CN200978253Y - Ultra-strong and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a superstrong high-speed train glass that pierces through, including outer glass, inlayer glass, PVB intermediate level, outer glass, inlayer glass's surface has through soaking in potassium nitrate high temperature molten salt groove and the impact ion exchange layer that forms, and the thickness on ion exchange layer is 10 ~ 60 microns. The utility model discloses utilize the potassium ion in the potassium nitrate fused salt and the abundant exchange of sodium ion on glass surface for the great potassium ion of ionic radius has replaced the less sodium ion of ionic radius, causes the extrusion of glass surface layer and has formed the precompression stress layer that has certain exchange layer degree of depth, and the ion exchange layer that shocks resistance promptly, glass surface compressive stress can reach more than 350MPa, has effectively improved the ability that high-speed train glass resisted the impact foreign object, and glass anti-penetrability is showing and is improving.

Description

Ultra-strong and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass

technical field

The utility model belongs to glass, in particular to a super-strong high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass.

Background technique

In my country, the windshield glass for locomotives usually adopts the tempered/interlayered structure of sodium calcium silicon system or ordinary glass sandwich structure of sodium calcium silicon system. Tempered glass is produced through the traditional air-cooled tempering process. The pre-compression stress formed on the surface is used to improve the mechanical strength of the glass, and it has certain impact resistance to external impact objects; the interlayer technology uses two or more layers of tempered glass. Or ordinary glass is combined by one or more intermediate layers of PVB (chemical name: polyvinyl butyral). Using the bonding performance of PVB, it is used to resist the impact/penetration of certain objects, so that the impacted When the glass is broken, it will be bonded to each other and will not splash around, preventing the broken glass from hurting the passengers. Although this kind of glass has a certain resistance to impact, it is not strong enough to meet the needs of high-speed trains for front windows. In order to improve the strength of the glass, the traditional technology usually adopts the tempered laminated glass structure. Due to the limitations of the tempered glass process, it cannot meet the requirements of the high-speed train for the linear design of the glass flow. In addition, the tempering process of the glass cannot guarantee the optical performance requirements of the glass; tempered glass Once broken during driving, the formed small particles will hinder the sight of the passengers and cause potential secondary accidents; Hot bending technology meets the requirements of streamlined design, but due to its low foundation strength, it cannot meet the high penetration resistance requirements of trains; the probability of glass damage during use is also high, resulting in increased replacement frequency and affecting the normal operation of trains.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-strength, high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

The utility model is realized in the following way: a super-strength and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass includes an outer glass, an inner glass, and a PVB intermediate layer. The surfaces of the outer glass and the inner glass have chemically strengthened The formed anti-shock ion exchange layer (one layer of pre-stressed ion exchange layer) can resist the impact of external force.

The thickness of the ion exchange layer may be 10-40 microns.

The ion exchange layer may be provided on the outer and inner surfaces of the glass.

The thickness of the outer glass may be 3-10 mm, the thickness of the inner glass may be 3-10 mm, and the thickness of the PVB (chemical name: polyvinyl butyral) middle layer may be 1.52-10.64 mm.

The PVB interlayer can have several layers.

The side of the inner glass facing the passenger can be pasted with an explosion-proof film

The surface of the inner glass can be pasted with one or more layers of polyester explosion-proof films with a thickness of more than 0.1 mm.

The outer surface of the inner glass can be provided with an explosion-proof composite layer, and the explosion-proof composite layer is composed of a polyurethane film layer and a polycarbonate plate layer.

The thickness of the polyurethane film layer can be more than 2 mm, and the thickness of the polycarbonate plate layer can be more than 1.5 mm.

Because the utility model has an anti-impact ion exchange layer formed by soaking in a high-temperature potassium nitrate salt tank at 400-550°C on the surface of the glass, the potassium ions in the molten salt of potassium nitrate are fully exchanged with the sodium ions on the glass surface, so that Potassium ions with a larger ionic radius replace sodium ions with a smaller ionic radius, causing the extrusion of the glass surface layer to form a surface pre-compression stress layer with a certain depth of the exchange layer, that is, the impact-resistant ion exchange layer. Usually after more than 8 hours of exchange, an ion exchange layer with a thickness of at least 10 microns can be formed, and the surface compressive stress can reach more than 350 MPa, which effectively improves the ability of high-speed train glass to resist external impact objects, and the penetration resistance of the overall glass is significantly improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the glass structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the glass structure of another embodiment of the utility model pasted with an explosion-proof film;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the glass structure of another embodiment of the utility model pasted with an explosion-proof composite layer;

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in detail:

The ultra-strong and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass shown in Figure 1 shows a structure in which the PVB interlayer is one layer and the glass is two layers. According to the actual needs of the product, the PVB interlayer can also be a multi-layer structure, glass For more than two layers to form a multi-layer laminated glass structure. Referring to Figure 1, the super-strong and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass includes an outer layer glass 1, an inner layer glass 3, and a PVB interlayer 2. The anti-shock ion exchange layers 4 and 5 are formed. The specific production process is to soak the outer glass 1 and the inner glass 2 in a molten KNO ₃ salt tank at 400°C to 550°C, and fully exchange the potassium ions in the molten potassium nitrate salt with the sodium ions on the glass surface, so that the ionic radius Larger potassium ions replace sodium ions with smaller ionic radii, causing the extrusion of the glass surface layer to form a pre-compressive stress layer with a certain exchange layer depth, that is, the impact-resistant ion exchange layer 4,5. After a certain exchange time, the thickness of the impact-resistant ion exchange layers 4 and 5 can reach 10-40 microns, and the pre-compression stress on the glass surface is 350-600 MPa. Generally, impact-resistant ion exchange layers 4 and 5 with a depth of more than 10 microns can be formed after more than 8 hours of exchange, and at this time, the compressive stress on the glass surface can reach more than 350 MPa. Using this kind of chemical strengthening technology, also called chemical toughening, can greatly increase the pre-compression stress on the glass surface, improve the mechanical strength of the glass and the ability to resist any external damage. Compared with traditional laminated glass, the utility model utilizes the advantages of chemical toughened glass. The impact-resistant ion-exchange layer achieves the purpose of high-strength dispersion of impact energy, and absorbs impact energy by utilizing the toughness and penetration resistance of PVB, which greatly improves the penetration resistance of the final product, which can meet the requirements of high-speed trains on the windshield. Flying performance requirements, but also meet the appearance requirements of streamlined glass design and high optical performance requirements, the visible light transmittance of glass products can reach 65% to 85%. According to the different structures, the utility model can resist a 1 kg aluminum bullet hitting the glass at a speed of 260 km/h without penetrating, thereby protecting the personal safety of the drivers and passengers and ensuring the safety of the train. According to actual needs, the thickness of the outer glass (including the ion exchange layer 4) can be 3-10 mm, the thickness of the inner glass (including the ion exchange layer 5) can be 3-10 mm, and the thickness of the PVB middle layer is 1.52-10.64 mm.

In order to improve the safety performance of the whole glass and prevent the passengers from being damaged after the glass is broken, the surface of the inner glass 3 can be pasted with one or more layers of polyester explosion-proof film 6 with a thickness of 0.1mm or more, or the outer surface of the inner glass 3 A composite layer is arranged on the surface, and the composite layer is composed of a PU (polyurethane) film layer 7 above 2mm and a PC (polycarbonate) sheet layer 8 above 1.5mm, which can make the final product have a more advanced anti-splash effect and can fully Protect the body of drivers and passengers from tiny glass splashes, making it safer and more reliable.

Claims (9)

1. A kind of ultra-strong high anti-penetration high-speed train glass, is characterized in that: comprise outer layer glass, inner layer glass, PVB interlayer, the surface of described outer layer glass, inner layer glass has anti-shock ion exchange layer. 2. The ultra-strong and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the ion exchange layer is 10-40 microns. 3. The ultra-strong and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass according to claim 2, characterized in that: the ion exchange layer is arranged on the outer surface and the inner surface of the glass. 4. The super-strength and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the thickness of the outer glass is 3-10mm, the thickness of the inner glass is 3-10mm, and the thickness of the PVB middle layer 1.52～10.64mm. 5. The ultra-strong and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass according to claim 4, characterized in that: the PVB intermediate layer has several layers. 6. The super-strong high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that an explosion-proof film is pasted on the side of the inner glass facing the passengers. 7. The super-strength and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: one or more layers of polyester explosion-proof films of 0.1 mm or more are pasted on the surface of the inner layer of glass. 8. The super-strong high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the outer surface of the inner glass is provided with an explosion-proof composite layer, and the explosion-proof composite layer is made of a polyurethane film layer Constructed with polycarbonate plies. 9. The super-strength and high-penetration-resistant high-speed train glass according to claim 8, characterized in that: the thickness of the polyurethane film layer is more than 2 mm, and the thickness of the polycarbonate plate layer is more than 1.5 mm.

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