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CN1981002A - 塑料用助粘剂 - Google Patents

塑料用助粘剂 Download PDF

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CN1981002A
CN1981002A CNA200580022813XA CN200580022813A CN1981002A CN 1981002 A CN1981002 A CN 1981002A CN A200580022813X A CNA200580022813X A CN A200580022813XA CN 200580022813 A CN200580022813 A CN 200580022813A CN 1981002 A CN1981002 A CN 1981002A
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additive
coating
coating composition
alcohol
adhesion promoter
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I·F·M·瓦尔特
L·W·斯维夫特
L·N·普里斯
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Akzo Nobel Coatings International BV
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Akzo Nobel Coatings International BV
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于涂敷塑料基底的涂料组合物，其包含至少一种含羟基官能团的成膜聚合物，至少一种多异氰酸酯化合物及新型的助粘剂添加剂。该助粘剂添加剂包含(A)至少一种改性聚烯烃；和(B)至少一种选自一元醇、含环氧官能团的硅烷及其混合物的组分。本发明还涉及涂敷的塑料基底和涂敷该基底的方法。

Description

塑料用助粘剂
技术领域
本发明涉及助粘剂添加剂和适用于包括热塑性聚烯烃(TPO)的多种塑料组分的涂料组合物。该涂料组合物包含所述助粘剂添加剂，其中助粘剂添加剂含有(a)至少一种改性聚烯烃和(b)至少一种一元醇、至少一种含环氧官能团的硅烷或其混合物。本发明也公开了由该涂料组合物所油漆的基底。本发明组合物尤其适用作汽车工业中塑料组件的底漆。
发明背景
塑料用于广泛的应用中，包括容器、家用电器、汽车部件和配件以及其它商业产品。至于汽车工业，在过去的几十年间已经显著增加了对塑料组件的使用。对更轻更节省燃料汽车的追求已导致汽车制造商们在越来越多的内部和外部应用中使用塑料，所述内部和外部应用例如为安全气囊盖、保险杠、汽车仪表板、挡泥板、车门、发动机盖板、车顶板以及后备箱盖板。除了通常的低成本之外，塑料也是低重量的、耐腐蚀的、耐冲击的、较易成型且可回收的。由于这些和其它来自其使用的优点，不可避免地越来越多的汽车部件将由塑料生产。
为了装饰或者保护汽车组件，尤其车体外部件以免在面对阳光、湿气、热和冷时降解，通常需要将它们油漆或否则涂敷。为得到更持久且更耐用的部件，重要的是这些涂料紧紧地粘着于组件的表面。
越来越多地使用塑料作为汽车组件的一个问题是由多种热塑性和热固性材料制造的聚合物基底可具有大为不同的表面性质，如表面张力、粗糙度及柔韧性，这可使尤其在老化或暴露于环境后强的涂料粘着变得困难。通常，为了在汽车修理中在塑料上使用聚氨酯底漆，首先必须通过进行如“燃烧”试验的行为或通过检查识别体系而对该塑料进行鉴别如类型、柔韧性等，从而决定涂敷该塑料的合适方法。
热塑性聚烯烃(TPO)为聚丙烯和弹性体的合金，是一类常用于汽车工业的塑料。这种聚合物的结构造成多数涂料不会润湿或粘着于其表面。因此，其表面必须经物理或化学改性以使其通过多数现有涂敷技术而涂敷，但是每种表面预处理都有其各自的缺点。等离子体处理或电晕放电使用离子化的气体来氧化表面，而且可能是困难且昂贵的。火焰处理也氧化表面，但要求火焰的精确距离，这在生产线上难以达到。蚀刻是另一种制备表面的方法。然而，刻蚀化学品可能是有毒的或是环境关注的主题。
另一种更普通的方法是在表面上油漆含氯代聚烯烃树脂(CPO)的助粘底漆的薄层或粘结层以获得粘合性。然而，这些溶剂型氯代聚烯烃可能具有有限的溶解性且需要使用芳族溶剂例如二甲苯或甲苯，不超过排放标准地使用这些溶剂可能是困难的。此外，该多步方法可以是耗时的、更昂贵的且易于疏忽的。因此，需要通过开发一种对包括TPO的塑料提供粘合性的添加剂而缩短该方法，从而在涂敷前不需要“粘结层”和鉴别塑料的步骤。该方法在汽车工业和汽车修理工业以及其它普遍使用涂敷塑料的工业中将是非常有益的。
已经开发了一些直接对如TPO的聚合物材料具有可接受的粘合性而不用使用单独的助粘剂层或粘结层的涂料组合物。例如，已在涂料组合物中使用聚烯烃二元醇以提高对聚合物基底的粘合性而不用使用单独的助粘剂层或粘结层。例如在此引入作为参考的美国专利US6001469公开了一种涂料组合物，其含有带端羟基的饱和多羟基化的聚二烯烃聚合物。
也在此引入作为参考的美国专利US4863988涉及一种可固化的油漆组合物，其含有可固化的成膜树脂和氯代且接枝改性的聚丙烯。
然而，仍然需要直接对众多种塑料表面具有良好粘合性的、在其中掺有助粘剂添加剂的涂料组合物。
发明概述
本发明的目的是提供一种增强涂料配制剂的粘合性，尤其对塑料基底的粘合性的助粘剂添加剂。
本发明的相关目的是提供一种直接粘附于塑料基底表面而不需预先在基底上施涂粘结层的涂料组合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种在多种塑料基底上形成涂膜而不需在施涂涂料前对具体塑料基底进行鉴别的涂料组合物。
已经发现当改性聚烯烃结合一元醇或含环氧官能团的硅烷时，形成了一种可掺入涂料组合物中的新型助粘剂添加剂，由此允许不用传统的预处理方法而将组合物直接涂敷于很多种塑料基底上。还发现另一个优点在于该添加剂还降低了对涂料组合物增韧的要求。
更具体而言，本发明涉及一种助粘剂添加剂，其包含：(A)至少一种改性聚烯烃；和(B)至少一种选自一元醇、含环氧官能团的硅烷及其混合物的组分。
本发明还涉及包含所述助粘剂添加剂的涂料组合物。除助粘剂添加剂外，一种该涂料组合物还包含至少一种含羟基官能团的成膜聚合物和至少一种多异氰酸酯化合物。
本发明还涉及通过将包含助粘剂添加剂的涂料组合物施涂到塑料基底上并使涂料组合物固化而涂敷塑料基底的方法以及涂敷有该涂料组合物的塑料物品。
虽然在汽车工业中特别有益，如上所述本发明也可应用于使用涂敷的塑料基底的其它工业。
发明详述
本发明涉及一种助粘剂添加剂和包含该助粘剂添加剂的涂料组合物。在优选的实施方案中，涂料组合物还包含至少一种含羟基官能团的成膜聚合物和至少一种多异氰酸酯化合物。所述助粘剂添加剂包含(A)至少一种改性聚烯烃和(B)至少一种选自一元醇、含环氧官能团的硅烷及其混合物的组分。优选涂料组合物中掺入的助粘剂添加剂的量基于涂料组合物的总体积为20-40体积％，更优选25-35体积％。
含羟基官能团的成膜聚合物的羟基值基于聚合物的固含量优选为50-300mg KOH/g，且更优选70-200mg KOH/g。数均分子量优选不超过6000且更优选不超过4500。多分散性优选约1.1-5且更优选约1.1-3。聚合物的酸值基于聚合物的固含量优选小于或等于50mg KOH/g。合适的含羟基官能团的成膜聚合物的实例包括聚酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯、聚氨酯、聚碳酸酯或聚酰胺。在一个优选实施方案中，聚合物为聚丙烯酸酯多元醇。
所述多异氰酸酯化合物为具有两个或多个，优选两个至四个异氰酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯。有用的多异氰酸酯化合物的实例包括甲苯二异氰酸酯、亚甲基-二(异氰酸4-环己基酯)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯及其异氰脲酸酯或其加合物、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯及其异氰脲酸酯、缩二脲、二氮杂环丁二酮(urethdione)、和脲基甲酸脂以及间-四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯及其与三羟甲基丙烷的加合物。
所述涂料组合物还包含助粘剂添加剂，所述助粘剂添加剂包含至少一种改性聚烯烃。优选添加剂中改性聚烯烃的量基于添加剂的重量为10-30重量％。一种特别优选的聚烯烃是也称为CPO的氯代聚烯烃。适用于本发明的氯代聚烯烃的氯含量基于最终氯代聚烯烃的总固体重量优选为15-60重量％，更优选18-23重量％。氯代聚烯烃优选具有5000-200000，更优选10000-40000的重均分子量。氯代聚烯烃可以为呈粉末或粒状的固体或在溶液中。通常，可使用任何本领域技术人员所公知为助粘剂的氯代聚烯烃，例如氯代聚丙烯、氯代聚丁烯、氯代聚乙烯及其混合物。一种合适的氯代聚烯烃为购自美国Kingsport，Tennessee的Eastman ChemicalCompany的CPO-343-1。其它合适的氯代聚烯烃如在此引入作为参考的美国专利US4997882；US5319032及US5397602中所述。
其它合适的改性聚烯烃例如包括购自美国Kingsport，Tennessee的Eastman Chemical Company的一种非氯代聚烯烃AP440-1。更通常来说，若为非氯代的，则改性聚烯烃必须具有足够的溶解性以包含到底漆配制剂中，必须具有低的成膜温度及高度的酸官能化，即酸值至少为40mgKOH/g。改性聚烯烃优选能够热固化。
所述助粘剂添加剂还包含至少一种选自一元醇、含环氧官能团的硅烷及其混合物的组分。术语“一元醇”在整个说明书中用来描述在分子的一端具有一个羟基的线性、环状、芳族或支链烃。优选一元醇或含环氧官能团的硅烷的存在量为添加剂的5-30重量％。用于本发明的一元醇含有8-18个且优选12-18个碳原子。有用的一元醇的实例包括十六醇、十三醇、十四醇、十五醇、十六醇、十七醇和十八醇，更优选十二醇。许多其它的一元醇也可用于本发明。
合适的含环氧官能团的硅烷的实例包括但不限于(3-环氧丙氧丙基)三甲氧基硅烷、(3-环氧丙氧丙基)三乙氧基硅烷、(3-环氧丙氧丙基)三丙氧基硅烷、(3-环氧丙氧丙基)二甲氧基甲基硅烷、(3-环氧丙氧丙基)二甲基甲氧基硅烷。其它含环氧官能团的硅烷由文献所知并可通过本领域公知的方法而获得。
任选地，本发明涂料组合物还可包含一种或多种染料或颜料以提供颜色和/或遮盖。可使用任何为本领域技术人员所知的常规颜料，包括无机颜料如二氧化钛、滑石、云母、氧化铁、氧化铅、氧化铬、铬酸铅和碳黑/导电碳黑，和有机颜料如酞菁蓝和酞菁绿，以及多种其它有色颜料。优选涂料组合物中总的颜料量基于总固体为15-60重量％。具体的颜料量可变化，但通常颜料的量应使在所需膜厚和应用固体下达到需要的遮盖。
在本发明的一个实施方案中，涂料组合物还包含赋予干燥的膜以额外弹性并帮助防止膜开裂的增韧剂。增韧剂可以是聚酯，玻璃化转变温度低于10℃的柔软的丙烯酸树脂，或优选单官能烷烃。合适的单官能烷烃的实例包括具有C8-C18烷基链和X官能团的那些，其中X可以是OH、NH、NH2或SH。尤其优选那些具有OH官能团的C12-C18化合物，例如十二醇、十三醇、十四醇、十五醇、十六醇、十七醇和十八醇。在一个实施方案中，增韧剂可以与用于助粘剂添加剂中的一元醇相同。
除其它涂料组分所提供的任何溶剂外，本发明涂料组合物还可进一步包含溶剂组分。合适溶剂的非限制性实例包括脂族溶剂，芳族和/或烷基化的芳族溶剂如甲苯、二甲苯、和烃类溶剂，醇如异丙醇，酯，酮，乙二醇醚及乙二醇醚酯。
如果需要，本发明涂料组合物可包含其它在配制表面涂料领域中众所周知的材料，例如表面活性剂、流动控制剂、触变剂、填料、消泡剂、有机共溶剂、其它的成膜聚合物、聚合物微颗粒、催化剂及其它常规添加剂。
本发明涂料组合物可用本领域技术人员所熟知的技术来制备。涂料组合物的固含量优选19-73重量％。
本发明的涂料组合物尤其适于塑料基底的涂敷，所述塑料基底包括但不限于热塑性聚烯烃、聚碳酸酯、聚酯、聚丙烯、聚氨酯和聚酰胺如尼龙、ABS(丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物)、SMC(片状模塑料)、和RIM(反应注射成型)聚氨酯及其混合物。优选热塑性聚烯烃基底。
可通过包括刷涂、浸涂、流涂、喷涂等的任何常规方法而将本发明涂料组合物施涂到基底上，但是最常用喷涂来施涂。可使用用于手动或自动喷涂和静电喷涂的常规已知技术及设备。尽管使用常规施涂方法，该涂料组合物的优点之一是它可直接沉积到塑料基底的表面而不需要单独的助粘剂、粘结层或电晕预处理。
将所述涂料组合物用作底漆组合物时，随后可将面漆施涂到底漆上，所述面漆例如为传统的底涂层(base coat)-透明涂层组合物或传统的单涂层面漆。而且此外，在用作底漆或助粘剂层时，在施涂面漆层以前可用空气对涂料组合物进行干燥，或者可将涂料组合物预烘为固化了的膜。
尽管在此已经描述了涂料组合物的一个优选实施方案，本发明的新型助粘剂添加剂也可作为添加剂而用于任何传统的底漆组合物中，优选用于包含异氰酸酯的底漆组合物中。已经发现，在底漆组合物中使用该助粘剂添加剂为底漆提供了良好的粘合性，该良好的粘合性不仅是对塑料基底而言也对金属基底如钢基底而言。
本发明可通过以下非限制性实施例进一步说明。其中除非另作说明，所有的份数和百分数按重量计。
实施例
为以下实施例而制备了本发明的助粘剂添加剂。第一种助粘剂添加剂(“APA-1”)通过将30重量份的十二醇，20重量份的购自Eastman Chemicalscompany的一种氯代聚烯烃助粘剂CP343-1(CPO在二甲苯中的25重量％的溶液)，和50重量份的二甲苯顺序加入合适容器中并且在低搅拌下混合15分钟而制备。第二种助粘剂添加剂(“APA-2”)通过将20重量份的购自Eastman Chemicals company的一种非氯代聚烯烃助粘剂CP440-1(25重量％二甲苯溶液)，75重量份的二甲苯和5重量份的(3-环氧丙氧丙基)三甲氧基硅烷顺序加入合适容器中并且在低搅拌下混合15分钟而制备。
为了对比，在实施例1和2中使用了两种控制体系。控制体系A为底漆PO，其为购自美国Norcross，Georgia的Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc.的一种CPO粘结层组合物。控制体系B是也购自于Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc的一种底漆层组合物Plastoflex。
用于以下实施例的塑料板基底为购自美国Elkton，Maryland的BasellPolyolefins的一种热塑性聚烯烃(TPO)Hifax CA 186AC；购自美国Massachusetts的General Electric Plastics of Pittsfield的一种聚碳酸酯(PC)/聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)的共混物Xenoy1102；及购自Dublin，Ohio的Ashland Chemical Company的α相片状模塑料(SMC)。
实施例1
通过将100体积份的购自Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc.的Colorbuild底漆，50体积份的同样购自Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc.的Colorbuild密封硬化剂和30体积份的APA-1顺序加入而制备涂料组合物。将这些组分混合在一起直到均匀且在#4DIN杯上具有15-18秒的粘度。然后，用HPLV喷涂枪将该涂料组合物分别喷涂于每个塑料板基底上。允许所施涂的涂料干燥15分钟。下一步，根据在塑料上使用所需的技术方法将购自Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc.的一种底涂层Autobase Plus活化，并随后将其喷涂于每个涂过底漆的板上来进行遮盖，如使用黑白遮盖胶条的覆盖所示的那样。允许所施涂的底涂层干燥15分钟直至干到可用手指触摸。最后，按照用于在塑料上涂敷的每个技术数据表将购自Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc.的透明涂层Autoclear III活化，然后将该透明涂层喷涂于每个底涂层。这些样品在此称为样品A。
提供可以喷涂的对照A并将其施涂到塑料板基底上，干燥15分钟。如提供了对照B的技术数据表上所指导而将对照B施涂到基底上，并且允许干燥15分钟。干燥之后，如上所述将Autobase Plus底涂层和AutoclearIII透明涂层施涂到所有对照A板和对照B板上。
在室温下依照General Motors方法9503P在基底上进行对柔韧TPO的轴棒弯曲试验(0.5英寸轴棒)，并且依照General Motors方法9071P在基底上进行划格法粘合性试验。由下面的表1可以看出，样品A板具有与对照A板和对照B板同样良好的性能。
表1
体系 粘合性(10＝最好) 轴棒弯曲等级(10＝最好)
起始TPO SMC PC/PBT (室温)TPO
  样品A对照A对照B   1010NA     10NA10   10NA10     109NA
实施例2
通过将33重量份的玻璃化转变温度低于20℃的聚酯多元醇加入67重量份的Colorbuild底漆中并用刮刀混合而形成改性Colorbuild底漆来制备涂料组合物。将50体积份的Colorbuild密封硬化剂和30体积份的APA-2加入100体积份的改性Colorbuild底漆中。将这些组分混合在一起直至均匀且在#4DIN杯上具有15-18秒的粘度。然后，用HPLV喷涂枪将该涂料组合物分别喷涂于每个塑料板基底上。允许所施涂的涂料干燥15分钟。下一步，根据在塑料上使用所需的技术方法将Autobase Plus活化，并随后将其喷涂于每个涂过底漆的板上来进行遮盖，如使用黑白遮盖胶条的覆盖所表示的那样。允许所施涂的底涂层干燥15分钟直至干到可用手指触摸。最后，按照用于在塑料上涂敷的每个技术数据表将Autoclear III活化，然后将其喷涂于每个底涂层。这些样品在此称为样品B。
提供可以喷涂的对照A并将其施涂到塑料板基底上，干燥15分钟。如提供了对照B的技术数据表上所指导而将对照B施涂到基底上，并且允许干燥15分钟。干燥之后，如上所述将Autobase Plus底涂层和AutoclearIII透明涂层施涂到所有控制A板和控制B板上。
允许所有板在室温下熟化七天。在室温下依照General Motors方法9503P在基底上进行对柔韧TPO的轴棒弯曲试验(0.5英寸轴棒)，并且依照General Motors方法9071P在基底上进行划格法粘合性试验。由表2可以看出，样品B板具有与对照A板和对照B板同样的性能。
表2
体系 粘合性(10＝最好) 轴棒弯曲等级(10＝最好)
样品B对照A对照B  起始TPO1010NA SMC10NA10 PC/PBT10NA10  (室温)TPO109NA
实施例3
根据General Motors方法4465P和General Motors方法9508分别在如上对样品A和样品B所制备的TPO板上进行防潮性能试验和抗碎裂试验。允许所有板在室温下熟化七天。也根据General Motors方法9503P在室温下和-20下在板上进行轴棒弯曲试验。结果示于下面的表3。由表3可以看出，包含APA-1和APA-2的涂料具有良好的保留及抗碎裂性。
表3
  体系        轴棒弯曲   油漆保留％96小时潮湿  抗碎裂等级
    室温     -20
样品A     10     4     100％     GM9
样品B     10     4     98％     GM9
实施例4
根据General Motors方法4465P和General Motors方法9508分别在如上对样品A和样品B所制备的SMC及PC/PBT板上进行防潮性能试验和抗碎裂试验。允许所有板在室温下熟化七天。结果示于下面的表4。应指出潮湿后所有的油漆除去均发生在底涂层和底漆之间。没有观察到对基底的失败。
表4
  体系     油漆保留％    抗碎裂等级
   (96小时潮湿)
    SMC   PC/PBT     SMC   PC/PBT
  样品A     75    35     GM9   GM9
  样品B     75    35     GM9   GM9
实施例5
在本实施例中，将本发明的涂料组合物与当前可购买到的塑料底漆进行对比。用于本实施例的塑料板基底为购自美国Elkton，Maryland的BaseuPolyolefins的一种热塑性聚烯烃(TPO)Hifax CA 186AC和购自美国Pittsfield，Massachusetts的General Electric Plastics的一种丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)共聚物Cycloac AR4051。
如以上实施例1使用APA-1来制备涂料组合物。该组合物在此称为样品C。将样品C与SUA4903和DPX801及UPO7226进行对比，SUA4903和DPX801为购自PPG Industries的两种底漆，UPO7226为购自TheSherwin-Williams Company的底漆。
用HPLV喷涂枪将样品C单独喷涂于塑料板基底上。允许所施涂的涂料干燥15分钟。下一步，根据在塑料上使用所需要的技术方法将AutobasePlus活化来进行遮盖，如使用黑白遮盖胶条的覆盖所表示的那样。允许所施涂的底涂层干燥15分钟直至干到可用手指触摸。最后，按照用于在塑料上涂敷的每个技术数据表将Autoclear III活化，然后将其喷涂于每个底涂层上。
如提供产物的技术数据表所指导而将对比性的底漆施涂到基底上。然后，如上所述将Autobase Plus底涂层和Autoclear III透明涂层施涂到所有涂敷有对比底漆的基底上。
室温下依照General Motors方法9503P，General Motors方法4465P，General Motors方法9508P(用砂石磨损试验器(Gravelometer))和GeneralMotors方法9071P在每个涂敷的基底上分别进行轴棒弯曲试验，相对湿度试验，抗碎裂试验和初始粘合性试验。结果示于下面的表5。
表5
底漆  基底                 96小时防潮性能试验  砂石磨损试验器     柔韧性
  初始粘合性 96小时后的粘合性 粘合性2小时恢复  室温  寒冷      轴棒
 X  #   X    #   X   # 室温  寒冷
 样品C  ABS  100  100   100    96   100   99   9   9
 TPO  100  100   100    85   100   100   9   9   9   10
 PPGSUA4903  ABS  100  100   100    84   98   100   9   9
 TPO  100  100   99    0   100   70   9   9   8   9
 PPGDPX801  ABS  100  100   99    43   100   99   9   9
 TPO  100  100   99    30   100   99   9   9   6   6
 S-WUPO7226  ABS  100  100   100    55   100   95   9   9
 TPO  100  100   100    88   100   100   9   9   6   4
X：横切，#：交叉切。两者均反映粘合保留％。

Claims (22)

1.一种助粘剂添加剂，其包含如下组分：
(A)至少一种改性聚烯烃；和
(B)至少一种选自由一元醇、含环氧官能团的硅烷及其混合物组成的组的组分。
2.根据权利要求1的添加剂，其中所述添加剂中改性聚烯烃的量基于所述添加剂的总重量为10-30重量％，优选20-30重量％。
3.根据权利要求1或2的添加剂，其中所述改性聚烯烃为氯代聚烯烃。
4.根据权利要求1或2的添加剂，其中所述改性聚烯烃为非氯代聚烯烃。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项的添加剂，其包含一元醇。
6.根据权利要求5的添加剂，其中所述一元醇选自由十六醇、十三醇、十四醇、十五醇、十六醇、十七醇、十八醇、十二醇及其混合物组成的组。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项的添加剂，其包含含环氧官能团的硅烷。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项的添加剂，其中所述助粘剂添加剂中一元醇或含环氧官能团的硅烷的量基于所述添加剂的总重量为5-30重量％。
9.一种包含前述权利要求中任一项的助粘剂添加剂的涂料组合物。
10.根据权利要求9的涂料组合物，其还包含至少一种多异氰酸酯化合物。
11.根据权利要求10的涂料组合物，其还包含至少一种含羟基官能团的成膜聚合物。
12.根据权利要求9-11中任一项的涂料组合物，其还包含增韧剂。
13.根据权利要求12的涂料组合物，其中所述增韧剂选自由单官能烷烃、聚酯和玻璃化转变温度低于10℃的丙烯酸树脂组成的组。
14.根据权利要求13的涂料组合物，其中所述增韧剂为具有C12-C18烷基链和羟基官能团的单官能烷烃。
15.根据权利要求9-14中任一项的涂料组合物，其还包含颜料。
16.根据权利要求9-15中任一项的涂料组合物，其中所述组合物为底漆组合物。
17.一种涂敷塑料基底的方法，其包括以下步骤：
(i)将权利要求9-16中任一项的涂料组合物施涂到塑料基底上；和
(ii)使涂料组合物固化而形成第一涂层。
18.根据权利要求17的方法，其中对所述塑料基底没有进行预处理以改善涂料的粘合性。
19.根据权利要求17或18的方法，其还包括以下步骤：
(iii)在第一涂层顶上施涂底涂层组合物而形成第二涂层，
(iv)使第二涂层固化，
(v)在第二涂层顶上施涂透明涂层组合物而形成第三涂层，和
(vi)使第三涂层固化。
20.根据权利要求17-19中任一项的方法，其中所述塑料基底为汽车组件。
21.根据权利要求17-20中任一项的方法，其中所述塑料基底选自由热塑性聚烯烃、聚碳酸酯、聚酯、聚丙烯、聚氨酯、聚酰胺如尼龙、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物、SMC(片状模塑料)、RIM-聚氨酯及其混合物组成的组。
22.根据权利要求17-21中任一项的方法所涂敷的塑料基底。
CNA200580022813XA 2004-06-05 2005-06-03 塑料用助粘剂 Pending CN1981002A (zh)

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