CN206723435U - For sensing the sensor-based system of gear rotating shaft position - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of sensor-based system for being used to sense gear rotating shaft position, the utility model will be arranged to the different first length areas magnet of magnetic direction and the second length areas magnet on one block of magnet, sense and produce the sensing electric signals of the first length areas magnet of reaction and the second length areas magnet movement；The first kind reference signal and the Second Type reference signal for the second length areas magnet of the first length areas magnet of the analog sensing of memory cell storage simultaneously, processing unit is by sensing electric signals compared with reacting the first kind reference signal and Second Type reference signal of different stalls, you can judges that gear rotating shaft is in the position of reverse gear or drive shift and neutral gear.Being realized by sensor-based system provided by the utility model only sets one block of magnet and circuit kit mechanical organ to sense gear rotating shaft position, so as to effectively realize the detection of gear rotating shaft neutral position and reverse gear position, manufacturing cost is reduced, and reduces out of order probability.

Description

Sensing system for sensing gear shaft position

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of automobile control, in particular to a sensor system based on a Hall element for sensing the position of a gear rotating shaft.

Background technique

At present, position sensors have been widely used in various industrial fields, such as the field of automobile control. The use of position sensing devices to sense the position of the gear shaft is known in the industry.

Specifically, for example, in order to save gasoline, after the car gear shaft has stayed in the neutral position for a period of time (for example, 5 seconds), the electronic control unit (Electronic Control Unit, ECU) generates a stop control signal to automatically turn off the engine of the car. . Then, when the engine control unit receives the signal that the car clutch is pressed, if the gear shaft is still in the neutral position, the ECU will generate a start control signal to automatically start the car's engine (automatic start-stop technology). Therefore, the control circuit of the car needs to use a position sensing device to detect the neutral position of the gear shaft.

In addition, for driving safety, when the gear shaft of the car enters the reverse position, it is necessary to turn on the reversing lights or activate the voice device to remind pedestrians around that the car is in a reversing state. Therefore, the control circuit of the car needs to use a position sensing device to detect the reverse gear position of the gear shaft.

Traditionally, the detection of the neutral position and the reverse gear position of the gear shaft requires the use of two position sensing devices. However, due to the use of two sensing devices, two sets of magnets, two sets of circuit components and mechanical components are required, so Manufacturing costs are high. Also, due to the use of two sets of electrical and mechanical components, the probability of failure will be high.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved position sensing device, which can reduce the manufacturing cost and reduce the probability of failure.

Utility model content

In view of the above technical problems, the utility model intends to provide an improved sensing system, which can effectively sense the position of the gear shaft while reducing the manufacturing cost and the probability of failure. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

A sensing system for sensing the position of a gear rotating shaft, the gear rotating shaft is provided with a group of gear positions in its axial direction; a neutral gear and several pairs of motion gears arranged relatively on both sides of the neutral gear; one of the motion gears is a reverse gear, and the rest of the gears are all forward gears, and the sensing system include:

Sensing magnet, the sensing magnet is fixedly arranged on the gear shaft and moves with the gear shaft; the sensing magnet is divided into a first length area magnet and a second length area magnet in the axial direction; the The magnetic field direction of the magnet in the first length region is the first polarity on the side in contact with the gear rotating shaft, and the second polarity on the side away from the gear rotating shaft; the magnetic field of the magnet in the second length region The direction is that the side where the gear shaft contacts is the second polarity, and the side away from the gear shaft is the first polarity; thus the magnetic field direction of the magnet in the first length region is the same as that of the magnet in the second length region The direction of the magnetic field is opposite; and

a sensing unit, the sensing unit is configured to sense the change of the magnetic field when the sensing magnet moves; when the position of the gear shaft changes during operation, the sensing unit senses the sensing magnet The magnetic field of the magnet changes to generate a corresponding induction electrical signal; the induction electrical signal is compared with a predetermined reference induction electrical signal to indicate whether the gear shaft is in a forward gear or a reverse gear.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the first length region magnet produces a first form of magnetic field change; the second length region magnet produces a second form of magnetic field change.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, when the gear shaft moves to the remaining one or more groups of forward gears, the magnetic field of the first form sensed by the sensing unit changes to indicate the corresponding forward gear; when the gear shaft moves to the reverse gear and the corresponding forward gear, the sensing unit senses the change of the magnetic field of the second form to indicate The reverse gear or the corresponding forward gear.

The sensing system as mentioned above, further comprising: a storage unit, the storage unit is used for the first type of reference signal pre-stored for the first length region magnet and the first type of reference signal pre-stored for the second length region magnet Two types of reference signal: a processing unit, connected to the sensing unit and the storage unit, for converting the change of the magnetic field sensed by the sensing unit into an induced electrical signal, and combining the induced electrical signal with the described The first type of reference signal is compared with the second type of reference signal to determine whether the gear shaft is in a forward gear or a reverse gear.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the first type of reference signal is the induced electrical signal generated by the sensing unit in advance simulating and sensing the movement of the magnet in the first length region; the second type of reference signal is the The sensing unit pre-simulates the induced electrical signal generated by sensing the movement of the magnet in the second length region.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the first type of reference signal has several first signal reference values, and several of the first signal reference values represent the positions of a plurality of forward gears; the second type of reference The signal has a plurality of second signal reference values, the plurality of second signal reference values representing the position of the forward gear and the reverse gear;

The processing unit converts the magnetic field change sensed from the sensing unit into an induced electrical signal, and compares the induced electrical signal with a plurality of the first signal reference values and a plurality of the second signal reference values A comparison is made to distinguish the forward and reverse gears.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, when the induced electrical signal is the same as or differs from one of the first signal reference values and the second signal reference values within a specific range, the The processing unit judges that the gear shaft is in the gear corresponding to the reference value.

The sensing system as described above further includes: an indicating circuit, the indicating circuit is connected to the processing unit; when the processing unit judges that the gear shaft is in the forward gear, the processing unit will The indicating circuit is set to the first state; when the processing unit judges that the gear shaft is in the reverse gear, the processing unit sets the indicating circuit to the second state.

As in the sensing system mentioned above, the indicating circuit sends a state electric signal to the vehicle control system for the vehicle control system to judge whether to start or stop the engine.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the neutral gear position is set within the first rotation angle on both sides of the shaft axis of the gear position; the sensing unit senses the magnet in the first length region and the magnet in the second length The magnetic field strength changes in the neutral gear range of the zone magnet within the first rotation angle and generates a sensing electrical signal; the first type reference signal also has a first neutral gear reference representing the movement of the zone magnet of the first length value; said second type reference signal also has a second neutral gear reference value representative of magnet movement in a second length region;

The processing unit converts the magnetic field change sensed from the sensing unit into an induced electrical signal, and compares the induced electrical signal with a first neutral gear reference value and a second neutral gear reference value , when the induction electrical signal is the same or substantially the same as the first neutral gear reference value or the second neutral gear reference value, the processing unit judges that the gear shaft is in the neutral gear corresponding to the reference value stalls.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the magnets in the second length region correspond to the reverse gear and the corresponding forward gears; the magnets in the first length region correspond to the rest of the forward gears.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the length of the magnet in the second length region is 1/2 of the length of the magnet in the first length region.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the sensing unit is a single Hall sensing unit.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the sensing unit is a Hall sensing unit.

As in the sensing system mentioned above, the array gear positions are three pairs of gear positions, which are:

The first pair of gears are: 1st gear and 2nd gear;

The second pair of gears are: 3rd gear and 4th gear;

The third pair of gears are: 5th gear and R gear,

Wherein 1st gear, 2nd gear, 3rd gear, 4th gear, and 5th gear are forward gears, and R gear is a reverse gear.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the magnets in the first length region and the magnets in the second length region are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the sensing magnet is an integral molding.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the sensing unit is arranged relative to the sensing magnet in such a way that: when the gear shaft is in a selected neutral gear, the sensing unit and the sensing The magnets are aligned radially of the gear shaft.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the first type of reference signal and the second type of reference signal do not coincide.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the maximum value of the first type reference signal is smaller than the minimum value of the second type reference signal.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the first type of reference signal and the second type of reference signal are voltage signals, duty ratio signals or single-edge nibble transmission signals.

As in the aforementioned sensing system, the induced electrical signal is a voltage signal, a duty ratio signal or a single-sided nibble transmission signal.

In the prior art, a neutral sensor is used to sense and output the neutral position. However, it is difficult for this sensor to distinguish the forward gear position from the reverse gear position, so an additional sensor is needed to distinguish the reverse gear position.

In the utility model, a magnet is arranged as a first-length region magnet and a second-length region magnet. The magnetic field directions of the first-length region magnet and the second-length region magnet are different and correspond to different gear positions, and can respectively produce first The magnetic field change of the first form and the magnetic field change of the second form make the sensor sense the induced electric signal generated by the magnetic field change of the first form and the magnetic field change of the second form; at the same time, the storage unit is the first length region magnet The first type of reference signal and the second type of reference signal which are magnets in the second length area, the processing unit compares the induced electrical signal with the first type of reference signal and the second type of reference signal respectively, and can judge that the gear shaft is in the reverse position. The first gear is still the position of the forward gear and the neutral gear. Through the sensing device provided by the utility model, only one magnet and a set of circuit mechanical components are provided to sense the position of the gear shaft, thereby effectively realizing the detection of the neutral position and the reverse position of the gear shaft, and reducing the manufacturing cost. And reduce the probability of failure. At the same time, the original mechanical engineering design can be taken into account without changing all structural parts, sizes and shapes of the current design, and the technical effect of the utility model can be realized under the condition of only changing the magnet structure.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the sensing system of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a top view schematic diagram of the sensing system of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the gear shaft and the magnet device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the functional module of the sensing device of the present invention;

Fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of changes in the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet device sensed at different rotation angles when the sensing device corresponds to gear position 1-2;

Fig. 5b is a schematic diagram of changes in the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet device sensed at different rotation angles when the sensing device corresponds to the gear position 3-4;

Fig. 5c is a schematic diagram of the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet device sensed at different rotation angles when the sensing device corresponds to the gear position 5-R;

6 is a schematic diagram of the sensing device converting magnetic field signals into induced electrical signals at different rotation angles corresponding to different gear positions.

detailed description

Various specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings that constitute a part of this specification. It should be understood that although directional terms such as "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" etc. are used in the present invention to describe various examples of the present invention Structural parts and elements, but these terms are used herein for explanatory purposes only, based on the example orientations shown in the drawings. Since the disclosed embodiments of the present invention can be arranged in different orientations, these directional terms are for illustration only and should not be regarded as limiting. Where possible, the same or similar reference numerals used in the present invention refer to the same components.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the sensing system of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the sensing system 100 includes a magnet device 102 and a sensing device 103 . The magnet device 102 is installed on the gear shaft 101 , and the sensor device 103 is fixedly arranged above the magnet device 102 and separated from the magnet device 102 by a certain distance or gap. The gear shaft 101 can perform linear motion and rotational motion along its own axis, and the magnet device 102 can perform linear motion and rotational motion together with the gear shaft 101 . When the gear rotating shaft 101 moves linearly, the gear rotating shaft is in the neutral gear, and when the gear rotating shaft 101 rotates, the gear rotating shaft enters the corresponding forward gear or reverse gear. When the magnet device 102 moves along with the gear shaft 101 , the magnet device 102 can generate a change in magnetic induction intensity to the position (or detection position) of the sensing device 103 , thereby generating a change in the magnetic field. When the sensing device 103 is affected by the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet device 102 , the sensing device 103 can generate an induced electrical signal. As an exemplary embodiment, the sensing device 103 may include a Hall element or a magneto-resistive sensor for generating an induced electrical signal in response to a change in the magnetic field caused by a change in the magnetic induction intensity. More specifically, the sensing device 103 may include a current-carrying semiconductor membrane (current-carrying semiconductor membrane), which can generate an induced electrical signal perpendicular to the direction of the current when subjected to a change in magnetic induction intensity/magnetic field perpendicular to the surface of the membrane. The magnetic induction/magnetic field changes along the three-dimensional coordinates (Bx, By, Bz) in the gap between the magnet device 102 and the sensor device 103 . The sensing device 103 is generally designed to detect changes in the magnetic field along Bx or By in two or three dimensions.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the sensor system using the magnet device of the present invention.

The sensing device 103 should be shown above the magnet device 102. In order to better illustrate the principle of the present utility model, the sensing device 103 is schematically located on the side of the gear shaft 101 in FIG. 2, but a dotted line is used to reflect The above-mentioned actual positional relationship between the magnet device 102 and the sensor device 103 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the magnet device 102 has a length L along the longitudinal direction (or length direction) of the gear shift shaft 101 to ensure that the sensor device 103 is always on the magnet device 102 when the gear shaft 101 moves linearly along its longitudinal direction. within the effective detection area. The magnet device 102 has a width W along the transverse direction (or width direction) of the shift shaft 101 to ensure that the sensing device 103 is always within the effective detection area of the magnet device 102 when the shift shaft 101 rotates along its axis.

FIG. 2 shows the relative positions of the six gears and the magnet device 102 of a manual transmission car. The gear shaft 101 defines a group of gear positions within the stroke of linear motion, and at the same time, when the gear shaft 101 rotates, each of the several gear positions is along the two sides of the axis of the gear shaft 101. Several pairs of sports gears arranged opposite to each other at the two edges of the first corner (neutral gear angle): 1st gear 2031 and 2nd gear 2032, 3rd gear 2033 and 4th gear 2034, 5th gear 2035 and reverse gear 204 , thus forming 3 pairs of motion gears; one of the pair of gears (5th gear 2035 and reverse gear 204) at one end of the gear shaft 101 is the reverse gear 204, and the rest of the gears are all forward gears, reverse The gear 204 (R gear) is located on the lower side of the gear shaft 101 . With the linear movement of the gear shaft 101 , the magnet device 102 can move in the neutral position 2036 along with the gear shaft 101 . With the rotation of the gear shaft 101, the magnet device 102 can move linearly with the gear shaft 101 along its axial direction, and there are three working positions (1-2 gear, 3-4 gear, 5-R gear) in its axial direction. ). When the magnet device 102 is in the working position of the 1-2 gear, rotate the axis and rotate upwards to cut into the 1st gear 2031, and turn down to cut into the 2nd gear 2032; when the magnet device 102 is in the 3-4 gear working position, turn it up and cut into the 3rd gear 2033, and turn down and cut into 4 gears 2034;

Since the gear shaft 101 rotates, the first gear 2031, the third gear 2033, and the fifth gear 2035 rotate at the same angle, and the second gear 2032, the fourth gear 2034, and the R gear 204 rotate at the same angle, so how to put the gear shaft 101 in R gear 204 is distinguished from the forward gear (such as 2 gears 2032, 4 gears 2034) overlapping with the R gear 204 position, and becomes the key of the utility model.

The magnet device 102 includes a first length region magnet 201 and a second length region magnet 202 along the linear motion direction (i.e. the length direction), and the length of the second length region magnet 202 is the length of the first length region magnet 201. 1/2 (or other ratio). The setting of the magnet device 102 on the gear shaft 101 will ensure the following positional relationship: when the magnet device 102 is in the working position of the 1-2 gear or the 3-4 gear, the detection position of the sensing unit 401 of the sensing device 103 is the first position. A length region magnet 201 ; when the magnet device 102 is in the 5-R working position, the detection position of the sensing unit 401 of the sensing device 103 is the second length region magnet 202 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the gear shaft and the magnet device of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the magnetic field direction of the first length region magnet 201 and the second length region magnet 202 is opposite, for example, as shown in Fig. 2, the magnetic field direction of the first length region magnet 201 is set to the south pole (S) On the surface of the contacted gear shaft 101, the opposite side (farther side) is north pole (N) towards the sensing device 103; the second length region magnet 202 is set to the north pole (N) and is attached to the gear shaft 101 On the surface of , the opposite side is the south pole (S) facing the sensing device 103 .

Since the magnet device 102 includes a first length region magnet 201 and a second length region magnet 202, the first length region magnet 201 and the second length region magnet 202 are opposite to the magnetic field direction of the reference magnet 001, so during sensing, the magnet device 102 During the movement of the gear shaft 101, the sensing device 103 senses the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet 201 in the first length region and outputs the induction electric signal and the sensing device 103 senses the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet 202 in the second length region. The output induction electrical signal is different. That is to say, when the magnet device 102 is in the fifth gear 2035 or the R gear 204, the detection position of the sensing unit 401 of the sensing device 103 is the magnet 202 in the second length region, while in other gears, the detection position is the first A length zone magnet 201 . Therefore, when the magnet device 102 is in the R gear 204, the sensing device 103 senses the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet 202 in the second length region, which is different from when the magnet device 102 is in the forward gear (that is, 2 2032 and 4th gear 2034), the sensing device 103 senses the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet 201 in the first length region. Through such a sensing method, the R gear is distinguished from the forward gear (that is, the 2nd gear 2032 and the 4th gear 2034 ) that coincides with the R gear, see FIG. 6 for details.

The sensing device 103 senses in advance the induced electrical signals of the magnet device 102 at different positions as the gear shaft 101 moves, and stores the induced electrical signals at different positions of the magnet device 102 as an analog reference signal in the storage unit 403. For details, see Figure 4.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the functional modules of the sensing device of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the sensing device 103 includes a sensing unit 401 , a processing unit 402 , a storage unit 403 and an indicating circuit 404 . The sensing unit 401 is used for sensing the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet device 102 . The storage unit 403 is used to store the actually measured magnetic induction intensity variation signal and the first type reference signal 601 and the second type reference signal 602 generated by sensing the magnet 201 in the first length region at different positions and the second type reference signal 602 generated by the magnet 202 in the second length region. The processing unit 402 converts the change of the magnetic induction intensity measured by the sensing unit 401 into an induced electrical signal, compares the induced electrical signal with the reference signal, thereby judging the position of the gear shaft 101, and when the gear shaft 101 is in neutral or reverse gear position, the control indication circuit 404 sends a neutral or reverse signal. According to the control of the processing unit 402 , the indicating circuit 404 sends a neutral or reverse signal to the outside of the sensing device 103 .

Before the actual sensing, the analog reference signal needs to be stored, so as to compare the actually measured induction electrical signal with the analog reference signal during the actual sensing, and then determine the position of the gear shaft 101 . The analog reference signal is obtained and stored in advance by conducting experiments on the magnet device 102 , see FIG. 6 for details.

Fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of changes in the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet device sensed at different rotation angles when the sensing device corresponds to the gear position 1-2.

As shown in Figure 5a, when the magnet device 102 continues to rotate between the first gear 2031 and the second gear 2032 along with the gear shaft 101, if the output of the sensing device 103 is sent to the oscilloscope, then it can be observed from the oscilloscope In the first curve 501 and the second curve 502 , the sensing device 103 senses the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet 201 in the first length region. In the coordinate system shown in FIG. 5a, the X coordinate represents the change of the rotation angle θ of the gear shaft 101, and the Y coordinate represents the change of the magnetic induction intensity Bx and By.

The first curve 501 represents the magnetic induction intensity change curve along the Bx dimension when the magnet device 102 sensed by the sensing unit 401 in the sensing device 103 moves along with the gear shaft 101 between the first gear 2031 and the second gear 2032. A curve 501 is a cosine function line. The second curve 502 represents the magnet device 102 sensed by the sensing device 103 as the gear shaft 101 moves between the 1st gear 2031 and the 2nd gear 2032 to extend the magnetic induction intensity variation curve along the By dimension, and the second curve 502 is a sinusoidal function Wire.

The processing unit 402 measures the first curve 501 and the second curve 502 according to the sensing unit 401, and then converts the first curve 501 and the second curve 502 into a first type of reference signal conforming to a linear function as shown in FIG. 6 The induction electrical signal of 601 is stored in the storage unit 403 , and the same is true for the second type reference signal 602 .

The processing unit 402 performs calculations in the following ways:

(1) Measure the two-dimensional relationship between By and Bx corresponding to the mechanical stroke. The actual mechanical movement positions of the shift shaft 101 corresponding to multiple sets of magnetic inductions By and Bx are measured in advance.

(2) Establish the two-dimensional relationship between the magnetic field angle θ and the mechanical stroke of the gear shaft 101:

θ=atan2(By/Bx)*180/π;

(3) Establish the functional relationship between the output induced electrical signal (V) and the magnetic field angle θ:

Y1=(b2-b1)/(a2-a1)*θ+(a2b1-a1b2)/(a2-a1);

Y2=(b4-b3)/(a4-a3)*θ+(a4b3-a3b4)/(a4-a3);

Y1 represents the calibration curve of the first type reference signal 601 corresponding to the forward gears 1, 2, 3, 4, and two calibration points are taken in the pre-sensed calibration points: 603 (a1, b1) coordinates and 604 (a2, b2) coordinates, Y1 can be obtained through the above formula; Y2 represents the calibration curve of the second type reference signal 602 corresponding to the forward gear 5 and the reverse gear R, and two calibration points 605 are taken in the pre-sensed calibration points (a3, b3) and 606(a4, b4) coordinates, Y2 can be obtained through the above formula.

Since the forward gear and the reverse gear can respectively obtain the two-dimensional linear relationship between their own separate mechanical travel and the output electrical signal V to establish multiple sets of two-dimensional relationship arrays, so which set of the above two-dimensional relationship does the electrical signal V' measured by comparison fall into? You can judge whether you are currently in forward gear or reverse gear, see the description below for details.

Fig. 5b is a schematic diagram of changes in the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet device sensed at different rotation angles when the sensing device corresponds to gear position 3-4. Using the same sensing method as corresponding to the gear position 1-2, the sensing device 103 senses the change in the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet device 102 as the gear shaft 101 continues to rotate between the third gear 2033 and the fourth gear 2034, thereby obtaining The third curve 503 and the fourth curve 504 .

The X coordinate represents the change in the rotation angle θ of the gear shaft 101, and the Y coordinate represents the change Bx and By of the magnetic induction.

As shown in FIG. 5b, the third curve 503 is the magnetic induction intensity change curve of the time delay Bx dimension of the magnet device 102 sensed by the sensing unit 401 as the gear shaft 101 moves between the third gear 2033 and the fourth gear 2034. The fourth curve 504 is the magnetic induction intensity variation curve of the time delay By dimension when the magnet device 102 is sensed by the sensing unit 401 as the gear shaft 101 moves between the third gear 2033 and the fourth gear 2034 . Since the sensing unit 401 of the sensing device 103 also senses the change in the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet 201 in the first length region when the gear shaft 101 is moving in the 3-4 gear and in the 1-2 gear, the third curve 503 is basically the same as The first curve 501 is the same, and the fourth curve 504 is substantially the same as the second curve 502 . Furthermore, the third curve 503 and the fourth curve 504 are calculated according to the same calculation method as above for gear 1-2, and the first type reference signal 601 as shown in FIG. 6 can also be obtained, see FIG. 6 .

Fig. 5c is a schematic diagram of changes in the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet device sensed at different rotation angles when the sensing device corresponds to the gear position 5-R. The X coordinate represents the change in the rotation angle θ of the gear shaft 101, and the Y coordinate represents the change Bx and By of the magnetic induction.

As shown in FIG. 5c, the fifth curve 505 is the magnetic induction intensity change curve of the Bx dimension with time delay of the magnet device 102 sensed by the sensing unit 401 as the gear shaft 101 moves between the 5th gear 2035 and the R gear 204. The sixth curve 506 is the magnetic induction intensity variation curve of the time delay By dimension when the magnet device 102 is sensed by the sensing unit 401 as the gear shaft 101 moves between the 5th gear 2035 and the R gear 204 . When the gear shaft 101 moves in the 5-R gear, the sensing unit 401 of the sensing device 103 senses the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet 202 in the second length region, because the magnet 202 in the second length region and the magnet 201 in the first length region The directions of the magnetic fields are opposite, so the sensing device 103 obtains a fifth curve 503 different from the first curve 501 , and a sixth curve 504 different from the second curve 502 . Furthermore, the fifth curve 505 and the sixth curve 506 are calculated according to the sensing calculation method corresponding to gear 1-2, and the second type of reference signal 602 as shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained.

6 is a schematic diagram of the sensing device converting magnetic field signals into induced electrical signals at different rotation angles corresponding to different gear positions.

The abscissa in Fig. 6 represents the rotation angle, and the ordinate represents the induced electrical signal output by the sensor device 103. In the present invention, pulse width modulation (Pulse Width Modulation, PWM) is used as an example for illustration. In fact, other A well-known signal method in the industry, such as a voltage signal (V) or a single-edge nibble transmission signal (SENT). In FIG. 6 , the first type reference signal 601 represents the analog reference signal of the first length region magnet 201 of the sensing device 103 sensing the magnet device 102, and the second type reference signal 602 represents the sensing device 103 sensing the analog reference signal of the magnet device 102. Analog reference signal for second length region magnet 202 . Both the first-type reference signal 601 and the second-type reference signal 602 are linear function curves. The specific calculation method of the first-type reference signal 601 and the second-type reference signal 602 has been described in detail in the part of FIG. 5 a above.

Specifically, when the magnet device 102 continues to rotate along with the gear shaft 101 , the sensing device 103 responds to changes in magnetic induction and/or magnetic field along the Bx and By dimensions generated by the magnet device 102 .

According to the first type reference signal 601 and the second type reference signal 602 in FIG. Numerical values represent different gears, so the first type reference signal 601 and the second type reference signal 602 can have several signal reference values (or ranges) respectively: 1st gear 2031 and 3rd gear 2033 correspond to analog 1st gear 3rd gear The reference signal 603 ; the analog 2nd gear 4th gear reference signal 604 corresponding to the 2nd gear 2032 and the 4th gear 2034 ; and the analog R gear reference signal 606 corresponding to the R gear 204 . In addition, one simulated neutral reference signal 607 and 608 is obtained in the middle angle region of the first type reference signal 601 and the second type reference signal 602 ; the analog fifth gear reference signal 605 corresponding to the fifth gear 2035 is obtained. Because the length ratio of the first type reference signal 601 and the second length region magnet 202 is artificially adjusted, the value distributions of the first type reference signal 601 and the second type reference signal 602 in the same coordinate system will not overlap. In actual use, different sensing signals measured are compared with the first type reference signal 601 and the second length area magnet 202 respectively, and different values are distributed in different curve areas, and the abscissa can represent different angles, thus Distinguish between reverse, forward, and neutral.

Specifically, the operation of sensing the neutral position is as follows:

In actual use, when the processing unit 402 calculates that the induced electrical signal is within the range of the simulated neutral reference signals 607, 608, the processing unit 402 instructs the indicating circuit 404 to generate a neutral position signal, and the specific steps are as follows:

In actual use, when the gear shaft 101 moves linearly, the sensing device 103 senses the magnetic induction and/or magnetic field distribution of the magnet device 102 , senses and generates two magnetic induction signals with sine and cosine shapes.

According to the aforementioned mathematical formula, the processing unit 402 converts the two magnetic induction signals with sine and cosine shapes into an induction electrical signal (output signal or a value). The induced electrical signal should fall on the first type reference signal 601 or the second type reference signal 602 as shown in FIG. 6 .

The processing unit 402 compares the obtained induced electrical signal with the range of the analog neutral reference signal 607 , 608 stored in the storage unit 403 . When the processing unit 402 judges that the induced electrical signal obtained is within the range of the analog neutral reference signal 607, 608 (the range of the array, or the difference is within a certain range), the processing unit 402 judges that the gear shaft 101 is in the neutral position, as shown in the figure The neutral angle range is shown as -12° to 12° with a dotted line, but it may be any -5° to 5° actually.

When the processing unit 402 determines that the gear shaft 101 is in the neutral position, the processing unit 402 instructs the indicating circuit 404 to send a neutral position signal to the outside of the sensing device 103 .

It should be noted that when the gear shaft 101 is in neutral 2036, there is an analog neutral reference signal corresponding to the analog reference signal of the magnet 201 in the first length region and the analog reference signal of the magnet 202 in the second length region respectively. When the actually calculated induction electrical signal is within the range of any one of the two simulated neutral reference signals 607 , 608 , it means that the gear shaft 101 is in the neutral gear 2036 .

The following is the operation of sensing the R gear position:

In actual use, the processing unit 402 calculates the induced electrical signal, and when the induced electrical signal is within the range of the analog R-range reference signal 606, the processing unit 402 instructs the indicating circuit 404 to generate the R-range position signal, and the specific steps are as follows:

In actual use, when the gear shaft 101 is in the 5-R gear working position, and rotates to the left, and cuts into the R gear 204 from the neutral gear 2036, the sensing device 103 senses the magnetic induction of the magnet device 102 and/or The magnetic field distribution, inducts and produces two magnetic induction signals with sine and cosine shapes.

According to the aforementioned mathematical formula, the processing unit 402 converts the two magnetic induction signals with sine and cosine shapes into an induction electrical signal (output signal or a value). The induced electrical signal should fall on the second type reference signal 602 as shown in FIG. 6 .

The processing unit 402 compares the obtained induced electrical signal with the analog R reference signal 606 stored in the storage unit 403 . When the processing unit 402 determines that the induced electrical signal is within the range of the analog R reference signal 606 , the processing unit 402 determines that the gear shaft 101 is in the R position.

When the processing unit 402 determines that the gear shaft 101 is in the R position, the processing unit 402 instructs the indicating circuit 404 to send a neutral position signal to the outside of the sensing device 103 .

Programs, instruction sets, or data for performing the above operations of sensing neutral and R positions can be stored in the storage unit 403 and can be executed or called by the processing unit 402 .

The gear position mode of the forward gear just measured is the same, and the actually measured induction signal will fall on the reference signal 603 of the 1st gear and 3rd gear, the reference signal 604 of the 2nd gear and the 4th gear or the reference signal 605 of the 5th gear.

The technical features in the various embodiments described above can be combined in any combination. The above are the embodiments of the utility model and the accompanying drawings. The above-mentioned embodiments and the accompanying drawings are not used to limit the scope of rights of the utility model. They are implemented with the same technical means or for the scope of rights covered by the following claims. All of them do not depart from the scope of the present utility model but are within the scope of the applicant's rights.

Claims (22)

1. A sensing system for sensing the position of a gear shaft, wherein the gear shaft is provided with an array of gear positions in its axial direction; the array of gear positions includes Several neutral gears and several pairs of sports gears arranged oppositely on both sides of the neutral gear; one of the sports gears is a reverse gear, and the rest of the gears are forward gears, which are characterized in that The sensing system includes: Sensing magnet, the sensing magnet is fixedly arranged on the gear shaft and moves with the gear shaft; the sensing magnet is divided into a first length area magnet and a second length area magnet in the axial direction; the The magnetic field direction of the magnet in the first length region is the first polarity on the side in contact with the gear rotating shaft, and the second polarity on the side away from the gear rotating shaft; the magnetic field of the magnet in the second length region The direction is that the side where the gear shaft contacts is the second polarity, and the side away from the gear shaft is the first polarity; thus the magnetic field direction of the magnet in the first length region is the same as that of the magnet in the second length region The direction of the magnetic field is opposite; and a sensing unit, the sensing unit is configured to sense the change of the magnetic field when the sensing magnet moves; when the position of the gear shaft changes during operation, the sensing unit senses the sensing magnet The magnetic field of the magnet changes to generate a corresponding induction electrical signal; the induction electrical signal is compared with a predetermined reference induction electrical signal to indicate whether the gear shaft is in a forward gear or a reverse gear. 2. The sensor system according to claim 1, characterized in that: said first length region magnet produces a first form of magnetic field variation; The second length region magnet produces a second form of magnetic field variation. 3. The sensor system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the gear shaft moves to the remaining one or more groups of forward gears, the magnetic field of the first form sensed by the sensing unit changes to indicate the corresponding forward gears; When the gear shaft moves to the reverse gear and the corresponding forward gear, the sensing unit senses the second form of magnetic field change to indicate the reverse gear or the corresponding Corresponding forward gear position. 4. The sensing system according to claim 1, characterized in that said sensing system further comprises: a storage unit for a first type of reference signal pre-stored for said first length region magnet and a second type of reference signal pre-stored for said second length region magnet; A processing unit, connected to the sensing unit and the storage unit, for converting the magnetic field change sensed by the sensing unit into an induced electrical signal, and combining the induced electrical signal with the first type reference signal Compared with the second-type reference signal, it is judged whether the gear shaft is in the forward gear or the reverse gear. 5. The sensor system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first type reference signal is an induced electrical signal generated by the sensing unit in advance simulating and sensing the movement of the magnet in the first length region; The second type of reference signal is an induced electrical signal generated by the sensing unit in advance simulating and sensing the movement of the magnet in the second length region. 6. The sensor system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first type reference signal has a plurality of first signal reference values, and the plurality of first signal reference values represent positions of a plurality of forward gears; The second type reference signal has a plurality of second signal reference values, and the plurality of second signal reference values represent the position of the forward gear and the reverse gear; The processing unit converts the magnetic field change sensed from the sensing unit into an induced electrical signal, and compares the induced electrical signal with a plurality of the first signal reference values and a plurality of the second signal reference values A comparison is made to distinguish the forward and reverse gears. 7. The sensor system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the induction electrical signal is the same as one of the reference values of the first signal and the reference value of the second signal or the difference is within a specific range, the processing unit determines the gear shaft It is in the gear corresponding to the reference value. 8. The sensing system according to claim 7, characterized in that said sensing system further comprises: an indication circuit, the indication circuit is connected to the processing unit; When the processing unit determines that the gear shaft is in the forward gear, the processing unit sets the indicating circuit to a first state; When the processing unit determines that the gear shaft is in the reverse gear, the processing unit sets the indicating circuit to a second state. 9. The sensor system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The indicating circuit sends a status electrical signal to the vehicle control system for the vehicle control system to judge whether to start or stop the engine. 10. The sensing system of claim 6, wherein: The neutral gear is set within the first rotation angle on both sides of the axis of the gear shaft; The sensing unit senses the change of the magnetic field intensity in the neutral range of the first length region magnet and the second length region magnet within the first rotation angle and generates a sensing electric signal; The first type reference signal also has a first neutral gear reference value representative of magnet motion in a first length region; The second type reference signal also has a second neutral gear reference value representative of magnet motion for a second length region; The processing unit converts the magnetic field change sensed from the sensing unit into an induced electrical signal, and compares the induced electrical signal with a first neutral gear reference value and a second neutral gear reference value , when the induction electrical signal is the same or substantially the same as the first neutral gear reference value or the second neutral gear reference value, the processing unit judges that the gear shaft is in the neutral gear corresponding to the reference value stalls. 11. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein: The second length zone magnet corresponds to the reverse gear and the corresponding forward gear; The magnets in the first length region correspond to the rest of the forward gears. 12. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein: The length of the magnet in the second length region is 1/2 of the length of the magnet in the first length region. 13. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein: The sensing unit is a single Hall sensing unit. 14. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein: The sensing unit is a Hall sensing unit. 15. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein: The array gear positions are three pairs of gear positions, which are: The first pair of gears are: 1st gear and 2nd gear; The second pair of gears are: 3rd gear and 4th gear; The third pair of gears are: 5th gear and R gear, Wherein 1st gear, 2nd gear, 3rd gear, 4th gear, and 5th gear are forward gears, and R gear is a reverse gear. 16. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein: The magnets in the first length region and the magnets in the second length region are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. 17. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein: The sensing magnet is an integral molding. 18. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein: The sensing unit is arranged relative to the sensing magnet such that when the gear shaft is in a selected neutral gear, the sensing unit and the sensing magnet along the radius of the gear shaft to align. 19. The sensing system of claim 4, wherein: The first type of reference signal and the second type of reference signal do not coincide. 20. The sensing system of claim 19, wherein: The maximum value of the reference signal of the first type is smaller than the minimum value of the reference signal of the second type. 21. The sensing system of claim 4, wherein: The reference signal of the first type and the reference signal of the second type are voltage signals, duty cycle signals or single-edge nibble transmission signals. 22. The sensing system of claim 4, wherein: The induced electrical signal is a voltage signal, a duty ratio signal or a single-sided nibble transmission signal.