CN1934670A - Switchgear for distribution instruments of electrical equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a switching mechanism for an electrical distribution instrument of electrical equipment, which is provided with: a switch handle for manually operating the distribution instrument; at least one contact having fixed and movable contacts, which may be a dual contact; a toggle mechanism between the switch lever and the at least one movable contact element, the toggle mechanism maintaining the contacts closed in a first stable position; and a trip lever actuated by a circuit breaker, which acts on the gear mechanism in such a way that the gear mechanism passes from its first stable position (switch-on position) via a dead center position into a second stable position (trip position). The transmission mechanism comprises a connecting piece (26) which is connected with the movable contact piece (28) in an articulated manner and an arched piece (24) which is provided with two thigh parts (23, 25), wherein one thigh part (25) is connected with the other end of the connecting piece (26), and the other thigh part (23) is connected with the switch handle (18); in the breaking condition, the breaking lever (33) applies a load to the transmission mechanism substantially perpendicular to the latter in the direction of the second stable position at the bending point.

Description

The switching mechanism that is used for electric equipment distribution instrument

The present invention relates to the switching mechanism that is used for electric equipment distribution instrument described in a kind of preamble as claimed in claim 1.

This electric equipment distribution instrument for example is line protection switch, failure current protection switch or motor protecting switch, under the situation that short circuit current, overcurrent or fault current occur, just can utilize this protection switch to realize opening circuit.A kind of line protection switch-here as example preferentially pay attention to-it has a contact of being made up of a fixing contact with a so-called activity, can be with hand or automatically carries out closure or disconnection in this contact.The contact of described activity usually is fixed on one at one end can then connect a toggle link transmission mechanism around the contact lever of fixed axis rotation on its other end, itself hingedly links to each other this mechanism with shift bar again.The disconnection of contact is realized by the operation for shift bar, has also disposed a thermal circuit beraker and an electro-magnetic circuit breaker on the other hand, utilizes the former can turn-off overcurrent, utilizes the latter can turn-off short circuit current.

The line protection switch S2 that is sold by the ABB Stotz-Kontakt Co., Ltd of Heidelberg has a transmission mechanism of being furnished with a tie point, and this transmission mechanism is placed between two slabs.Above-mentioned tie point is had an effect, and is a thermal circuit beraker with thermo bimetal's form on the one hand, is an electro-magnetic circuit breaker on the other hand, and like this, after above-mentioned tie point took off coupling and discharges, movable contact was remained on the open position constantly.Occurring under the short circuit current situation, electro-magnetic circuit breaker also directly acts on contact lever, thereby the contact is disconnected fast, carry out the purpose that electric current limits early so as to reaching, but this point has only less important meaning here.

Arrange switch lock between described two slabs, this has following advantage: switch lock can be with slab and contact lever and with the shift bar pre-assembled in addition that rotatably is fixed between these two slabs.

Above-mentioned this switch lock can be realized simplifying by following measure: toggle link transmission mechanism of configuration between contact lever and shift bar, this toggle link transmission mechanism by two can swing opposite to one another part form, these two parts occupy one first settling position together with shift bar and movable contact lever in on-state, be placed in one second settling position through a dead-centre position by circuit breaker, wherein in second settling position, contact lever and movable contact are in off-state.

EP 0 585 261 B1 disclose the sort of switching mechanism that civilian head addresses, and wherein the toggle link transmission mechanism is formed by a stretcher bar and a round wire camber member, and wherein stretcher bar is connected on the shift bar; Because circuit breaker or the perhaps event of the application point of interruption pole on stretcher bar in addition, should pay attention to higher size accuracy especially, so as to reaching the purpose that correctly opens circuit, wherein must take some measures, so that all parts on the elbow connecting rod are accomplished the guiding of accurate definition for the connection process.

Task of the present invention is further to simplify the sort of switching mechanism that civilian head addresses, thereby its manufacturing and even its installation are simplified.

According to the present invention, above-mentioned task is solved by feature described in the claim 1.

In what this should pay attention to be: the contact on line protection switch or failure current protection switch is formed by the contact of a fixing contact and an activity, and contact that wherein should activity is fixed on the contact lever of a supporting swingably.

The present invention can certainly be applied on certain distribution instrument, particularly motor protecting switch, one of them double-contact is furnished with two fixing contact and contact bridge spares that keep certain pitch arrangement each other, is fixing the contact of two activities on this contact bridge spare; Transmission mechanism can be positioned between shift bar and the contact bridge spare.So, this double-contact has also just become one of above-mentioned meaning " contact ".

According to the present invention, the toggle rod type transmission mechanism also comprise one with the contact of the activity of contact (single contact or two contact) hingedly brace and a camber member of coupling connection mutually with two personal share portions, wherein a personal share portion of this camber member links to each other with the other end of brace, another personal share portion of this camber member then is hinged and connected with shift bar, wherein under open circuit conditions, interruption pole be approximately perpendicular to toggle link transmission mechanism ground towards the direction of second settling position at bending hinge point position to this toggle link transmission mechanism imposed load.

According to another favourable design of the present invention, interruption pole can rotate around the rotating shaft of shift bar, it with a first arm and circuit breaker mutually coupling join, act on hinged transmission mechanism with one second arm.Wherein the first arm is approximately perpendicular to second arm.

In order to make second arm can act on brace, in the position at the hinge point of camber member on the brace, disposed a protuberance that extends transverse to this and towards the free-ended direction of camber member thigh portion, second arm of circuit breaker touches on this protuberance when opening circuit, thereby makes the hinged transmission mechanism of toggle link from first settling position displacement process superpressure point position.

Brace is roughly L-shaped in this case, and its long burst portion and camber member and contact be the coupling connection mutually, and protuberance is then supporting in its glue portion than weak point.In the case, the stroke of the described two personal share portions of camber member and second arm of interruption pole is irrelevant, and this second arm just can be crossed the free end of camber member thigh portion and arrive on the protuberance like this, and can not be subjected to the obstruction of the thigh portion of camber member.Certainly, also exist in another embodiment following may scheme: camber member with brace mutually burst portion of coupling connection extend in the movement travel of interruption pole, thereby make the loading of toggle link transmission mechanism through brace but realize through camber member.

Particularly for line protection switch or failure current protection switch; movable contact is positioned on the contact lever that is supported versatilely swingably; this contact lever is a double armed lever, and an one arm links to each other with brace, is fixing the contact of described activity on its another arm.

In order to produce the enough contact forces or the power that opens circuit, apply a spring force in the scope between the hinge point of the supporting point of contact lever and brace, this spring force towards closing direction to the contact lever imposed load in first settling position that is in transmission mechanism.

Transmission mechanism is roughly parallel to the distribution instrument this moment in its first settling position antetheca extends.

For the inflection point of limiting linkwork or transmission mechanism enters stroke first settling position from the dead-centre position, advantageously disposed a stop surface on brace, this brace utilizes this stop surface and clings in the thigh portion that links to each other with shift bar of camber member.

Other favourable scheme of the present invention and improvement project are seen described in other dependent claims.

Do detailed explanation and explanation with reference to the accompanying drawing that wherein shows three embodiment of the present invention to the present invention and to other favourable scheme of the present invention and improvement project and other advantage below.

Accompanying drawing is represented:

Local interior's view of a kind of electric wiring protection switch of Fig. 1 is mainly in the switching mechanism scope;

Fig. 2 is according to the view of switching mechanism shown in Figure 1, in as shown in Figure 1 same position and identical front view, do not have shift bar;

The front view of Fig. 3 switching mechanism, at shown in Figure 1 in on-position on the switching mechanism back side;

Fig. 4 switching mechanism shown in Figure 3, identical view (back side as shown in Figure 2), the situation when opening circuit beginning;

The front view of switching mechanism shown in Fig. 5 Fig. 1 and 2, the situation when freely opening circuit end;

The perspective view of Fig. 6 another embodiment of the invention is observed the side shown in Fig. 3 and 4;

The end view of Fig. 7 structure shown in Figure 6,

The third design that Fig. 8 the present invention proposes.

Now with regard to Fig. 1.

Figure 1 shows that the interior views of a part of a line protection switch 10; wherein each part all is in the inside of a bowl-shape outer casing underpart spare 11, and this outer casing underpart spare replenishes into a total body case with the housing parts of the bowl structure of respective design.This shell mechanism is corresponding to the shell mechanism of the line protection switch S2 of ABB Stotz-Kontakt Co., Ltd (Heidelberg).It above in diagrammatic sketch its front 12; both sides respectively connect a narrow side 13 and 14 of ranking forefront on this front; these two narrow sides carry out the transition to respectively again in a front that leans backward 15 and 16; (not being shown specifically among the figure) connects a narrow sidewall that leans backward respectively on these two fronts; these two narrow sidewalls are sealed by a fixation wall on fixation side in the scope of dotted line 17 down, and line protection switch 10 can utilize this fixation wall (being fixed by interlock) (not shown) on a supporting rail that is fixed.In the scope of antetheca 12, a shift bar 18 can support rotatably around a fixed axis 19, and wherein shift bar 18 has the handle 20 of self and roughly complies with a radially opposed hanger 21.Shift bar 20 extends through a hole 22 on the antetheca and protruding, and relatively, 21 of hangers are in the enclosure of distribution instrument.It is the angle obtuse angle, that open wide towards the contact that the connecting line of the mid point of the longitudinal axis of shift bar 20 and axle 19 and the mid point of hanger 21 forms one in this.The distance of described hanger 21 and obtuse angle are all relevant with the size of the following part of addressing.

A through hole 22 is arranged on the hanger 21, a personal share portion 23 of an articulated U-shape camber member 24 on this through hole, another personal share portion 25 of this camber member hingedly is hinged with an end of a brace 26, an articulated contact lever 27 on another free end of this brace is being fixed the contact 28 of an activity on the free end of this contact lever.This movable contact 28 and fixing contact 29 mating reactions; These two forms a contact each other.Execution mode shown in Figure 1 is: be in first settling position by camber member 24 and brace 26 formed toggle link transmission mechanisms, on this position, the mid point of thigh portion 25 is than the connecting line (not shown) more close antetheca of brace 26 between the mid point of the mid point of hinge point on the contact lever 27 30 and thigh portion 23 or through hole 22.Make contact lever 27 towards the direction of on-position, just by swing counterclockwise at shift bar according to the power that the U of direction shown in the arrow is applied to when swinging on brace 26 and the camber member 25 clockwise on the transmission mechanism.Contact lever 27 is a kind of double-arm bars, and it can be around an axle 40 (face as follows) swing, and wherein brace 26 is hinged on the arm 27a, and movable contact 28 then is fixed on another arm 27b.

A guide plate 31 can be roughly parallel to antetheca 12 and move, what act on this guide plate is unshowned in the drawings thermo bimetal's part as the circuit breaker that is used for overcurrent with through a magnetic circuit breaker that is used for short interruption of a drive link, so just can realize opening circuit of switch by the described mode in back.

Just shown in Figure 3 now, there is shown be furnished with shift bar 20, camber member 24 and the switching mechanism of brace 26 on its back side.Wherein on the end face of thigh portion 23 and 25, can see axle 30 and contact lever 27 and guide plate 31.

In the scope of shift bar 18, brace has an extension 39 (seeing the below of figure), and this extension stretches out forward when switch is on the on-position along the direction towards the rotating shaft 19 of shift bar 18.On this extension 39, promptly on brace 26, a bearing-surface 32 is arranged, this bearing-surface touches on the camber member 23, thereby camber member 23 is fixed by brace.And on the other hand, brace also can because brace clings on the camber member 23 through bearing-surface 32 on the contrary, and support thereon not around camber member 23 rotations.Described bearing-surface helps to make the toggle link transmission mechanism to be retained on its first settling position (on-position).

Axle 19 around shift bar 18 is supporting an interruption pole 33, this interruption pole has one first open circuit arm 34 and one roughly vertically extending with it second open circuit arm 35 and a convex shoulder 36, this convex shoulder is connected to second and opens circuit on the arm 35, roughly perpendicular and realize this connection according to one and the first arm 34 opposite projected directions that open circuit, convex shoulder can be supported interruption pole 33 rotatably around the axle 19 of shift bar 18 whereby.First open circuit arm transverse to that is be approximately perpendicular to the toggle link transmission mechanism that is in the on-position and extend, and be approximately perpendicular to guide plate 31 and extend, make guide plate 31 that interruption pole 34 is rotated.

Brace 26 is roughly triangular in shape, is furnished with long thigh portion 37 and short thigh portion 38; As shown in Figure 2, a kind of spade of formation portion is as extension 39 in short thigh portion 38, and this extension exceeds hinge point 25 along the opposite direction as hinge point 30, wherein forms bearing-surface 32 on this extension 39.In first settling position shown in Fig. 1, extension exceeds camber member 24.

Contact lever 27 can be supported rotatably around a fixed axis 40, and this passes a slotted hole 41 on the contact lever 27.Between the supporting point 40,41 and hinge point 30 of contact lever 27, the power 42 of a compression spring (not shown) acts on this contact lever, is docile and obedient hour hands or rather and applies this power around axle 40, and structure shows as shown in Figure 2.Shown in Fig. 3 and 4, the direction of above-mentioned power is to draw in the other direction.Slotted hole 41 is so directed, makes contact lever 27 freely to move with respect to axle 40.

When switch shown in Figure 1 was placed on the on-position, hanger 21 was according to pressing to camber member 24 and brace 26 around the clockwise direction of axle 19 now, and wherein contact lever 27 is around axle 40 swings.In case after shift bar 18 and hinge transmission mechanism 24,26 arrive its terminal location together in company with contact lever 27,, and contact lever 27 exerted pressure towards fixing contact 29 around axle 30 as the just generation effect of power of the spring 42 of contact pressure spring.

Under a kind of situation about opening circuit, guide plate so as to acting on interruption pole 33, is docile and obedient clockwise U (seeing arrow U) around supporting point 19 according to direction of arrow P motion as shown in Figure 3; Then be according to counterclockwise centering on supporting point 19 as shown in Figure 1.After the certain angle swing, the arm 35 of interruption pole just touches the protuberance 43 on the brace 26 at interruption pole, and this protuberance 43 roughly is formed on the free end of the thigh portion 38 on the brace, and perpendicular to observer's plan projection, as shown in Figure 3; This be furnished with a head 35a open circuit arm 35 transverse to the toggle link transmission mechanism touch on the protuberance 43, make thus the axle 25 or thigh portion 25 from its first settling position through the dead-centre position, promptly be approximately perpendicular to brace 26 the longitudinal extension position move, it just is clamped in one second settling position then; Position when Fig. 4 illustrates burst portion 25 and crosses the dead-centre position.Fig. 5 illustrates off position or the open position that camber member 24 occupies a kind of like this position, and the above two personal share portion 23 and 25 form a plane in this position, and the longitudinal extension position that this plane is approximately perpendicular to brace 26 stretches.On position shown in Figure 5, switch also is in the so-called free off position, promptly is in such position, and this switch in this position is because the position of guide plate 31 and interruption pole 33 is, and its connection is hindered.

Press the execution mode shown in Fig. 1 to 5, thigh portion 25, similarly as burst portion 23 terminations form the plane of protuberance 43 thereon, thigh portion 23 make that thigh portion 23 can abut on the bearing-surface 32, but 25 in thigh portion can not hinder the motion of the arm 35 of interruption pole 33, as can not hinder its motion.

By execution mode shown in Figure 6, it is a perspective view of another kind of execution mode, the interruption pole of representing with Reference numeral 60 among the figure is compared with interruption pole 33 and has been made certain modification, still be equivalent to the first arm 34 as the first arm 61, but 62 on second arm has an extension 63, this extension forms a Z-shape with second arm 62, and the freedom shares portion 64 of this Z-shape is roughly parallel to arm 62 and extends.Replace camber member 24 to dispose a camber member 65, the thigh portion 66 and 67 of this camber member is overlapping the plane 68 of the brace 69 that is equivalent to brace 26, and extend into second arm 62 or the movement travel of thigh portion 64 freely in, thereby make that second arm 64 is unlikely a protuberance that touches on the brace 68 when execution is opened circuit, but touch that part that exceeds plane 68 of camber member 67; In addition, the process that opens circuit is identical with the situation of Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated embodiment.

Fig. 7 shows the execution mode of observing according to direction of arrow VII in as Fig. 6 of a perspective view.Can find out the thigh portion 67 of arm 62 and freedom shares portion 64 and camber member 65.

Supporting thereon on the shift bar 68 of interruption pole and setting a helical spring 70, arranging according to the arm of tangential or radial projection respectively that on these helical spring two ends can only see arm 71 in this, this arm is fixed in the depression 72 of shift bar 18; Another not detailed arm that shows is then done towards the direction of preparing off position, promptly is used for interruption pole along the clockwise direction shown in Fig. 1, therefore causes this spring always to be subjected to pretension.Shift bar 20 in this spring extruding off position.In this case, second arm 34 of interruption pole 33 has a protuberance 26a who extends according to the direction of rotating shaft 19, and this protuberance is overlapping the end seamed edge 39a of extension 39, and is pressed on the end seamed edge 34a by spring 70.So just can reach following purpose: brace 26 is held and can not departs from, and makes toggle link transmission mechanism 24/26 can place first settling position shown in Fig. 1 when connecting, and can make contact lever 27 place on-position in this way.

Press Fig. 1 to 7 illustrated embodiment, contact lever 27 is an axle 40 that is placed in regularly in the shell around the rotating shaft of its rotation, and by execution mode shown in Figure 8, contact lever 27 can be around 80 swings of rotating shaft, and this rotating shaft is guided in a slotted hole shape depression 81 of drawing system in shell.Described depression 81 is advanced according to the moving direction of axle journal 80 when switching manipulation.

When switch opens circuit, because for example guide plate 31 is passed according to direction of arrow P because the effect of a thermo bimetal's part or an electro-magnetic circuit breaker is, so reach as previously described, interruption pole 33 is according to direction of arrow U swing, shown in Fig. 3 and 4.At this moment, shift bar 18 still is on the on-position.Continuing under the open circuit conditions, shift bar then enters in the off position.

But, if shift bar 18 since the special circumstances in equipment distributor or the distribution meter case so remain on the on-position, then open circuit and still undertaken by the same manner, this also is referred to as so-calledly freely to open circuit, this is that rules are desired.This may cause being damaged and dangerous even this can prevent the switch from still to keep on-state one under the situation of (overcurrent or short circuit current) that breaks down.

Fig. 1 represents a line protection switch, and wherein contact lever is two-part.On the supporting member 90 that hingedly links to each other with the toggle link transmission mechanism at, make with insulating material, fixing contact lever parts 91, these parts are made of copper.This solution for example can be applied in the following cases: current carrying part must be used copper production, because the distribution instrument is applied to high current intensity.By execution mode shown in Figure 8, contact lever is that whole ground is stamped to form with copper; By another kind of execution mode, shift bar also can be designed to a kind of bending part of U-shape, and this parts available copper is made, and perhaps also can be made of a steel under reduced-current intensity situation.The supporting position always is on the same position, so axle journal laterally extends by the thigh portion of U-shape.On the free end of U-shape swing arm, settled movable contact in the outside of the bridge part of U-shape.

What also should be replenished is, the toggle link hinge is in its first settling position in Fig. 2, connecting line between the mid point of hinge point 30 and thigh portion 25 forms an acute angle with the connecting line of thigh portion 25 and 23, connecting line between its mid point 25 and 23 represents that with Reference numeral S1 the connecting line between the mid point of described two personal share portions is represented with symbol S2.Form an obtuse angle alpha 1 between the two, this obtuse angle is opening wide towards the direction of contact.As long as open circuit, angle α 1 is zero, just forms an angle α 2 when interruption pole 33 continues motion, and this angle is opened wide towards the front side, is just opening wide with the direction opposite with angle α 1, and is diminishing gradually, is approximately perpendicular to connecting line S1 extension up to S2.Represent with T at this dead point line, see shown in Figure 2.The mid point of thigh portion 25 is nearer from leading flank, and after opening circuit, the mid point of thigh portion 25 moves with respect to the fixation side of dead point line towards the distribution instrument.

When dead point line T was overlapped, the motion of toggle link transmission mechanism was a kind of unexpected resultant motion of hitting.

Claims (17)

1. Switching mechanism for distribution instruments of electrical equipment, which is provided with a switch handle for manual operation of distribution instruments; at least one contact with fixed and movable contacts, which may be a double Contacts; a toggle mechanism between the switch handle and at least one movable contact, which maintains the contacts in a closed state in a first stable position; and a trip lever operated by a circuit breaker , the trip lever acts on the toggle mechanism in such a way that the transmission goes from its first stable position (on position) through a dead center position to a second stable position (off position), characterized in that the The transmission mechanism has a connecting piece (26) hingedly coupled to a movable contact piece (28) and a bow (24) with two legs (23, 25), one of which is part (25) is connected with the other end of connecting piece (26), and the other stock part (23) is connected with switch handle (18); A load is applied to the transmission mechanism towards the second stable position at the position. 2. The switch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the trip lever (33) can swing around the rotation axis (11) of the switch handle (18) and is coupled to the circuit breaker with a first arm (34) Link, act on the hinge drive mechanism with a second arm (35). 3. The switching mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the arms (34, 35) of the disconnecting lever (33) are arranged approximately perpendicular to one another. 4. Switching mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that a protrusion (36) protruding in the opposite direction to the other arm is formed on the arm (35) of the disconnecting lever (33) acting on the transmission mechanism ), the tripping lever (33) is supported rotatably around the pivot axis (19) of the switch handle (18) by means of the protrusion. 5. Switch mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a return spring (70) is arranged between the switch lever (18) and the trip lever (33), which is permanently directed towards the ready The direction of the trip position applies a load to the trip bar. 6. Switching mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the return spring has a helical spring (70) with arms (71) protruding tangentially or approximately radially at its two ends, One of the arms (71) acts on the switch handle (18) and the other arm acts on the trip lever (33) for swinging of the trip lever. 7. Switching mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the connecting piece (26) at the position of the hinge point or inflection point on the bow-shaped piece is arranged a transversely facing bow-shaped piece (24) The protruding part (43) extending in the free end direction of the stock part, which protrudes into the movement stroke of the second arm (35) of the breaking lever (33), and when breaking the circuit, the second arm (35) ) rests against the protrusion. 8. Switch mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting piece (26) is approximately L-shaped or triangular, and its longer stock is coupled with the bow and the contact, which is relatively The short strands carry the protrusions. 9. Switching mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the legs (23, 25) of the bracket (24) are independent of the travel distance of the second arm (35) of the disconnecting lever (33) . 10. Switching mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the leg (25) of the bracket (24) which is coupled to the connecting piece (26) protrudes into the disconnecting lever (33 ) in the movement stroke, so that the breaking lever touches the stock of the bow to realize the breaking. 11. The switching mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable contact piece (28) is arranged on a pivotably movable contact lever (27); the contact lever is a double Arm bar, one arm of it links to each other with link piece (26), and the contact piece (28) of motion is fixed on its other arm. 12. The switching mechanism according to claim 11, characterized in that a spring force (42) is applied in the area between the bearing point (40) of the contact lever (27) and the hinge point of the connecting piece (26), This spring force acts in the closing direction on the contact lever ( 27 ) in the first stable position of the transmission, ie in the on position. 13. The switching mechanism as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the bearing point for the contact lever has a bearing pin fixed in place in the housing and has an elongated hole in the contact lever. 14. Switching mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the bearing point for the contact lever is formed by a journal (80) which is formed in an oblong hole ( 81) is movably guided. 15. Switching mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in its first stable position, the gear mechanism extends approximately parallel to the front wall of the switching device. 16. Switch mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to limit the travel of the knuckle joint from the dead center position into the first stable position, a joint is arranged on the connecting piece (26). A stop surface (32) is provided, with which the connecting piece abuts against the part of the bow connected to the switch handle, so that the movement from the dead center position into the first stable position is limited. 17. The switchgear according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, on the first arm (34) of the disconnecting lever (33), an end covering the extension (39) of the connecting piece (26) is arranged. The projection ( 26a ) of the edge ( 39a ) is continuously loaded by a spring ( 71 ) in the direction of abutment against the end edge ( 39a ).

Images