CN200994112Y - Three-phase photovaltaic grid-connected inverter - Google Patents
Three-phase photovaltaic grid-connected inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN200994112Y CN200994112Y CNU2006201753396U CN200620175339U CN200994112Y CN 200994112 Y CN200994112 Y CN 200994112Y CN U2006201753396 U CNU2006201753396 U CN U2006201753396U CN 200620175339 U CN200620175339 U CN 200620175339U CN 200994112 Y CN200994112 Y CN 200994112Y
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种三相光伏并网逆变器，包括三个结构相同的逆变单元以及各逆变单元的控制单元，各逆变单元的输入端分别与太阳能电池板阵列的储能单元相连，三个逆变单元的输出端星形连接后可与电网连接，所述控制单元包括可采集电网中各相幅值和频率的信号采集模块以及对信号采集模块采集的信号进行处理后对逆变单元可否接入电网进行控制的主控模块。该逆变器效率高、可靠性高，能使并网电流谐波含量变得极小，特别适用于电能质量较差的地区光伏的并网发电。
The utility model relates to a three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, which comprises three inverter units with the same structure and control units of each inverter unit, and the input ends of each inverter unit are respectively connected with the energy storage unit of the solar panel array. The output terminals of the three inverter units can be connected to the power grid after being star-shaped connected. The control unit includes a signal acquisition module that can collect the amplitude and frequency of each phase in the power grid, and the signal collected by the signal acquisition module is processed. Whether the inverter unit can be connected to the grid to control the main control module. The inverter has high efficiency and high reliability, and can minimize the harmonic content of grid-connected current, and is especially suitable for photovoltaic grid-connected power generation in areas with poor power quality.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to photovoltaic generation and technical field of electricity, is specifically related to a kind of three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device.
Background technology
Because the crisis of global energy resource, factors such as increasings day by day of environmental pollution impel more and more countries to come to realise to be strengthened regenerative resource and develops the only way that is only the serious day by day energy of reply and environmental problem, realization sustainable development.And solar energy becomes green energy resource most active in the renewable new forms of energy because of its cleaning, efficiently and never depleted characteristics.The technology of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of solar energy by the direct feed-in electrical network of parallel network reverse device, because of it need not energy storage, unique advantage such as simple in structure, makes solar energy it become the focus of countries in the world expert research and development very soon.Solar grid-connected operational mode also becomes a kind of principal mode of photovoltaic application rapidly.
Solar grid-connected electricity generation system core is the parallel network reverse controller.In the high-power Power Plant Design that is incorporated into the power networks, all adopt the three-phase grid way of output, so the performance quality of three-phase grid-connected inverter has determined that can whole power station the stability and safety operation.At present, the main dependence on import of high-power combining inverter, but because domestic various places power grid quality difference is bigger, in the relatively poor area of power grid quality, often three-phase voltage is unbalanced, wave distortion is bigger, at this moment, the grid-connected current harmonic content will appear in three-phase grid-connected inverter to be increased, and system effectiveness reduces, problems such as fluctuation of service, even cisco unity malfunction.
The utility model content
Problem to be solved in the utility model is at the existing above-mentioned deficiency of parallel network reverse controller in the prior art, a kind of high efficiency, high reliability are provided, can make the minimum three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device of grid-connected current harmonic content, this inverter is particularly suitable for generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of the relatively poor regional photovoltaic of the quality of power supply.
Solve technical scheme that the utility model technical problem adopted and be the inversion unit that this three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device comprises that three structures are identical and the control unit of each inversion unit, the input of each inversion unit links to each other with the energy-storage units of solar panel array respectively, can be connected with electrical network after the output Y-connection (meeting three-phase four-wire system) of three inversion units, described control unit comprises signal acquisition module and the main control module that can gather each phase amplitude and frequency in the electrical network, and main control module is handled the back to the signal of signal acquisition module collection inversion unit is carried out drive controlling and could insert electrical network controlling.
Wherein, described inversion unit can comprise the full-bridge circuit of being made up of four IGBT devices, two brachium pontis of full-bridge circuit link to each other with the energy-storage units of solar panel array, two brachium pontis link to each other with the primary coil of a transformer in addition, the transformer secondary output coil connects the A.C. contactor that is opened and closed by master control module controls, and A.C. contactor links to each other with electrical network.
Preferably, also can be connected with reactor and the electric capacity that is used for filtering in the primary coil of described transformer, also can be connected with the alternating current filter that is used for filtering in its secondary coil.
Preferably, main control module adopts the high speed digital signal processor dsp chip, and it comprises PWM generation module, capture module and AD modular converter.
The high speed digital signal processor dsp chip adopts the 16 bit DSP chip TMS320LF2407A that are exclusively used in industrial control field as the main control module of controlling core, control each and can both independently follow the tracks of the variation of frequency, phase place and the amplitude of line voltage fast mutually, it comprises PWM generation module, capture module and AD modular converter.
Wherein, signal acquisition module comprises and can gather the panel array voltage U
dThe d. c. voltage signal acquisition module and gather line voltage U
a, U
b, U
cAnd power network current I
a, I
b, I
cSignal acquisition module, when the panel array voltage U
dWhen reaching setting voltage, the input line voltage U of main control module by signal acquisition module is gathered
a, U
b, U
cWith power network current I
a, I
b, I
cCome the amplitude and the frequency of detection of grid voltage, after the capture module in the main control module obtains the synchronized signal, by the digital phase-locked loop in it output voltage of inversion unit and the phase place of line voltage are kept synchronously, and the output voltage amplitude of adjusting inversion unit, make it with after the line voltage amplitude is consistent, the acquisition module that main control module instruction inversion unit inserts electrical network panel array voltage U d adopts linear optical coupling HCNR200.Promptly in signal acquisition module, gather the panel array voltage U by linear optical coupling HCNR200
d
Line voltage U
a, U
b, U
cThe acquisition module device adopts the voltage sensor of current mode, ripple after filtration after the voltage sensor of signal by current mode isolated, behind phase compensating circuit, divide two-way output, the zero-crossing comparator of leading up to obtains the synchronizing signal of line voltage and sends into the seizure input port of main control module, and the AD input port of main control module is directly sent on another road.
Power network current I
a, I
b, I
cAcquisition module adopts Hall current sensor, by sending into the AD input port of main control module after Hall current sensor collection and the isolation.
Like this, can be after match synchronously by three separate single-phase parallel network reverse unit outputs with solar energy feed-in three phase network.
The utility model is compared with existing three-phase grid-connected inverter, has following beneficial effect:
One, when the three-phase in the line voltage was unbalanced, each all can follow the tracks of the variation of frequency, phase place and the amplitude of line voltage mutually fast grid-connected current, and the grid-connected current total harmonic distortion obviously reduces stable output power, system's stable and reliable operation.
Its two, when line voltage resultant distortion rate surpassed 5%, grid-connected current resultant distortion rate was still less than 4%.
Its three, compare with directly utilizing three single-phase grid-connected inverters, the utility model can carry out incorporating into of three-phase synchronously and withdraw from, and has reduced the number of contacts of the incoming transport contactor that is incorporated into the power networks, and has saved the cabinet space, has reduced the manufacturing cost of whole system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams of the present utility model
C1-storage capacitor L1, L2, L3-reactor C2, C3, C4-electric capacity Fa, Fb, Fc-alternating current filter K1, K2-A.C. contactor Ua, Ub, Uc-line voltage Ia, Ib, Ic-grid-connected current Ud-solar panel array voltage Q1-Q12-IGBT modular unit SY1, SY2-synchronizing signal
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
Following embodiment is indefiniteness embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model inverter comprises the inversion unit that three structures are identical and the control unit of each inversion unit.
Three single-phase grid-connected inversion units are imported in solar panel array output respectively behind storage capacitor C1, each inversion unit comprises by 4 IGBT set of devices and becomes full-bridge circuit, full-bridge circuit output is through after a reactor (L1, L2 or L3) and electric capacity (C2, C3 or the C4) filtering, connect the primary coil of Industrial Frequency Transformer (T1, T2 or T3), the secondary coil of Industrial Frequency Transformer is isolated and voltage of transformation, by alternating current filter (Fa, Fb or Fc), last three inversion units output inserts electrical network by A.C. contactor K1 and K2 respectively after adopting Y-connection again.
Control unit comprises main control module and signal acquisition module.The master control module controls chip adopts the high-performance 16 bit DSP chip TMS320LF2407A of industrial design special use in the present embodiment, the built-in PWM generation module of this processor can produce the SPWM modulation signal, and capture module can be caught synchronizing signal and 10 ultra high speed A modules of line voltage fast.Utilize the inner PWM generation module of dsp chip to generate the Sine Modulated pulse, the driver module of forming through the IGBT device provides drive signal for inverter bridge.
In the present embodiment, each inversion unit all has independent of its employing of controlling independently main control module and signal acquisition module.
Simultaneously, be the mode of three independent inversion units combination three-phases because the utility model inverter adopts, therefore must guarantee the synchronous access of three inversion units and withdraw from.Native system adopts master-slave control method to realize this function, promptly three independently inversion unit be divided into a master unit, two are made as from the unit in addition, the setting of master-slave unit is to utilize the diverter switch of control module to realize.Wherein, master unit is coordinated the output of three inversion units, and the switching of control A.C. contactor K1 and K2 is with the synchronous access that guarantees three-phase with withdraw from electrical network.This mode is controlled simply, and is stable and reliable for performance.
Signal acquisition module is gathered solar panel array voltage U d, line voltage Ua, Ub or Uc and grid-connected current Ia, Ib, Ic with the fixed frequency of 12K.Wherein direct voltage Ud adopts linear optical coupling HCNR200 to realize the direct voltage collection, and signal acquisition module and high voltage bus are isolated.Three phase network voltage U a, Ub and Uc adopt the voltage sensor of current mode to isolate back filtering, its output is divided into two-way behind phase compensating circuit, the zero-crossing comparator of leading up to obtains the synchronizing signal of line voltage and sends into the seizure input port of dsp chip, the AD input port of dsp chip is directly sent on another road, finishes data sampling by its inner AD modular converter.Send into the AD input port after grid-connected current Ia, Ib and Ic isolate by the Hall current sensor of the high accuracy and the linearity and carry out high-speed sampling.By software phase-lock loop control output current Phase Tracking electric network voltage phase, realize unity power factor again.
During work, the main control module dsp chip constantly carries out high-speed sampling and AD conversion to the input signal of signal acquisition module, when solar panel array voltage U d output reaches setting voltage, main control module begins the amplitude and the frequency of detection of grid voltage, if line voltage amplitude, frequency all within normal scope, the preparation that begins to be incorporated into the power networks of the utility model system.At first, after capture module in the main control module obtains the synchronized signal, realize that by its inner digital phase-locked loop the phase place of inverter output voltage and line voltage keeps synchronously, before incorporating into, regulate the inverter output voltage amplitude, make itself and line voltage amplitude in full accord, to reduce the impulse current that is incorporated into the power networks of system.
After each satisfies the condition that is incorporated into the power networks from the unit, just send out and be ready to signal to master unit, after the main control module in the master unit detects three unit and all is ready to, main control unit control adhesive A.C. contactor K1 and K2, the power that begins to be incorporated into the power networks is exported.If when monitoring isolated island generation or this phase voltage, electric current or temperature anomaly from the unit; send out fault-signal just for the main control module dsp chip in the master unit; in a single day main control module has detected the fault-signal input; disconnect A.C. contactor K1 and K2 at once; inversion output is disconnected from electrical network, so the utility model system possesses phase shortage, overload, short circuit, anti-isolated island and overheat protective function.
The IGBT driver module comprises modulation signal buffer circuit and power amplification circuit two parts, wherein signal isolation circuit is isolated modulation signal and high-voltage power circuit that the DSP control circuit provides by speed-sensitive switch light lotus root, drive signal after the isolation is amplified drive current through power amplification circuit, so that the IGBT device can turn on and off fast, and reduce its switching loss.The drive signal that each inversion unit provides by its driver module is controlled the alternate conduction and the shutoff of corresponding 4 IGBT devices, and drive signal adopts the sinusoidal pulse width modulation mode to produce, therefore, the duty ratio of every group of IGBT also changes with sinusoidal rule, thereby realization is the inversion of solar DC electricity and modulating signal phase and the corresponding to alternating current of amplitude.
IGBT driver module drive control signal is exactly the sinusoidal pulse width modulation signal, it is the pulsewidth that amplitude and output current according to electrical network calculate pwm signal, promptly adjust output voltage amplitude and output current, thereby guarantee that inverter is identical with voltage magnitude, phase place and the frequency of electrical network, output current guarantees within cut-off current.
Consider the area that power grid quality is relatively poor, the wave distortion of line voltage is bigger, cause the total harmonic wave of grid-connected current to increase, pass through high speed acquisition line voltage value in the native system, and relatively obtain the SPWM modulation signal with this value of collection and triangular wave, make that grid-connected current resultant distortion rate effectively reduces the harmonic pollution to electrical network still less than 4% when line voltage resultant distortion rate surpasses 5%.
Claims (9)
1. three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device, it is characterized in that comprising the inversion unit that three structures are identical and the control unit of each inversion unit, the input of each inversion unit links to each other with the energy-storage units of solar panel array respectively, can be connected with electrical network after the output Y-connection of three inversion units, described control unit comprises signal acquisition module and the main control module that can gather each phase amplitude and frequency in the electrical network, and main control module is handled the back to the signal of signal acquisition module collection inversion unit is carried out drive controlling and could insert electrical network controlling.
2. three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described each inversion unit comprises the full-bridge circuit of being made up of four IGBT devices, two brachium pontis of full-bridge circuit link to each other with the energy-storage units of solar panel array, two brachium pontis link to each other with the primary coil of a transformer in addition, the transformer secondary output coil connects the A.C. contactor that is opened and closed by master control module controls, and A.C. contactor links to each other with electrical network.
3. three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device according to claim 2 is characterized in that also being connected with reactor and the electric capacity that is used for filtering in the primary coil of described transformer, also is connected with the alternating current filter that is used for filtering in its secondary coil.
4. according to the described three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that main control module adopts the high speed digital signal processor dsp chip, it comprises PWM generation module, capture module and AD modular converter.
5. three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device according to claim 4 is characterized in that the high speed digital signal processor dsp chip adopts 16 bit DSP chip TMS320LF2407A.
6. three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that signal acquisition module comprises the signal acquisition module that can gather panel array voltage U d and gathers line voltage Ua, Ub, Uc and power network current Ia, Ib, the signal acquisition module of Ic, when panel array voltage U d reaches setting voltage, the input line voltage Ua that main control module is gathered by signal acquisition module, Ub, Uc and power network current Ia, Ib, Ic comes the amplitude and the frequency of detection of grid voltage, after the capture module in the main control module obtains the synchronized signal, by the digital phase-locked loop in it output voltage of inversion unit and the phase place of line voltage are kept synchronously, and the output voltage amplitude of adjusting inversion unit, make it with after the line voltage amplitude is consistent, main control module instruction inversion unit inserts electrical network.
7. three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device according to claim 6 is characterized in that the panel array voltage U
dAcquisition module adopts linear optical coupling HCNR200.
8. three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device according to claim 6 is characterized in that line voltage U
a, U
b, U
cThe signal acquisition module device adopt the voltage sensor of current mode, ripple after filtration after the voltage sensor of mains voltage signal by current mode isolated, behind phase compensating circuit, divide two-way output, the zero-crossing comparator of leading up to obtains the synchronizing signal of line voltage and sends into the seizure input port of main control module, and the AD input port of main control module is directly sent on another road.
9. three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device according to claim 6 is characterized in that power network current I
a, I
b, I
cSignal acquisition module adopt Hall current sensor, by the Hall current sensor collection and send into the AD input port of main control module after isolating.
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| CNU2006201753396U CN200994112Y (en) | 2006-12-18 | 2006-12-18 | Three-phase photovaltaic grid-connected inverter |
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| CNU2006201753396U CN200994112Y (en) | 2006-12-18 | 2006-12-18 | Three-phase photovaltaic grid-connected inverter |
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| CN101820230A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2010-09-01 | 韩新建 | High-frequency isolation type grid-connected inverter |
| CN101950976A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-01-19 | 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） | Grid-connected operation method of grid-connected type photovoltaic inverter |
| CN102055226A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2011-05-11 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Charge and discharge device for on-board battery and control method of charge and discharge device |
| CN102122897A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-07-13 | 浙江昱能光伏科技集成有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic three-phase micro inverter and solar photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN102185507A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-09-14 | 浙江昱能光伏科技集成有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic three-phase micro-inverter and solar photovoltaic generation system |
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