CN1979284A - Liquid-crystal display - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a LCD, comprising a first substrate and a second substrate, opposite to each other; a liquid crystal layer placed in between the two substrates, where the surface of the first substrate apart from the liquid crystal layer is formed with a first lens array, that of the second substrate apart from the liquid crystal layer is formed with a second lens array, the two arrays both comprises several lenses, and the lenses of the two lens arrays correspond to pixels of a pixel array of the LCD. When coming from plane light source to the first substrate, about vertically, the light comes from the first lens array through the liquid crystal layer to the second lens array and then is scattered through several lenses of the second lens array. Thus, this can increase the visual angle of the LCD.

Description

LCD Monitor

【Technical field】

The invention relates to a liquid crystal display.

【Background technique】

In recent years, liquid crystal displays with the advantages of thinness, lightness, and low power consumption have been widely used in displays such as personal computers, mobile phones, televisions, cameras, and measuring instruments. Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display (TFT LCD) with superior characteristics such as low power consumption and no radiation has gradually become the mainstream of the market.

TFT LCD is a component used to control the amount of light passing through each pixel, and its image generation is to allow each independent pixel of the panel to produce the desired color. To achieve this, multiple cold-cathode lamps must be used as the backlight for the display, and to allow light to pass through each pixel, the panel must be segmented and made into small doors or switches to allow the light to pass through. Liquid crystal displays are screens that use liquid crystal components to modulate light. Liquid crystals can change their molecular structure so that they can allow varying amounts of light to pass through them (or block light entirely). As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic plan view of a liquid crystal display in the prior art. The liquid crystal display 100 generally includes a first substrate 101 , a second substrate 102 and a liquid crystal layer 107 sandwiched between them. The first substrate 101 is opposite to the second substrate 102 . A first transparent electrode layer 103 and a first alignment film 105 are sequentially disposed on the inner surface of the first substrate 101 , and a first polarizer 110 is disposed on the outer surface of the first substrate 101 . A color filter 108 , a second transparent electrode layer 104 and a second alignment film 106 are sequentially disposed on the inner surface of the second substrate 102 , and a second polarizer 111 is disposed on the outer surface of the second substrate 102 . Wherein, the first polarizer 110 , the second polarizer 111 , the color filter 108 , the first alignment film 105 and the second alignment film 106 can determine the maximum value of the luminous flux and the color generation. When a voltage is applied to the alignment layer, an electric field is generated to align the liquid crystal molecules at the interface of the alignment layer in a certain direction. Each pixel is composed of three sub-pixels of red, green and blue, just like a picture tube.

At present, the most common liquid crystal mode is twisted nematic liquid crystal (TFT-Twisted Nematic, TFT-TN), and its operation principle is that a transistor applies zero volts to the sub-pixel. The liquid crystals and the polarized light they control pass through are rotated 90 degrees horizontally between the two substrates. Because the polarization axis of the second polarizer 111 is offset by 90 degrees relative to the polarization axis of the first polarizer 110, the light can pass through, and if the red, green, and blue sub-pixels can be fully illuminated, they will mix and form A white spot is produced on the screen; however, if a voltage is applied to the indium tin oxide film (ITO), a vertical electric field will be formed, which will destroy the helical structure of the liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal molecules will try to arrange themselves into the same direction as the electric field direction, which means that the liquid crystal molecules will finally be perpendicular to the second polarizer 111. In this state, the incident light from the polarized direction cannot pass through the entire sub-pixel, the white dots of the sub-pixel become black dots, and the entire screen will appear black.

Compared with the traditional cathode ray tube (CRT) display and the TFT-TN, the TFT-TN has the problem of a smaller viewing angle. When viewing TFT-LCD from a certain angle, you will find that the brightness of the display drops sharply and serious color shift occurs. TFT-TN usually only has a viewing angle of 90 degrees, that is, 45 degrees on the left and right sides. Therefore, improving the viewing angle has always been the direction of the LCD industry.

【Content of invention】

In view of this, it is necessary to provide a liquid crystal display.

A liquid crystal display, which includes a first substrate and a second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged; a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate; wherein, the A first lens array is formed on the surface of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, and a second lens array is formed on the surface of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer. Both the first lens array and the second lens array include a plurality of lenses. The lenses of the lens array and the lenses of the second lens array correspond to the pixels of the pixel array of the liquid crystal display.

Compared with the prior art, the liquid crystal display has a first lens array and a second lens array respectively formed on the first substrate and the second substrate, and the first lens array and the second lens array both include a plurality of lenses. Therefore, when the light is approximately vertically incident on the first substrate from the surface light source, the light is incident from the first lens array of the first substrate to the second lens array of the second substrate through the liquid crystal layer, and then the light is transmitted by several lenses of the second lens array. Diverge. Therefore, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display can be improved.

【Description of drawings】

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a prior art liquid crystal display.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the propagation path of light passing through a pixel of the liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a propagation path of light passing through a pixel of the liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another propagation route of light passing through a pixel of the liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 4 .

【Detailed ways】

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a three-dimensional schematic view of the liquid crystal display of the present invention. The liquid crystal display 200 mainly includes a first substrate 201 , a second substrate 202 and a liquid crystal layer 207 .

The first substrate 201 is opposite to the second substrate 202 . The liquid crystal layer 207 is sandwiched between the first substrate 201 and the second substrate 202 . A first transparent electrode layer 203 and a first alignment film 205 are sequentially disposed on the inner surface 2010 of the first substrate 201 . A color filter 208 , a second transparent electrode layer 204 and a second alignment film 206 are sequentially disposed on the inner surface 2020 of the second substrate 202 . The outer surface of the first substrate 201 uses a thick film photoresist to form a first convex lens array 2011, the outer surface of the first convex lens array 2011 is provided with a first polarizer 211, and the outer surface of the second substrate 202 uses a thick film photoresist. The resist forms a second convex lens array 2021 , and a second polarizer 212 is disposed on the outer surface of the second convex lens array 2021 . The first convex lens array 2011 includes several tiny convex lenses 2012, and the focal point of the convex lenses 2012 is _F1 ; the second convex lens array 2021 includes several tiny convex lenses 2022, and the focal point of the convex lenses 2022 is _F2 . The radii of the convex lenses 2012 and 2022 of the first convex lens array 2011 and the second convex lens array 2021 are both 200 microns to 400 microns. Each tiny convex lens 2012 of the first convex lens array 2011 and each tiny convex lens 2022 of the second convex lens array 2021 correspond to a thin film transistor pixel. The optical axes are on the same straight line. The focal point _F1 of the convex lens 2012 of the first convex lens array 2011 and the focal point F2 of the convex lens 2022 of the second convex lens array 2021 are all located in the liquid crystal layer 207, and the focal point _F2 of the convex lens 2022 of the second convex lens array ₂₀₂₁ is located in the first convex lens between the convex lens 2012 of the array 2011 and its focal point _F1 .

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the propagation route of light passing through a pixel of the liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 2 . When the light is approximately vertically incident on the first convex lens array 2011 of the first substrate 201 from the surface light source, the light is converged by a number of tiny convex lenses 2012 on it to the focal point _F1 of the convex lens 2012 on the liquid crystal layer 207, and the light continues along the original direction In the liquid crystal layer 207, the second convex lens array 2021 that is incident to the second substrate 202 is propagated. Since the focal point _F2 of the convex lens 2022 of the second convex lens array 2021 is located between the convex lens 2012 of the first convex lens array 2011 and its focal point _F1 , the light It is emitted in a diverging state through several tiny convex lenses 2022 on it. The outgoing angle is much larger than the incident angle of light on the first substrate 201 , therefore, human eyes can see the image displayed on the display 200 from a larger angle, that is, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display 200 is improved.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal display 400 mainly includes a first substrate 401 , a second substrate 402 and a liquid crystal layer 407 .

The first substrate 401 is opposite to the second substrate 402 . The liquid crystal layer 407 is sandwiched between the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402 . The inner surface 4010 of the first substrate 401 is sequentially provided with a first transparent electrode layer 403 and a first alignment film 405 . The inner surface 4020 of the second substrate 402 is sequentially provided with a color filter 408 , a second transparent electrode layer 404 and a second alignment film 406 . The outer surface of the first substrate 401 uses a thick film photoresist to form a first convex lens array 4011, the outer surface of the first convex lens array 4011 is provided with a first polarizer 411, and the outer surface of the second substrate 402 uses thick film light The resist forms a second concave lens array 4021 , and a second polarizer 412 is disposed on the outer surface of the second concave lens array 4021 . The first convex lens array 4011 includes a number of tiny convex lenses 4012 whose focal point is F ₁ ; the second concave lens array 4021 includes a number of tiny concave lenses 4022 whose focal point is F ₂ . The convex lens 4012 and the concave lens 4022 of the first convex lens array 4011 and the second concave lens array 4021 have a radius range of 200 microns to 400 microns. Each tiny convex lens 4012 of the first convex lens array 4011 and each tiny concave lens 4022 of the second concave lens array 4021 correspond to a thin film transistor pixel. The optical axes are on the same straight line. The focal point _F1 of the convex lens 4012 of the first convex lens array 4011 is located in the liquid crystal layer 407, and the focal point _F2 of the concave lens 4022 of the second concave lens array 4021 can be set at any position.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic diagram of the propagation route of light passing through a pixel of the liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 4 . When the light is approximately vertically incident on the first convex lens array 4011 of the first substrate 401 from the surface light source, the light is converged by several tiny convex lenses 4012 on it to the contact point _F1 between the convex lens 4012 and the liquid crystal layer 407, and the light continues along the original direction The light propagates in the liquid crystal layer 407 and is directed to the second concave lens array 4021 of the second substrate 402, and the light rays are emitted in a diverging state through a plurality of tiny concave lenses 4022 thereon. The outgoing angle is much larger than the incident angle of light on the first substrate 401 , therefore, human eyes can see the image displayed on the display 400 from a larger angle, that is, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display 400 is improved.

In the liquid crystal display 400 shown in FIG. 4 , the focal point F 1 of the convex lens 4012 of the first convex lens array 4011 of the first substrate ₄₀₁ and the focal point F ₂ of the concave lens 4022 of the second concave lens array 4021 of the second substrate 402 are all designed on the second substrate 402 The focal point _F2 of the concave lens 4022 of the second concave lens array 4021 of the second substrate 402 is designed between the focal point F1 and the convex lens 401 of the first convex lens array 4011 of the first substrate ₄₀₁ on the side away from the liquid crystal layer 407 .

Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic diagram of another transmission route of light passing through a pixel of the liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 4 . When the light is approximately vertically incident on the first convex lens array 4011 of the first substrate 401 from the surface light source, the light is converged by a number of tiny convex lenses 4012 on it to the second concave lens array 4021 of the second substrate 402, and the light passes through several small convex lenses 4012 on it. The tiny concave lens 4022 emits light in a diverging state. The outgoing angle is much larger than the incident angle of light on the first substrate 401 , therefore, human eyes can see the image displayed on the display 400 from a larger angle, that is, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display 400 is improved.

It can be understood that the optical axes of the corresponding lenses of the first lens array and the second lens array may or may not be located on the same straight line.

Compared with the prior art, the liquid crystal display has a first lens array and a second lens array respectively formed on the first substrate and the second substrate, and the first lens array and the second lens array both include a plurality of lenses. Therefore, when the light is approximately vertically incident on the first substrate from the surface light source, the light is incident from the first lens array of the first substrate to the second lens array of the second substrate through the liquid crystal layer, and then the light is transmitted by several lenses of the second lens array. Diverge. Therefore, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display can be improved.

In addition, those skilled in the art can also make other changes within the spirit of the present invention. Of course, these changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. LCD, it comprises:

First substrate;

Second substrate, this first substrate and this second substrate are oppositely arranged;

One liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between this first substrate and this second substrate;

It is characterized in that: this first substrate is formed with first lens arra away from the surface of liquid crystal layer, second substrate is formed with second lens arra away from the surface of liquid crystal layer, this first lens arra and second lens arra all comprise some lens, and the lens of the lens of this first lens arra, second lens arra are corresponding with the pixel of this liquid crystal display pixel array.

2. LCD as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the lens of this first lens arra are convex lens.

3. LCD as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the lens of this second lens arra are convex lens.

4. LCD as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the concave lens focus of these two lens arras all designs in liquid crystal layer and the concave lens focus of second lens arra designs between the convex lens and its focus of first lens arra.

5. LCD as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the lens of this second lens arra are concavees lens.

6. LCD as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the concave lens focus of this first lens arra designs in liquid crystal layer.

7. LCD as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the focus of these two lens arras all designs in second substrate away from liquid crystal layer one side, and the concavees lens focus of second lens arra designs between the convex lens and its focus of first lens arra.

8. LCD as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the lens radius scope of this first lens arra and second lens arra is 200 microns to 400 microns.

9. LCD as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this first lens arra is located on the same line with the optical axis of the corresponding lens of second lens arra.

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