive nut (03), and when in the second position, through the second driving part (142), drive the drive nut (03). 2. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, the drive pendulum (14a, 14b) is an elastic part integrally formed on the drive pendulum support sleeve (63), the There is at least one driving pendulum (14a, 14b) on the driving pendulum supporting sleeve (63). 3. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that, one end of the driving pendulum (14a, 14b) is integrally formed with the supporting sleeve (63) of the driving pendulum, and the other end is a free end, and bent to form the second driving part (142). 4. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first or second driving part is respectively a first or second driving key (141, 142), and the driving pendulum ( 14a, 14b) swing in a horizontal plane perpendicular to said longitudinal central axis. 5. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 4, characterized in that a groove (051) is formed at the lower part of the outer casing (05), and the lower part of the driving pendulum support sleeve (63) has a The bearing key (132) of (051) plugging. 6. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the second transmission path, it also includes a torque amplification mechanism that amplifies the torque transmitted from the outer sleeve (051) to the nut (03) . 7. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 6, wherein the torque amplification mechanism is a planetary transmission mechanism. 8. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 7, wherein the planetary transmission mechanism comprises: The inner gear ring part is fixed relative to the body; the outer gear ring part is relatively rotatably fitted on the body; and at least one planetary gear (10), arranged between the inner tooth ring part and the outer tooth between the ring parts, and mesh with the teeth on the inner gear ring part and the outer gear ring part at the same time. 9. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 8, wherein the inner Gear ring section includes: The gear ring sleeve (18), the upper end of which is non-rotatably connected to the body (01); The upper end of the inner gear ring (21) is non-rotatably connected to the lower end of the gear ring sleeve (18). 10. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 8, characterized in that, the outer gear ring part is a gear sleeve (12), and its upper peripheral edge is opposite to the inner gear ring part, and has a The first gear tooth portion (121) meshing with the planetary gear (10), the lower outer peripheral edge is opposite to the driving pendulum support sleeve (63), and has a second gear tooth portion (122) meshing with the second driving portion ). 11. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 8, characterized in that, the planetary gear (10) is mounted on a split wheel carrier through a planetary gear shaft (11). 12. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 11, wherein the split wheel frame comprises: The first wheel frame (61) is fixedly connected with the nut sleeve (19) which is non-rotatably connected to the nut; and The second wheel frame (62), its upper part is fixedly connected with the first wheel frame (61), and the lower part is provided with a drive slot (092), and the drive slot (092) can be connected with the first drive key (141) engage. 13. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 12, characterized in that, a plurality of connection keys (617) are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the first wheel frame (61), and the second wheel frame (61) 62) has a connecting groove (627) matched with the connecting key (617). 14. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 13, characterized in that, the first wheel frame (61) defines a keyway (612) on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting key (617), and the nut sleeve (19) The lower end has a driving key (193) inserted into the keyway (612). 15. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 12, characterized in that, one or more positioning grooves (093a, 093e) are provided on the inner surface of the second wheel frame (62). 16. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 15, characterized in that, the second wheel frame (62) has a stopper (094), and the stopper (094) is located in the positioning recess On the inner wall of the second wheel frame between the groove (093e) and the driving groove (092). 17. The two-stage clamping drill chuck according to claim 16, characterized in that, the driving pendulum support sleeve (63) is opposite to the second driving part (142) of the driving pendulum (14a, 14b) There is a stop key (634) formed by bending outwards.

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