CN201009099Y - Machine tool main shaft device with left-hand thread function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a tool machine main shaft device with left-hand thread function can drive a cutter and executable tool retracting, contains: the tool retracting mechanism comprises a fixed seat with a shaft channel, a driving mechanism which is arranged in the shaft channel and drives the tool to rotate, a broach mechanism which is arranged in a mandrel of the driving mechanism, a broach retracting mechanism which is used for pushing the broach mechanism to execute broach retracting operation, and a left-hand thread mechanism. The tool retracting mechanism comprises a pressure cylinder unit and a piston unit arranged in a cylinder chamber of the pressure cylinder unit, wherein the piston unit is provided with a pull claw piston capable of driving the left-hand thread mechanism to tighten the mandrel and a tool retracting piston for pushing the tool retracting mechanism. Tool spindle device with left-hand thread function, when spindle device converted to the position of moving back the sword by the running position, this mandrel can be because drawing of drawing the claw piston props and stabilize and do not rotate, borrow this efficiency that reaches the quick damage of reduction component.

Description

Spindle device of machine tool with reverse buckle function

technical field

The utility model relates to a tool machine main shaft device, in particular to a tool machine main shaft device which can drive the tool machine tool to rotate, and can loosen, withdraw and replace the tool tool, and has the reverse buckle function.

Background technique

Referring to Fig. 1, the main shaft device 1 of the conventional machine tool can drive a tool 10 of the machine tool to rotate, and the tool 10 has a fastening portion 101 adjacent to the end edge, and the main shaft device 1 includes: a plurality of blocks The fixed seat 11 formed by axially butting, a driving mechanism 12 installed in the shaft channel 111 of the fixed seat 11 , a broaching mechanism 13 and a knife retracting mechanism 14 .

The drive mechanism 12 includes: an axially extending spindle 121, two pairs of bearings 122, 122' that rotatably mount the spindle 121 in the shaft channel 111, and a power source 123 that drives the spindle 121 to rotate. , the mandrel 121 has an axially penetrating clamping channel 124, and the clamping channel 124 has a tapered clamping section 125 closely fitting and interlocking with the tool 10, and a clamping section expanding toward the radially outer end. The claw retreat section 126, each bearing 122 has an outer ring sleeve 127 fixedly fit on the inner ring wall surface of the fixed seat 11, an inner ring sleeve 128 fixedly fit on an outer ring wall surface of the mandrel 121, And a plurality of balls 129 sandwiched between the outer ring 127 and the inner ring 128 .

The broach mechanism 13 includes a pull rod 131 axially movably installed in the clamping channel 124, a jaw base 132 screwed with the pull rod 131, multiple jaws 133 mounted on the jaw base 132, A circle of spring ring 134 that makes a clamping portion 130 of the clamping jaw 133 expand outward, a pushed seat 135 that is screwed with the pull rod 131 and protrudes from the right side of the clamping channel 124, and a plurality of threads are worn on the pull rod 131 and pushed against it. The disc spring 136 is supported between a protruding shoulder 120 of the mandrel 121 and the pushed seat 135 .

This retracting mechanism 14 comprises a cylinder base 141 formed by a plurality of blocks axially butted together, and a retracting piston 142 mounted on the cylinder base 141. The above-mentioned cylinder base 141 has a cylinder chamber 143, and a hydraulic pressure The oil is introduced into or drawn out of the liquid inlet passage 144 of the cylinder chamber 143, and the retracting piston 142 has a pushed portion 145 located in the cylinder chamber 143, and a thrust portion that can protrude from the cylinder chamber 143 and can push against the pushed seat 135. stem portion 146 .

When the spindle device 1 is in a running position shown in FIG. 1 , the clamping portion 130 of the jaw 133 is engaged with the engaging portion 101 of the tool 10 . At this time, the power source 123 can drive the spindle 121 to rotate, and drive the cutter 10 to rotate through the close fit between the inner wall of the spindle 121 and the cutter 10. Shaft 121 rotates together.

Referring to FIG. 2 , when the tool 10 is to be replaced in the conventional spindle device 1 , the hydraulic oil enters the cylinder chamber 143 from the inlet channel 144 and pushes the retracting piston 142 to the left in FIG. 2 . When the retracting piston 142 is moving to the left in Fig. 2, the pushed seat 135 screwed together with the pull rod 131 is pushed against by the push rod part 146, so that the jaw seat 132 and the jaw 133 move to the left synchronously . When the clamping portion 130 of the clamping jaws 133 corresponds to the clamping jaw retraction section 126 of the clamping channel 124 , the clamping jaws 133 will retreat toward the clamping jaw retraction section 126 under the action of the spring coil 134 . At this moment, the tool 10 can be pulled away from the clamping channel 124 . When the hydraulic oil exits the cylinder chamber 143, the element that originally moved to the left will reset due to the action of the disk spring 136.

In the past, the main shaft device 1 utilizes the cooperation of the above-mentioned mechanisms to achieve the purpose of driving the tool 10 to rotate and replace the tool 10, but in order to achieve the above purpose, the outer ring sleeves 127 of these bearings 122, 122' must be fixed with the fixed seat 11. Combination, while the inner ring sleeve 128 of the bearing 122 must be combined tightly with the mandrel 121, and the pushed seat 135 and jaw seat 132 of the broach mechanism 13 are also closely attached to the inner wall of the mandrel 121. Therefore, During the process of loosening and installing the tool 10, the axial thrust applied to the thrust receiving seat 135 will be transmitted to the spindle 121, and cause the joint parts of the spindle 121 and the bearings 122, 122' to bear a relatively large axial thrust, In particular, the bearings 122 adjacent to the thrust seat 135 are small in size and cannot withstand such a large thrust. Therefore, these bearings 122, 122' are easily damaged when the spindle device 1 is in use in the past.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a tool machine main shaft device with reverse buckle function which can slow down the damage of components.

The machine tool spindle device of the utility model can drive a tool to rotate, and can loosen and assemble the tool. The tool machine spindle device includes: a fixed seat with a shaft, and a fixed seat installed in the shaft that can drive the tool to rotate. The driving mechanism, a broaching mechanism installed in a clamping channel of a mandrel of the driving mechanism, and a retracting tool used to push the broaching mechanism to move axially and switch the spindle device from a running position to a retracting position mechanism.

The retracting mechanism includes a cylinder unit and a piston unit installed in a cylinder chamber of the cylinder unit. The piston unit has a retracting piston that pushes and pulls the knife mechanism to perform the retracting operation, and a thrusting piston The claw piston that can be relatively moved closer to or away from the retracting piston, and the machine tool spindle device also includes a reverse buckle mechanism, the above-mentioned reverse buckle mechanism includes a reverse buckle seat that is fixedly combined with the spindle, and at least one The claw piston moves and can be fastened or loosened with the reverse buckle seat.

According to the tool machine spindle device with reverse buckle function described in the utility model, the claw piston has a reverse buckle part protruding from the cylinder chamber, and the reverse buckle seat has a radially protruding diameter convex ring and a diameter concave ring, The above-mentioned buckle claw has a buckle that can be fastened on the radial concave ring.

According to the tool machine main shaft device with reverse buckle function described in the utility model, the width of the buckle hook is smaller than the width of the diameter concave ring.

According to the tool machine spindle device with reverse buckle function described in the utility model, the piston unit has a liquid guide channel connected with the cylinder chamber, and the claw piston has a front piston part located in the cylinder chamber, a front piston part protruding from the front piston and a through-way that runs through the front piston part and the back-off part, and the retracting piston has a rear piston part that is arranged in front of and behind the front piston part, and a protruding from the through-way and used to push the broaching mechanism the top of the retraction knife.

According to the tool machine spindle device with reverse buckle function described in the utility model, the cylinder chamber is divided into a first space, a second space and a third space due to the setting of the front piston part and the rear piston part. The space is located between the front piston part and the rear piston part, and the first space and the third space are respectively located on opposite sides of the second space. segment, a third segment connecting the first segment and the third space, a fourth segment connecting the fourth segment and a fifth segment connecting the fourth segment and the second space.

According to the tool machine spindle device with reverse buckle function described in the utility model, the claw piston has a reverse buckle part protruding from the cylinder chamber, and the reverse buckle seat has a radially protruding diameter convex ring and a diameter concave ring, The above-mentioned buckle claw has a buckle that can be fastened on the radial concave ring.

According to the tool machine spindle device with reverse buckle function described in the utility model, the reverse buckle mechanism also includes a buckle for buckling the buckle claw on the buckle part of the claw piston.

According to the tool machine spindle device with reverse buckle function described in the utility model, the reverse buckle part of the claw piston has a reverse buckle concave ring, and the reverse buckle claw has a reverse buckle concave ring located on the opposite side of the buckle hook. There is a fixed hook inside, and this fixed hook has a slope that makes the buckle of the reverse buckle claw swing away from the radial concave ring of the reverse buckle seat.

According to the tool machine spindle device with reverse buckle function described in the utility model, the drive mechanism also includes two pairs of bearings that rotatably set the spindle in the shaft channel of the fixed seat, and a power source that drives the spindle to rotate. And this broaching mechanism comprises a pull bar that passes through the clamping channel, a jaw seat that is connected with the pull bar interlockingly, a plurality of jaws that are installed on the jaw seat and can buckle the fastening part of the cutter, multiple A spring ring for pivoting the jaws toward the tool, a pushed seat that is interlockingly combined with the pull rod and is closer to the knife retracting piston than the jaw seat, and multiple return springs that make the pull rod retreat toward the knife retracting mechanism.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that: when the main shaft device is transferred from the running position to the retracting position, the reverse buckle mechanism is used to tighten and position the mandrel, so that the axial thrust of the loosening tool can be prevented from acting on the mandrel and the tool completely. The mandrel is fixedly connected to other components, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the damage of the components.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a combined sectional view of a conventional machine tool spindle device, in which the spindle device is located in a running position;

Fig. 2 is a combined sectional view similar to Fig. 1, in which the main shaft device is located at a retracting position;

Fig. 3 is a combined sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the main shaft device of the present invention, in which the main shaft device is located in a running position;

Fig. 4 is a partial sectional enlarged view similar to Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a combined sectional view similar to Fig. 3, in which the main shaft device is located at a retracting position;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 5 .

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in detail below through preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a preferred embodiment of the tool machine spindle device of the present invention can be installed with a tool 10 and drive the tool 10 to rotate. The tool 10 has a fastening part that can be fastened by the spindle device 101 , the main shaft device includes: a fixed seat 2 , a driving mechanism 3 for providing the rotational force of the tool 10 , a broaching mechanism 4 , a tool retracting mechanism 5 and a buckling mechanism 6 .

The fixed seat 2 includes a hollow and axially extending front fixing block 21, a hollow ring-shaped rear fixing block 22 spaced from the front fixing block 21, and two clamped on the front fixing block 21, the rear fixing block The middle fixed block 23,24 between the block 22, borrows front fixed block 21, rear fixed block 22, middle fixed block 23,24 to define a horizontal axis road 25, and above-mentioned front fixed block 21 has a position on the left side of Fig. 3 The front end ring surface 211, and a bearing ring support portion 212 adjacent to the front end ring surface 211 and protruding radially toward the shaft channel 25, and the rear fixed block 22 has a rear end ring surface 221, which is adjacent to the middle fixed block 24 of the rear fixed block 22 There is a horizontal bearing collar surface 241 .

The driving mechanism 3 of the present embodiment comprises a spindle 31 horizontally located in the shaft channel 25, two front bearings 32, two rear bearings 33, and a power source that drives the spindle 31 to rotate along its own axis. 34. Wherein the mandrel 31 has a shaft wall 312 arranged around the shaft center and defining a clamping channel 311, the shaft wall 312 has a base portion 313 in the middle, and a radially protruding clamping portion located on the left side of the base portion 313 314, a radial concave portion 315 on the right side of the base portion 313, and a spring rest portion 316 projecting from the base portion 313 to the radially inner end, and the clamping path 311 has a conical and corresponding clamping portion 314. Segment 317, a jaw retracts segment 318.

The front bearing 32 of this embodiment is interposed between the bearing ring part 212 of the fixed seat 2 and the clamping part 314 of the mandrel 31 at intervals, and the rear bearing 33 is sandwiched between the fixed seat 2 with precision sliding fit. Between the bearing ring frame surface 241 and the radial recess 315 of the mandrel 31, the above-mentioned front bearing 32 and rear bearing 33 have the same structure, and the rear bearing 33 is an example, and each rear bearing 33 has a precision sliding fit with the middle fixed block 24. A combined outer ring 331 , an inner ring 332 that is precisely slip-fitted with the mandrel 31 , and a plurality of balls 333 sandwiched between the outer ring 331 and the inner ring 332 . The power source 34 is fixedly mounted on the base 313 of the mandrel 31 and is used to drive the mandrel 31 to rotate along its own axis to drive the closely fitting tool 10 to rotate. The power source in this embodiment is an electric motor.

The broach mechanism 4 of this embodiment includes: a pull rod 41 rotatably installed in the clamping channel 311 of the mandrel 31, a jaw seat 42 screwed on a front end 411 of the pull rod 41, multiple synchronously moving ground Installed on the jaw seat 42 and has a jaw 43 with a clamping portion 430, a spring figure 44 that makes the jaw 43 have an outwardly stretching reset force, and a push rod that is screwed on a rear end 412 of the pull rod 41. Seat 45, and a plurality of return springs 46 that are sheathed on the pull rod 41 and braced between the spring rest portion 316 of the mandrel 31 and the pushed seat 45.

The knife retracting mechanism 5 of this embodiment is fixedly installed at the rear of the fixed seat 2, and includes: a cylinder unit 51 and a piston unit 52, the cylinder unit 51 has a rear end ring abutting on the rear fixed block 22 The cylinder front seat 511 on the surface 221 and the cylinder rear seat 512 abutting against the cylinder front seat 511 define a cylinder chamber 53 and a liquid guide 54 between the cylinder front seat 511 and the cylinder rear seat 512. The piston unit 52 is installed in the cylinder unit 51 and has a claw piston 521 and a retracting piston 522 . The claw piston 521 has a front piston portion 523 located in the cylinder chamber 53 and adjacent to the front seat 511 of the pressure cylinder, a reverse buckle portion 524 protruding from the front seat 511 of the pressure cylinder, and a penetrating through the front piston portion 523 and the reverse buckle portion 524. Through the passage 525, the reverse buckle portion 524 has a concave reverse buckle concave ring 520 at a position protruding from the front seat 511 of the cylinder, and the retracting piston 522 has a rear piston portion 526 adjacent to the rear seat 512 of the cylinder, And a retracting top 527 protruding from the through-way 525 , the above-mentioned retracting top 527 is axially corresponding to the pushed seat 45 of the broach mechanism 4 .

After assembly, the cylinder chamber 53 is partitioned by the piston unit 52 into an annular first space 531 between the front seat 511 and the front piston portion 523 of the cylinder, and an annular space between the front piston portion 523 and the rear piston portion 526. The second space 532, and an annular third space 533 between the rear piston portion 526 and the cylinder rear seat 512, wherein the third space 533 is larger than the first space 531, and the liquid guiding channel 54 has an axial first A section 541, a second section 542 radially connecting the first section 541 and the first space 531, a third section 543 radially connecting the first section 541 and the third space 533, and an axial fourth section 544 , and a fifth section 545 connecting the fourth section 544 and the second space 532 .

The reverse buckle mechanism 6 of the present embodiment comprises a reverse buckle seat 61 screwed at the end of the radial recess 315 of the mandrel 31, a plurality of reverse buckle claws 62 surrounding the reverse buckle portion 524, and a circle elastically binding each The reverse buckle claw 62 is engaged with the ring buckle 63 on the reverse buckle portion 524 of the pull claw piston 521 . Wherein the reverse buckle seat 61 has a radially protruding diameter convex ring 611, and a diameter concave ring 612 located on the left side of the diameter convex ring 611, and each reverse buckle claw 62 has a diameter extending into the diameter concave ring 612. A clasp 621 and a clasp 622 that is hooked in the reverse buckle concave ring 520 of the reverse buckle portion 524 . The width of the buckle 621 is smaller than the width of the radial concave ring 612, and the fixed hook 622 has an inclined surface 623, so that the buckle 621 of the anti-button claw 62 can pivot toward the radially outer end with the ring buckle 63 as a fulcrum, so that the The buckle claw 62 and the buckle seat 61 are untied.

When the main shaft device of the present utility model is located at a rotational position of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the clamping part 430 of the clamping jaw 43 pivots toward the center, and engages with the fastening part 101 of the tool 10 in interlocking motion. The space 532 is the largest, and the retracting top 527 of the retracting piston 522 will retract into the through passage 525 and be separated from the pushed seat 45, while the clasp 621 of the reverse buckle claw 62 is only located in the diameter of the reverse buckle seat 61. In the concave ring 612, the two are not fastened together. When the power source 34 drives the mandrel 31 to rotate, it can drive the tool 10 to rotate synchronously. Since the structure and action principle of this part are the same as the previous design, no further description will be given.

Referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, when the utility model is to be switched from the operating position in Fig. 3 to the tool retracting position in Fig. 5, it is first necessary to stop the power source 34, and then allow the hydraulic oil to enter the liquid guide from the first section 541. In the passage 54, when the hydraulic oil enters from the first section 541, the hydraulic oil will enter the first space 531 and the third space 533 from the second section 542 and the third section 543 respectively, and then force the claw piston 521 and the retracting piston The front piston part 523 and the rear piston part 526 of 522 are close together, and the hydraulic oil originally located in the second space 532 will be discharged from the fifth section 545 to the fourth section 544 at this time. Among them, the hydraulic oil entering the third space 533 will push the retracting piston 522 to the left, and thus push the components such as the pushed seat 45 and the pull rod 41 to move to the left. When step 318, under the action of the spring ring 44, the clamping jaw 43 will pivot toward the radially outer end, so that the tool 10 can be pulled away.

At the same time, the hydraulic oil entering the first space 531 will push the claw piston 521 to the right, and drive the reverse buckle claw 62 to move to the right together. When the protruding ring 611 is locked and snapped together, it will give the mandrel 31 and the broach mechanism 4 a positioning force, which can overcome the left push force applied to the mandrel 31 when the pull rod 41 is pushed. When the mandrel 31 will not be forced to move to the left due to the axial movement of the pull rod 41, the front bearing 32 and the rear bearing 33, which are originally sandwiched between the mandrel 31 and the fixed seat 2, will not bear excessive axial thrust. In particular the rear bearing 33 adjacent to the retraction mechanism 5 . Therefore, the utility model changes the structure of the knife retracting mechanism 5 and adds the design of the buckle mechanism 6 at the same time, which has the functions of avoiding damage to the components and prolonging the service life of the components, and has industrial applicability.

Claims (9)

1. tool machine spindle device with left-hand thread function, can drive cutter rotation, and can move back and assemble this cutter by pine, above-mentioned tool machine spindle device comprises: holder with an axle track, one are installed in the axle track and can drive tool-broaching mechanism in the clamping road of the driving mechanism of cutter rotation, an axle that is installed in driving mechanism, and one is used for the axially movable retraction mechanism of pushing tow tool-broaching mechanism;

It is characterized in that, this retraction mechanism comprises a pressure cylinder unit, and indoor piston unit of a cylinder that is installed in pressure cylinder unit, above-mentioned piston unit has the withdrawing piston of a pushing tow tool-broaching mechanism, and pulling claw piston, this tool machine spindle device also comprises a left-hand thread mechanism again, and above-mentioned left-hand thread mechanism comprises one and the axle left-hand thread seat of combination regularly, and at least one be located on the pulling claw piston and can with fastening of left-hand thread seat or the left-hand thread that gets loose pawl.

2. according to the described tool machine spindle device of claim 1 with left-hand thread function, it is characterized in that, this pulling claw piston has a left-hand thread portion that protrudes in the cylinder chamber, and this left-hand thread seat has a radially outstanding footpath bulge loop and a footpath scrobicular ring, and above-mentioned left-hand thread pawl has a clasp that can be located on the scrobicular ring of footpath.

3. according to the described tool machine spindle device of claim 2, it is characterized in that the width of this clasp is less than the width of footpath scrobicular ring with left-hand thread function.

4. according to the described tool machine spindle device of claim 1 with left-hand thread function, it is characterized in that, this piston unit has the drain road of and the conducting of cylinder chamber, and having one, this pulling claw piston is positioned at the indoor secondary piston portion of cylinder, a left-hand thread portion that protrudes in secondary piston portion, and one run through running through of secondary piston portion and left-hand thread portion, and this withdrawing piston has the back piston portion that is provided with before and after and the secondary piston portion, and one from running through outstanding and being used for the withdrawing top of pushing tow tool-broaching mechanism.

5. according to the described tool machine spindle device of claim 4 with left-hand thread function, it is characterized in that, this cylinder chamber is because of secondary piston portion, the setting of back piston portion and be divided into one first space, one second space and one the 3rd space, above-mentioned second space is positioned at secondary piston portion, between back piston portion, and first space and the 3rd space lay respectively at the opposition side in second space, this drain road has one first section, article one, second section of first section of the connection and first space, article one, the 3rd section of first section of connection and the 3rd space, article one, the 4th section, and one the 5th section of being communicated with the 4th section and second space.

6. according to the described tool machine spindle device of claim 5 with left-hand thread function, it is characterized in that, this pulling claw piston has a left-hand thread portion that protrudes in the cylinder chamber, and this left-hand thread seat has a radially outstanding footpath bulge loop and a footpath scrobicular ring, and above-mentioned left-hand thread pawl has a clasp that can be located on the scrobicular ring of footpath.

7. according to the described tool machine spindle device of claim 6, it is characterized in that this left-hand thread mechanism also comprises a latch closure in the left-hand thread portion that the left-hand thread dog clutch is combined in the pulling claw piston with left-hand thread function.

8. according to the described tool machine spindle device of claim 7 with left-hand thread function, it is characterized in that, has a left-hand thread scrobicular ring in the left-hand thread portion of this pulling claw piston, and having a stay hook that is positioned at the clasp opposition side and is positioned at the left-hand thread scrobicular ring on this left-hand thread pawl, this stay hook has a clasp that makes the left-hand thread pawl can put inclined-plane from the footpath of left-hand thread seat scrobicular ring.

9. according to the described tool machine spindle device of claim 7 with left-hand thread function, it is characterized in that, this driving mechanism also comprises two pairs of bearings in the axle track that axle is erected at holder with rotary way, and power source that drives this axle rotation, and this tool-broaching mechanism comprises a pull bar that is located in the clamping road, a jaw seat that is connected linkedly with pull bar, a plurality of jaws that are installed on the jaw seat and can fasten the buckling parts of cutter, a plurality of turns that make jaw toward cutter pivot pendulum, one and pull bar linkedly in conjunction with and more be adjacent to the seat that pushed away of withdrawing piston and a plurality of back-moving spring that pull bar is retreated toward the retraction mechanism direction than the jaw seat.

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