CN1994056A - Solar automatic irrigation system for afforestation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic watering system for solar greening, which comprises a solar battery panel, a water pump, a sprinkler irrigation and micro irrigation system, a rainwater collector, a supplementary water, a fertilization system, a water storage device, a storage battery, and a charge controller, and is composed of a single-chip microcomputer and a sensor. The automatic control system, the solar panel is connected with the battery through the charging controller, and is used for charging the battery and controlling the overcharge or overdischarge of the battery. The battery is connected with the water pump through the automatic control system, and the water suction port of the water pump is connected to the water storage The water outlet is connected to the sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation system; the rainwater collector and the supplementary water and fertilization system are connected to the water storage. The system can not only save water but also meet the needs of plant growth; it can not only save water resources but also save labor resources, and realize the dual goals of being green and efficient.

Description

Solar Greening Automatic Watering System

technical field

The invention relates to a solar thermal power generation greening irrigation system, in particular to an automatically controlled solar thermal power generation greening irrigation system.

Background technique

At present, the solar water-saving automatic irrigation system is still in the embryonic stage of research and development.

Chinese utility model patent, announcement number CN2619203, announcement date 2004.06.02 discloses a solar watering device, the device mainly consists of solar panels, speed controllers, and water pumps. The solar panels are connected to the water pump through the speed controller. The water pump is connected to the water inlet of the plants to be drip-irrigated through a pipeline. The device can adjust the water supply to a certain extent according to the change of light intensity. In fact, the water demand of plants is related to many factors, such as air temperature, humidity and the growth period of plants. The double function of plant growth needs and saving energy.

The existing microcomputer automatic irrigation control system (Electronic World, Issue 8, 2004) uses sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation systems to greatly save water resources, but its irrigation method is microcomputer-controlled daily cycle or weekly cycle, which cannot meet the needs of plant growth. needs. And the solar accumulator of this system has not taken protective measure, and the life-span waits to be unable to guarantee.

With the improvement of modern living standards, the acceleration of the pace of life and work, and the strengthening of the awareness of green environmental protection; there is an urgent need for an irrigation system that is easy to use, reliable, time-saving, worry-free, and safe.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides an automatic watering system for solar greening, which can not only save water but also meet the needs of plant growth; not only save water resources but also save labor resources, and realize the dual goals of being green and efficient.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows: a solar greening automatic watering system, including solar panels, water pumps, sprinkler irrigation systems, micro-irrigation systems, rainwater collectors and supplementary water, fertilization systems, water storage devices, accumulators 1. Charging controller 8, an automatic control system composed of single-chip microcomputer and sensors. The solar panel is connected to the battery through the charging controller, which is used for charging the battery and controlling the overcharge or overdischarge of the battery. The battery passes through the automatic control system. It is connected with the water pump, the water suction port of the water pump is connected with the water storage, and the water outlet is connected with the sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation system; the rainwater collector and the supplementary water and fertilization system are connected with the water storage.

The electric energy generated by the solar panel is 125W/m ² ; there is a filter connected between the water pump and the sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation system; the micro-irrigation system includes drip irrigation or spray irrigation or infiltration irrigation; the water pump is a submersible pump or a pipeline pump or a centrifugal pump; a single chip microcomputer The series is 51 series; the sensor includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; the detection range of the temperature sensor is -10℃～50℃; the accuracy is ±0.5℃, the working voltage range is +3.0～+5.5V; the humidity sensor is a silicon humidity sensitive resistance sensor , the accuracy is 1%, the detection range is 0-100%, the working voltage is 2.5V, and it is suitable for the working environment and the soil temperature is 0-40 ℃.

The invention adopts a single-chip microcomputer for control, uses humidity and temperature sensors to collect temperature and humidity data, and transmits them to a control system, which analyzes the data and issues instructions to regulate the entire system. It not only saves water but also meets the needs of plant growth;

A charge controller is used to control the energy conversion between the solar panel and the battery. Its main functions: battery voltage overcharge protection: when the charging voltage exceeds the rated charging voltage, the controller will automatically cut off the charging voltage; battery voltage overdischarge protection: when the discharging voltage exceeds the rated discharging voltage, the controller will automatically cut off the load, thereby Maximize the protection of battery life; prevent system reverse charging; prevent system overload and short circuit;

The present invention adopts a rainwater collector, supplementary water and fertilization system, uses solar energy to automatically water according to humidity, temperature and time, saves both water resources and labor resources, and realizes the dual goals of being green and efficient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the main program of the single-chip microcomputer control system of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

specific implementation

As shown in Figure 1, a solar greening automatic watering system:

1. Main components:

(1) Rainwater collector and supplementary water, water pump, fertilization system 1, sprinkler irrigation system 6, micro-irrigation system 7;

(2) 125W/m ² solar panel 9, battery 10, charge controller 8;

(3) Automatic control system composed of single-chip microcomputer, sensor, etc. 4.

Wherein: the solar panel 9 is connected with the storage battery 10 through the charging controller 8, and is used for charging the storage battery 10 and controlling the overcharging or over-discharging of the storage battery 10. The storage battery 10 is connected with the water pump 3 through the automatic control system 4, and the water pump 3 The water suction port is connected to the water storage 2, and the water outlet is connected to the sprinkler irrigation system 6 and the micro-irrigation system 7;

2. Working principle:

(1) Use solar photovoltaic power generation and match with battery 10 to provide working power for the system.

The power system mainly consists of a solar panel 9, a charging controller 8 and a storage battery 10 and the like. Among them, the charging controller 8 is more important, and its performance will directly affect the life of the system, especially the life of the battery pack. In any case, overcharging or overdischarging the storage battery 10 shortens the life of the storage battery 10 .

(2) Utilize the water pump 3 to draw water from the water source, and then deliver water to the place where water is needed through the system.

There is a certain distance from the place where water is needed to the water source, which is completely maintained by the work of the water pump. There are many types of water pumps, such as submersible pumps, pipeline pumps and centrifugal pumps. The system should select a suitable water pump 3 according to its own functions and characteristics.

(3) Use temperature and humidity sensors to collect temperature and humidity data and transmit them to the control system; the control system conducts data analysis and issues instructions to automatically regulate the entire system. This system is controlled by a microcontroller.

(4) Micro-irrigation techniques such as drip irrigation or spray irrigation can be used for irrigation.

Micro-irrigation has the advantages of saving water, increasing production, maintaining fertilizer, saving labor, saving land, and saving energy. Using micro-irrigation technology can save water by about 30% to 50% compared with traditional irrigation methods, and the water utilization rate is high.

(5) The control of the overall system is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer.

The control system can automatically adjust and track watering according to the temperature and humidity of the crop growth environment. After the sensor transmits the data to the single chip microcomputer, the system program processes it; controls the system watering according to the requirements.

3. Key technologies

(1) A device for controlling energy conversion is required between the solar panel 9 and the storage battery 10 , and most DC systems use a charge controller 8 .

Its main functions: battery 10 voltage overcharge protection: when the charge voltage exceeds the rated charging voltage, the controller 8 will automatically cut off the charging voltage; battery 10 voltage overdischarge protection: when the discharge voltage exceeds the rated discharge voltage, the controller 8 will Automatically cut off the load, so as to maximize the service life of the battery 10; prevent the system from reverse charging; prevent system overload and short circuit.

(2) To select a temperature and humidity sensor, first determine the measurement range; secondly, select the appropriate measurement accuracy, which is the most important indicator of the sensor; finally, it is required to provide a suitable power supply that meets the accuracy requirements. In addition, pay attention to the problem of signal transmission distance and signal attenuation.

(3) Since the power of this system is small, a low-power centrifugal pump or peristaltic pump is pre-used. In this way, the production cost can be reduced, and the demonstration requirements of the system model can be met.

(4) This system model is ready to use drip irrigation.

Drip irrigation requires less water pressure, which can reduce the burden on the water pump, has lower cost, and is easy to implement.

(5) There are many types and models of single-chip microcomputers used in the control system. The single-chip microcomputer to be used should be based on the principle of low price, universality and simple selection as far as possible without affecting the function. Now, the MCU series that are used more, have more stable performance and more mature technology are 51 series. Therefore, the 51 series single-chip microcomputer is selected as the control system in advance.

4. Technical problems to be solved in practical application:

(1) The water pressure problem of the entire drip irrigation system.

The sum of the water pressure in the drip irrigation network and the head (water pressure) of the water pump 3 must be less than or equal to the maximum head of the water pump. Under the condition of ensuring the head, the higher the pressure in the drip irrigation network, the better. This allows sufficient pressure to be maintained even at the farthest drippers in the network.

(2) The solar water pump and each dripper of the system should be prevented from clogging.

Connect the solar water pump to the drip irrigation network through a filter 5 . The function of the filter is to prevent the particles in the water from clogging the dripper, especially when the water output of the dripper is not large, the clogging of gas and particles is prone to occur. A protective net should be set around the solar water pump 3 . When the water pump 3 draws water from the water source, particles such as silt and floating objects in the water source are prevented from blocking the water intake of the water pump 3 .

(3) Selection of sensors.

Because this system is used in agricultural production, the temperature sensor mainly measures the temperature of the land and the surrounding environment, and the detection range is about -10°C to 50°C; it is required to be able to adapt to the soil characteristics, moisture resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, stable performance, Accuracy ±0.5℃, working voltage range: +3.0～+5.5V. The humidity sensor is used to measure the moisture content of the soil, usually using a silicon humidity sensitive resistance sensor, the accuracy is 1%, the detection range is 0-100%, the working voltage is 2.5V, the working conditions: environment and soil temperature: 0-40 ℃.

(4) Software programming of the single-chip microcomputer control system, its main program flow (as shown in Figure 2)

Claims (7)

1. An automatic watering system for solar greening, comprising a solar panel (9), a water pump (3), a sprinkler irrigation system (6). A micro-irrigation system (7), with a baffle plate, a filter water storage for water ( 2), it is characterized in that, this system also comprises rainwater collector and supplementary water, fertilization system (1), accumulator (10), charge controller (8), the automatic control system (4) that is made up of single-chip microcomputer, sensor; Said solar battery panel (9) is connected with battery (10) through charging controller (8), and is used for charging battery (10) and controlling the overcharge or overdischarge of battery (10). The control system (4) is connected to the water pump (3), the water suction port of the water pump (3) is connected to the water reservoir (2), and the water outlet is connected to the sprinkler irrigation system (6) and the micro-irrigation system (7) through the filter (5); The rainwater collector and supplementary water and fertilization system (1) are connected with the water storage device (2). 2. The automatic watering system for solar greening according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric energy generated by the solar panel (9) is 125W/m ² . 3. The automatic watering system for solar greening according to claim 1, characterized in that a filter (5) is connected between the water pump (3), the sprinkler irrigation system (6) and the micro irrigation system (7). 4. The automatic watering system for solar greening according to claim 1, characterized in that, the micro-irrigation system (7) includes drip irrigation or spray irrigation or seepage irrigation. 5. The automatic watering system for solar greening according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the water pump (3) is a submersible pump or a pipeline pump or a centrifugal pump. 6. The automatic watering system for solar greening according to claim 1, characterized in that, the series of single-chip microcomputers are 51 series. 7. The automatic watering system for solar greening according to claim 1, wherein the sensor includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; wherein, the detection range of the temperature sensor is -10°C to 50°C; the accuracy is ±0.5°C, and the working Voltage range: +3.0～+5.5V; the humidity sensor is a silicon humidity sensitive resistance sensor, its accuracy is 1%, the detection range is 0～100%, the working voltage is 2.5V, it is suitable for the working environment and the soil temperature is 0～40℃.

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