CN1983744A - Circular laser with continuouslly variable outputting coupler - Google Patents
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017502 Nd:YVO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种输出耦合连续可变的激光器，涉及一种可连续改变输出耦合度的固体激光器。本激光器的谐振腔中，耦合输出镜(8)的入射角度可调节。该输出耦合镜(8)与反射镜(7)位于旋转台(6)上，两镜片相互垂直放置；反射镜(5)处于平移台(9)上，根据旋转台旋转的角度平移反射镜，以保持谐振光路。本发明能在不同的泵浦功率下使激光输出达到最佳。
A laser with continuously variable output coupling relates to a solid-state laser capable of continuously changing the output coupling degree. In the resonant cavity of the laser, the incident angle of the coupling output mirror (8) can be adjusted. The output coupling mirror (8) and reflector (7) are located on the turntable (6), and the two mirrors are placed perpendicular to each other; the reflector (5) is placed on the translation stage (9), and the reflector is translated according to the angle of rotation of the turntable, To maintain the resonant optical path. The invention can optimize the laser output under different pumping powers.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种可连续改变输出耦合度的固体激光器。The invention relates to a solid-state laser capable of continuously changing the output coupling degree.
背景技术Background technique
在常规的激光器中，输出耦合镜的透过率是固定的，在一个具体激光系统中，采用固定耦合率的输出，仅能在一个小范围的泵浦功率内实现最佳的输出。在不同泵浦功率下，输出耦合的最佳值不同，在低泵浦功率下，激光增益较小，此时，输出耦合宜小，以减小损耗，降低激光阈值，增强激光反馈，得到较大的激光输出；而在高泵浦功率下，此时，激光增益大，腔内光反馈强，输出耦合宜大，以将激光能量更有效地输出，并且防止谐振腔内激光过强而损伤介质镜及激光工作介质。因此，固定的输出耦合率难以达到使激光器在不同泵浦功率下均达到最佳输出的效果。基于光以不同入射角照射输出镜时透过率不同的原理，我们设计了该激光装置。通过改变介质输出镜的角度来改变激光输出耦合度，从而使激光器在不同的泵浦功率下均能以最佳耦合率输出，提高激光效率。In conventional lasers, the transmittance of the output coupling mirror is fixed. In a specific laser system, the output with a fixed coupling rate can only achieve the best output within a small range of pump power. Under different pump powers, the optimal value of output coupling is different. At low pump power, the laser gain is small. At this time, the output coupling should be small to reduce loss, reduce laser threshold, and enhance laser feedback to obtain better results. Large laser output; at high pump power, at this time, the laser gain is large, the optical feedback in the cavity is strong, and the output coupling should be large, so as to output the laser energy more effectively and prevent the laser from being too strong in the resonator. Dielectric mirror and laser working medium. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve the best output effect of the laser under different pump powers with a fixed output coupling ratio. Based on the principle that the transmittance of the output mirror is different when the light irradiates the output mirror at different incident angles, we designed the laser device. By changing the angle of the dielectric output mirror to change the laser output coupling degree, the laser can output at the best coupling rate under different pump powers and improve the laser efficiency.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明采用环形谐振腔结构。在环形谐振腔中，通过在光路中加入一个半波片和法拉第旋光装置，使激光在环形谐振腔中单向振荡，并由输出镜单向输出。The present invention adopts a ring resonant cavity structure. In the ring resonator, by adding a half-wave plate and a Faraday rotation device in the optical path, the laser oscillates in one direction in the ring resonator and is output by the output mirror in one direction.
下面结合附图及实施例说明该激光装置的具体工作过程。The specific working process of the laser device will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图中，1是激光工作介质，可以为晶体、玻璃、陶瓷等固体激光材料，2为泵浦系统，可采用连续灯泵浦或者脉冲灯泵浦，也可采用连续二极管激光泵浦或者脉冲二极管激光泵浦，3是冷却系统，用于冷却激光工作介质，4、5、7是对激光波长全反射的反射镜，6是旋转台，8是对激光波长部分透过的输出耦合镜，反射镜7与输出耦合镜8位于旋转台6上，随着工作台6的转动，输出耦合镜8的透过率发生较大的变化，从而实现不同泵浦功率下的不同输出耦合率，镜片7和8之间角度保持90°，以实现镜片7、5之间的激光光束与镜片8、4之间的激光光束平行，9是平移台，镜片5处于该平台上，随着旋转台的转动进行相应移动，10是半波片，11是法拉第旋光装置，10与11共同作用，使偏振的行波激光只能在一个方向上振荡，从而实现单向的激光振荡及输出，对Nd:YAG、Nd:GGG等各向同性的晶体，环形谐振腔中需增加偏振元件或将激光晶体加工成布儒斯特角，对Nd:YAlO3、Nd:YVO4、Nd:GdVO4等偏振输出的晶体则不需要增加偏振元件或加工成布儒斯特角。In the accompanying drawings, 1 is the laser working medium, which can be solid laser materials such as crystal, glass, ceramics, etc., and 2 is the pumping system, which can be pumped by continuous lamp or pulsed lamp, or can be pumped by continuous diode laser or pulsed Diode laser pumping, 3 is the cooling system, used to cool the laser working medium, 4, 5, 7 are mirrors that fully reflect the laser wavelength, 6 is a rotating table, 8 is an output coupling mirror that partially transmits the laser wavelength, The reflector 7 and the output coupling mirror 8 are located on the rotating table 6. With the rotation of the worktable 6, the transmittance of the output coupling mirror 8 changes greatly, thereby realizing different output coupling ratios under different pump powers. The angle between 7 and 8 is maintained at 90° so that the laser beam between the lenses 7 and 5 is parallel to the laser beam between the lenses 8 and 4. 9 is a translation platform, and the lens 5 is on this platform. Rotate to move accordingly, 10 is a half-wave plate, 11 is a Faraday optical rotation device, 10 and 11 work together to make the polarized traveling-wave laser oscillate in one direction, thereby realizing unidirectional laser oscillation and output. For Nd: For isotropic crystals such as YAG and Nd:GGG, it is necessary to add polarization elements in the ring resonator or process the laser crystal into a Brewster angle. For crystals with polarized output such as Nd:YAlO3, Nd:YVO4, and Nd:GdVO4 No additional polarizing elements or machining to Brewster's angle are required.
泵浦系统2工作后，冷却系统3将激光运转过程产生的热量带走，使工作介质1在正常的温度下运转。激光在4、5、7、8组成的环形谐振腔内振荡，利用半波片10和法拉第旋光器11实现单向的激光振荡，通过输出耦合镜8实现激光输出。当泵浦功率变化时，转动旋转台6，使输出耦合镜8的透过率发生变化，达到最佳输出的要求。此时，由于反射镜7与耦合输出镜8互相垂直，旋转工作台不会改变由输出耦合镜8射出的光线的方向，但会使该光线发生平移，故应通过平移台9相应移动反射镜5的位置，以保持激光的谐振光路。谐振腔内也可插入声光或电光调Q装置，以输出高峰值功率的激光。After the pumping system 2 works, the cooling system 3 takes away the heat generated during the operation of the laser, so that the working medium 1 operates at a normal temperature. The laser oscillates in the ring resonator composed of 4, 5, 7, and 8. The half-wave plate 10 and the Faraday rotator 11 are used to realize unidirectional laser oscillation, and the output coupling mirror 8 is used to realize laser output. When the pump power changes, the rotating table 6 is rotated to change the transmittance of the output coupling mirror 8 to meet the requirement of the best output. At this time, since the mirror 7 and the output coupling mirror 8 are perpendicular to each other, the rotating table will not change the direction of the light emitted by the output coupling mirror 8, but it will cause the light to translate, so the mirror should be moved correspondingly through the translation platform 9 5 positions to maintain the resonant optical path of the laser. An acousto-optic or electro-optic Q-switching device can also be inserted into the resonator to output high peak power laser.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图为侧面泵浦激光装置示意图。The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of a side-pumped laser device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
采用如附图的结构，激光工作介质1采用Nd:YAG晶体，泵浦系统2采用连续氪灯泵浦，泵浦方式采用侧面泵浦，泵浦光由侧面照入激光晶体，反射镜4、5、7镀1064nm的全反射膜，输出耦合镜8镀对1064nm部分透过的膜，随着旋转台6的转动，其透过率可在一定范围内变化。在泵浦功率较低时，将旋转台6转动到输出耦合镜5透过率较低的位置，同时将反射镜5平移到适合位置，激光在4、5、7、8组成的谐振腔内振荡，并由输出耦合镜8处输出。当泵浦功率增大时，旋转台6转动，使输出耦合镜8透过率增大，同时移动5的位置以保持激光振荡，使激光输出最大。Adopt the structure as shown in the figure, the laser working medium 1 adopts Nd:YAG crystal, the pumping system 2 adopts continuous krypton lamp pumping, the pumping method adopts side pumping, the pumping light is irradiated into the laser crystal from the side, and the mirror 4, 5 and 7 are coated with a 1064nm total reflection film, and the output coupling mirror 8 is coated with a partially transparent film of 1064nm. With the rotation of the rotary table 6, its transmittance can be changed within a certain range. When the pump power is low, turn the rotary table 6 to the position where the output coupling mirror 5 has a low transmittance, and at the same time translate the mirror 5 to a suitable position, and the laser is in the resonant cavity composed of 4, 5, 7, and 8 Oscillate and output from the output coupling mirror 8. When the pump power increases, the rotating table 6 rotates to increase the transmittance of the output coupling mirror 8, and at the same time moves the position of 5 to maintain laser oscillation and maximize the laser output.
实施例2Example 2
采用如附图的结构，激光工作介质1采用Nd:YAG，泵浦系统2采用脉冲氙灯泵浦，泵浦方式采用侧面泵浦，泵浦光由侧面照入激光工作介质，反射镜4、5、7镀1064nm的全反射膜，输出耦合镜8镀对1064nm部分透过的膜，随着旋转台6的转动，其透过率可在一定范围内变化。在泵浦能量较低时，将旋转台6转动到输出耦合镜8透过率较低的位置，同时将镜片5平移到适合位置，激光在4、5、7、8组成的谐振腔内振荡，并由输出镜8处输出。当泵浦能量增大时，旋转台6转动，使镜片8透过率增大，同时移动5的位置以保持激光振荡，使激光输出最大。Adopt the structure as shown in the attached figure, the laser working medium 1 adopts Nd:YAG, the pumping system 2 adopts pulsed xenon lamp pumping, the pumping method adopts side pumping, the pumping light is irradiated into the laser working medium from the side, and the mirrors 4 and 5 , 7 are plated with a total reflection film of 1064nm, and the output coupling mirror 8 is plated with a film that is partially transmitted to 1064nm. With the rotation of the rotary table 6, its transmittance can vary within a certain range. When the pump energy is low, turn the rotary table 6 to the position where the output coupling mirror 8 has a low transmittance, and at the same time translate the lens 5 to a suitable position, and the laser oscillates in the resonant cavity composed of 4, 5, 7, and 8 , and output by the output mirror 8. When the pump energy increases, the rotating table 6 rotates to increase the transmittance of the lens 8, and at the same time moves the position of the 5 to maintain the laser oscillation and maximize the laser output.
实施例3Example 3
采用如附图的结构，激光工作介质1采用Nd:YAG晶体，泵浦系统2采用808nm二极管激光泵浦，泵浦方式采用端面泵浦，泵浦光透过反射镜4射入激光晶体，反射镜4镀1064nm全反808增透的膜系，反射镜5、7镀1064nm的全反射膜，激光器其他特征同实施例1。Adopt the structure as shown in the figure, the laser working medium 1 adopts Nd:YAG crystal, the pumping system 2 adopts 808nm diode laser pumping, the pumping method adopts end pumping, the pumping light is injected into the laser crystal through the reflector 4, and the reflection Mirror 4 is coated with 1064nm total reflection 808 anti-reflection film system, mirrors 5 and 7 are coated with 1064nm total reflection film, and other features of the laser are the same as in embodiment 1.
实施例4Example 4
采用如附图的结构，激光工作介质1采用Nd:YAG晶体，泵浦系统2采用808nm二极管激光泵浦，泵浦方式采用侧面泵浦，泵浦光由侧面照入激光晶体，激光器其他特征同实施例1。The structure shown in the attached figure is adopted, the laser working medium 1 adopts Nd:YAG crystal, the pumping system 2 adopts 808nm diode laser pumping, the pumping method adopts side pumping, and the pumping light is irradiated into the laser crystal from the side, and other features of the laser are the same Example 1.
实施例5Example 5
采用如附图的结构，激光工作介质1采用钕玻璃，泵浦系统2采用脉冲氙灯泵浦，泵浦方式采用侧面泵浦，泵浦光由侧面照入激光工作介质，激光器其他特征同实施例2。Adopt the structure as shown in the accompanying drawing, the laser working medium 1 is made of neodymium glass, the pumping system 2 is pumped by a pulsed xenon lamp, the pumping method is side pumping, and the pump light is irradiated into the laser working medium from the side, and other features of the laser are the same as those in the embodiment 2.
实施例6Example 6
采用如附图的结构，激光工作介质1采用Nd:YVO4晶体，泵浦系统2采用808nm二极管激光泵浦，泵浦方式采用端面泵浦，激光器其他特征同实施例3。The structure shown in the accompanying drawings is adopted, the laser working medium 1 adopts Nd:YVO 4 crystal, the pumping system 2 adopts 808nm diode laser pumping, and the pumping method adopts end-pumping, and other features of the laser are the same as those in Embodiment 3.
实施例7Example 7
采用如附图的结构，激光工作介质1采用Nd:GdVO4晶体，泵浦系统2采用807nm二极管激光泵浦，泵浦方式采用侧面泵浦，泵浦光由侧面照入激光晶体，激光器其他特征同实施例1。The structure shown in the attached figure is adopted, the laser working medium 1 adopts Nd:GdVO 4 crystal, the pumping system 2 adopts 807nm diode laser pumping, the pumping method adopts side pumping, and the pumping light is irradiated into the laser crystal from the side, other characteristics of the laser With embodiment 1.
实施例8Example 8
采用如附图的结构，激光工作介质1采用Nd:YAlO3晶体，泵浦系统2采用803nm二极管激光泵浦，泵浦方式采用端面泵浦，泵浦光透过反射镜4射入激光晶体，反射镜4镀1064nm全反803nm增透的膜系，激光器其他特征同实施例3。Adopt the structure as shown in the figure, the laser working medium 1 adopts Nd:YAlO 3 crystal, the pumping system 2 adopts 803nm diode laser pumping, the pumping method adopts end pumping, and the pumping light is injected into the laser crystal through the reflector 4, The reflective mirror 4 is coated with a 1064nm total reflection 803nm anti-reflection film system, and other features of the laser are the same as those in Embodiment 3.
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| CN103296571A (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-09-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Pumping ring cavity regenerative amplifier |
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| DE3563899D1 (en) * | 1984-03-31 | 1988-08-25 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | Ring laser, in particular for a ring laser gyro |
| US5263037A (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1993-11-16 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Optical oscillator sweeper |
| CN1087115C (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2002-07-03 | 山西大学 | Single-frequency frequency-doubling solid laser |
| ATE231294T1 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2003-02-15 | Gigaoptics Gmbh | PASSIVE MODE-LOCKED FEMTOSECOND LASER |
| CN1207826C (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2005-06-22 | 清华大学 | End semiconductor pumping bidirectional solid ring laser |
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| CN103296571A (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-09-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Pumping ring cavity regenerative amplifier |
| CN103296571B (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2015-09-16 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Pumping annular chamber regenerative amplifier |
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