CN201036568Y - Denture carrier fixed on surface of alveolar bone - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, comprising a carrier having a bearing part, the cross section of the bearing part is arc-shaped, the arc part of the bottom surface is concave and is used to match the curvature of the top surface of the alveolar bone and can be placed on it, the bearing part is convexly provided with a joint part on the top surface for the denture to be set, the joint part is composed of at least one or more columns that are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and a positioning part is provided on the bottom surface of the carrier, so that the carrier with a mechanical conduction structure can be positioned on the cortical bone of the alveolar bone of the human body.

Description

Denture carrier fixed on the surface of alveolar bone

technical field

The utility model relates to a denture structure, in particular to a denture carrier which has a mechanical conduction structure and is fixed on the surface of the cortical bone of the alveolar bone.

Background technique

At present, there are many different ways to install dentures. The earliest method is to directly install dentures on the gums. Although this method is simple, users are more likely to have a foreign body sensation, cannot chew hard objects, and may be difficult to fix. And cause gingival inflammation and other shortcomings.

Another approach is artificial tooth roots, which is the most common dental implant. This approach has been used in many previous patent cases such as: U.S. Patent Nos. , 6655962 and other cases have been exposed in detail. The problem with this method is that the denture is only supported by a single foundation pile, and it is fixed on the spongy alveolar bone with low density and hardness, so the bearing capacity is poor, and if the alveolar bone has been seriously absorbed and atrophy If the width of the gum bed is not enough, dental implants are not allowed, and even dental implants are prone to failure. Moreover, due to problems such as torsion or shear force during chewing, the denture will also loosen or the alveolar bone will be damaged. In addition, after the artificial tooth root is implanted, it must take about six months of recovery time before the denture can be installed again. Yet another problem.

In addition, there is a U-shaped or saddle-shaped, covered-type artificial tooth root with a covered structure, or with auxiliary components such as lips (lip), flange (flange), and shoulders (shoulder), such as : U.S. Patent No. 5906489, 4702697, 5052930, 5513989, 3579829, 4121340, 4379694, 4531916, 5201736, 5759033, 5944526, 6287118 etc. disclosed in cases, although this kind of artificial tooth root has different coating or Auxiliary design, but the overall structure is focused on the issue of fixation, with foundation piles as the main force-bearing structure, the force-bearing part is concentrated under the foundation piles, and the area of foundation piles is limited, so the alveolar bone is stressed The area is not wide enough to distribute the force evenly, so there is still the problem of uneven force and easy damage.

Judging from the structure of most dentures currently on the market, because the pressure, torsion and shear forces on the dentures during occlusal cannot be smoothly transmitted and dispersed, a strong fixing method and fixing structure are necessary to Against it, therefore, the main structural emphasis of these prior art all focuses on how to firmly and stably fix the denture on the alveolar bone, and most of them are fixed on the looser spongy alveolar bone, while For the part that is not fixed on the relatively dense and hard alveolar cortical bone, in such a structure, no attention has been paid to the force during occlusal and the balance and average distribution of force.

Utility model content

The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a denture carrier with large supporting force, uniform stress and stability.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model fixes the denture carrier directly on the surface of the cortical bone of the alveolar bone. The denture carrier has a bearing part, the section of which is arc-shaped, thicker in the middle and gradually thinner toward both ends; the bearing part is provided with an engaging part protruding from the top surface for denture setting, and the engaging part is composed of at least one The upper narrow column and the lower wide column make the denture carrier form a mechanically conductive structure, and the bottom surface of the carrier is provided with a positioning part, which can be positioned on the cortical bone of the human alveolar bone.

The utility model - a denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, comprises:

A carrier has a bearing part, the bearing part has a top surface and a bottom surface, the top surface and the bottom surface protrude toward the same side, so that the cross section of the bearing part is arc-shaped, and the thickness in the middle is thicker and gradually increases towards the two ends. Thin, the concave arc portion on the bottom surface of the bearing part is used to match the curvature of the top surface of the alveolar bone and can straddle it. The bearing part is convexly provided with a joint part on the top surface. The upper part is narrow and the lower part is wide. The dentures can be placed on the junction, so that the denture carrier forms a mechanical conduction structure. Through this carrier with a mechanical conduction structure, the force of the denture is comprehensive and even. It is transmitted to every point on the cortical bone of the alveolar bone, and the force is carried by the surface instead of the point. The bottom surface of the carrier is provided with a positioning part, so that the carrier can be positioned on the cortical bone of the human body on the bone surface.

The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone further includes a bracket, which is arranged on the joint part corresponding to the shape of the carrier, the bracket has a base, and the cross section of the base is arc-shaped; and A seat is provided corresponding to the position of the carrier cylinder, and each seat is used for setting the denture. The bottom of each denture is provided with a recess in the shape of the seat so that the seat can be inserted into the recess correspondingly. in the hole.

In the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, the positioning part is composed of several positioning posts.

In the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, the end of the positioning post is relatively wide to form a clamping portion.

As for the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, the surface of the positioning post is provided with convex lines.

In the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, the positioning posts are respectively arranged on the bottom surface of the bearing part.

In the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, the positioning posts are arranged in groups of two on the bottom surface of the bearing part.

In the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, the positioning part is composed of several bolts.

In the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, the bolts are separated one by one and screwed on the bearing part respectively.

In the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, the bolts are screwed in groups of two on both sides of the bearing part.

In the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone, an elastic washer is arranged between the seat of the bracket and the cylinder of the joint part to provide proper elastic effect of the bracket.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model is to transmit the force of the denture during chewing through the upper narrow column and the lower wide column, gradually and evenly disperse and conduct downward, until the thickness is gradually thinned from the middle to the two sides of the arc. The bottom of the bearing part, this carrier structure has the mechanical support principle of "raft foundation" (Raft Foundation) in architecture, and every point on the entire cortical bone surface bears the force transmitted by the denture on average. The force is no longer concentrated in a single or limited peripheral area, but the force is comprehensively and evenly transmitted to every point on the surface of the cortical bone, supported by the surface instead of points, and the force is average and stable. Moreover, cortical bone has a high bone density, and its structure is relatively hard and dense, which can provide greater support.

In order to explain in detail the structure, features and effects of the present utility model, seven embodiments are given below and are described as follows in conjunction with the drawings:

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the first embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram after the installation of the first embodiment is completed;

Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the second embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram after the installation of the second embodiment is completed;

6 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram after the installation of the third embodiment is completed;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment after installation;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment after installation;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment after installation;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the seventh embodiment after installation.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, it is the first embodiment of the utility model, the denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone of the utility model includes:

A carrier 10 is arched in accordance with the shape of the upper or lower jaw of the human body, and has a bearing part 11. The bearing part has a top surface and a bottom surface, and the top surface and the bottom surface protrude toward the same side, so that the bearing part The cross-section of the bearing part is arc-shaped, and the thickness of the bearing part is gradually thinned from the middle of the arc to both sides, so that the cross-section is crescent-shaped. The curvature of the top surface of the bone enables the load-bearing part to sit on the alveolar bone completely. The bearing part is provided with a joint part 12 protruding in the middle of the top surface, and the joint part can be composed of one or more pillars with a narrow upper part and a wider lower part in accordance with whether the carrier is a single denture, multiple dentures or complete dentures. A positioning portion 13 is provided on the bottom surface of the carrier so that the carrier can be positioned on the alveolar bone. In this embodiment, the positioning part is formed by a plurality of positioning piles 14 protruding from the bottom surface of the bearing part. There are horizontal or vertical embosses 15, and the end of the positioning pile is relatively wide to form a clamping portion 16. The positioning stake can also be changed without a clamping portion 16 to have other frictional surfaces such as rings, points or teeth. structure.

A bracket 20 is arranged corresponding to the arch and curvature of the carrier, and has a base 21 whose cross-section is also arc-shaped, and a seat 22 is arranged on the base corresponding to each column of the carrier. Each of the sockets is provided with a denture 23, and the bottom of each of the dentures is provided with a recess 24 in the shape of the seat, so that the seat 22 can be inserted into the recess 24 one-to-one. When the bracket is sheathed on the carrier, there will be a gap between the base portion and the bearing portion for accommodating the gingiva 6 .

With the structure of the first embodiment of the present utility model, the carrier 10 is directly arranged on the alveolar bone 1 of the jaw, and in order to have a better bearing effect, at the same time in this embodiment, the bearing part is a cylinder. The two sides of the center extend to the tangent point between the arc surface of the alveolar bone and the side surface, so that the area for bearing the force can be maximized. However, if the alveolar bone has been severely atrophied, or the width of the alveolar bone is not enough, etc., the width of both sides can be appropriately adjusted depending on the height and stability of the column. Before the carrier is installed, several positioning holes 2 must be drilled at the predetermined positions of the alveolar bone. The depth of these positioning holes must be at a distance from the nerve groove 3 of the tooth, and then filled in so as to be biodegradable and biodegradable. Bone cement, or other similar material, replaced by autologous bone. The area of the foot of the positioning pile is relatively large, and the purpose is to produce a fixation effect after the bone cement is solidified and the bone cement is decomposed and replaced by autogenous bone, so that the positioning part 13 is not easy to loosen. After the carrier 10 is installed, the positioning piles 14 on the bottom surface of the bearing part 11 will be correspondingly fixed in the positioning holes 2, and the arc-shaped bottom surface of the bearing part is located above the alveolar bone 1. The gap between them will be filled with bone cement, so that the carrier can be completely attached to the concave-convex shape of the top surface of the alveolar bone, and the carrier can be fixed on the alveolar bone. After that, the bracket 20 can be sleeved on the carrier 10, and if necessary, bolts 25 can be added to traverse the bracket 20 and the bearing part 11 of the carrier to strengthen their combination, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 shows.

Different from the previous denture structure that focused on fixing, the carrier 10 of the present utility model fits closely with the surface of the alveolar bone 1 and straddles it. The upper narrow and lower wide cylinders are used to transmit the force downward, and the architectural design is adopted. The mechanical support principle of the above "raft foundation" is to carry the force transmitted from each stress point on the surface, and the mechanical transmission structure of the column and the carrier extends from the center point to both sides of the mechanical structure, so that the denture can withstand chewing. When the force is applied, the force can pass through the pillars on the bearing part, gradually and evenly disperse and transmit downwards. When the force is applied to the denture, it is no longer concentrated on a single or limited peripheral area, but the force is fully and evenly transmitted to every point of the cortical bone 4 of the alveolar bone, and the force is supported by the surface instead of the point , the force is average and the area is wide, so the carrier is stable and has a large bearing capacity, which can chew hard food, so that the denture can have the same function as normal teeth, and because the alveolar bone can withstand uniform and large area for a long time Stress and not easy to shrink.

Furthermore, because it is integrally formed, there will be no structural weakness in power transmission (the joint of parts is a structural weakness), which will not cause loss of power transmission, secondly, the structure is not easy to damage, and thirdly, it will not damage the overall structure The bonding force between the body and the alveolar bone (that is, it will not loosen). When occlusal, the bearing force of the denture does not fall on the spongy alveolar bone with a soft structure, but in the cortical bone with high bone density and a relatively hard and solid structure. Therefore, the bearing capacity of the denture is better. Also not easy to loosen. In addition, since the carrier straddles the hard cortical bone, even if the alveolar bone has been absorbed and atrophied to the extent that the width of the gums is not enough, or osteoporosis, the carrier can still be implanted as a denture. And because the setting method of the carrier of the utility model is different from the conventional dental implant, the time course of the whole medical treatment can be greatly shortened (about one week after the gums heal), and there is no need to wait another six months.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, it is the second embodiment of the present utility model, the main structure is mostly the same as the previous embodiment, the difference is that in the second embodiment, the positioning part 13 of the carrier 10 and the positioning pile 14 The installation method is to arrange the positioning piles in groups of two on the bottom surface of the bearing part 11 . Through the same installation and use method as the previous embodiment, when the denture is chewing and receiving force, the force can also pass through the pillars on the bearing part, and evenly disperse and conduct from top to bottom to achieve the same use effect .

As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, it is the third embodiment of the present utility model, the main structure is the same as the first embodiment, the difference is that the positioning pile on the bottom surface of the bearing part 11 is further provided with a bolt 25 to promote its fixed As a result, the setting of the bolt does not need to set one bolt relative to each cylinder. Taking a full-mouth denture as an example, three or five bolts can be set to improve the fixing effect.

As shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, it is the fourth embodiment of the present utility model, the main structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, the difference is that the positioning pile on the bottom surface of the bearing part 11 is further provided with a bolt 25, and the bolt is horizontally penetrated. The alveolar bone 1 and the two positioning posts 14 are used to enhance the effect of fixation.

As shown in Fig. 10, it is the fifth embodiment of the present utility model, the main structure is similar to the first embodiment, the difference is that the arc-shaped bottom surface of the bearing part 11 is not provided with positioning piles, but a bolt 25 is used as The positioning part 13 locks the bearing part 11 of the carrier 10 on the top surface of the cortical bone 4 of the alveolar bone 1 .

As shown in Figure 11, it is the sixth embodiment of the present utility model, which is the same as the previous embodiment, the arc-shaped bottom surface of the load-bearing part 11 is not provided with positioning piles, but the bolts 25 are screwed in pairs on the load-bearing part 11. The two sides of the part are used as the positioning part 13, and the bearing part 11 of the carrier is locked on the top surface of the cortical bone 4 of the alveolar bone 1.

Shown in Fig. 12, it is the seventh embodiment of the present utility model, and its main structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, the difference lies in the tops of the columns of the bearing part 11, and an elastic gasket 30 is set in addition to make the bracket When the bracket 20 fits on the joint portion 12 , the elastic washer 30 can be sandwiched between the seat 22 and the column to provide a proper elastic effect of the bracket 20 .

The above-mentioned embodiments may be somewhat different, but their basic essence is the same. They all use the structural characteristics of gradually increasing and widening to effectively conduct and disperse the force, so as to achieve average force, large and stable support force The purpose of a denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone.

Claims (11)

1. A denture carrier fixed on the alveolar bone surface, characterized in that it comprises: A carrier has a bearing part, the bearing part has a top surface and a bottom surface, the top surface and the bottom surface protrude toward the same side, so that the cross section of the bearing part is arc-shaped, and the thickness in the middle is thicker and gradually increases towards the two ends. Thin, the concave arc portion on the bottom surface of the bearing part is used to match the curvature of the top surface of the alveolar bone and straddle it. The bearing part is convexly provided with a joint part on the top surface. It is composed of a column with a narrow upper part and a wider lower part. The denture is provided on the junction, so that the denture carrier forms a mechanical conduction structure. Through this carrier with a mechanical conduction structure, the force of the denture is fully and evenly transmitted to the Each point on the cortical bone of the alveolar bone is loaded by a surface instead of a point, and a positioning part is provided on the bottom surface of the carrier, so that the carrier can be positioned on the surface of the cortical bone of the human alveolar bone. 2. The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 1, characterized in that: the denture carrier further comprises a bracket, which is arranged on the junction corresponding to the shape of the carrier, and the bracket has a base, The cross-section of the base is arc-shaped; and a seat is provided at a position corresponding to the carrier cylinder, and each seat is used for setting the denture, and each bottom of the denture is provided with a recess corresponding to the shape of the seat, The seat can be inserted into the recess correspondingly. 3. The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 1, wherein the positioning part is composed of a plurality of positioning posts. 4. The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 3, characterized in that: the end of the positioning post is relatively wide to form a clamping portion. 5. The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 3, characterized in that: the surface of the positioning post is provided with convex lines. 6 . The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 3 , wherein the positioning posts are respectively arranged on the bottom surface of the bearing part one by one. 7 . The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 3 , wherein the positioning posts are arranged in groups of two on the bottom surface of the bearing part. 8 . 8. The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 1, wherein the positioning part is composed of several bolts. 9 . The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 8 , wherein the bolts are separated one by one and screwed on the bearing portion respectively. 10 . 10 . The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 8 , wherein the bolts are screwed in groups of two on both sides of the bearing part. 11 . 11. The denture carrier fixed on the surface of the alveolar bone according to claim 2, characterized in that: an elastic gasket is arranged between the seat of the bracket and the cylinder of the joint part to provide proper elasticity of the bracket Effect.

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