CN201013446Y - hybrid engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power engine and aims to provide a pneumatic-fuel/gas hybrid engine. The engine includes at least one cylinder, and cylinder intake valve, exhaust gas exhaust valve, exhaust gas exhaust valve and ignition device are arranged on the cylinder; the compressed air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the cylinder intake valve; the compressed air inlet of the heat exchanger It is connected to the compressed air storage tank through the gas pipeline, and a decompression device is provided on the gas pipeline; the exhaust gas inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the exhaust gas exhaust valve; the fuel storage tank is connected to the ignition device of the cylinder through the fuel delivery pipeline; the heat exchange The exhaust gas outlet of the device and the exhaust valve of the cylinder are respectively communicated with the atmosphere. The engine adopts the same cylinder of pneumatic and internal combustion to do work, which can solve the shortcomings of both pneumatic and internal combustion, effectively utilize the inevitable energy loss of each, improve economic performance, and has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

Description

hybrid engine

technical field

The utility model relates to a power engine, more specifically, the utility model relates to a pneumatic-fuel/gas hybrid engine.

Background technique

The combustion of oil/gas in internal combustion engines creates emission pollution and is under pressure from an energy crisis. Pneumatic motors have a wide range of energy sources and are zero-polluting to the environment. However, due to the influence of mechanisms, the pneumatic motors have insufficient power and low efficiency.

The "air-powered vehicle" disclosed in Chinese patent [99116190] proposes a hybrid of pneumatic and internal combustion or electric power, but the compressed air working cylinder of the hybrid engine in this patent is an independent cylinder, and it is only used when the compressed air power is inconvenient to use Internal combustion or electric power. The Chinese patent "compressed air-fuel/gas hybrid vehicle engine" (ZL02111984.8) also proposes the mixing of compressed air and fuel/gas, but the work done by the compressed air and the work done by fuel/gas in this patent are two cylinders respectively.

The above hybrid engine patents all have the following problems: not only are at least two or more cylinders arranged structurally, but also the respective auxiliary structures of the pneumatic engine and the internal combustion engine or the electric motor must be possessed. It also has the following problems that make it difficult to go further into practical use.

Problems existing in the work of a single cylinder of an internal combustion engine:

1. Serious energy loss

The high temperature generated during the combustion of the internal combustion engine will cause the overheating of the parts. In order to ensure the normal operation of the parts, the internal combustion engine is equipped with a cooling system. On the one hand, the cooling system maintains the temperature range for the normal operation of components, and on the other hand, it also takes away a lot of heat, resulting in energy waste. 1/3 of the energy generated by fuel combustion is taken away by cooling water.

2. Structures such as the piston in the cylinder cannot be cooled

Although the cooling system will reduce the temperature of the cylinder wall, it is still difficult to cool the piston assembly and the inner wall of the cylinder, which not only keeps the piston assembly at high temperature for a long time, but also causes surface ignition, deflagration and other consequences.

3. The combustion chamber is too high

After the exhaust of the internal combustion engine is completed, the temperature in the cylinder is still very high. Excessively high temperature will affect the charging efficiency. Insufficient air will lead to insufficient combustion, which not only wastes energy but also causes serious pollution to the environment.

4. The problem of residual exhaust gas

At the end of the exhaust of the internal combustion engine, due to the influence of the clearance volume, some exhaust gas remains in the cylinder, which will have an adverse effect on the combustion of the next cycle.

There are the following problems in the work performed by a single cylinder of a pneumatic engine:

1. The problem of exhaustion and waste

The lack of air after the pneumatic engine has done work also has a certain pressure and is of value for use. If it is directly discharged into the atmosphere, it will cause waste.

2. The heat transfer efficiency of expansion is low

If the pneumatic engine expands when doing work, if it absorbs heat from the outside, it can increase the output power. However, the structures of the above two patents have the problem of low heat exchange efficiency. The heat obtained is negligible, and the waste heat generated by the combustion of the internal combustion engine cannot be fully utilized.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a pneumatic and fuel/gas working cylinder as the same cylinder, while using compressed air and fuel/gas as the power source, and compressed air or fuel can also be used alone / Gas as power source.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The utility model provides a hybrid engine, comprising at least one cylinder 13, the cylinder 13 has a structure of a piston 10 and a connecting rod 11, and the cylinder 13 is provided with a cylinder intake valve 6, a exhaust gas exhaust valve 7, and an exhaust gas exhaust valve. The door 8 and the ignition device 9; the compressed air outlet of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with the cylinder intake valve 6; The decompression device 3; the exhaust gas inlet of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with the exhaust gas exhaust valve 8; the fuel storage tank 4 is connected with the ignition device 9 of the cylinder 13 through the fuel delivery pipeline 5; the exhaust gas outlet of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with the exhaust gas of the cylinder The exhaust valves 7 communicate with the atmosphere respectively.

As an improvement of the present utility model, the ignition device 9 is one of a gas ignition device or an oil injection ignition device.

As an improvement of the present utility model, a switching valve 14 communicating with the atmosphere is provided on the air pipe 2 between the decompression device 3 and the compressed air inlet of the heat exchanger 12 .

As an improvement of the utility model, the exhaust valve 7 and the ignition device 9 are respectively connected to a control device through a signal line.

As an improvement of the utility model, the cylinder intake valve 6 and exhaust gas exhaust valve 8 are respectively connected to the crankshaft through a transmission mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

This kind of engine adopts pneumatic and internal combustion to work in the same cylinder, which can solve the shortcomings of pneumatic and internal combustion, effectively utilize the inevitable loss energy of each, improve economic performance, and the structure is simple and easy to realize.

(1) Parts in the internal combustion cylinder: Cold compressed air entering the cylinder can directly cool the top of the piston and the cylinder wall, and gradually cool the parts that are difficult to cool in the internal combustion cylinder during the subsequent expansion work and exhaust process.

(2) Residue of internal combustion exhaust gas: the pressure of compressed air is far greater than the pressure of exhaust gas in the cylinder after the exhaust gas is exhausted, so the entry of compressed air is enough to expel the residual exhaust gas in the cylinder out of the cylinder.

(3) Internal combustion air intake: The air for internal combustion comes from exhaust gas, and the quality of exhaust gas left in the cylinder can be controlled by the controllable exhaust valve to ensure sufficient air for internal combustion.

(4) Pneumatic engine exhaustion: The exhaustion of pneumatic engine work will be directly discharged into the atmosphere, which will cause waste. The utility model uses a part of the exhaust gas as the compressed air required for fuel oil/gas combustion, and effectively utilizes a part of the energy.

The utility model converts the disadvantages of the two into favorable factors. After the internal combustion exhaust is completed, the temperature of the cylinder wall and the piston top is still high. These parts can be gradually cooled, on the one hand to ensure the temperature of the parts, on the other hand, the expansion work absorbs part of the heat, and also improves the output work.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a hybrid engine;

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the driving mechanism of the cylinder intake valve, exhaust gas exhaust valve and waste gas exhaust valve;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the control of the exhaust valve and the fuel injection ignition device.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

The composition of the hybrid engine in this embodiment is shown in Figure 1. The engine has a cylinder 13, the cylinder 13 has a piston 10 and a connecting rod 11 structure, and the cylinder 13 is provided with a cylinder intake valve 6, a exhaust gas exhaust valve 7, and an exhaust gas exhaust valve. Air valve 8 and ignition device 9; the compressed air outlet of heat exchanger 12 is connected with cylinder intake valve 6; the compressed air inlet of heat exchanger 12 is connected with compressed air storage tank 1 through air pipe 2, There is a decompression device 3; the waste gas inlet of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with the waste gas exhaust valve 8; the fuel storage tank 4 is connected with the ignition device 9 of the cylinder 13 through the fuel delivery pipeline 5; the waste gas outlet of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with the cylinder The exhaust gas exhaust valves 7 communicate with the atmosphere respectively. On the air pipe 2 between the decompression device 3 and the compressed air inlet of the heat exchanger 12, a switching valve 14 communicating with the atmosphere is also provided.

Cylinder intake valve 6 and exhaust gas exhaust valve 8 are respectively connected with the crankshaft through cams or other transmission mechanisms. The exhaust valve 7 and the ignition device 9 are respectively connected to a control device 15 through signal lines.

The ignition device 9 is selected according to the properties of the fuel provided in the fuel storage tank 4, and may be one of a gas ignition device or an oil injection ignition device.

The operating mode of the hybrid engine in the present embodiment is as follows:

Working condition one:

During the pre-expansion process, the compressed air passes through the air delivery pipe 2 from the air storage tank 1, and exchanges heat with the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust valve 8 through the heat exchanger 12. After being heated, at the top dead center position of the piston, the cylinder Intake valve 6 is opened, enters in the cylinder, and inflation is finished. After the intake valve 6 of the cylinder is closed, the compressed air pushes the piston 10 to drive the connecting rod 11 to do work, decompresses and absorbs heat, and the parts in the cylinder are cooled;

After the piston 10 moves to the bottom dead center position, the exhaust valve 7 opens, and the expanded air is gradually discharged out of the cylinder. When the piston 10 moves up to the set position, a certain amount of exhaust gas remains in the cylinder. 7 is closed, the piston 10 moves up to the top dead center position;

The fuel oil/gas in the fuel storage tank 4 passes through the delivery pipeline 5, and is sprayed into the cylinder by the ignition device 9 to ignite, and the fuel burns to perform work until the piston 10 moves to the bottom dead center position;

The waste gas exhaust valve 8 is opened, the combustion waste gas is discharged to the heat exchanger 12, and the high temperature waste gas exchanges heat with the pre-expanded compressed air through the heat exchanger 12.

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the driving mechanism of the cylinder intake valve, exhaust gas exhaust valve and waste gas exhaust valve; the opening and closing times of the cylinder intake valve 6 and exhaust gas exhaust valve 8 in Figure 2 are fixed, and they are different from traditional engines Similarly, the cam mechanism can be driven by the crankshaft to carry out the intake and exhaust of the cam. The closing time of the exhaust valve 7 should be adjusted according to the working conditions. When the load increases, the closing time of the exhaust valve 7 will be earlier, and there will be more exhaust gas in the cylinder, and the fuel injected into the cylinder should also be adjusted. increase, thereby increasing the output work of the engine, and vice versa.

In Fig. 3, the sensor inputs the detected load adjustment signal into the control device 15, and the control device 15 uses the controller ECM to output the signal after calculation to control the action of the exhaust valve 7 and the ignition device 9. The controller ECM can choose MC9S12DP256 chip produced by Freescale Company, and the programming environment can use Codewarrior software of Metrowerks Company.

Working condition two:

When the fuel is insufficient or the load is low, only compressed air can be used for work. After the compressed air is pre-expanded from the air tank 1 through the air delivery pipe 2, at the top dead center position of the piston, the intake valve 6 of the cylinder opens and enters the cylinder, and the inflation is completed; after the intake valve 6 of the cylinder is closed, the compressed air pushes The piston 10 and the connecting rod 11 do work until the piston 10 moves to the bottom dead center position; the exhaust gas exhaust valve 7 opens, and the expanded air is gradually discharged out of the cylinder, and at the top dead center position of the piston 10, the exhaust gas exhaust valve 7 closes ; Thereafter, the engine idles at a crankshaft angle of 360° and does not perform work until the next cycle begins.

Working condition three:

When the compressed air is insufficient, it can directly take in air from the atmospheric environment. At this time, the switching valve 14 connected to the atmosphere provided on the air pipe 2 between the decompression device 3 and the compressed air inlet of the heat exchanger 12 is opened, and the Exhaust valve 7 is fully closed throughout the cycle. Like a traditional internal combustion engine, it goes through the four strokes of intake, compression, power and exhaust.

Apparently, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All deformations that a person skilled in the art can derive or associate directly from the content disclosed in the utility model shall be considered as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. hybrid power engine, comprise at least one cylinder (13), cylinder (13) has piston (10) and connecting rod (11) structure, it is characterized in that, cylinder intake valve (6), weary gas exhaust valve (7), exhausting waste gas door (8) and ignition mechanism (9) are set on the described cylinder (13); The compressed air outlet of heat exchanger (12) links to each other with cylinder intake valve (6); The compressed air inlet of heat exchanger (12) links to each other with compressed air reservoir (1) through pneumatic tube (2), is provided with decompressor (3) on pneumatic tube (2); The exhaust gas entrance of heat exchanger (12) links to each other with exhausting waste gas door (8); Fuel reservoir (4) links to each other with the ignition mechanism (9) of cylinder (13) through fuel pump deliver line (5); The weary gas exhaust valve (7) of the waste gas outlet of heat exchanger (12) and cylinder communicates with atmosphere respectively.

2. hybrid power engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described ignition mechanism (9) is that gas ignition device or oil ignition device are wherein a kind of.

3. hybrid power engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described decompressor (3) is provided with a changing valve that communicates with atmosphere (14) with pneumatic tube (2) between heat exchanger (12) compressed air inlet.

4. hybrid power engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described weary gas exhaust valve (7) connects a control gear by signaling line.

5. hybrid power engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described intake valve (6) links to each other with bent axle by driving mechanism respectively with exhausting waste gas door (8).

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