Sustained release micro-pellet of guaifenesin and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of pharmaceutical preparations, specifically, but relate to sustained release micro-pellet of guaifenesin of 12 hours of slow release and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The expectorant main source is the secretion of interior body of gland of tracheal bronchus and goblet cell.Under pathologic conditions such as respiratory inflammation, because the inflammatory stimulus supersecretion, perhaps the mucous epithelium pathological changes goes down cilia activity, and perhaps the change of expectorant composition pathologic makes viscosity increased, so mucus can not in time be transferred out.A large amount of sputums obstruction respiratory tracts can cause out of breath even suffocate.On the other hand, expectorant is again good culture medium, helps pathogen and grows, and causes secondary infection.It is one of important symptomatic treatment measure that therefore long-pending expectorant is discharged.
Guaifenesin (Guaifenesin) is one of nauseous expectorant thing.Can stimulate gastric mucosa after oral, cause that reflectingly the bronchus secretion increases, and can reduce the viscosity of expectorant simultaneously.Be mainly used to clinically eliminate the phlegm.Although the existing so far long time of this medicinal application, it is to eliminate the phlegm to be difficult to alternate important drugs in the class medicine all the time.
Guaifenesin adult dosage 200~400mg, medication in per 4 hours once (Martindale:The Extra Pharmacopoeia 32ed.Pharmaceutical Press1999, P1061).Frequent medication number of times brings problem for patient's compliance, influences the sleep at night especially.US 6372252 discloses a relevant guaifenesin slow releasing tablet patent of invention in 2002.This patent adopts the double-layer tablet form, medicine is dispersed in the rapid release and sustained-release matrix of tablet.After patient's medication, the immediate release section medicine at first discharges, and keeps therapeutical effect fast, and the medicine in the sustained-release matrix discharges gradually then.Can keep 12 hours effective drug duration after the medication.
Advantages such as although the double-layer tablet medication described in the above-mentioned patent are convenient, and preparation release pattern in vivo is reasonable, reliable, the volumes of formulation in the patent excessive (more than the every about 1600mg of weight) is unfavorable for dysphagia person, as child, old people's medication.Double-layer tablet is owing to its special composition and structure, and patient's medication process does not allow to chew or switch out is swallowed, the application of restriction said preparation in numerous crowds.
Also mention the slow release that can solve guaifenesin in the above-mentioned patent with piller, patent application person discusses the piller that adopts two kinds of different rate of releasing drug: a kind of is release pills, another kind is a slow-release pill, fills in the hard capsule after mixing by different proportion.As if patent does not discuss how to prepare this two classes piller, and the applicant only talks evasively, can be with being that hydrophilic polymer becomes immediate release section with part medicine mixed pelletization as the component in the double-layer tablet roughly the same; Granulate into slow-released part behind hydrophobic polymer and another part medicine mixing, two parts granule mixing just can obtain as the icotype of release in vivo after the double-layer tablet medication then.
A kind of preparation in the described back of U.S. Patent application person proposes from enlarging the scope of patent protection strategy in fact, rather than based on the formulation method of experiment.From professional angle analysis, this technology can not be made slow-release pill preparation.Its reason is as follows:
1. wooden phenol glycerin ether is the medicine of highly-water-soluble.In the preparation of patent application person's application, drug dose is 1200mg, by the patent introduction, and the about 1300mg of weight of formulation.Piller adopts the skeleton technology, adopts the film control techniques, and uncontrollable at all water soluble drug slowly discharges and reaches 12 hours.
2. patent application person is described, and the immediate release section medicine is 400mg, and the slow-released part medicine is 800mg; As making piller, wherein 1/3 is release pills by this thinking, and 2/3 is slow-release pill.Before to plant piller be medicine and hydrophilic polymer mixing granulation by patent application person's thinking, afterwards a kind of piller is medicine and hydrophobic polymer mixing granulation (perhaps with other adjuvant mixing granulations after coating again).Two kinds of particle drug ratios differences, the adjuvant difference, the proportion size of piller must differ greatly.Mixing homogeneity must be a problem like this, certainly will influence release pattern in vivo.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of sustained release micro-pellet of guaifenesin and preparation method thereof, this slow-release micro-pill collects slow release, rapid release two parts on each micropill individuality, control drug release reaches 12 hours, can thoroughly solve the problem that two preparations of United States Patent (USP) exist.
Sustained release micro-pellet of guaifenesin of the present invention is made up of carry pill core, sustained-release coating layer and the immediate release drug layer of active component that is loaded with effective therapeutic dose and pharmaceutic adjuvant from inside to outside; Described active component is a guaifenesin, and pharmaceutic adjuvant comprises a kind of or its mixture in microcrystalline Cellulose, hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose, polyvidone, hydroxypropyl cellulose or the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; Described sustained-release coating layer is ethyl cellulose series polymer or polyacrylic acid series polymer; Described immediate release drug layer is made up of guaifenesin and a kind of or its mixture that is selected from hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or the polyvidone.
Carry the pill core Chinese medicine and can account for 50~90% of ball core weight.Ball core segment skeleton main ingredient is preferably selection with microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC), preferred PH101 specification, its consumption counts 10~50% by ball core weight, also can adopt or part adopts the MCC of similar RC581, RC591 according to different pharmaceutical carrying capacity and piller prescription.Except that MCC, also can mix other adjuvants in the skeleton, as calcium hydrogen phosphate, lactose, glucose, sucrose, citric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, boric acid etc.
Medicine and skeleton adjuvant must add binder aqueous solution just can make the good soft material of plasticity.Binding agent can be the plain derivant of semisynthetic fibre, as the aqueous solution of low viscous hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPMC), hyprolose (HPC), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), also can be polyvidone (PVP) aqueous solution.According to the difference of material viscosity, can in above-mentioned polymer solution, add ethanol as one sees fit to regulate.
Adopt HPMC, when the PVP aqueous solution is binding agent, concentration (w/v) can be taken 5% appropriate point according to different situations, when adopting CMC-Na to be binding agent, also desirable 1~5% appropriate point of concentration.
The sustained-release coating layer that carries pill core can adopt the Eudragit series (Eudragit RS, Eudragit RL or Eudragit NE3OD etc.) of polyacrylic resin such as German R hm company.Adopt Eudragit NE3OD, clothing material weightening finish (carrying pill core weight relatively) is 2~10%, is preferably 4~6%; Adopting Eudragit RS/RL clothing material weightening finish (carrying pill core weight relatively) is 2~10%, is preferably 5~8%, and can select 95% ethanol is solvent.Should add porogen in the clothing material, as low viscosity HPMC, PEG or PVP etc., its consumption be equivalent to the clothing material heavy 15~25%.Also should add plasticizer in the clothing material, as triethyl citrate (TEC), certain herbaceous plants with big flowers two dibutyl phthalates, triacetin etc.Also can add antiplastering aid in the clothing material, as Pulvis Talci etc.
The sustained-release coating layer that carries pill core also can adopt ethyl cellulose series (Surelease of U.S. Colorcon company or the Aqnacoat of U.S. FMC Corp.) etc.Adopt Surelease, the weightening finish of clothing material is 2~10%, is preferably 5~8%.Can add porogen in the clothing material, as low viscosity HPMC, PEG or PVP etc., its consumption be equivalent to the clothing material heavy 15~25%.Adjuvant such as plasticizer has been mixed in advance by producer among the Surelease, so need not in principle to add separately.
For improving the piller surface smoothness, available low viscosity HPMC wraps sealing coat, and its thickness is medicine carrying piller weightening finish 2~5%.Good as piller roundness, fineness, also can be without sealing coat.
In order to guarantee after the medication immediate release drug dosage is arranged, except that wrapping up the medicine carrying ball core crab with sustained-release coating layer, periphery is also wanted repaste last layer immediate release drug layer.This layer medicament contg can be 10~20% of dosage.
The preparation method of sustained release micro-pellet of guaifenesin of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) behind the medicine of amount of calculation and the pharmaceutic adjuvant mixing, add binding agent and make soft material, soft material is made through extrusion device and is carried pill core;
(2) carry pill core and wrap sustained-release coating layer, make slow release medicine carrying micropill through pot bag method or fluidization;
(3) slow release medicine carrying micropill is wrapped the immediate release drug layer again in coating device, and drying makes clothing film healing back screening, promptly gets sustained release micro-pellet of guaifenesin of the present invention.
The soft material that medicine and adjuvant are made can prepare certain size particles through extrusion device.Extrusion device can be the screw rod extrusion pressing type or cylinder rotates extrusion pressing type.Its extrudate particle diameter is by terminal hole diameter of sieve (perforated) plate or the control of cylinder aperture, and a speed of extruding is 50~150rpm, excessive velocities, because the mechanical friction heat production causes the soft material temperature to rise, water evaporates causes extrudate humidity difference after the initial sum, round as a ballly will produce problem such as ball core difference in quality.
The speed of round as a ball step and time and extrudate loading amount are to becoming the pill footpath and distribute, and ball core roundness and density etc. have certain relation.This method adopts the laboratory circle rolling device, and rotating speed is controlled at 800~1200rpm, loading amount 30~100g, and the round as a ball time is about 1.5~5 minutes.
After the micropill coating finishes, must make clothing film healing (curing), the most frequently used heat treating process heals.Common method is in the piller amount disc type baking oven, also can adopt dynamic process.Micropill heals in the thermal current in fluid bed, agglutination, and the clothing layer gradually becomes continuous rete by discrete state, and rete healing degree influences drug release rate.
Because this slow-release micro-pill collects slow release, rapid release two parts on each micropill individuality, after patient's medication, the medicine of immediate release drug layer at first discharges, and keeps therapeutical effect fast, and the medicine of medicine carrying ball in-core discharges gradually then.Can keep the long-acting release of medicine after the medication, solved that conventional guaifenesin needs that the inconvenience of frequent medication and blood drug level peak valley phenomenon bring to the disadvantageous problem of human body therapy.Therefore the advantage of sustained release micro-pellet of guaifenesin of the present invention is very significant, and slow-release micro-pill of the present invention helps dysphagia person equally as child, old people's medication, like this problem that exists with regard to the thorough preparation that has solved United States Patent (USP).The slow-release micro-pill that makes carries out external release experiment according to method 1 in 2005 editions two drug release determination method second methods of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and the result shows sustainable 12 hours of the sustained release micro-pellet of guaifenesin release that this technology makes.This preparation process favorable reproducibility, the release mode stable is reliable.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Medicine carrying ball prescription:
Guaifenesin 180g
Microcrystalline Cellulose 20g
The sustained release coating prescription:
Surelease 80g
Hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose 4g
Rapid release coating prescription:
Guaifenesin 45g
Hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose 4.5g (10%)
The preparation of I. carrying pill core is adopted and to be extruded round as a ball preparation and carry pill core
(1) press recipe quantity, with microcrystalline Cellulose, the guaifenesin mix homogeneously adds entry, makes to become to have plastic soft material.
(2) soft material is extruded also round as a ball through extruding circle rolling device.Technology: the about 75rpm of extruded velocity, in 60 ℃ of condition dryings, screening 16~24 orders carry the pill core coating behind round as a ball speed 900~1000rpm.
II. sustained release coating technology: adopt fluidized bed plant bag sustained-release coating layer
Above-mentioned year pill core placed the miniGlatt coating device, press coating prescription preparation coating solution, and be diluted with water to 15% concentration, open peristaltic pump, with the coating solution importing fluid bed of slowly spraying.
Material bed tempertaure: 30~35 ℃ of feeding temperatures: 50~60 ℃ of stream pressure: 2.0bar
III. rapid release art for coating
Open peristaltic pump, guaifenesin/HPMC aqueous solution spraying is imported fluid bed
Material bed tempertaure: 30~35 ℃ of charging rates: 50~60 ℃ of stream pressure: 2.0bar
The micropill coating after the coating end, continued dry 15 minutes in fluid bed, was transferred to 40 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 8 hours, made the healing of clothing film complete.
Embodiment 2
Medicine carrying ball prescription:
Guaifenesin 100g
Microcrystalline Cellulose 96g
Polyvidone 4g
The sustained release coating prescription:
Surelease 16g
Rapid release coating prescription:
Guaifenesin 25g
Polyvidone 2.5g
Preparation technology such as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Medicine carrying ball prescription:
Guaifenesin 160g
Microcrystalline Cellulose 38g
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 2g
The sustained release coating prescription:
Surelease 32g
Hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose 0.8g
Rapid release coating prescription:
Guaifenesin 17.8g
Hydroxypropyl cellulose 1.78g
Preparation technology such as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Medicine carrying ball prescription:
Guaifenesin 140g
Microcrystalline Cellulose 56g
Hydroxypropyl cellulose 4g
The sustained release coating prescription:
Surelease 64g
Hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose 2.4g
Rapid release coating prescription:
Guaifenesin 35g
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 3.5g
Preparation technology such as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
Medicine carrying ball prescription:
Guaifenesin 120g
Microcrystalline Cellulose 77g
Hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose 3g
The sustained release coating prescription:
Surelease 48g
Hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose 1.2g
Rapid release coating prescription:
Guaifenesin 21.2g
Hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose 2.1g
Preparation technology such as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6~9
Carry pill core and rapid release art for coating with embodiment 1, different persons adopt the polyacrylic resin series material at sustained-release coating layer, and its prescription is as follows:
| Embodiment |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
| Eudragit NE3OD hydroxypropyl emthylcellulose Pulvis Talci water |
13.3g / 2g 15g |
66.7g 4g 10g 70g |
26.7g 0.4g 4g 27g |
53.3g 1.6g 8g 53g |
(above is that sustained release coating is write out a prescription)
Embodiment 10~13
Carry pill core and rapid release art for coating with embodiment 1, different persons adopt the polyacrylic resin series material at sustained-release coating layer, and its prescription is as follows:
| Embodiment |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
| Eudragit RL100 Eudragit RS100 triethyl citrate Pulvis Talci 95% ethanol |
/ 4g 0.4g 2g 40ml |
20g / 2g 10g 200ml |
8g 8g 1.6g 8g 160ml |
3g 7g 1g 5g 100ml |
Embodiment 14
(self-control micropill and U.S. double-layer tablet (Mucinex
) comparative examples of external release)
Method: according to method 1 in 2005 editions two drug release determination method second methods of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, adopt the device of dissolution method first method, Revolution Per Minute 100 changes, sampling on time, and measure, calculate rate of releasing drug, the results are shown in following table.
Rate of releasing drug:
| |
Mucinex
|
Embodiment 3 gained micropills |
| 1.0hr 2.0hr 3.0hr 4.0hr 6.0hr 8.0hr 10.0hr 12.0hr |
40.7% 56.1% 64.1% 69.2% 77.7% 85.9% 92.8% 94.3% |
34.7% 43.6% 51.3% 56.1% 68.6% 81.0% 89.3% 97.3% |