CN206256800U - Hinge and door - Google Patents

Abstract

A hinge, comprising: a housing pivotally connected to the fixing member by a coupling member; the coupling piece comprises a hinge pivot and a linkage piece; the housing has an inner bore; the piston is arranged in the inner bore and can move between a first position and a second position on an axis; the piston has a head connected to the linkage such that during movement of the hinge between the closed and open positions, the piston moves between a first position and a second position; the linkage includes a guide mounted on the piston head, which includes an elongated channel transverse to the piston axis; a contact member defined so as to move within the channel and pivotally connected to the first member and the second member; the second part is pivoted to the shell; the first part is pivoted to the fixed part at a position separated from the hinge pivot; arranged so that the contact member moves along the channel between two positions, hinge open and hinge closed; and wherein the force applied by the contact member to the guide urges the piston to move between the first and second positions.

Description

hinges and doors

technical field

The utility model relates to a hinge for a door or other closing devices, in particular to a hinge for a wooden door or a glass door with a frame. The invention relates particularly, but not exclusively, to concealed or butt hinges for wooden or metal doors.

Background technique

Wooden, metal or glass doors are often heavy. Glass doors may be double or triple glazed, especially those intended for outdoor or freezer use. Wooden or metal doors can be very large and may require strong hinges that provide a positive, damped self-closing feature to avoid the need for a latch.

GB 2503753 discloses a hinge, which includes a housing, the housing is pivotally connected to a fixed member with a coupling; the coupling includes a link; the housing has a bore inside; a shuttle is provided in the bore, wherein the shuttle movable between a first position and a second position, the two positions corresponding to the open position and the closed position of the hinge; the inner cavity has a cavity, which is filled with fluid or gas; the cavity is provided with a non-movable baffle, In order to divide the inner cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber; a first passage connects the two chambers, so that fluid can flow in a single direction between the first chamber and the second chamber; wherein the shuttle has a head and including an axial member extending along the axis of the bore, the shuttle head and the axial member being arranged to slide along the bore between a first position and a second position; the return channel extending longitudinally through the shaft to the component and connect the two chambers to restrict fluid flow between the second chamber and the first chamber during the movement of the hinge from the open position to the closed position; the shuttle is connected to the linkage, Such that the shuttle moves between the first position and the second position during the movement of the hinge between the closed and open positions.

WO2012/076662 discloses a door closing device having an accumulator comprising a compressible bubble placed in a chamber filled with fluid.

A problem with known hinges is that they are relatively long, so that a correspondingly deep hole must be cut in the door in which they are fitted. Additionally, the force required to open or close the door is relatively high.

Utility model content

According to the utility model, the hinge includes:

the housing, which is pivotally connected to the fixing part by the coupling part;

The coupling includes a hinge pivot, and a linkage;

The housing has an inner bore;

A piston is provided in the inner bore, wherein the piston is movable on the axis between a first position and a second position, the two positions correspond to the open position and the closed position of the hinge;

the piston has a piston head connected to the linkage such that the piston moves between a first position and a second position during movement of the hinge between the closed position and the open position;

The linkage includes a guide mounted on the head of the piston, the guide including an elongated channel transverse to the axis of the piston;

a contact member defined to move within the channel and pivotally connected to the first member and the second member;

the second member is pivotally connected to the housing; and

the first member is pivotally connected to the fixed member at a location spaced from the hinge pivot;

it is arranged so that the contact member moves along the channel between a first hinge-open position and a hinge-close second position; and

Wherein the force applied by the contact part to the guide forces the piston to move between the first position and the second position.

The piston preferably provides force to control or restrict movement between closed and open positions. A force that restricts movement may be provided to control the opening of the hinge. Alternatively or additionally, a movement-restricting force may be provided to dampen closure of the hinge.

The contact member may comprise a roller movable in the channel. The use of rollers is preferred, which reduces friction and wear in use. However, non-rolling cylindrical or other shaped parts can also be used. Cylindrical rods are available.

In an alternative embodiment, the contact member may be a toothed gear or pinion, and the inner surface of the channel includes a correspondingly shaped rack along which the gear or pinion may move between the first and second positions. rotate between. In such an embodiment, the distance between the racks is greater than the diameter of the pinion so that only one rack is engaged at a time.

The channel is preferably perpendicular to the axis of the piston and preferably has planar, parallel faces. The faces may extend normal to the piston axis.

Alternatively, the profile of one or both of the sides may be non-linear and configured to control the force required to open and close the hinge, as will be disclosed in more detail below.

In a preferred embodiment, the channel is open on one side and closed on the other to facilitate insertion of the contact members during assembly or maintenance of the hinge.

Preferably, the contact member is at or adjacent to the closed end of the channel when the hinge is in the closed position and is at or adjacent to the open end of the channel when the hinge is in the open position. This setting allows maximum force to be applied to the piston in the closed position to maximize the damping force applied to the hinge.

The piston may include a piston cap and the guide is releasably secured to the piston cap. For example, the guide may be secured with a screw/thread type attachment.

The inventive arrangement offers various advantages over known hinges. The contact member moves along a channel perpendicular to the axis of the piston, which moves the piston axially without exerting lateral or torsional forces thereon. The contact member moves in a circular motion relative to the housing. This reduces wear on the piston and allows the use of less robust structures.

The first and second members are preferably connected to the roller or other contact member at a common pivot axis of the roller. The pivot, the pivotal connection of the first part to the mount, and the pivotal connection of the second part to the housing form a triangular arrangement. From the fully open position to the closed position, the axial travel distance of the common pivot axis of the contact members increases exponentially for each quantitative increment of angular movement of the hinge. Thus, the volume of fluid displaced by the piston increases exponentially with increasing angular rotation from the fully open position to the closed position. The volume of fluid displaced per quantitative angular increment increases from the fully open position to a maximum in the fully closed position. Therefore, the damping force is at its maximum when the hinge is close to the closed position. This arrangement allows the use of a less complex hydraulic damping mechanism structure.

The first part may be shorter than the second part so that the distance between the pivot axis of the contact part and the pivot axis of the fixing part is greater than the distance between the pivot axis of the contact part and the pivot axis of the housing distance. The use of a relatively short first part allows the amplitude of motion of the piston to be shortened while maintaining an effective damping force close to the closed position.

The present invention allows shorter pistons and therefore shorter housings. Shorter, more powerful but less expensive closing springs can be used.

Advantageously, in the fully open position of the hinge, the first part and the second part are fully extended, forming a hold-open arrangement which prevents the hinge from being opened further. In the held open position, the three pivots are aligned such that no further extension is possible.

These components are preferably included in the arms of each endpiece pivot coupling. The arms can be straight or curved.

In an alternative embodiment (which is particularly applicable, but not limited to, where the hinge is a concealed hinge), the first and second parts form an integral rigid part with a coupling between the ends for the contact part pieces. The integral part may also be integral with the fixture.

The hinge may provide a variable movement restriction force during movement from the closed to the open position.

This movement restriction force may increase as the hinge opens. This advantageously prevents, or reduces the possibility of, the door engaging the hinges from opening completely outward suddenly, thereby reducing the possibility of impact or injury to passers-by. Such hinges can also be used in places with high winds to prevent the door from being blown open.

This movement restriction force may decrease as the hinge opens. This is conducive to the convenience of the elderly, the weak or the sick to use.

The hinge may provide one or two positions where movement restriction is maximized to reduce or avoid accidental opening, which may be suitable, for example, in public places.

The channel may include an inward projection adjacent the open position extending away from the axis of the hinge to prevent the door engaged with the hinge from being held open. Such an embodiment facilitates the manufacture of fire doors, which are not permitted to be left open.

The channel may have a fully closed configuration, ie closed at both ends. Such an arrangement provides a limited amplitude of opening movement, which is a function of the length of the channel.

A kit may comprise one or more hinges as disclosed above, with interchangeable guides as in the embodiments disclosed above. Several suitable guides can be selected for each hinge during assembly of the hinge or installation to a door.

The hinge may comprise a linkage comprising a guide mounted on the piston head comprising an elongated channel perpendicular to the piston axis, and two or more guides as in the embodiments disclosed above.

In hinges that provide variable movement restriction forces when open, the profile of the channel surface facing away from the hinge pivot may be selected as disclosed above.

The hinge pivots may be concealed, or exposed butt joints between the door and frame used.

In an alternative embodiment, the butt hinge has a hinge pivot comprising a collar mounted on the hinge pin, the hinge pivot being located at a distance from the piston axis that is greater than the radius of the housing. In this arrangement, the collar of the hinge is exposed in use.

In an alternative embodiment, the distance of the hinge pivot from the piston axis is shorter than the radius of the housing so that the hinge is hidden in use.

A particularly advantageous embodiment further comprises:

The bore has a lumen filled with fluid or gas;

a non-movable baffle disposed within the lumen to divide the lumen into a first chamber and a second chamber;

a first channel connecting the two chambers so that fluid can flow in a single direction between the first chamber and the second chamber;

wherein the piston includes an axial member extending along the axis of the bore, the head of the piston and the axial member being arranged to slide along the bore between a first position and a second position;

A return passage extends longitudinally through the axial member and connects the two chambers to allow restricted fluid flow between the second and first chambers during movement of the hinge from the open position to the closed position.

The hinge of the present invention may further include a stop arrangement to keep the hinge open at a predetermined position.

In a preferred hinge, the first channel comprises a one-way valve, thereby restricting the flow of fluid during closure of the hinge to dampen the closing door in use.

Preferably, the one-way valve is arranged in the baffle. More preferably, the one-way valve connects opposite sides of the baffle. During opening of the hinge, the valve allows fluid to flow from the first chamber to the second chamber.

Preferably, the bore comprises a cylindrical bore within the housing and the piston comprises a cylindrical member disposed within the bore.

The piston shuttle includes an axial member extending along the axis of the bore. The head of the piston and the axial member are configured to slide along the bore between a first position and a second position. A cylindrical lumen surrounds the axial member disposed within the bore. The inner wall of the bore and the surface of the piston define a cavity containing hydraulic fluid.

The baffle may extend radially from the bore receiving the axial member to the inner wall of the bore. The baffle is sealed to the inner wall of the bore preventing fluid from bypassing the baffle in use. In this way, fluid is forced to flow through the one-way valve during opening of the hinge and through the return channel during closing of the hinge.

The detent arrangement may comprise a protrusion, indentation or other abutment of the piston or link arranged to engage a mating housing indentation, protrusion or abutment when the hinge is opened to a predetermined angle. Other abutments.

The protrusion may comprise a spring-loaded bead provided in the housing, which is arranged to be received by a recess, such as an annular recess provided on the outside of the shuttle or link, such as at or adjacent to One end of the shuttle or link.

In one embodiment, a pair of rods or other elongate members are spaced apart in parallel, extend on opposite sides of the shuttle and are arranged to engage abutments on the shuttle to hold the shuttle to one side of the hinge. Open location. The abutments may comprise indentations or grooves on the outer surface of the shuttle. The abutments may be provided at the end of the shuttle member abutting the pivotal coupling to the link member.

In a preferred embodiment, the return channel may comprise a plurality of channels or bores in the housing that connect the first and second chambers of the inner chamber, with one or more adjustable valves to control fluid flow in the channel. Adjustment of the valves restricts the flow of fluid in the passageway during movement of the hinge to the closed position. This can be used, for example, to prevent a door or other closure from being slammed shut.

The return channel extends longitudinally relative to the axial part. An adjustable valve may be provided at the end of the piston to regulate the flow of hydraulic fluid during hinge closure.

The hinge may comprise either or both of two preferred channel arrangements.

The damping force is also a function of the angle of the hinge. To achieve such variable damping, two or more return channels may be provided, wherein the outlets of the channels connecting the first or second chamber are arranged to be sequentially closed or opened by movement of the piston .

In a preferred embodiment, the openings of the two channels in a chamber are axially spaced apart so that the piston sequentially closes or unblocks the openings during movement of the hinge between the open and closed positions. occlusion.

The two openings are preferably located in the first chamber.

Adjustable valves can be provided in the two channels so that the maximum flow rate of the fluid can be adjusted to the user's preference eg depending on the size and weight of the attached door.

The hinge according to the invention may also comprise closing means arranged to force the hinge towards the closed position. A preferred closing arrangement may comprise a helical spring arranged to apply a closing force to a linkage linking the housing to the mount.

The closing means may be integrally provided in the housing with the damping means, or may comprise a separate hinge element. For example, a door may be mounted with two or more hinges selected from a group of damped hinges, closing hinges, pivot hinges or free swing hinges according to the individual needs of the door.

In a preferred embodiment, a spring is provided in the housing. A helical compression spring may be provided around the piston and arranged to be compressed during movement of the hinge to the open position.

The fixture is preferably adapted so as to secure the hinge to a wall, frame or other permanent structure. The housing can be arranged to be located inside or outside the door. Alternatively, the fixture may be secured to the door and the housing may be secured to a frame, wall or other structure, and may be located within a recess, for example.

The hinge of the present invention provides various advantages. Compared to previously disclosed hinges, the hinge of the present invention has a minimum number of damping set moving parts and abradable contact surfaces. Provides an effective and convenient hold open position and variable damping during the approach of the door to the closed position. A minimum amount of hydraulic fluid may be used while providing sufficient range of damping force modulation and control. Economical production and assembly are facilitated. A set of mutually adapted damping, closing and free-swinging hinges is available for any desired alternate usage.

The hinge of the utility model can use compressed air or other gases as the hydraulic fluid to replace oil or other hydraulic fluids. References in the specification to fluids or oils should be interpreted accordingly.

Description of drawings

The utility model will be further illustrated with examples, but this does not have any limiting meaning. The description will refer to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the hinge of the present utility model;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the hinge;

Figures 3 to 7 show the various stages of opening of the hinge;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of another hinge of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a sectional view of the hinge; and

Figures 10 to 20 show a number of alternative configurations of the hinge as shown in Figures 8 and 9;

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the door of the present invention.

detailed description

The hinge shown in Figures 1 to 7 comprises a housing (1) comprising a cylindrical body, and a mounting frame pivotally connected to a fixture (2). The housing (1) includes a screw plate (3) for fixing to one side of the door (not shown). A linkage (4) pivotally connects the housing (1) to an arm (5) extending from the mount (2). The fixing part (2) comprises: a first fixing plate (8), which is arranged to be screwed to a wall, a door frame or other supporting structure; and a second fixing plate (9), which is adjustably fixed to the For the first fixing plate (8), the screws are for example installed in elongated slots in the second fixing plate (9). Rotating the hinge from the closed position to the open position causes the piston (7) to slide forward in the housing (1) towards the pivot axis of the hinge.

The hydraulic fluid in the housing (1) is forced to circulate through the reciprocating movement of the piston (7) in a cylindrical bore provided in the housing, thereby providing a damping mechanism. The piston comprises a proximal end (10) positioned close to the axis of the hinge and a distal end (11) positioned away from the axis of the hinge. An axially extending rod forms a cylindrical member (12) extending between a proximal end and a distal end. A baffle (13) fixed to the surface of the bore (27) is fixed to the housing and slidably receives the component (12). The baffle (13) has an axial bore through which the part (12) can slide during operation of the damping mechanism. The inner surface of the bore (27) within the housing provides first (116) and second (117) chambers, each containing hydraulic fluid. The chambers are connected by a passage including a one-way ball valve (not shown) arranged so that fluid can flow from the second chamber (117) to the first chamber (116) when the piston moves during hinge opening. ), thus hydraulic fluid flows freely from the second chamber (117) to the first chamber (116) during the opening of the hinge. During closing of the hinge, backflow of fluid is prevented by the closure of the one-way valve.

An axial channel extends longitudinally from the part (12). A branch of this channel connects the first chamber (116) and the second chamber (117), so that backflow of fluid is possible. The narrow cross-sectional area of the channel restricts the flow rate of the fluid flow. In this way, the closing of the hinge is damped, preventing the door to which the hinge is attached from being slammed shut.

An additional channel (119) connects the chambers (116) and (117) together through an adjustable valve (20) formed by needle valves (24, 25).

The outlet of the channel is connected to the second chamber (117) such that fluid is forced through the adjustable valve (20) and the channel during movement of the piston into the hinged open position. The situation that the fluid flows back to the opening (129) through the valve (20) through the channel (119) can be controlled by adjusting the screw valve.

A channel with an opening to the first chamber (116) is located at the distal end of the opening (129) and acts to provide an additional channel for oil to flow during the initial stages of hinge closure. Flow through the channel can be adjusted by a set screw (24). Thus, different damping is obtained depending on the distance of the hinge from the fully closed position. The applicant's GB 2503753 discloses a similar arrangement, and the disclosure of this patent document is hereby incorporated for all purposes into the present specification by reference.

The link generally represented by (4) contains multiple components. The guide (6) is fixed to the head of the piston (7) and has a transversely extending channel (14) in which the contact member (15) is defined for lateral movement perpendicular to the axis of the piston.

The contact member may comprise a rod (16) carrying a roller (15) for rolling engagement with the surface of the channel. Alternatively, a rack and pinion arrangement (not shown) may be employed. In the embodiment of Figure 3, the channel (14) has parallel, planar guide surfaces. The first surface (32) faces the piston (7) away from the hinge pivot (30), perpendicular to the axis of the piston. The second surface (33) near the ground faces the hinge pivot (30), faces away from the piston, and is also perpendicular to the axis of the piston.

The first part is pivotally connected to the pivot on the contact part (15) at the first end. The first part comprises a pair of arms (17) on each side of the contact part, which are joined by a transverse part (28). The pivot comprises an axial rod (16) belonging to the contact part. The second end of the first part has a second pivot linkage (18) pivotally connected with a pin (29) to an arm (5) integral with a second fixed plate (9). The arm (5) is spaced apart from the axis of the hinge. The hinge comprises a hinge pin (30) and a collar (31).

The rotation of the first fixing plate (8) and/or the second fixing plate (9) relative to the housing applies a pulling force or a pushing force to the contact parts (15, 16).

A pair of second parts (21) are pivotally connected at their respective first ends to the rod (16) of the contact part, and are further pivotally connected at their respective second ends (23) to the inner wall of the casing (1).

Two helical needle valves (24, 25) in the head of the piston (7) are operable through holes (26) in the guide (6) to facilitate the adjustment of hydraulic damping fluid flow conditions.

As shown in Figure 3B, the pivots (16, 18, 23) form a triangular configuration. Figures 3 to 7 illustrate the sequential movement phases during the configuration of the hinge from closed to open.

Figure 3 shows a fully closed configuration with the contact members (15, 16) at the end where the channel (14) is closed. The piston is fully forced into the bore (27) away from the hinge axis.

Figures 4 to 7 show the stages of the hinge opening sequence. The pivot (18) moves on the arm (5) away from the guide (6), pulling the contact member (16) from the closed end of the channel (14) to the open end of the channel. The second members (21 ) rotate counterclockwise as shown in Figures 3B to 7B, moving the contact member (15) in a circular path so that the piston (7) is forced away from the bore (27). Rotation from the position of FIG. 3 to the first angular orientation of FIG. 4 moves the piston a greater axial distance than during rotation between the positions of FIGS. 4 and 5 . The latter distance is in turn larger than the distance between the positions of FIGS. 5 and 6 . This is again larger than the distance between the positions of FIGS. 6 and 7 . Thus, the resistance to rotation of the hinge caused by the hinge mechanism is reduced during opening of the hinge. Conversely, the damping force caused by oil or other fluid being forced through the needle valves (24, 25) increases exponentially as the hinge moves from the open to the closed position. This allows the door to which the hinges are fixed to be opened easily and closed with damping.

The linkage provides a mechanical advantage such that a large movement of the hinge gives a small movement of the piston, with the result that the force required to move the piston and actuate the damping mechanism is relatively small. Thus, the door to which the hinge is attached is easier to open and close than prior art arrangements.

Figures 8 and 9 show an alternative embodiment in which the hinge pin is hidden in use. The arrangement is similar to that shown in Figures 3 to 7, respectively, in that the radial distance of the hinge pin (40) from the piston axis is smaller than the radius of the housing (1), so that the hinge pin (40) is hidden in use in the door. The first part and the second part form a single, integral rigid member. The length of the first part is shortened compared to the butt hinge in FIGS. 1 to 7 .

FIG. 10 shows the linkage in the hinge shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 and 8 and 9 . A contact member comprising a rod (16) and a roller (15) is received in a channel (14) having parallel surfaces (32, 33) extending transversely perpendicular to the piston axis. During hinge opening, member (21) rotates (counterclockwise as shown), causing roller (15) to engage surface (32) on the side of channel near the hinge pivot, forcing the piston toward the outside of housing (1). move. During this movement, a one-way valve (34) located in the baffle (13) opens, allowing relatively free flow of fluid from chamber (117) to chamber (116).

During hinge closure, the roller (15) engages the surface (33) on the far side of the channel, pushing the piston into the housing (1). Such movement of the piston closes the valve (34), forcing fluid in the chamber (116) through the passages in the piston through the valves (24, 25), which creates a damping force to prevent the hinge from closing uncontrollably. During closing, the force applied to the piston increases exponentially during the movement of the hinge, the rotation of the member (21 ) from the open position to the closed position (clockwise as shown).

Figure 11 shows an embodiment in which the proximal surface (40) is planar but inclined relative to both the piston axis and the distal surface (41) of the channel (43). The width of the channel (43) increases from the closed end (44) to the open end. The force required during opening of the hinge is less compared to the embodiment of FIG. 10 . The force required to close the hinge is the same as for the embodiment of Figure 10, so efficient damping during closing is achieved. When the first part and the second part are fully extended, the door can be held open.

This embodiment is suitable for use by the elderly, weak or sick without compromising the effective damping properties of the hinge.

Figure 12 shows another embodiment in which the surface (50) of the proximal end is sloped so that the open end (51) of the channel is further from the hinge pivot than the closed end (53). During opening of the hinge, the roller (54) moves (downward as shown) towards the end where the channel is open, resulting in a greater restriction of movement. The damping strength during closing is the same as for the other previous figures and is adjusted as needed with the needle valves (55, 56).

Such hinges are particularly suitable for use in windy environments or public places, where it would be disadvantageous for the door to open suddenly outwards. This movement restriction force increases linearly as the hinge opens.

Figure 13 shows an alternative embodiment in which the proximal surface (60) slopes away from the piston so that the channel becomes wider away from the closed end (61). The proximal surface is concave such that the lip (62) extends away from the hinge pivot (63).

Compared with the embodiment of Fig. 10, the hinge in this arrangement is easier to open, but will exert a larger movement restriction force when reaching the predetermined open position. This increased restraint acts to prevent the door from being accidentally fully opened, for example by a gust of wind. The closure of the hinge is the same as in the previous embodiment.

Figure 14 shows another embodiment in which the proximal surface (65) is convex so that the roller (66) encounters an increased movement constraint during movement from the closed end (67) of the channel. When the roller (66) exceeds the apex (68) of the proximal surface, the constraint force is reduced, resulting in easier opening during reaching the fully open position. Closing is damped in the same manner as the previous embodiments. When the first part and the second part are fully extended, the door can be held open.

Figure 15 shows another embodiment in which the proximal surface of the channel (70) has two concave regions (71, 72) joined by a convex region (73). The opening of the channel is provided with a convex lip (74). During the opening of the hinge, the roller (75) passes sequentially from the closed end (76) of the channel through the concave area (71), climbs over the apex of the convex area (73), passes through the concave area (72) and meets the convex lip (74). The restraining force of the side door will peak at a predetermined angular position of the apex of the corresponding convex area (73) of the door. Door closing aspect is the same as the above-mentioned embodiments.

Figure 16 shows an embodiment having the same proximal surface as that of Figure 15, but wherein the distal surface has two convex areas (77, 78) connected by a concave area (79). This arrangement provides a variable restrictive force applied to the roller (80) during hinge closure, in addition to the variable movement restrictive force provided by the proximal surface as described with reference to Figure 15 . The channel (81) has a substantially uniform width such that the lateral width of the rollers and contact members in the channel is controlled.

Figure 17 illustrates another embodiment in which the surfaces of the proximal and distal ends have convex (82, 83) and concave (84, 85) surfaces facing each other to provide another variation of movement-restraining force during hinge opening and closing .

Figure 18 shows another embodiment in which the proximal (86) and distal (87) surfaces are planar, parallel surfaces and a convex stop is provided at the opening in the channel (89) corresponding to the open position The surface (88) is oriented to prevent the hinge from opening beyond some predetermined angle. This also prevents the door from being held open.

Figure 19 shows another embodiment where the channel (90) has parallel proximal (91 ) and distal (92) surfaces. The channel is closed at the end corresponding to the hinged open position, so that a barrier (93) prevents the roller from moving to the fully hinged open position. In this embodiment, the door to which the hinge is attached is prevented from opening beyond some predetermined angular orientation of the hinge. In other embodiments, a variety of different channel lengths may be used to provide different hinge opening widths.

Figure 20 shows another embodiment in which the channel (95) is closed at both ends, forming a generally elliptical or oval cross-sectional configuration. In such an embodiment, opening of the hinge beyond a certain predetermined position absolutely defined by the closed end (96) of the channel (95) is prevented, preventing the door to which the hinge is attached from being opened in an undesired manner. During the reaching of the roller (97) to the open position, the opening of the door is braked due to the concave shape of the proximal surface (98). The concave configuration of the distal surface (99) also controls the pressure required to close the door.

Figure 21 shows the door (100) of the present invention with the hinge of the present invention mounted thereon.

Claims (19)

1. hinge, it is included：

Housing, it is pivoted to fixture with male part；

Male part includes hinge pivot and moving part；

Housing has interior thorax in the inner；

Piston, it is located in interior thorax, wherein the piston can in being moved between first position and the second place on an axis, first The position that position hinge corresponding with the second place is opened and closed；

The piston has piston crown, and it is connected to moving part, so that moving the phase between closing and open position in hinge Between, piston is moved between first position and the second place；

The moving part includes the guide being installed on piston crown, and the guide includes the elongated ditch transverse to piston axis Road；

Contact component, it is defined so that being moved in raceway groove, the contact component is pivotally connected with first component and second component；

The second component is pivoted to housing；And

First component is to be pivoted to fixture in the position being separated by with hinge pivot；

It is arranged so that the contact component along raceway groove between the second place that the first position and hinge that hinge is opened are closed It is mobile；And

Wherein contact component forces piston to be moved between first position and the second place to the power that guide applies.

2. hinge as claimed in claim 1, the wherein piston provide strength to restrict the shifting between position is opened and closed It is dynamic.

3. hinge as claimed in claim 1, the wherein contact component include roller bearing.

4. hinge as claimed in claim 1, wherein raceway groove is perpendicular to the piston axis.

5. hinge as claimed in claim 1, wherein raceway groove has plane, parallel face.

6. hinge as claimed in claim 1, the wherein raceway groove have a two sides, and the one on two sides or secondly have non-linear Profile, it is arranged to control power required during hinge is opened and closed.

7. hinge as claimed in claim 1 or 2, the wherein contact component include toothed little gear.

8. hinge as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the wherein raceway groove is open.

9. hinge as claimed in claim 3, wherein first component and second component is the common pivot axis in the roller bearing It is connected to the roller bearing.

10. hinge as claimed in claim 3, wherein raceway groove is perpendicular to the piston axis.

11. hinges as claimed in claim 3, the wherein raceway groove have plane, parallel face.

12. hinges as claimed in claim 3, the wherein raceway groove have a two sides, and the one on two sides or secondly have non-rectilinear The profile of shape, it is arranged to control power required during hinge is opened and closed.

13. claim 10 to 12 it is any as described in hinge, wherein first component and second component is being total in the roller bearing Same pivot axis are connected to the roller bearing.

14. hinges as claimed in claim 8, the wherein first component are short by the second component.

15. such as claim 1 to 6, and 8 any described hinge, wherein first component and second component forms the knot of one Structure.

16. hinges as claimed in claim 1, it is further included：

The inner chamber that interior thorax has, it is filled with fluid or gas；

Immovable deflection plate, it is located in inner chamber, and inner chamber is divided into first chamber and second chamber；

First passage, it connects those chambers, so that fluid can be flowed with single direction between first chamber and second chamber；

The wherein piston includes along the axially extending part of axis of interior thorax, and the head and axial members of piston are set with the Slided along interior thorax between one position and the second place；

Back towards passage, its Longitudinal extending, through axial members and connect those chambers with hinge from open position migration close Fluid or gas is allowed to be flowed between second and first chamber during the position closed with limitation.

17. as claim 1 or 16 hinge, wherein the piston include hinge piston cap, guide be releasably secured to live Cock cap.

18. as claim 1 or 16 hinge, wherein between open position, hinge pivot, first component and fixture Pivot between pivot and second component and housing is substantially in line.

19., the hinge of such as foregoing any claim is mounted thereto.