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CN201014208Y - Finished oil pipeline leakage control device - Google Patents

Finished oil pipeline leakage control device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201014208Y
CN201014208Y CNU2006201587343U CN200620158734U CN201014208Y CN 201014208 Y CN201014208 Y CN 201014208Y CN U2006201587343 U CNU2006201587343 U CN U2006201587343U CN 200620158734 U CN200620158734 U CN 200620158734U CN 201014208 Y CN201014208 Y CN 201014208Y
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oil
hydraulic
swing arm
explosion
support
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孙盛
郝建斌
冼国栋
李建廷
王强
赵明华
苏灵波
常维纯
李广良
陈峰华
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a pipeline leakage control device of implementing control after the finished product oil pipe way leaks. The device consists of a crawler traveling system [4], an execution system, an obstacle clearing support system [8], an oil leakage recovery device [1], a cable take-up and pay-off system [10], a support platform system [9], a hydraulic system [6], an electrical control system [7], a remote control system [11] and a monitoring system [5], wherein the crawler traveling system [4] is positioned below the support platform system [9], and the hydraulic system [6], the electrical control system [7], the cable take-up and pay-off system [10], the oil leakage recovery device [1], the obstacle clearing support system [8] and the execution system are sequentially arranged above the support platform system [9 ]; the hydraulic system [6] is connected with a cable of the cable pay-off and take-up system [10 ]; the control signal of the remote control system [11] is transmitted to an electrical control system [7] which controls the hydraulic system [6], the crawler traveling system [4], the small movable arm [2], the large movable arm [3] and the leaked oil recovery device [1], and the signal of the monitoring system [5] is transmitted to the remote control system [11] through a cable of the cable take-up and pay-off system [10 ].

Description

一种成品油管道泄漏控制装置 A product oil pipeline leakage control device

技术领域 technical field

本实用新型是成品油管道泄漏后实施控制的一种管道泄漏控制装置。涉及管道系统技术领域。The utility model relates to a pipeline leakage control device for controlling after leakage of a product oil pipeline. It relates to the technical field of piping systems.

背景技术 Background technique

泄漏控制是防止事故扩大,减少事故损失的重要手段。成品油管道一旦发生泄漏后,即便这时采取停输并关闭泄漏点上下游的线路截断阀,但由于输油管线并不在一个水平面上,泄漏点只要不在被截断管段的最高点,就会有高程差,泄漏点就会因压差的静压而向外喷油。当静压达到一定程度,就会冲开土层喷向空中,这种情况是常有的。结果是既浪费,又污染环境,后果极其严重。而这种情况一旦发生,按目前的技术,抢修人员不但无法靠近喷射处,且因喷射压力大,用人工的力量更是无法扣罩引流罩,当然更谈不上封堵了,只好让油喷完再抢修。随着长输管道的压力不断提高和企业、社会对环保的重视,在管道泄漏后抢修设备配置和施工技术方面尚有许多可待提高的地方,尤其是对于压力高、环境险、社会依托差的成品油管道来讲,选用合适的施工机具和科学的施工技术,显得尤为重要。事实上,尽管我们谁也不愿意看到成品油管道发生泄漏,可往往是避免不了的,这就给我们提出一个彻底解决发生泄漏后的抢修技术课题。Leakage control is an important means to prevent accidents from expanding and reduce accident losses. Once a product oil pipeline leaks, even if it is necessary to stop the transmission and close the line shutoff valves upstream and downstream of the leak point, since the oil pipeline is not on the same level, as long as the leak point is not at the highest point of the cut off pipeline section, there will be an elevation If there is a difference, the leak point will spray oil outward due to the static pressure of the pressure difference. When the static pressure reaches a certain level, it will break through the soil layer and spray into the air, which is often the case. The result is not only waste, but also pollute the environment, the consequences are extremely serious. And once this happens, according to the current technology, not only will the emergency repair personnel not be able to get close to the injection site, but also because of the high injection pressure, it is impossible to cover the drainage cover with manual force, let alone block it, so they have to let the oil Repair after spraying. As the pressure on long-distance pipelines continues to increase and enterprises and society attach importance to environmental protection, there are still many areas to be improved in terms of emergency repair equipment configuration and construction technology after pipeline leakage, especially for high pressure, environmental risks, and poor social support. For refined oil pipelines, it is particularly important to select appropriate construction equipment and scientific construction techniques. In fact, although none of us would like to see oil product pipelines leaking, it is often unavoidable. This presents us with a technical issue of emergency repair after a leak occurs.

本实用新型内容Contents of this utility model

本实用新型的目的是设计一种成品油管道泄漏后能有效、可靠、安全实施控制的一种成品油管道泄漏控制装置。The purpose of the utility model is to design a leakage control device of a product oil pipeline which can effectively, reliably and safely control the leakage of the product oil pipeline.

本实用新型的构成如图1所示,它由履带行走系统4、执行系统、清障支撑系统8、漏油回收装置1、电缆收放线系统10、支撑平台系统9、液压系统6、电气控制系统7、遥控系统11、监视系统5组成。行走系统4位于支撑平台系统9下方,支撑平台系统9上方依次为液压系统6、电气控制系统7、电缆收放系统10、漏油回收装置1、清障支撑系统8和由小动臂2、大动臂3组成的执行系统。液压系统6的电动机与电缆收放系统10携带的电缆连接,遥控系统11发出的控制信号无线传输至电气控制系统7,电气控制系统7的输出信号对液压系统6、履带行走系统4、小动臂2、大动臂3及漏油回收装置1的动作进行控制;监视系统5发出的信号通过电缆收放线系统10携带的电缆传输到遥控系统11。监视系统5通过遥控系统11实现道路、泄漏点周围的环境监测和泄漏点的喷射情况监视,指导远控操作。清障支撑系统8实现设备行走过程中的清障和维抢作业过程中的支撑。支撑平台系统9用于整套设备的支撑、重心调整和平衡。电缆收放线系统10实现动力电缆的自动收放。整套装置具有防爆性能。The structure of the utility model is shown in Figure 1, which consists of a crawler walking system 4, an execution system, an obstacle removal support system 8, an oil spill recovery device 1, a cable retracting and releasing system 10, a supporting platform system 9, a hydraulic system 6, an electrical The control system 7, the remote control system 11, and the monitoring system 5 are composed. The walking system 4 is located below the support platform system 9, and the top of the support platform system 9 is the hydraulic system 6, the electrical control system 7, the cable retractable system 10, the oil spill recovery device 1, the obstacle removal support system 8 and the small boom 2, The execution system composed of large boom 3. The motor of the hydraulic system 6 is connected to the cable carried by the cable retractable system 10, and the control signal sent by the remote control system 11 is wirelessly transmitted to the electrical control system 7, and the output signal of the electrical control system 7 is used for the hydraulic system 6, the crawler walking system 4, and the small motor. The actions of the arm 2, the large boom 3 and the oil spill recovery device 1 are controlled; the signal sent by the monitoring system 5 is transmitted to the remote control system 11 through the cable carried by the cable retracting and releasing system 10. The monitoring system 5 realizes the environmental monitoring of the road and the surroundings of the leakage point and the monitoring of the injection situation of the leakage point through the remote control system 11, and guides the remote control operation. The obstacle removal support system 8 realizes the obstacle removal during the walking process of the equipment and the support during the maintenance and looting operation. The support platform system 9 is used for the support, center of gravity adjustment and balance of the whole set of equipment. The cable retracting and unwinding system 10 realizes the automatic retracting and unwinding of power cables. The whole device has explosion-proof performance.

其中所述履带行走系统4(见图4、图5)由车架(底盘部件)、橡胶履带20、托链轮装置17、支重轮装置18、张紧装置16、驱动轮装置19和行走马达组成,长方体形车架的两侧各装一驱动轮装置19,两条橡胶履带20各绕过驱动轮装置19经支重轮装置18、张紧装置16、托链轮装置17成闭环带。Wherein said crawler belt traveling system 4 (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5) is made up of vehicle frame (chassis part), rubber track 20, carrier sprocket device 17, roller device 18, tensioning device 16, driving wheel device 19 and walking Composed of motors, a driving wheel device 19 is installed on both sides of the rectangular parallelepiped frame, and two rubber crawlers 20 each bypass the driving wheel device 19 and form a closed-loop belt through the roller device 18, the tensioning device 16, and the supporting sprocket device 17. .

所述支撑平台系统9(见图2、图3)由车体平台、配重组成,配重置于车体平台的后部。Described supporting platform system 9 (seeing Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made up of car body platform, counterweight, and counterweight is reset at the rear portion of car body platform.

所述清障支撑系统8(见图6)由挡泥板支架22、清障支撑油缸23、油缸挡泥板21组成,两个挡泥板支架22和油缸挡泥板21固连成“∏”形,油缸挡泥板21中间安装有清障支撑油缸23,油缸挡泥板21为铲状推土板,两挡泥板支架22和清障支撑油缸23的另一端均与车体平台前部铰链连接。Described obstacle removal support system 8 (see Fig. 6) is made up of fender bracket 22, obstacle removal support oil cylinder 23, oil cylinder fender 21, and two fender brackets 22 and oil cylinder fender 21 are fixedly connected into "∏ In the middle of the oil cylinder fender 21, a barrier-removing support cylinder 23 is installed, and the oil cylinder fender 21 is a shovel-shaped bulldozer. hinge connection.

所述漏油回收装置1(见图9)包括收油管支架部件24、收油管25、收油罩35、防护爪36、针状尖峰37、油液收集管39和连接加强部件38,锥形直筒状收油罩35的细端接油液收集管39,油液收集管39接由收油管支架部件24固定的收油管25,粗口周边间隔安装多个防护爪36,防护爪36之间密布针状尖峰37,收油罩35外周固连有连接加强部件38。The oil leakage recovery device 1 (see FIG. 9 ) includes an oil collection pipe bracket part 24, an oil collection pipe 25, an oil collection cover 35, a protective claw 36, a needle-like peak 37, an oil collection pipe 39 and a connection reinforcement part 38, which is tapered The thin end of the straight cylindrical oil collection cover 35 is connected to the oil collection pipe 39, and the oil collection pipe 39 is connected to the oil collection pipe 25 fixed by the oil collection pipe bracket part 24, and a plurality of protective claws 36 are installed at intervals around the thick mouth, and the protective claws 36 are densely distributed The needle-shaped spikes 37 and the outer periphery of the oil collection cover 35 are fixedly connected with a connection strengthening part 38 .

漏油回收装置1是整个装置的关键部件,它的结构既要考虑收油效率,又要考虑强度和防爆性。收油效率是指,充分利用油液的喷射能量,尽量多的收集喷射泄漏出的油液;收集不起来的油液,应尽量减少其雾化程度。漏油回收装置1工作时,是装置与喷射油流最接近的部分,高速喷射的油液所带静电最容易对收油器放电,漏油回收装置1的设计应避免在接近喷射油流时产生火花放电。同时,在漏油回收装置1接近喷射口时,极有可能和地面的硬物发生碰撞,因此在选择材料时,应选择能够避免产生碰撞火花的软金属材料。其中防护爪36有两种作用,一是保护针状尖峰37,当漏油回收装置1接触地面时,保护针状尖峰37不被损坏;二是保护漏油回收装置1下端没有导引出的油液缓冲槽不被损坏。针状尖峰37的设计是考虑当高速喷射的带静电油流对漏油回收装置1放电时,避免产生火花放电。多个针状尖峰37可以分散静电放电的能量,使放电形式控制在电晕放电的形式范围内。The oil spill recovery device 1 is a key part of the whole device, and its structure should consider both the oil collection efficiency and the strength and explosion-proof performance. The oil collection efficiency refers to making full use of the injection energy of the oil to collect as much oil as possible from the injection; for the oil that cannot be collected, the degree of atomization should be reduced as much as possible. When the oil leakage recovery device 1 is working, it is the closest part of the device to the sprayed oil stream. The static electricity carried by the high-speed sprayed oil is most likely to discharge the oil collector. The design of the oil spill recovery device 1 should avoid the A spark discharge is generated. At the same time, when the oil spill recovery device 1 approaches the injection port, it is very likely to collide with hard objects on the ground, so when selecting materials, soft metal materials that can avoid collision sparks should be selected. Wherein the protective claw 36 has two functions, one is to protect the needle-like peak 37, when the oil leakage recovery device 1 touches the ground, the protection needle-shaped peak 37 is not damaged; The oil surge tank is not damaged. The design of the needle-shaped peak 37 is to avoid spark discharge when the high-speed sprayed electrostatic oil flow discharges the oil leakage recovery device 1 . The multiple needle-shaped peaks 37 can disperse the energy of the electrostatic discharge, so that the form of the discharge can be controlled within the range of the form of the corona discharge.

所述执行系统(见图7、图8)包括小动臂2、大动臂3、大动臂液压缸部件34、小动臂液压缸部件30、收油器液压油缸33、连杆体部件31组成,大动臂液压缸部件34上端与整体弯动臂结构形式的大动臂3弯曲部铰连,大动臂液压缸部件34下端和大动臂3根部分别与车体平台铰连,大动臂3与整体式结构形式小动臂2铰链连结,The execution system (see Fig. 7 and Fig. 8) includes small boom 2, big boom 3, big boom hydraulic cylinder part 34, small boom hydraulic cylinder part 30, oil receiver hydraulic cylinder 33, connecting rod body part 31, the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder part 34 of the large boom is hinged with the curved part of the large boom 3 in the form of an integral curved boom structure, the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder part 34 of the large boom and the roots of the 3 large booms are respectively hinged with the vehicle body platform, The big boom 3 is hingedly connected with the small boom 2 of integral structure,

小动臂2另一端与收油器铰链连结,大动臂3弯曲部前上方与小动臂2尾端之间安装有小动臂液压缸部件30,小动臂2中上部与摇杆32之间连有收油器液压油缸33,摇杆32与漏油回收装置1的连接加强部件38铰链连接。The other end of the small boom 2 is hinged to the oil collector. A small boom hydraulic cylinder part 30 is installed between the upper front of the curved part of the big boom 3 and the tail end of the small boom 2. The upper middle part of the small boom 2 is connected to the rocker 32 An oil collector hydraulic cylinder 33 is connected between them, and the rocker 32 is hingedly connected with the connection reinforcement part 38 of the oil leakage recovery device 1 .

所述电缆收放线系统10(见图1、图2)包括电缆卷筒和电缆卷筒驱动防爆电机12。The cable take-up and pay-off system 10 (see FIGS. 1 and 2 ) includes a cable reel and an explosion-proof motor 12 for driving the cable reel.

泄漏控制装置的动力虽然可有燃油发动机、交流电动机和直流电动机几种形式,但燃油发动机虽比较适合行走设备,而防爆性能解决起来比较困难;蓄电池带直流电动机,因本装置功率较大,蓄电池的容量和安装空间受到限制。综合比较,以选用防爆交流电动机做装置的动力为宜。防爆交流电动机依靠动力电缆输送能量,动力电缆的收放就成为装置遥控行走距离的瓶颈问题。Although the power of the leakage control device can have several forms of fuel engine, AC motor and DC motor, although the fuel engine is more suitable for walking equipment, it is difficult to solve the explosion-proof performance; The capacity and installation space are limited. Comprehensive comparison, it is appropriate to choose explosion-proof AC motor as the power of the device. Explosion-proof AC motors rely on power cables to transmit energy, and the retraction and retraction of the power cables has become a bottleneck problem in the remote control walking distance of the device.

电缆的收放可通过电缆卷筒来实现。一般电缆卷筒安放位置有两个方案:一是放在发电车附近;二是放在行走装置上。方案一的优点是减小了行走装置的重量和整体尺寸,电缆卷筒可以不具备防爆性能。但存在不可避免的两个缺点:①随着行走装置的运动,电缆自始至终拖在地上,电缆磨损严重;②电缆一直处于张紧状态,当装置在弯路上转弯后,山脚、树木会使电缆形成拐点,拐点增加后,会大大增加电缆的拉力和电缆与拐点的摩擦力,增加电缆损坏的可能性。因此,本发明选用方案二。选用由防爆电机12驱动的防爆型电缆卷筒,把它安装在行走装置上。装置前行时自动放线,装置后退时自动收线。当然,收放线的速度要与装置的行走速度相匹配。The retracting and unwinding of the cable can be realized by the cable reel. Generally, there are two options for placing the cable reel: one is to place it near the generator car; the other is to place it on the running gear. The advantage of option one is that the weight and overall size of the traveling device are reduced, and the cable reel may not have explosion-proof performance. But there are two unavoidable shortcomings: ① With the movement of the walking device, the cable is dragged on the ground from beginning to end, and the cable is severely worn; ② The cable is always in a state of tension. Inflection point, when the inflection point is increased, the pulling force of the cable and the friction between the cable and the inflection point will be greatly increased, increasing the possibility of cable damage. Therefore, the present invention selects option two. Select the explosion-proof cable reel driven by the explosion-proof motor 12 for use, and install it on the traveling gear. Automatically pays off the line when the device moves forward, and automatically takes up the line when the device moves backward. Of course, the speed of the take-up and pay-off line will match the walking speed of the device.

所述液压系统6(见图10)包括两液压泵、两液压马达、大动臂液压缸部件34、小动臂液压缸部件30、收油器液压油缸33、清障支撑油缸23、左右行走系统及若干电磁换向阀、单向节流阀、液控换向阀、吸油单向阀、溢流阀、三位四通换向阀,大动臂液压缸部件34、小动臂液压缸部件30、收油器液压油缸33、清障支撑油缸23各由一只三位四通换向阀控制;左右行走系统为双液压泵供油回路,采用性能参数完全相同的双联液压泵和性能参数完全相同的两个行走液压马达,一个泵单独为一个液压马达供油。The hydraulic system 6 (see FIG. 10 ) includes two hydraulic pumps, two hydraulic motors, a large boom hydraulic cylinder part 34, a small boom hydraulic cylinder part 30, an oil receiver hydraulic cylinder 33, an obstacle removal support cylinder 23, and a left and right walking System and a number of electromagnetic reversing valves, one-way throttle valves, hydraulic control reversing valves, oil suction check valves, overflow valves, three-position four-way reversing valves, large boom hydraulic cylinder parts 34, and small boom hydraulic cylinders Component 30, oil collector hydraulic cylinder 33, and obstacle-clearing support cylinder 23 are each controlled by a three-position four-way reversing valve; Two traveling hydraulic motors with identical performance parameters, one pump supplies oil to one hydraulic motor independently.

为了转弯方便,在回路中分别设置了并联的节流阀和两位两通电磁换向阀。For the convenience of turning, a parallel throttle valve and a two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively set up in the circuit.

1).直线行走1). Walk in a straight line

液压系统6的同步,尤其是小流量液压系统6的同步,用一个液压泵供油是比较难以实现的。考虑到装置在行走过程中,由于道路原因需要转弯,设计了双液压泵供油回路,选用性能参数完全相同的双联液压齿轮泵和性能参数完全相同的两个行走液压马达,一个齿轮泵单独为一个液压马达供油,同时在回路中分别设计了节流阀和两位两通电磁换向阀的并联回路。装置正常行走时,两位两通电磁换向阀的电磁铁DT11、DT12不通电,液压泵打出的液压油全部直接供给液压马达,两个马达转速相同,装置沿直线行走。The synchronization of the hydraulic system 6, especially the synchronization of the small flow hydraulic system 6, is relatively difficult to realize with a hydraulic pump for oil supply. Considering that the device needs to turn due to road reasons during the walking process, a double hydraulic pump oil supply circuit is designed, and a double hydraulic gear pump with identical performance parameters and two walking hydraulic motors with identical performance parameters are selected. One gear pump is used independently. It supplies oil to a hydraulic motor, and at the same time, a parallel circuit of a throttle valve and a two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve is designed in the circuit. When the device is running normally, the electromagnets DT11 and DT12 of the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve are not energized, and all the hydraulic oil pumped out by the hydraulic pump is directly supplied to the hydraulic motor. The two motors rotate at the same speed, and the device moves along a straight line.

2).行走过程中转弯2).Turning while walking

当装置需要左转弯时,左马达供油回路中的两位两通电磁换向阀的电磁铁DT11通电,无阻力供油回路断开,液压油只能流经节流阀进入马达,液压阻力增大,一部分液压油通过液压泵出口的电磁卸荷溢流阀流回油箱。使得左马达转速降低,右马达原速行走,实现装置左转弯。When the device needs to turn left, the electromagnet DT11 of the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve in the oil supply circuit of the left motor is energized, and the non-resistance oil supply circuit is disconnected, and the hydraulic oil can only flow through the throttle valve to enter the motor without hydraulic resistance. Increase, a part of the hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank through the electromagnetic unloading overflow valve at the outlet of the hydraulic pump. The rotation speed of the left motor is reduced, and the right motor moves at the original speed, so that the device turns left.

当装置需要右转弯时,右马达供油回路的两位两通电磁换向阀的电磁铁DT12通电,无阻力供油回路断开,液压油只能流经与此电磁阀并联的节流阀进入马达,通过右驱动马达减速实现装置右转弯。When the device needs to turn right, the electromagnet DT12 of the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve of the right motor oil supply circuit is energized, and the non-resistance oil supply circuit is disconnected, and the hydraulic oil can only flow through the throttle valve connected in parallel with this solenoid valve Enter the motor, and realize the right turn of the device by decelerating the right drive motor.

转弯半径可以通过调节左右两个节流阀的开口量大小来调节,节流阀开口量越小,转弯半径就越小。The turning radius can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the left and right throttle valves. The smaller the opening of the throttle valve, the smaller the turning radius.

3).绕履带转弯3). Turn around the track

当装置在行走过程中由于道路原因,或找管定位过程中,需要装置拐急弯时,可以通过左右两路的三位四通电磁换向阀实现。When the device needs to make a sharp turn due to road reasons or in the process of finding the pipe during the walking process, it can be realized by the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve on the left and right.

例如:当需要装置绕左履带转弯时,使液压阀电磁铁DT13、DT14断电,左马达停止转动;使电磁铁DT15或DT16通电,电磁铁DT15通电时,右马达正转,装置绕左履带向前逆时针转弯;电磁铁DT16通电时,右马达反转,装置绕左履带顺时针向后转弯。For example: when it is necessary for the device to turn around the left track, the hydraulic valve electromagnets DT13 and DT14 are powered off, and the left motor stops rotating; the electromagnet DT15 or DT16 is powered on, and when the electromagnet DT15 is powered on, the right motor rotates forward, and the device goes around the left track Turn forward counterclockwise; when the electromagnet DT16 is energized, the right motor reverses, and the device turns clockwise around the left track.

4).绕装置中心转弯4). Turn around the center of the device

当装置接近泄漏油喷射口,需要就地调整装置的方位角度时,有时需要绕装置中心就地旋转。可以通过左右两路的三位四通电磁换向阀相互配合,使一路前进、另一路后退,实现就地旋转。如液压阀电磁铁DT13通电,左马达正转;液压阀电磁铁DT16通电,右马达反转;实现泄漏控制装置绕中心顺时针旋转。而液压阀电磁铁DT14通电,左马达反转;液压阀电磁铁DT15通电,右马达正转;实现泄漏控制装置绕中心逆时针旋转。When the device is close to the leaking oil injection port and the azimuth angle of the device needs to be adjusted on the spot, sometimes it needs to be rotated on the spot around the center of the device. The three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valves on the left and right can cooperate with each other, so that one path advances and the other path retreats to realize local rotation. For example, when the hydraulic valve electromagnet DT13 is energized, the left motor rotates forward; when the hydraulic valve electromagnet DT16 is energized, the right motor reverses; the leakage control device rotates clockwise around the center. When the hydraulic valve electromagnet DT14 is energized, the left motor reverses; when the hydraulic valve electromagnet DT15 is energized, the right motor rotates forward; the leakage control device rotates counterclockwise around the center.

为了控制上下坡速度,避免当装置失速时马达进油压力过低造成吸空现象,在马达进出油口处设置了补油用的吸油单向阀,当马达超速时进行补油。装置在行走过程中有上下坡的要求,当装置下坡时,由于重力作用有可能造成失速,因此在液压系统6中设计了失速控制。由连接在行走马达进出油口的并联的单向节流阀和液控换向阀用来完成此项功能。进油通过单向阀进入马达,同时此压力切换回油路液控两位两通换向阀,马达流出的回油通过换向阀无阻力的返回油箱。当装置下坡失速时,由于马达转速太快,液压泵供油流量不能满足马达的流量需求,使得进油压力过低,换向阀的弹簧力切断回油路两位两通换向阀,马达流出的回油只能通过节流阀返回油箱,使回油液压阻力增大,流量减小,使装置速度降低,最终达到限速的目的。限制的速度大小,也同样是依靠调节节流阀的开口量进行调节。In order to control the speed of uphill and downhill and avoid the phenomenon of cavitation caused by the low oil inlet pressure of the motor when the device stalls, an oil suction check valve for oil replenishment is installed at the oil inlet and outlet of the motor to replenish oil when the motor is overspeed. The device has the requirement of going up and down during the walking process. When the device goes downhill, it may cause a stall due to the action of gravity. Therefore, a stall control is designed in the hydraulic system 6 . This function is accomplished by a parallel one-way throttle valve and a hydraulic control reversing valve connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the traveling motor. The oil enters the motor through the one-way valve, and at the same time, the pressure is switched back to the hydraulically controlled two-position two-way reversing valve in the oil circuit, and the return oil flowing out of the motor returns to the fuel tank through the reversing valve without resistance. When the device stalls downhill, because the motor speed is too fast, the oil supply flow of the hydraulic pump cannot meet the flow demand of the motor, so that the oil inlet pressure is too low, and the spring force of the reversing valve cuts off the oil return circuit. The oil returned from the motor can only be returned to the oil tank through the throttle valve, which increases the hydraulic resistance of the oil return, reduces the flow rate, reduces the speed of the device, and finally achieves the purpose of speed limit. The limited speed is also adjusted by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve.

为了避免当装置失速时马达进油压力过低造成吸空现象,从而导致发生气蚀现象损坏液压马达,系统中在马达进出油口处设计了补油用的吸油单向阀,当马达超速时进行补油。In order to avoid the air suction caused by the low oil inlet pressure of the motor when the device stalls, resulting in cavitation and damage to the hydraulic motor, an oil suction check valve for oil replenishment is designed at the oil inlet and outlet of the motor in the system. Perform refueling.

为了充分利用系统的功率,设置了高低速自动切换功能,低速大扭矩马达内设置了两个马达,通过控制油实现两个马达的串并联转换。当两马达串联连接时,马达处于高速小扭矩运行状态;当两马达并联连接时,马达处于低速大扭矩运行状态。当装置在平地或下坡行走时,装置需要的驱动功率小,要求液压系统输出压力低,通过控制油路让两马达串联,使装置实现高速行走;当装置上坡时,由于阻力增大使得液压系统压力升高。利用此压力切换行走液压马达的换向阀,使装置实现低速行走。In order to make full use of the power of the system, the high-low speed automatic switching function is set. Two motors are set in the low-speed high-torque motor, and the series-parallel conversion of the two motors is realized by controlling the oil. When the two motors are connected in series, the motor is in a high-speed low-torque running state; when the two motors are connected in parallel, the motor is in a low-speed high-torque running state. When the device is walking on flat ground or downhill, the driving power required by the device is small, and the output pressure of the hydraulic system is required to be low. By controlling the oil circuit to connect the two motors in series, the device can achieve high-speed walking; when the device is going uphill, due to the increase in resistance. Increased hydraulic system pressure. Use this pressure to switch the reversing valve of the traveling hydraulic motor to make the device realize low-speed walking.

为了保持装置的平衡,系统中设计了爬坡角度限制回路,在马达的进油口连接了溢流阀作超载阀。当装置爬坡角度过大时,液压系统6压力过高使油液从超载阀流走,装置停止不动,限制装置上坡角度。In order to maintain the balance of the device, a climbing angle limiting circuit is designed in the system, and a relief valve is connected to the oil inlet of the motor as an overload valve. When the climbing angle of the device was too large, the pressure of the hydraulic system 6 was too high to make the oil flow away from the overload valve, and the device stopped moving, limiting the climbing angle of the device.

针对成品油管道泄漏口处环境状态不确定,收油器的收油角度需可调,并当收油器下行收油时保持装置的稳定,设置了后支撑液压缸,并在大动臂液压缸、小动臂液压缸、收油罩液压缸、后支撑液压缸回路中设置了三位四通换向阀控制油缸的伸缩,并在油缸的进出油口连接了单向节流阀和溢流阀。In view of the uncertain environmental conditions at the leakage port of the product oil pipeline, the oil collection angle of the oil receiver needs to be adjustable, and the stability of the device should be kept when the oil receiver goes down to collect oil. A three-position four-way reversing valve is set in the circuits of cylinder, small boom hydraulic cylinder, oil collection cover hydraulic cylinder, and rear support hydraulic cylinder to control the expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder, and a one-way throttle valve and overflow valve are connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the oil cylinder. flow valve.

监视系统5(见图7)包括摄像头支架26、摄像头部件27、防爆投光灯29、投光灯支架28和可燃气体检测仪。摄像头支架26和投光灯支架28安装在小动臂液压缸部件30上,摄像头部件27安装在摄像头支架26上,防爆投光灯29安装在投光灯支架28上。为了能够在泄漏控制装置行走时,操作人员能够看清楚路面情况,从而能正确选择行走路线;在到达泄漏喷射口附近时,使操作人员能够看清楚喷射口处的情况(包括喷射口的空间方位、喷射方向、喷射口附近的路面或地面情况等),设置了4个摄像头部件27,其中:1个摄像头部件27安装固定在大臂上,主要负责观察喷射口的情况;2个摄像头部件27分别安装固定在装置两侧,用来观察行走路面情况,以便让操作人员选择最好的行走路线;1个摄像头部件27安装在装置上方,方向向后,用于倒车时观察道路情况。为了使装置能够在夜间工作,在装置上可安装防爆投光灯29。为了监视泄漏处可燃气体的浓度,可设置可燃气体检测仪。摄像头部件27和可燃气体检测仪分别接电缆卷筒收放的电缆;防爆投光灯29直接接装置上的电源。The monitoring system 5 (see FIG. 7 ) includes a camera bracket 26, a camera component 27, an explosion-proof floodlight 29, a floodlight bracket 28 and a combustible gas detector. The camera bracket 26 and the floodlight bracket 28 are installed on the small boom hydraulic cylinder part 30 , the camera part 27 is installed on the camera bracket 26 , and the explosion-proof floodlight 29 is installed on the floodlight bracket 28 . In order to be able to see the road conditions clearly when the leakage control device is walking, so as to be able to correctly choose the walking route; , injection direction, the road or ground conditions near the injection port, etc.), 4 camera parts 27 are set, wherein: 1 camera part 27 is installed and fixed on the big arm, and is mainly responsible for observing the situation of the injection port; 2 camera parts 27 They are respectively installed and fixed on both sides of the device, and are used to observe the conditions of the walking surface, so that the operator can choose the best walking route; a camera part 27 is installed on the top of the device, and the direction is backward, and it is used to observe the road conditions when reversing. In order to make the device work at night, an explosion-proof projection lamp 29 can be installed on the device. In order to monitor the concentration of combustible gas at the leak, a combustible gas detector can be installed. The camera part 27 and the combustible gas detector are respectively connected to the cables retracted by the cable reel; the explosion-proof projection lamp 29 is directly connected to the power supply on the device.

电气控制系统7(见图11)包括动力系统电气控制、控制系统电气控制。The electrical control system 7 (see FIG. 11 ) includes the electrical control of the power system and the electrical control of the control system.

(1).动力系统电气控制:动力系统包括液压泵驱动电机和电缆卷筒驱动电机;(1). Electrical control of the power system: the power system includes a hydraulic pump drive motor and a cable reel drive motor;

1)液压泵驱动电机采用无触点固态继电器作为控制元件,可以避免由于触点开、合产生火花,成为装置的点燃引爆源。但是,这样大功率的固态继电器需要强制通风散热,风扇的使用又引入了一个引爆源。综合考虑,采用隔爆型控制箱,选用高质量的传统电机控制元件,控制电机的启动和停止;1) The drive motor of the hydraulic pump uses a non-contact solid-state relay as the control element, which can avoid sparks generated due to the opening and closing of the contacts, which will become the source of ignition and detonation of the device. However, such a high-power solid-state relay requires forced ventilation to dissipate heat, and the use of a fan introduces another source of detonation. Considering comprehensively, the explosion-proof control box is adopted, and high-quality traditional motor control components are selected to control the start and stop of the motor;

2)电缆收放卷筒驱动电机控制:采用电缆卷筒自成系统产品,由自带的控制箱进行控制。2) Cable reel drive motor control: the cable reel is used as a self-contained system product, which is controlled by its own control box.

(2).控制系统电气控制:控制系统包括液压防爆电磁阀电磁铁的控制、防爆投光灯29的控制,这些电气元件的启闭开合,是通过操作人员操作控制面板上的按钮,经过计算机处理,传送给无线发射装置,管道泄漏控制装置上的无线接收装置接收后,由单片机进行解码处理后,进行控制。这些电气元件需要的驱动功率小,用单片微型机控制,单片机输出的信号不用放大,直接可以控制固态继电器,因此,这种场合最适合使用固态继电器。选用的固态继电器,电流都在5A及以下,不用冷却。(2). Electrical control of the control system: the control system includes the control of the electromagnet of the hydraulic explosion-proof solenoid valve and the control of the explosion-proof floodlight 29. The opening and closing of these electrical components is through the operator operating the button on the control panel. The computer processes and transmits to the wireless transmitting device. After receiving by the wireless receiving device on the pipeline leakage control device, the single-chip microcomputer performs decoding processing and controls it. These electrical components require low driving power and are controlled by a single-chip microcomputer. The signal output by the single-chip microcomputer can directly control the solid-state relay without amplification. Therefore, the solid-state relay is most suitable for this occasion. The selected solid-state relays have a current of 5A and below without cooling.

遥控系统11由视频监视系统和遥控操作控制台组成。The remote control system 11 is made up of a video surveillance system and a remote control console.

(1)视频监视系统5产生的视频信号是通过由电缆收放线系统10上的电缆传送到遥控操作台的;(1) The video signal that video monitoring system 5 produces is sent to the remote control console by the cable on the cable pay-off system 10;

(2)远控操作控制台:远控操作控制台包括监视器、操作面板和计算机柜三部分。(2) Remote control operation console: The remote control operation console includes three parts: monitor, operation panel and computer cabinet.

1)监视器用来接收视频监视系统5的视频信号,操作人员可以通过鼠标切换视频通道,在不同的时间监视不同的方位;1) The monitor is used to receive the video signal of the video surveillance system 5, and the operator can switch the video channel through the mouse to monitor different directions at different times;

2)操作面板要一个操作手柄和许多按钮,操作手柄控制泄漏控制装置的前进、后退、行走当中的左右转弯。按钮用来在装置停止后,调整装置的方位、调整收油器的位置角度等;2) The operation panel requires an operating handle and many buttons, and the operating handle controls the forward, backward, left and right turns of the leakage control device. The button is used to adjust the orientation of the device, adjust the position angle of the oil collector, etc. after the device stops;

3)计算机柜安装一台具有防震功能的工业控制计算机,用来对操作人员通过按钮发出的指令进行编码,通过无线发射模块发射到电器控制系统7,也接收视频监视系统5的视频信号,并对视频监视系统5的信号通道进行切换。3) An industrial control computer with anti-shock function is installed in the computer cabinet, which is used to encode the instructions sent by the operator through the buttons, transmit them to the electrical control system 7 through the wireless transmission module, and also receive the video signal of the video surveillance system 5, and The signal channel of the video surveillance system 5 is switched.

装置防爆Device explosion-proof

防爆性是装置的关键。根据所查资料,须在以下几个方面考虑装置的防爆性:Explosion protection is the key to the device. According to the information checked, the explosion-proof performance of the device must be considered in the following aspects:

(1)电气控制方面(1) Electrical control

电气控制系统是整车防爆的薄弱环节,是产生电火花的主要来源。因此,电气控制系统是设备防爆性能的关键。除选用防爆电机和防爆电磁阀外,在电气控制系统设计中,按照有关国家标准,要选择符合安全规范的防爆控制元件和防爆控制箱。The electrical control system is the weak link in the explosion-proof of the whole vehicle and the main source of electric sparks. Therefore, the electrical control system is the key to the explosion-proof performance of the equipment. In addition to the selection of explosion-proof motors and explosion-proof solenoid valves, in the design of electrical control systems, in accordance with relevant national standards, explosion-proof control components and explosion-proof control boxes that meet safety regulations must be selected.

电气控制系统分强电控制系统和弱电控制系统,强电控制系统主要包括液压系统防爆电动机的启动/停止控制、防爆电磁阀的换向控制、防爆投光灯29的开关等;弱电控制系统主要包括遥控信号的传送和接受、各种检测信号,视频信号的传输等。The electrical control system is divided into a strong current control system and a weak current control system. The strong current control system mainly includes the start/stop control of the explosion-proof motor in the hydraulic system, the reversing control of the explosion-proof solenoid valve, the switch of the explosion-proof floodlight 29, etc.; the weak current control system mainly includes Including transmission and reception of remote control signals, various detection signals, transmission of video signals, etc.

1).强电控制系统1). Strong current control system

强电控制系统主要注意以下几点:The strong current control system mainly pays attention to the following points:

①主动力电机和电缆卷筒的启动/停止,因为运行功率较大,选用无触点的固态继电器,散热问题不好解决,因此,要选用满足使用条件的隔爆控制箱,通过控制箱解决防爆问题;① The start/stop of the main power motor and the cable reel, because the operating power is relatively large, the non-contact solid-state relay is selected, and the heat dissipation problem is not easy to solve. Therefore, it is necessary to select a flameproof control box that meets the use conditions and solve it through the control box Explosion-proof issues;

②电磁阀的换向电磁铁和投光灯功率较小,通过选用无触点的半导体元件-固态继电器进行控制和保护;②The reversing electromagnet of the solenoid valve and the power of the floodlight are relatively small, and are controlled and protected by selecting non-contact semiconductor components-solid-state relays;

③电缆采用铠装电缆,防止在装置行进过程中,电缆与路面石头或其它杂物摩擦破坏电缆保护皮,使电线裸露发生短路产生电火花。③The cable adopts armored cable to prevent the cable from rubbing against road stones or other sundries to damage the cable protective skin during the running of the device, so that the exposed wire will short-circuit and generate electric sparks.

2).弱电控制系统2). Weak current control system

弱电系统主要注意以下方面:The weak current system mainly pays attention to the following aspects:

①参数选用本质安全电气控制电路,可以达到防爆要求;① The parameters are selected from intrinsically safe electrical control circuits, which can meet the explosion-proof requirements;

②合理地选择电器元件,其电流、电压或功率不得大于其额定值的2/3,故障状态下不大于其额定值;② Reasonable selection of electrical components, the current, voltage or power shall not be greater than 2/3 of its rated value, and shall not be greater than its rated value under fault conditions;

③严格按照GB3836.4《(爆炸性气体环境用电气设备第四部分:本质安全型“i”》的要求进行PCB板的设计和电路的浇封,使得电路的爬电距离、电气间隙、绝缘参数等满足国标GB3836的要求。③Strictly follow the requirements of GB3836.4 "(Electrical Equipment for Explosive Gas Atmospheres Part Four: Intrinsically Safe Type "i"" for PCB design and circuit encapsulation, so that the creepage distance, electrical clearance and insulation parameters of the circuit And so on to meet the requirements of the national standard GB3836.

3).通讯系统防爆3). Explosion-proof communication system

无线通讯模块的接收天线,会产生射频火花。选用传输距离远的无线发射接收模块,用非金属材料把通讯模块和天线密封起来,防止射频火花的产生。The receiving antenna of the wireless communication module will generate radio frequency sparks. Choose a wireless transmitting and receiving module with a long transmission distance, and seal the communication module and antenna with non-metallic materials to prevent the generation of radio frequency sparks.

(2)静电放电控制方面(2) Electrostatic discharge control

因为静电产生是不可避免的,所以在泄漏控制过程中就不可避免地会发生放放电现象。只能在控制电荷电量和放电形式上下功夫,把静电控制在不造成危害的范围内。Since the generation of static electricity is unavoidable, it is inevitable that discharge and discharge will occur during the leakage control process. We can only work hard to control the amount of charge and the form of discharge, and control the static electricity within the range that does not cause harm.

1).控制收油数量,使收取的油液流速和流量满足国家规定,其余不能回收的油液,通过收油器反射后流到地面上,在最大程度上避免油液的雾化;1). Control the amount of oil collected so that the flow rate and flow rate of the collected oil meet the national regulations. The rest of the oil that cannot be recovered will flow to the ground after being reflected by the oil collector, so as to avoid the atomization of the oil to the greatest extent;

2).合理设计泄漏控制装置的收油器结构,使静电放电控制成电晕放电;电晕放电是连续型的,放电的能量比较小,不会使油气混合物点燃;具体方法是在收油器上制作出多处尖峰凸棱,从而达到控制放电形式的目的;2). Reasonably design the structure of the oil collector of the leakage control device, so that the electrostatic discharge is controlled into a corona discharge; the corona discharge is continuous, and the discharge energy is relatively small, so that the oil-gas mixture will not be ignited; the specific method is to collect the oil A number of sharp peaks are made on the device, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the discharge form;

3).泄漏控制装置充分接地,使静电电荷快速释放,使电荷不产生过度聚集;装置整体不可能做成绝缘体,总有导体暴露在油气混合物中;孤立不接地的导体是产生火花放电的主要原因,要尽量避免装置成为孤立的导体,要使泄漏控制装置充分接地。3). The leakage control device is fully grounded, so that the electrostatic charge can be released quickly, so that the charge does not accumulate excessively; the whole device cannot be made into an insulator, and there are always conductors exposed to the oil-gas mixture; isolated and ungrounded conductors are the main cause of spark discharge The reason is to try to avoid the device as an isolated conductor and to make the leakage control device adequately grounded.

装置使用的是橡胶履带,与地面绝缘,装置接地只能依靠电缆实现。选用3*16+2*10的铠装电缆,留出一根作为接地电缆线,实现装置的可靠接地。The device uses rubber crawlers, which are insulated from the ground, and the grounding of the device can only be achieved by cables. Choose 3*16+2*10 armored cables, and reserve one as a grounding cable to achieve reliable grounding of the device.

(3)机械系统方面(3) mechanical system

到目前为止,我国还没有制定出非电气设备防爆标准。目前,可以参照的只有欧洲非电气设备防爆标准EN13463。根据该标准,本例设计的装置产生引爆点燃的因素有如下几种:①静电放电;②轴承或其它金属零部件破损;③热表面。So far, my country has not formulated explosion-proof standards for non-electrical equipment. At present, only the European non-electrical equipment explosion-proof standard EN13463 can be referred to. According to this standard, the factors for detonation and ignition of the device designed in this example are as follows: ① electrostatic discharge; ② damage to bearings or other metal parts; ③ hot surface.

1).静电放电1). Electrostatic discharge

关于静电放电问题,前面已经做了比较详细的叙述,并采取了一些必要的措施。Regarding the problem of electrostatic discharge, a more detailed description has been made earlier, and some necessary measures have been taken.

2).轴承或其它金属零部件破损2). Bearings or other metal parts are damaged

轴承或其它金属零部件破损,会产生火花。因此,在选择轴承时,要充分考虑轴承的寿命和承载能力,考虑充足的安全系数,使轴承的承载能力远远超过实际的负荷水平,杜绝轴承破损的可能性。Damaged bearings or other metal parts can generate sparks. Therefore, when choosing a bearing, it is necessary to fully consider the life and load capacity of the bearing, and consider a sufficient safety factor, so that the bearing capacity of the bearing far exceeds the actual load level, and the possibility of bearing damage is eliminated.

3).热表面3).Hot surface

热表面是引爆点燃的一个因素,在设计的装置中,避免使用高速旋转副,从而避免产生热表面。Hot surfaces are a factor in detonation ignition, and in the designed setup, the use of high-speed rotating pairs is avoided, thereby avoiding the creation of hot surfaces.

本实用新型提出的泄漏控制装置,可以在较高泄漏压力情况下实现油品的泄漏控制,提高漏油的回收率。由于操作人员距离泄漏点一定距离对设备进行远程控制作业,增加了抢修人员的安全性,降低了劳动强度。The leakage control device proposed by the utility model can realize oil leakage control under relatively high leakage pressure and improve the recovery rate of oil leakage. Since the operator performs remote control operations on the equipment at a certain distance from the leakage point, the safety of the emergency repair personnel is increased and the labor intensity is reduced.

本实用新型解决了目前在高压液体泄漏后缺少适当的控制手段这一难题,应用本发明提出的设备,可以大幅度减少由于泄漏造成的次生灾害,又可对泄漏的流体进行回收。同时,本实用新型也可用于其它类型管道和罐体的泄漏控制。The utility model solves the current problem of lack of appropriate control means after the high-pressure liquid leaks. The device proposed by the invention can greatly reduce the secondary disasters caused by the leak and recover the leaked fluid. At the same time, the utility model can also be used for leakage control of other types of pipelines and tanks.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1一种成品油管道泄漏控制装置总体构成示意图Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of a product oil pipeline leakage control device

图2支撑平台系统主视图Figure 2 Front view of the support platform system

图3支撑平台系统侧视图Figure 3 side view of the support platform system

图4履带行走系统主视图Figure 4 Front view of crawler walking system

图5履带行走系统侧视图Figure 5 side view of crawler walking system

图6清障支撑系统主视图Figure 6 Front View of Wrecker Support System

图7执行系统主视图Figure 7 Execution system front view

图8执行系统侧视图Figure 8 Side view of the execution system

图9漏油回收装置构成图Figure 9 Structural Diagram of Oil Spill Recovery Device

图10液压系统原理图Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the hydraulic system

图11电气控制线路图Figure 11 Electrical control circuit diagram

其中1-漏油回收装置    2-小动臂Among them 1-oil leakage recovery device 2-small boom

3-大动臂              4-履带行走系统3-Large boom 4-Crawler walking system

5-监视系统            6-液压系统5-Monitoring system 6-Hydraulic system

7-电气控制系统     8-清障支撑系统7-Electrical control system 8-Wrecker support system

9-支撑平台系统     10-电缆收放线系统9-Support platform system 10-Cable take-up and release system

11-遥控系统        12-防爆电机11-Remote control system 12-Explosion-proof motor

13-防爆电磁阀      14-油箱13-Explosion-proof solenoid valve 14-Oil tank

15-防爆摄像头      16-张紧装置15-Explosion-proof camera 16-Tension device

17-托链轮装置      18-支重轮装置17-supporting wheel device 18-supporting wheel device

19-驱动轮装置      20-橡胶履带19-Drive wheel device 20-Rubber track

21-油缸挡泥板      22-挡泥板支架21-Cylinder fender 22-Fender bracket

23-清障支撑油缸    24-收油管支架部件23-Wrecker support oil cylinder 24-Oil collection pipe support parts

25-收油管          26-摄像头支架25-Oil collection pipe 26-Camera bracket

27-摄像头部件      28-投光灯支架27-Camera Parts 28-Flood Light Bracket

29-投光灯          30-小动臂液压缸部件29-Flood light 30-Small arm hydraulic cylinder parts

31-连杆体部件      32-摇杆31-Connecting rod body parts 32-Rocker

33-收油器液压油缸  34-大动臂液压缸部件33-Oil collector hydraulic cylinder 34-Large boom hydraulic cylinder components

35-收油罩          36-防护爪35-Oil collection cover 36-Protection claw

37-针状尖峰        38-连接加强部件37-needle-like spikes 38-connection strengthening parts

39-油液收集管39- Oil collection pipe

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

实施例.以本例来说明本发明的具体实施方式并对本实用新型作进一步的说明。本例是一实验样机,其构成如图1-图11所示。Embodiment. This example is used to illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention and to further illustrate the utility model. This example is an experimental prototype, and its composition is shown in Figure 1-Figure 11.

1.履带行走系统41. Crawler walking system 4

包括车架、橡胶履带20、托链轮装置17、支重轮装置18、张紧装置16、驱动轮装置19和行走马达。Including vehicle frame, rubber track 20, carrier sprocket device 17, supporting wheel device 18, tensioning device 16, driving wheel device 19 and traveling motor.

功能:实现装置的双速前进、后退、回转、刹车Function: Realize the two-speed forward, backward, rotation and braking of the device

参数:行走速度:2.4km/hParameters: Walking speed: 2.4km/h

最大爬坡角度:25度Maximum climbing angle: 25 degrees

履带宽度:300mmTrack width: 300mm

接地比压:大于30kpaGround specific pressure: greater than 30kpa

行走马达:装置的行走用两个低速大扭矩减速马达驱动履带系统的驱动轮来实现。参照国内的液压挖掘机,本例选择了中日合资企业--上海纳博斯克液压有限公司生产的帝人液压挖掘机专用行走马达,该马达集减速装置与液压马达于一体,是目前世界上最先进水平的产品。马达内置安全阀、背压阀,内置停车制动器,并具有高低两档切换速度,非常适合本例的技术要求。Walking motor: The walking of the device is realized by two low-speed high-torque reduction motors driving the driving wheels of the crawler system. Referring to domestic hydraulic excavators, this example chooses the Teijin hydraulic excavator special travel motor produced by Shanghai Nabosco Hydraulic Co., Ltd., a Sino-Japanese joint venture. This motor integrates a reduction device and a hydraulic motor. Advanced level products. The motor has a built-in safety valve, back pressure valve, built-in parking brake, and has two high and low switching speeds, which are very suitable for the technical requirements of this example.

根据液压挖掘机专用行走马达的应用范围和适用挖掘机吨位,确定选用GM04VA型行走马达。According to the application range of the special travel motor for hydraulic excavators and the tonnage of the applicable excavator, the GM04VA travel motor is determined to be selected.

马达的主要参数如下:The main parameters of the motor are as follows:

额定输出扭矩:4020N.mRated output torque: 4020N.m

最高回转速度:65min-1 Maximum rotation speed: 65min -1

最大减速比:53.7  l/RMaximum reduction ratio: 53.7 l/R

最高使用压力:24.5MPaMaximum operating pressure: 24.5MPa

液压马达最大行程容积:21cm3/revMaximum stroke volume of hydraulic motor: 21cm 3 /rev

液压马达最高回转速度:3600min-1 Maximum rotary speed of hydraulic motor: 3600min -1

2.支撑平台系统92. Support platform system 9

包括车体平台、油箱14、配重。Including car body platform, fuel tank 14, counterweight.

功能:液压系统安装支撑、漏油回收执行工作机构、收线机构的支撑。Functions: Hydraulic system installation support, oil leakage recovery executive working mechanism, and wire take-up mechanism support.

参数:最大宽度:1530mmParameters: Maximum width: 1530mm

最大长度:1876mmMaximum length: 1876mm

3.清障支撑系统83. Clearance support system 8

包括挡泥板支架22、清障支撑油缸23、油缸挡泥板21。Including fender bracket 22, obstacle removal support oil cylinder 23, oil cylinder fender 21.

功能:实现装置的前进中的清障和漏油回收过程中对装置的支撑。Function: Realize the obstacle removal during the advancement of the device and the support for the device during the oil spill recovery process.

参数:推土板高:296mmParameters: Bulldozer height: 296mm

清障装置最大摆动角度:60度The maximum swing angle of the obstacle removal device: 60 degrees

4.液压系统64. Hydraulic system 6

(1)液压泵(1) hydraulic pump

1)根据上述液压马达的参数,确定液压系统工作压力为20MPa,最高压力为25Mpa;1) According to the above parameters of the hydraulic motor, the working pressure of the hydraulic system is determined to be 20MPa, and the maximum pressure is 25Mpa;

2)履带驱动轮分度圆直径为330mm,行走速度为2.4km/h,驱动轮转速为38.6r/min;2) The diameter of the indexing circle of the track drive wheel is 330mm, the walking speed is 2.4km/h, and the speed of the drive wheel is 38.6r/min;

因为泄漏控制装置行走速度不是主要矛盾,主要是控制整机功率不要过大,尽量降低配电难度。因此,选择最大减速比为53.7,目的是得到最大纽矩和最低速度。Because the running speed of the leakage control device is not the main contradiction, the main thing is to control the power of the whole machine not to be too large, and to reduce the difficulty of power distribution as much as possible. Therefore, the maximum reduction ratio is selected as 53.7, the purpose is to obtain the maximum torque and the minimum speed.

马达减速前转速为2073r/min;The motor speed before deceleration is 2073r/min;

3)供油泵流量Q=43.5 l/min.根据此参数,选择液压泵;3) The flow rate of the oil supply pump is Q=43.5 l/min. According to this parameter, select the hydraulic pump;

4)液压泵选择4) Hydraulic pump selection

根据系统使用条件和参数要求,比较液压泵的性能特点确定液压泵的型号。考虑到泄漏油控制装置使用环境比较恶劣,环境污染比较严重,叶片泵和柱塞泵抗污染能力都比较弱,要求过滤精度较高,最后决定选用高压齿轮泵作为液压系统的动力元件。According to the system operating conditions and parameter requirements, compare the performance characteristics of the hydraulic pump to determine the model of the hydraulic pump. Considering that the operating environment of the oil leakage control device is relatively harsh, the environmental pollution is relatively serious, the anti-pollution ability of the vane pump and the plunger pump are relatively weak, and high filtration accuracy is required, and finally it is decided to choose a high-pressure gear pump as the power component of the hydraulic system.

在本装置的执行机构当中,行走马达需要的功率最大,因此根据行走马达的参数,结合本例所能承受的装置总功率的实际情况,决定选用合肥长源液压件有限责任公司生产的CBQL-F520/F520型双联齿轮泵。Among the actuators of this device, the walking motor requires the most power. Therefore, according to the parameters of the traveling motor and the actual situation of the total power of the device that this example can withstand, it is decided to choose the CBQL- F520/F520 double gear pump.

双联齿轮泵参数:Double gear pump parameters:

工程排量:20/20mL/r;Engineering displacement: 20/20mL/r;

额定压力:20.0/20.0MPa;Rated pressure: 20.0/20.0MPa;

最高压力:25.0/25.0MPa;Maximum pressure: 25.0/25.0MPa;

转速范围:400-3000r/min;Speed range: 400-3000r/min;

按照转速1500r/min、压力20.0MPa计算功率Calculate the power according to the speed of 1500r/min and the pressure of 20.0MPa

N=20KWN=20KW

(2).电机选择(2). Motor selection

根据液压泵的参数,选择ABB防爆电机。According to the parameters of the hydraulic pump, choose the ABB explosion-proof motor.

主要参数:The main parameters:

额定转速:1500r/min;Rated speed: 1500r/min;

额定功率:22KWRated power: 22KW

额定电压:380VRated voltage: 380V

(3).反向验算、确定装置行走速度(3). Reverse checking and determining the walking speed of the device

1)行走速度1) walking speed

单泵流量:30L/minSingle pump flow: 30L/min

液压挖掘机专用行走马达内部有两个独立的马达,液压马达高低两速的实现是依靠内部两个独立马达的串并联实现的。当两个马达串联时,输出高转速、小矩互为2倍和1/2的关系,保持输出功率不变。液压行走马达给出的最大行程容积是两个马达并联时的单转排量。There are two independent motors inside the special travel motor for hydraulic excavators. The realization of the high and low speeds of the hydraulic motor is realized by the series and parallel connection of the two internal independent motors. When two motors are connected in series, the relationship between high output speed and small torque is 2 times and 1/2 of each other, and the output power remains unchanged. The maximum stroke volume given by the hydraulic travel motor is the single-rotation displacement when two motors are connected in parallel.

马达实际低速转速:1429r/minThe actual low speed speed of the motor: 1429r/min

马达实际高速转速:2858r/minMotor actual high speed speed: 2858r/min

按最大减速比53.7计算,减速马达减速后实际输出转速:Calculated according to the maximum reduction ratio of 53.7, the actual output speed of the deceleration motor after deceleration:

低速转速:26.6r/minLow speed speed: 26.6r/min

高速转速:53.2r/minHigh speed speed: 53.2r/min

装置行走速度:Device walking speed:

低速速度:1.656km/hLow speed: 1.656km/h

高速速度:3.312km/hHigh speed: 3.312km/h

平均速度:2.484km/hAverage speed: 2.484km/h

该转速符合本例设计初值2.4km/h的要求。The rotational speed meets the requirements of the initial design value of 2.4km/h in this example.

2)爬坡能力2) climbing ability

Figure Y20062015873400161
坡可以驱动的装置总重量climb
Figure Y20062015873400161
The total weight of the device that Poe can drive

单个液压马达实际输出功率:11192N·m/sActual output power of a single hydraulic motor: 11192N m/s

双马达爬坡驱动功率:22.384kwDual motor climbing drive power: 22.384kw

驱动的装置总重量:11.947吨Total weight of the driven unit: 11.947 tons

考虑液压系统6和机械系统的总效率为65%,驱动的装置总重量为:7.766吨Considering the total efficiency of the hydraulic system 6 and the mechanical system at 65%, the total weight of the driven unit is: 7.766 tons

在防爆环境情况下,电机许用功率不应超过电机功率的70%,通过控制液压系统的使用压力限制。实际能够驱动的装置总重量为:5.44吨In the case of explosion-proof environment, the allowable power of the motor should not exceed 70% of the power of the motor, which is limited by controlling the working pressure of the hydraulic system. The total weight of the device that can actually be driven is: 5.44 tons

当装置总重量不超过5.44吨时,装置可以爬

Figure Y20062015873400162
的坡。When the total weight of the device does not exceed 5.44 tons, the device can climb
Figure Y20062015873400162
the slope.

整个装置包括两个行走液压马达、四个液压缸。液压缸驱动大小臂摆动,完成收油器的上下运动,液压缸伸出实现支撑部件的支撑作用。两个分别控制的行走液压马达完成装置的前进、后退、转弯等工作。The whole device includes two traveling hydraulic motors and four hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic cylinder drives the large and small arms to swing to complete the up and down movement of the oil collector, and the hydraulic cylinder extends to realize the supporting function of the supporting parts. Two separately controlled walking hydraulic motors complete the forward, backward, turning and other work of the device.

在装置的多个动作中,爬坡行走耗费的功率最大,因此,按照爬坡行走的情况计算最大整机功率,确定液压元件的选择。Among the multiple actions of the device, climbing and walking consumes the most power. Therefore, the maximum power of the whole machine is calculated according to the situation of climbing and walking to determine the selection of hydraulic components.

5.找管定位(遥控系统11、监视系统5)5. Find the tube and locate it (remote control system 11, monitoring system 5)

(1).机械和液压(1). Mechanical and hydraulic

因成品油输送管道破损,汽油、煤油高速喷射,使得喷油口周围形成易燃易爆环境。需要维抢修操作人员远距离遥控装置,进行喷射油液的控制和回收。鉴于电缆收放、运输等方面的因素,本装置远控距离为300米。Due to the damage of the refined oil delivery pipeline, gasoline and kerosene are sprayed at high speed, creating a flammable and explosive environment around the fuel injection port. It is necessary for maintenance and emergency repair operators to remotely control the device to control and recover the sprayed oil. In view of factors such as cable retraction and transportation, the remote control distance of this device is 300 meters.

由于输油管道泄漏口处环境状况不确定,其中包括喷油角度、喷射口周围地面情况等。因此,漏油回收装置1收油角度要求可调。为了满足漏油回收装置1角度调节需要,装置设计了大动臂3、小动臂2、收油器三个旋转副,通过大动臂3、小动臂2旋转副相互协调旋转,可以调节漏油回收装置1的前后位置,使收油器移动到喷油口处;通过旋转收油器旋转副,可以调节漏油回收装置1的方位和角度,使漏油回收装置1的轴线与喷射油流方向接近一致。当漏油回收装置1下行收油时,喷射油流对漏油回收装置1产生向上的喷射力,有向后翻转装置的倾向,为了使装置稳定,设计了清障支撑系统8。这4个部件靠三位四通换向阀控制油缸的伸缩,实现收油器上下行或旋转动作。在油缸的进出油口连接了单向节流阀和溢流阀。单向节流阀用来限制各部件下行的速度,使部件下行不至于过快,保证装置的稳定和安全。连接在油口的溢流阀用做超载阀,当喷射力过大时,限制驱动收油器的各运动部件的继续运动,避免对装置造成破坏。Due to the uncertain environmental conditions at the oil pipeline leakage outlet, including the angle of fuel injection, the ground conditions around the injection outlet, etc. Therefore, the oil collection angle of the oil leakage recovery device 1 is required to be adjustable. In order to meet the angle adjustment requirements of the oil spill recovery device 1, the device is designed with three rotating pairs of the large boom 3, the small boom 2, and the oil collector. The large boom 3 and the small boom 2 rotate in coordination with each other to adjust The front and rear positions of the oil spill recovery device 1 move the oil collector to the oil injection port; the orientation and angle of the oil spill recovery device 1 can be adjusted by rotating the rotating pair of the oil receiver, so that the axis of the oil spill recovery device 1 is in line with the injection port. The direction of oil flow is nearly the same. When the oil leakage recovery device 1 goes down to collect oil, the sprayed oil flow will generate an upward jet force on the oil leakage recovery device 1, which tends to turn the device backwards. In order to stabilize the device, the obstacle removal support system 8 is designed. These four components rely on the three-position four-way reversing valve to control the expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder, so as to realize the upward and downward movement or rotation of the oil collector. A one-way throttle valve and an overflow valve are connected at the oil inlet and outlet of the oil cylinder. The one-way throttle valve is used to limit the downward speed of each component, so that the downward movement of the components will not be too fast, so as to ensure the stability and safety of the device. The overflow valve connected to the oil port is used as an overload valve. When the injection force is too large, it limits the continuous movement of the moving parts that drive the oil receiver to avoid damage to the device.

(2).远控监视系统(2).Remote control monitoring system

为了能够在泄漏控制装置行走时,操作人员能够看清楚路面情况,从而能正确选择行走路线;在到达泄漏喷射口附近时,使操作人员能够看清楚喷射口处的情况(包括喷射口的空间方位、喷射方向、喷射口附近的路面或地面情况等),设置了4个摄像头部件27,其中:1个摄像头部件27安装固定在大动臂3上,主要负责观察喷射口的情况;2个摄像头部件27分别安装固定在装置两侧,用来观察行走路面情况,以便让操作人员选择最好的行走路线;1个摄像头部件27安装在装置上方,方向向后,用于倒车时观察道路情况。In order to be able to see the road conditions clearly when the leakage control device is walking, so as to be able to correctly choose the walking route; , injection direction, road or ground conditions near the injection port, etc.), 4 camera parts 27 are set, wherein: 1 camera part 27 is installed and fixed on the large boom 3, and is mainly responsible for observing the situation of the injection port; 2 cameras Components 27 are installed and fixed on both sides of the device respectively, and are used to observe the road conditions, so that the operator can choose the best walking route; a camera component 27 is installed on the top of the device, and the direction is backward, and it is used to observe the road conditions when reversing.

本例选用了阜新市双星电子有限公司生产的BSJ-2A型防爆本安彩色摄像机,防爆等级为exd II BT6。In this example, the BSJ-2A explosion-proof intrinsically safe color camera produced by Fuxin Double Star Electronics Co., Ltd. is selected, and the explosion-proof grade is exd II BT6.

为了使装置能够在夜间工作,在装置上安装了防爆投光灯29。选用了杭州祥华防爆电器有限公司生产的防爆投光灯,BSD4系列方型防爆投光灯,它有高压汞灯、高压钠灯和金卤灯,其中金卤灯透雾能力最强,因此,本例选择了金卤灯作为照明灯具,投光范围为In order to make the device work at night, an explosion-proof projection lamp 29 is installed on the device. The explosion-proof floodlights produced by Hangzhou Xianghua Explosion-proof Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., BSD4 series square explosion-proof floodlights are selected. It has high-pressure mercury lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps and metal halide lamps. Among them, metal halide lamps have the strongest ability to penetrate fog. Therefore, In this example, the metal halide lamp is selected as the lighting fixture, and the light projection range is .

(3).实现随车远传检测油气浓度(3). Realize on-board remote transmission detection of oil and gas concentration

选用北京浮美电子仪器技术开发有限公司的FT-1可燃气体检测仪,响应时间40秒(FT-2单气体检测仪,响应时间20秒,具有存储和读取数据的功能),可以把可燃气体浓度转变为数字,显示在LED显示器上。检测精度正负5%,测量范围0-100%。防爆等级ia II CT6。Select the FT-1 combustible gas detector from Beijing Fumei Electronic Instrument Technology Development Co., Ltd., with a response time of 40 seconds (FT-2 single gas detector, with a response time of 20 seconds, with the function of storing and reading data), which can detect combustible gas The gas concentration is converted into numbers and displayed on the LED display. The detection accuracy is plus or minus 5%, and the measurement range is 0-100%. Explosion-proof grade ia II CT6.

6.电气控制系统76. Electrical control system 7

(1).动力系统电气控制原理(1). Electrical control principle of power system

动力系统包括液压泵驱动电机和电缆卷筒驱动电机。The power system includes a hydraulic pump drive motor and a cable reel drive motor.

1)液压泵驱动电机输出功率为22KW,选用无触点固态继电器作为控制元件,可以避免由于触点开、合产生火花,成为装置的点燃引爆源。但是,这样大功率的固态继电器需要强制通风散热,风扇的使用又引入了一个引爆源。综合考虑,决定选用一个防爆控制箱,选用高质量的传统电机控制元件,控制电机的启动和停止。经查,南阳防爆电气研究所技术力量雄厚,在电气防爆技术方面具有相当的权威性,决定选用南阳防爆电气研究所生产的BXK54系列隔爆型电气控制箱。1) The output power of the drive motor of the hydraulic pump is 22KW, and the non-contact solid state relay is selected as the control element, which can avoid sparks caused by the opening and closing of the contacts, which will become the source of ignition and detonation of the device. However, such a high-power solid-state relay requires forced ventilation to dissipate heat, and the use of a fan introduces another source of detonation. After comprehensive consideration, it was decided to choose an explosion-proof control box and high-quality traditional motor control components to control the start and stop of the motor. After investigation, Nanyang Explosion-Proof Electric Research Institute has strong technical force and considerable authority in electrical explosion-proof technology. It was decided to choose the BXK54 series explosion-proof electrical control box produced by Nanyang Explosion-Proof Electric Research Institute.

2)电缆收放卷筒选用岳阳华立电缆卷筒厂生产的防爆电力/信号卷筒,电缆收放电机为1.5KW,电缆卷筒自成系统,由自带的控制箱进行控制。2) The cable reel is an explosion-proof power/signal reel produced by Yueyang Huali Cable Reel Factory. The cable reel motor is 1.5KW. The cable reel is a self-contained system controlled by its own control box.

(2).控制系统电气控制原理(2).Electrical control principle of control system

控制系统包括液压防爆电磁阀电磁铁的控制、防爆投光灯的控制,这些电气元件的启闭开合,是通过操作人员操作控制面板上的按钮,经过计算机处理,传送给无线发射装置,成品油管道泄漏控制装置上的无线接收装置接收后,由单片机进行解码处理后,进行控制。这些电气元件需要的驱动功率小,用单片微型机控制,单片机输出的信号不用放大,直接可以控制固态继电器,因此,这种场合最适合使用固态继电器。选用的固态继电器,电流都在5A及以下,不用冷却。The control system includes the control of the electromagnet of the hydraulic explosion-proof solenoid valve and the control of the explosion-proof floodlight. The opening and closing of these electrical components is through the operator operating the button on the control panel, and after computer processing, it is transmitted to the wireless transmitter. The finished product After being received by the wireless receiving device on the oil pipeline leakage control device, the single-chip microcomputer performs decoding processing and controls it. These electrical components require low driving power and are controlled by a single-chip microcomputer. The signal output by the single-chip microcomputer can directly control the solid-state relay without amplification. Therefore, the solid-state relay is most suitable for this occasion. The selected solid-state relays have a current of 5A and below without cooling.

(3).视频监视系统(3).Video surveillance system

目前,无线传送的视频监视系统,视频信号质量都不能令人满意。我们选用了有线传送的防水防爆本安彩色摄像机,通过电缆卷筒进行信号电缆的收放。At present, the video signal quality of the wirelessly transmitted video surveillance system is not satisfactory. We have selected a waterproof and explosion-proof intrinsically safe color camera with cable transmission, and the signal cable is retracted and released through the cable reel.

(4).远控操作控制台(4).Remote control operation console

远控操作控制台包括监视器、操作面板和计算机柜三部分。The remote control operation console includes three parts: monitor, operation panel and computer cabinet.

1)监视器用来接受远控摄象机的视频信号,操作人员可以通过鼠标切换视频通道,在不同的时间监视不同的方位;1) The monitor is used to receive the video signal of the remote control camera, and the operator can switch the video channel through the mouse to monitor different positions at different times;

2)操作面板要一个操作手柄和19个按钮,操作手柄控制泄漏控制装置的前进、后退、行走当中的左右转弯。按钮用来在装置停止后,调整装置的方位、调整收油器的位置角度等;2) The operation panel requires an operating handle and 19 buttons, and the operating handle controls the forward, backward, and left and right turns of the leakage control device. The button is used to adjust the orientation of the device, adjust the position angle of the oil collector, etc. after the device stops;

3)计算机柜安装一台具有防震功能的工业控制计算机,用来对操作人员通过按钮发出的指令进行编码,传送给无线发射模块;接收遥控摄象机的视频信号,并对摄象机的通道进行切换。3) An industrial control computer with anti-shock function is installed in the computer cabinet, which is used to encode the instructions issued by the operator through the buttons and transmit them to the wireless transmission module; receive the video signal of the remote control camera, and control the channel of the camera to switch.

7.漏油回收装置17. Oil spill recovery device 1

(1).漏油回收装置1结构(1). Structure of oil spill recovery device 1

包括大动臂3、小动臂2、连接体、收油罩35和收油器液压油缸33。It includes a large boom 3, a small boom 2, a connecting body, an oil collector cover 35 and a hydraulic oil cylinder 33 for an oil collector.

功能:实现漏油回收过程中漏油回收装置1的移动、回转寻点和漏油控制。Function: Realize the movement, rotary point finding and oil leakage control of the oil leakage recovery device 1 during the oil leakage recovery process.

(2).漏油回收装置1尺寸规格(2). Dimensions and Specifications of Oil Spill Recovery Device 1

考虑实际的泄漏情况,确定收油罩35的收油口尺寸范围应为直径D不大于1000mm,并根据管道周围环境,设计系列收油罩35。考虑输油管的运输和安装问题,选取直径d=120mm,收油罩35结构为锥形直筒结构,锥角为60度,该结构既满足拢油作用,又减少漏油喷射的反射。根据试验结果看,收油拢油效果较理想。Considering the actual leakage situation, it is determined that the size range of the oil collection port of the oil collection cover 35 should be that the diameter D is not greater than 1000mm, and a series of oil collection covers 35 are designed according to the surrounding environment of the pipeline. Considering the transportation and installation of the oil pipeline, the diameter d=120mm is selected, and the structure of the oil collecting cover 35 is a straight cone structure with a cone angle of 60 degrees. According to the test results, the effect of oil collection and oil collection is ideal.

收油罩35参数:最大承载力:22.2千牛顿Oil collection cover 35 parameters: maximum bearing capacity: 22.2 kN

最大工作半径:5200mmMaximum working radius: 5200mm

最小工作半径:2000mmMinimum working radius: 2000mm

最大工作高度:5700mmMaximum working height: 5700mm

最大工作深度:3000mmMaximum working depth: 3000mm

收油罩35工作直径:1000mm(系列可调整)Oil collection cover 35 working diameter: 1000mm (series can be adjusted)

收油管25直径:小于200mmOil collection pipe 25 diameter: less than 200mm

收油罩35工作锥角:60度Oil collection cover 35 working cone angle: 60 degrees

收油罩35工作摆角:大于120度Oil collection cover 35 working swing angle: greater than 120 degrees

8.电缆收放系统108. Cable retractable system 10

电缆收放通过电缆卷筒实现,防爆电缆卷筒选用岳阳华立电缆卷筒厂生产的防爆电力/电缆卷筒。The cable is retracted and released through the cable reel, and the explosion-proof cable reel is the explosion-proof power/cable reel produced by Yueyang Huali Cable Reel Factory.

9.装置防爆9. Device explosion-proof

防爆性是装置的关键。根据所查资料,在以下几个方面考虑了装置的防爆性:Explosion protection is the key to the device. According to the information checked, the explosion-proof performance of the device has been considered in the following aspects:

(1)电气控制方面(1) Electrical control

电气控制系统是整车防爆的薄弱环节,是产生电火花的主要来源。因此,电气控制系统的设计是设备防爆性能的关键。除选用防爆电机和防爆电磁阀外,在电气控制系统设计中,按照有关国家标准,选择符合安全规范的防爆控制元件和防爆控制箱。The electrical control system is the weak link in the explosion-proof of the whole vehicle and the main source of electric sparks. Therefore, the design of the electrical control system is the key to the explosion-proof performance of the equipment. In addition to selecting explosion-proof motors and explosion-proof solenoid valves, in the design of electrical control systems, according to relevant national standards, select explosion-proof control components and explosion-proof control boxes that meet safety regulations.

电气控制系统分强电控制系统和弱电控制系统,强电控制系统主要包括液压系统防爆电动机的启动/停止控制、防爆电磁阀的换向控制、防爆投光灯的开关等;弱电控制系统主要包括遥控信号的传送和接受、各种检测信号,视频信号的传输等。The electrical control system is divided into a strong current control system and a weak current control system. The strong current control system mainly includes the start/stop control of the explosion-proof motor of the hydraulic system, the reversing control of the explosion-proof solenoid valve, the switch of the explosion-proof floodlight, etc.; the weak current control system mainly includes Transmission and reception of remote control signals, various detection signals, transmission of video signals, etc.

1).强电控制系统1). Strong current control system

强电控制系统的设计主要考虑如下几点:The design of the strong current control system mainly considers the following points:

①主动力电机和电缆卷筒的启动/停止,因为运行功率较大,选用无触电的固态继电器,散热问题不好解决,因此,选用满足使用条件的隔爆控制箱,通过控制箱解决防爆问题;① The start/stop of the main power motor and the cable reel, because the operating power is relatively large, the solid state relay without electric shock is selected, and the heat dissipation problem is not easy to solve. Therefore, the explosion-proof control box that meets the use conditions is selected to solve the explosion-proof problem through the control box ;

②电磁阀的换向电磁铁和投光灯功率较小,通过选用无触点的半导体元件-固态继电器进行控制和保护;②The reversing electromagnet of the solenoid valve and the power of the floodlight are relatively small, and are controlled and protected by selecting non-contact semiconductor components-solid-state relays;

③电缆采用铠装电缆,防止在装置行进过程中,电缆与路面石头或其它杂物摩擦破坏电缆保护皮,使电线裸露发生短路产生电火花。③The cable adopts armored cable to prevent the cable from rubbing against road stones or other sundries to damage the cable protective skin during the running of the device, so that the exposed wire will short-circuit and generate electric sparks.

2).弱电控制系统2). Weak current control system

弱电系统设计考虑以下方面:The weak current system design considers the following aspects:

①参数选用本质安全电气控制电路,可以达到防爆要求;① The parameters are selected from intrinsically safe electrical control circuits, which can meet the explosion-proof requirements;

②合理地选择电器元件,其电流、电压或功率不得大于其额定值的2/3,故障状态下不大于其额定值;② Reasonable selection of electrical components, the current, voltage or power shall not be greater than 2/3 of its rated value, and shall not be greater than its rated value under fault conditions;

③严格按照GB3836.4《爆炸性气体环境用电气设备第四部分:本质安全型“i”》的要求进行PCB板的设计和电路的浇封,使得电路的爬电距离、电气间隙、绝缘参数等满足国标GB3836的要求。③Strictly follow the requirements of GB3836.4 "Electrical Equipment for Explosive Gas Atmospheres Part IV: Intrinsically Safe Type "i"" to design the PCB board and seal the circuit, so that the creepage distance, electrical clearance, insulation parameters, etc. of the circuit Meet the requirements of the national standard GB3836.

3).通讯系统防爆3). Explosion-proof communication system

无线通讯模块的接收天线,会产生射频火花。选用传输距离远的无线发射接收模块,用非金属材料把通讯模块和天线密封起来,防止射频火花的产生。The receiving antenna of the wireless communication module will generate radio frequency sparks. Choose a wireless transmitting and receiving module with a long transmission distance, and seal the communication module and antenna with non-metallic materials to prevent the generation of radio frequency sparks.

(2)静电放电控制方面(2) Electrostatic discharge control

因为静电产生是不可避免的,所以在泄漏控制过程中就不可避免地会发生放放电现象。只能在控制电荷电量和放电形式上下功夫,把静电控制在不造成危害的范围内。Since the generation of static electricity is unavoidable, it is inevitable that discharge and discharge will occur during the leakage control process. We can only work hard to control the amount of charge and the form of discharge, and control the static electricity within the range that does not cause harm.

1).控制收油数量,使收取的油液流速和流量满足国家规定,其余不能回收的油液,通过收油器反射后流到地面上,在最大程度上避免油液的雾化;1). Control the amount of oil collected so that the flow rate and flow rate of the collected oil meet the national regulations. The rest of the oil that cannot be recovered will flow to the ground after being reflected by the oil collector, so as to avoid the atomization of the oil to the greatest extent;

2).合理设计泄漏控制装置的收油器结构,使静电放电控制成电晕放电;电晕放电是连续型的,放电的能量比较小,不会使油气混合物点燃;具体方法是在收油器上制作出多处尖峰凸棱,从而达到控制放电形式的目的;2). Reasonably design the structure of the oil collector of the leakage control device, so that the electrostatic discharge is controlled into a corona discharge; the corona discharge is continuous, and the discharge energy is relatively small, so that the oil-gas mixture will not be ignited; the specific method is to collect the oil A number of sharp peaks are made on the device, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the discharge form;

3).泄漏控制装置充分接地,使静电电荷快速释放,使电荷不产生过度聚集;装置整体不可能做成绝缘体,总有导体暴露在油气混合物中;孤立不接地的导体是产生火花放电的主要原因,要尽量避免装置成为孤立的导体,要使泄漏控制装置充分接地。3). The leakage control device is fully grounded, so that the electrostatic charge can be released quickly, so that the charge does not accumulate excessively; the whole device cannot be made into an insulator, and there are always conductors exposed to the oil-gas mixture; isolated and ungrounded conductors are the main cause of spark discharge The reason is to try to avoid the device as an isolated conductor and to make the leakage control device adequately grounded.

装置使用的是橡胶履带,与地面绝缘,装置接地只能依靠电缆实现。选用3*16+2*10的铠装电缆,留出一根作为接地电缆线,实现装置的可靠接地。The device uses rubber crawlers, which are insulated from the ground, and the grounding of the device can only be achieved by cables. Choose 3*16+2*10 armored cables, and reserve one as a grounding cable to achieve reliable grounding of the device.

(3)机械系统方面(3) mechanical system

到目前为止,我国还没有制定出非电气设备防爆标准。目前,可以参照的只有欧洲非电气设备防爆标准EN13463。根据该标准,本例设计的装置产生引爆点燃的因素有如下几种:①静电放电;②轴承或其它金属零部件破损;③热表面。So far, my country has not formulated explosion-proof standards for non-electrical equipment. At present, only the European non-electrical equipment explosion-proof standard EN13463 can be referred to. According to this standard, the factors for detonation and ignition of the device designed in this example are as follows: ① electrostatic discharge; ② damage to bearings or other metal parts; ③ hot surface.

1).静电放电1). Electrostatic discharge

关于静电放电问题,前面已经做了比较详细的叙述,并采取了一些必要的措施。Regarding the problem of electrostatic discharge, a more detailed description has been made earlier, and some necessary measures have been taken.

2).轴承或其它金属零部件破损2). Bearings or other metal parts are damaged

轴承或其它金属零部件破损,会产生火花。因此,在选择轴承时,要充分考虑轴承的寿命和承载能力,考虑充足的安全系数,使轴承的承载能力远远超过实际的负荷水平,杜绝轴承破损的可能性。Damaged bearings or other metal parts can generate sparks. Therefore, when choosing a bearing, it is necessary to fully consider the life and load capacity of the bearing, and consider a sufficient safety factor, so that the bearing capacity of the bearing far exceeds the actual load level, and the possibility of bearing damage is eliminated.

3).热表面3).Hot surface

热表面是引爆点燃的一个因素,在设计的装置中,避免使用高速旋转副,从而避免产生热表面。经过验算,装置中的旋转副,工作时使装置温度的升高是微不足道的。Hot surfaces are a factor in detonation ignition, and in the designed setup, the use of high-speed rotating pairs is avoided, thereby avoiding the creation of hot surfaces. After checking, the rotating pair in the device makes the temperature increase of the device insignificant when it is working.

Claims (9)

1. petroleum products pipeline leakage control device, it is characterized in that it is by endless track installation [4], executive system, the support system of removing obstacles [8], leakage of oil recovering device [1], twisted and released of the cable wire system [10], support platform system [9], hydraulic system [6], electric control system [7], telechirics [11], monitoring system [5] is formed, endless track installation [4] is positioned at support platform system [9] below, support platform system [9] top is followed successively by hydraulic system [6], twisted and released of the cable system [10], leakage of oil recovering device [1] and the support system of removing obstacles [8], electric control system [7] is passed through cable, twisted and released of the cable system [10] is connected with each several part, and the output signal of electric control system [7] is distinguished teletransmission to endless track installation [4] through hydraulic system [6], little swing arm [2], big swing arm [3] and leakage of oil recovering device [1]; Monitoring system [5] is by telechirics [11] remote-control operation; Package unit has explosion-proof performance.
2. a kind of petroleum products pipeline leakage control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described endless track installation [4] is made up of vehicle frame, rubber belt track [20], holder chain gear apparatus [17], thrust wheel device [18], tension device [16], driving wheel device [19] and running motor, a driving wheel device [19] is respectively adorned in the both sides of cuboid shape vehicle frame, and two slat gum crawler belts [20] are respectively walked around driving wheel device [19] and become the closed loop band through thrust wheel device [18], tension device [16], holder chain gear apparatus [17].
3. a kind of petroleum products pipeline leakage control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described support platform system [9] is made up of car body platform, fuel tank [14], counterweight, and fuel tank [14], counterweight place the rear portion of car body platform.
4. a kind of petroleum products pipeline leakage control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described support system of removing obstacles [8] is made up of splash apron bracket [22], the support cylinder of removing obstacles [23], oil cylinder mudguard wing [21], in the middle of the oil cylinder mudguard wing [21] of the splash apron bracket [22] that is flat on vehicle frame the place ahead one-tenth " ∏ " shape substantially, oil cylinder mudguard wing [21], the support cylinder of removing obstacles [23] is installed, oil cylinder mudguard wing [21] is shovel shape mouldboard, and the other end of two splash apron brackets [22] and the support cylinder of removing obstacles [23] all is connected with the anterior hinge of car body platform.
5. a kind of petroleum products pipeline leakage control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described executive system comprises little swing arm [2], big swing arm [3], big swing arm oil hydraulic cylinder parts [34], petty action arm hydraulic cylinder parts [30], oil collector hydraulic jack [33], connecting rod shank parts [31] are formed, big swing arm oil hydraulic cylinder parts [34] upper end is hinged with big swing arm [3] curved part of whole curved boom structure form, big swing arm oil hydraulic cylinder parts [34] lower end and big swing arm [3] root are hinged with the car body platform respectively, big swing arm [3] links with the little swing arm of monolithic construction form [2] hinge, little swing arm [2] the other end and oil collector hinge link, between big swing arm [3] curved part front upper place and little swing arm [2] tail end petty action arm hydraulic cylinder parts [30] are installed, be connected with oil collector hydraulic jack [33] between little swing arm [2] middle and upper part and the oil collector, and oil collector hydraulic jack [33] is to be connected with oil collector by the connecting rod shank parts that rocking bar [32] is formed.
6. a kind of petroleum products pipeline leakage control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described leakage of oil recovering device [1] comprises collection tube bracket component [24], collection tube [25], oil collecting cover [35], protection pawl [36], needle-like spike [37], fluid collecting pipe [39] be connected stiffening element [38], the thin termination of taper straight-tube shape oil collecting cover [35] is by the fixing fluid collecting pipe [39] of collection tube bracket component [24], fluid collecting pipe [39] receives oil pipe [25], a thick mouthful peripheral intervals is installed a plurality of protection pawls [36], densely covered needle-like spike [37] between the protection pawl [36], oil collecting cover [35] periphery are fixed with and connect stiffening element [38].
7. a kind of petroleum products pipeline leakage control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described twisted and released of the cable system [10] drives the explosion-proof type cable drum by anti-explosion motor [12].
8. a kind of petroleum products pipeline leakage control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described hydraulic system [6] comprises two oil hydraulic motors, big swing arm oil hydraulic cylinder, the petty action arm hydraulic cylinder, the oil collecting cover oil hydraulic cylinder, back supporting cylinder, left and right sides running gear and some solenoid directional control valves, one-way throttle valve, pilot operated directional control valve, oil sucting one-way valve, relief valve, three position four-way directional control valve, oil hydraulic motor (1) is to big swing arm oil hydraulic cylinder, the petty action arm hydraulic cylinder, left lateral is walked the motor fuel feeding, oil hydraulic motor (2) is to the oil collecting cover oil hydraulic cylinder, back supporting cylinder, right lateral is walked the motor fuel feeding, big swing arm oil hydraulic cylinder, the petty action arm hydraulic cylinder, the oil collecting cover oil hydraulic cylinder, each is controlled back supporting cylinder by a three position four-way directional control valve; Left and right sides running gear is a biliquid press pump oil supply loop, adopts identical duplex oil hydraulic pump of performance parameter and identical two the walking oil hydraulic motors of performance parameter, and a pump is separately an oil hydraulic motor fuel feeding.
9. a kind of petroleum products pipeline leakage control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described monitoring system [5] comprises camera support [26], camera parts [27], explosion-proof Projecting Lamp [29], Projecting Lamp support [28] and combustible gas detector, camera support [26] and Projecting Lamp support [28] are installed on the petty action arm hydraulic cylinder parts [30], camera parts [27] are installed on the camera support [26], and explosion-proof Projecting Lamp [29] is installed on the Projecting Lamp support [28].
CNU2006201587343U 2006-12-06 2006-12-06 Finished oil pipeline leakage control device Expired - Lifetime CN201014208Y (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101914928A (en) * 2010-08-11 2010-12-15 许世东 Intelligent crushing and loading roadway repairing machine
CN101929173A (en) * 2010-08-11 2010-12-29 许世东 Repairer for broken loading roadway
CN102312455A (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-01-11 许世东 Intelligent crushing load tunnel repair machine
CN111120432A (en) * 2020-03-05 2020-05-08 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 Rotary partition constant-pressure control system and method and tunnel cleaning robot

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101914928A (en) * 2010-08-11 2010-12-15 许世东 Intelligent crushing and loading roadway repairing machine
CN101929173A (en) * 2010-08-11 2010-12-29 许世东 Repairer for broken loading roadway
CN102312455A (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-01-11 许世东 Intelligent crushing load tunnel repair machine
CN102312455B (en) * 2010-08-11 2013-09-04 许世东 Intelligent crushing load tunnel repair machine
CN111120432A (en) * 2020-03-05 2020-05-08 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 Rotary partition constant-pressure control system and method and tunnel cleaning robot
CN111120432B (en) * 2020-03-05 2022-05-10 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 Rotary partition constant-pressure control system and method and tunnel cleaning robot

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