CN205817103U - A kind of device utilizing laser beam to punch - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a device for drilling holes with a laser beam. The device includes a container (20), a laser output shaper (50) and a drive system (31), and the laser output shaper (50) is located in the container (20). Inside, and rotatably connected with the container (20), the laser output shaper (50) includes a laser array and a convex lens array. a laser, the convex lens array includes convex lenses that are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the lasers, and the position of each convex lens is adjustable along the vertical direction, and the laser output shaper (50) also includes a controller for adjusting the beam intensity of each laser respectively; a drive system (31) is used to drive the laser output shaper (50) to rotate. The utility model can realize laser drilling more simply and conveniently, and is beneficial to making holes with smaller taper.

Description

A device for drilling holes with a laser beam

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a device for drilling holes with laser beams.

Background technique

Laser drilling technology is a technology that uses a laser beam as a heat source and uses a heat removal method to separate materials. In the process of laser drilling, the high-power pulsed laser is focused on the surface of the workpiece, and the material is rapidly heated to the temperature of melting and vaporization. Then, under the joint action of the recoil pressure of the rapid expansion of the material gas and the pressure of the high-pressure auxiliary gas, the workpiece The liquid in the upper molten state is extruded out of the hole, and the above process is continued under the action of the subsequent pulse laser, and the material is continuously removed until a through hole is formed.

When using laser drilling technology to process through holes, the taper is an important indicator to measure the quality of the hole. The larger the taper, the worse the quality of the hole. There are three main reasons for the large taper in the hole processed by the current laser processing method. :

(1) At the beginning of processing, the focus of the laser beam is on the surface of the workpiece. As the processing plane extends downward, the heat on the processing surface will gradually decrease. Moreover, the pressure loss of the high-pressure auxiliary gas in the deep hole is too large, and the hole bottom The molten material will be difficult to discharge, therefore, the bottom hole gradually becomes smaller and finally forms a cone hole;

(2) The light intensity of the laser pulse has a Gaussian distribution in space, and the energy in the center of the laser beam is high and the energy at the edge is low. Therefore, the material on the axis of the through hole is easy to remove, while the material around the axis is difficult to remove. form a tapered hole;

(3) The material to be processed is vaporized under the irradiation of the laser to generate steam, and the thermal electrons in the high-temperature steam cause other neutral particles to ionize to form photoplasma, which absorbs the laser. As the laser drilling process continues, the plasma continues to increase, which reduces the laser power more and more, so that the energy obtained by the hole bottom material decreases, and the formed aperture becomes smaller as the hole depth increases. Eventually a cone hole is formed.

In view of the above situation, the Chinese invention patent CN201310172352 proposes a method of adding nano-scale particle flow into the drilling laser beam, and polishing the processed micro-holes through the nano-scale particle flow to improve the taper of the formed hole. However, it is difficult to precisely control the flow of nanoscale particles into the micropores, especially when the pore size is only micron, it is difficult for the fluid to even enter the micropores due to the high surface tension. .

Another Chinese invention patent CN201410050557 proposes a method of improving the taper of laser drilling by using electromagnetic fields to improve the performance of the laser beam, but the device used is relatively complicated, and a high-energy magnetic field is required to eliminate the taper.

Yet another Chinese invention patent CN201310476632 proposes a method for drilling holes by applying high-energy pulsed lasers to the upper side and the lower side of the workpiece respectively. However, since the two laser heads and the required drilling position must be kept on the same straight line through two high-precision motion platforms, the coaxiality of the upper and lower lasers and the accuracy of the motion platform There are extremely high requirements.

To sum up, although the existing method improves the taper of the hole to a certain extent, it has disadvantages such as complicated device and difficult operation. Therefore, how to use a simpler and more convenient device and method to carry out laser drilling, and Improving the taper of the hole has become a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Utility model content

In view of this, the utility model provides a device for drilling holes with a laser beam, which can realize laser drilling more simply and conveniently, and is conducive to making holes with a smaller taper.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

A device for drilling holes with a laser beam, comprising:

A container with an inner cavity, the lower end of which is provided with a light outlet;

A laser output shaper located in the container and rotatably connected to the container, the laser output shaper includes a laser array and a convex lens array, the laser array includes a linear array, and the laser output shaper An even number of lasers whose rotation axis is the center of symmetry, the lasers are used to emit parallel beams vertically downward, the convex lens array includes convex lenses corresponding to the lasers one by one, and the focal lengths of each convex lens are the same, and Each of the convex lenses is adjustable in the vertical direction, and the laser output shaper further includes a controller, and the controller is used to adjust the beam intensity of each of the lasers respectively;

A motor located outside the container, the output shaft of the motor is connected with a pulley, and the transmission belt on the pulley is sleeved with the laser output shaper for driving the laser output shaper to rotate.

Preferably, in the above device, both ends of the laser output shaper are connected to the container through bearings, and the middle part of the laser output shaper has an annular wheel body for socketing the transmission belt.

Preferably, in the above device, end caps are installed at both ends of the container corresponding to the bearings, and the end cap at the lower end has an opening corresponding to the light exit hole.

Preferably, in the above device, the laser output shaper further includes a microscale for vertically adjusting the convex lens.

According to the above technical solution, in the device provided by the utility model, the controller is used to adjust the beam intensity of each of the lasers respectively, and the position of each convex lens along the vertical direction is adjustable. Therefore, the device provided by the utility model is used to perform laser When drilling, you only need to set the beam intensity of each laser through the controller, and adjust the height of each convex lens at the same time, which is easy to operate. In addition, when the utility model is applied, the light intensity corresponding to the light spot on the workpiece processing surface is adjusted, and at the same time combined with the rotational movement of the laser output shaper, the energy distribution of the beam composed of the final output of the laser array can be close to the flat-top beam, so that the The taper of the machined hole is improved to form a hole with a smaller taper.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description It is only an embodiment of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for drilling holes with a laser beam provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a method for punching holes using the device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram of the principle of utilizing the device of Fig. 1 to punch holes;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of light spots on any instantaneous workpiece processing surface during processing;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of light intensity corresponding to the spot shown in Fig. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of energy distribution corresponding to the light spot shown in FIG. 5 during processing.

Labeled in the figure:

10. Upper cover; 20. Container; 30. Drive system; 40. Lower cover; 50. Laser output shaper; 11. First cover; 12. First bolt; 21. First sleeve; 22. First Bearing; 23, inner cavity; 24, second bearing; 25, second sleeve; 26, first brush; 27, second brush; 31, annular wheel body; 32, pulley; 33, motor; 34 , a transmission belt; 41, a second cover; 42, a second bolt; 151 and 251, a laser; 152 and 252, a convex lens.

detailed description

For ease of understanding, the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for drilling holes with a laser beam according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 .

A device for drilling holes with a laser beam provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a container 20 , a laser output shaper 50 and a drive system 30 .

Wherein, the container 20 has an inner cavity 23, and the lower end of the container 20 is provided with a light outlet (not marked in the figure);

The laser output shaper 50 is located in the container 20 and is rotatably connected with the container 20. The laser output shaper 50 includes a laser array and a convex lens array. An even number of lasers, the lasers are used to emit parallel beams vertically downward, the convex lens array includes convex lenses corresponding to the lasers one by one, the focal length of each convex lens is the same, and the position of each convex lens can be adjusted along the vertical direction, and the laser output is shaped The device 50 also includes a controller, the controller is used to adjust the beam intensity of each laser respectively;

Drive system 30 comprises motor 33, belt pulley 32 and transmission belt 34, and motor 33 is positioned at outside container 20, and the output shaft of motor 33 is connected with belt pulley 32, and transmission belt 34 on belt pulley 32 is socketed with laser output shaper 50, for Drive the laser output shaper 50 to rotate.

Referring to Fig. 2, the middle part of the laser output shaper 50 has an annular wheel body 31 for socket transmission belt 34, the upper end of the laser output shaper 50 is equipped with a first bearing 22, the lower end is equipped with a second bearing 24, the first cover 11 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the container 20 by the first bolt 12, the first sleeve 21 is arranged between the first cover body 11 and the first bearing 22, and the second cover body 41 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the container 20 by the second bolt 42 At the lower end, the second sleeve 25 is arranged between the second cover 41 and the second bearing 24, the second cover 41 has an opening corresponding to the light exit hole (not marked in the figure), the first brush 26 and the second brush The brushes 27 are used to power the laser output shaper 50 .

In order to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the convex lens, the laser output shaper 50 may also include a microscale (not shown) for vertically adjusting the convex lens.

Referring to Figures 3 to 7, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a method for punching holes using the device in Figure 1; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another method for punching holes using the device in Figure 1; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the processing method A schematic diagram of the light spot on the surface of the workpiece at any moment during the process; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity corresponding to the light spot shown in Figure 5; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the energy distribution corresponding to the light spot shown in Figure 5 during the processing.

Referring to the schematic diagram shown in Figure 3, the method specifically includes:

The controller adjusts the beam intensity of each laser 151 so that in the direction from one end of the laser array to the other end, the beam intensity of the laser 151 gradually increases with the same gradient or gradually decreases with the same gradient;

Adjust the height of each convex lens 152 to be the same height;

The motor 33 drives the laser output shaper 50 to rotate through the transmission belt 34 (see FIG. 2 ).

Because the focal length of each convex lens 152 of the convex lens array is the same and is located at the same height, and the beam intensity of each laser 151 of the laser array is different and changes with the same gradient, so the workpiece processing surface forms a light intensity distribution diagram as shown in Figure 6 (instantaneous state), since an even number of lasers 151 are arranged with the rotation axis of the laser output shaper 50 as the symmetrical center, so every rotation, the same position on the workpiece processing surface is irradiated twice by the component beams, which are respectively the one with the smaller light intensity. In this way, during the rotation process, the energy distribution shown in Figure 7 is formed on any diameter of the processed hole. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the energy distribution of the beams corresponding to each spot is close to The flat-hat beam, therefore, can improve the taper of the machined hole, forming a hole with less taper.

Referring to the schematic diagram shown in Figure 4, another method of using a laser beam to drill holes specifically includes:

The controller adjusts the beam intensity of each laser 251 to be the same intensity;

Adjust the height of each convex lens 252 so that the height of the convex lens 252 gradually rises with the same gradient or gradually decreases with the same gradient in the direction from one end of the convex lens array to the other end;

The motor 33 drives the laser output shaper 50 to rotate through the transmission belt 34 (see FIG. 2 ).

This method can obtain the same processing effect as the method introduced before, and its principle is also to form the light intensity distribution diagram (instantaneous state) shown in Figure 6 on the workpiece processing surface, so similarly, during the rotation process, the processed hole The energy distribution shown in Figure 7 is formed on any diameter of , and it can be seen from Figure 7 that the energy distribution of the component beams corresponding to each spot is close to the flat-top beam. Therefore, the taper of the processed hole can be improved to form a smaller taper hole.

The difference between this method and the method introduced before is that in this method, the beam intensity of each laser is the same intensity, but the height of each convex lens is different.

It can be seen from the above that when the device provided by the utility model is used for laser drilling, it is only necessary to set the beam intensity of each laser through the controller, and adjust the height of each convex lens at the same time, and the operation is simple and easy. In addition, when the utility model is applied, the light intensity corresponding to the light spot on the workpiece processing surface is adjusted, and at the same time combined with the rotational movement of the laser output shaper, the energy distribution of the beam composed of the final output of the laser array can be close to the flat-top beam, so that the The taper of the machined hole is improved to form a hole with a smaller taper.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to realize or use the utility model. Various modifications to the embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (4)

1. A device utilizing laser beam drilling, characterized in that it comprises: a container (20) having an inner cavity (23), the lower end of the container (20) is provided with a light outlet; A laser output shaper (50) located in the container (20) and rotatably connected to the container (20), the laser output shaper (50) includes a laser array and a convex lens array, and the laser array includes a An even number of lasers arranged in a straight line and taking the rotation axis of the laser output shaper (50) as the center of symmetry, the lasers are used to emit parallel beams vertically downward, and the convex lens array includes a A corresponding set of convex lenses, the focal length of each of the convex lenses is the same, and the position of each of the convex lenses along the vertical direction is adjustable, the laser output shaper (50) also includes a controller, and the controller is used to adjust the position of each of the convex lenses respectively the beam intensity of the laser; A motor (33) positioned outside the container (20), the output shaft of the motor (33) is connected with a pulley (32), and the transmission belt (34) on the pulley (32) is shaped with the laser output The laser output shaper (50) is socketed to drive the laser output shaper (50) to rotate. 2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the two ends of described laser output shaper (50) are connected with described container (20) by bearing, and the middle part of described laser output shaper (50) has An annular wheel body (31) for socketing the transmission belt (34). 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, end caps are installed at the two ends of the container (20) corresponding to the bearings, and the end cap at the lower end has a corresponding hole for the light exit hole. Open your mouth. 4. The device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the laser output shaper (50) further comprises a microscale for vertically adjusting the convex lens.