CN1963149A - Mining method for replacement of banded coal under building by waste rock - Google Patents

Abstract

A mining method for replacing striped coal pillars with gangue under buildings. According to the buried depth, width, overburden structure of the striped coal pillars and the protection level required by the surface buildings, 3-3 ~ 5 gangue-filled lanes; for 3 to 5 gangue-filled lanes, excavate for coal mining first, and then fill the gangue-filled lanes from the inside to the outside. Use gangue to fill and replace coal. Under the condition of ensuring the safety of the surface buildings, realize the replacement of mining coal resources with gangue in strip mining coal pillars by not less than 20%, and the total recovery rate of resources in strip mining areas is not less than 65%. The underground filling treatment not only eliminates the gangue pile on the ground, reduces the occupation of farmland, reduces air and environmental pollution, and eliminates the hidden danger of accidents that endanger human beings due to the collapse of the gangue pile or detonation; The lower strip of coal pillars implements secondary partial recovery.

Description

The Mining Method of Replacing Stripped Coal Pillars with Gangue Under Buildings

technical field

The invention relates to a gangue replacement mining method, in particular to a gangue replacement mining method for strip mining under buildings to protect coal pillars.

Background technique

There is a large backlog of coal resources in my country's "three downs" (under buildings, "under construction" for short, under railways, under water bodies). According to statistics, at present in my country, only the production mines of unified coal mines have "three-down" coal pressing amounted to 13.79 billion tons, of which 9.468 billion tons were under construction, accounting for 69% of the total coal pressing. Due to the deformation of the surface caused by underground mining, the building is subjected to additional forces such as tension, compression and bending. When the deformation caused by these additional forces exceeds the allowable deformation of the building, the building will be damaged to varying degrees. Sometimes it even collapses. At present, strip mining (hereinafter referred to as "strip mining") is generally used in the mining of coal resources under construction in order to protect surface buildings, but its recovery rate is low (generally about 40%) and resources are wasted seriously.

At the same time, coal production is accompanied by the discharge of a large amount of solid waste gangue, and its traditional treatment method is to carry it underground to the surface for accumulation, forming the unique surface characteristic of coal mines, "buildings" gangue hills. According to incomplete statistics, the cumulative amount of coal gangue piled up in the country over the years is about 4.5 billion tons. There are more than 1,600 large-scale gangue dumps, occupying about 15,000 hectares of land, and the amount of accumulation is increasing at a rate of 150 to 200 million tons every year. . The discharge of gangue has brought great threats and harm to the living environment and conditions of human beings, mainly manifested in: occupying land; polluting the environment; endangering human safety.

Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the safety of surface buildings, how to solve the partial recovery of coal mining pillars and the treatment of gangue (including gangue from underground rocks, coal-rock roadways, chamber excavation and ground washing gangue) have been solved. Become a major technical problem in coal mining.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a strip mining protection coal pillar gangue replacement mining method under a building.

In order to achieve the above object, the strip mining protection coal pillar gangue replacement mining method under the building of the present invention is:

(1) According to the burial depth, width, structure of the overlying rock and the protection level required by the surface buildings, 3 to 5 gangue filling lanes are arranged in the center of each coal pillar;

(2) For 3 to 5 gangue-filled lanes, excavate coal first, and then fill gangue from the inside to the outside in the roadway where the coal is mined.

The width of the 3-5 gangue-filled lanes arranged in the center of each strip of coal pillars is 3.5-5.0m, the height of the lanes is the same as the thickness of the coal seam, and the width of the coal pillars between the filling lanes is 4.0-6.0m.

For the excavation of 3 to 5 gangue-filled lanes, the center one is excavated first, and after the coal in the lane is extracted, the gangue-filled lane is carried out, and at the same time, the gangue-filled lane in the center of the next strip of coal pillars is excavated to By analogy, until the mining and filling of the last strip coal pillar is completed; then, starting from the first strip coal pillar, the gangue filling lanes on the same side of each strip coal pillar are dug in turn to replace gangue and coal. Until the coal mining and gangue filling of 3 to 5 gangue filling lanes in each strip coal pillar are completed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: control ground buildings within the allowable range of surface deformation, arrange gangue filling lanes in strip coal mining pillars, use gangue filling to replace mined coal, implement industrial plazas and strip coal resources under buildings Secondary recovery can realize the replacement of gangue mining coal resources by strip mining coal pillars to not less than 20%, and the total recovery rate of strip mining area resources is not less than 65%; it can ensure the safe use of surface buildings; it can realize all mine excavation gangue, The underground filling treatment of part of the ground waste rock can effectively avoid the pollution of surface waste rock accumulation; the cost of underground waste rock treatment is lower than that of ground treatment, and the comprehensive benefit of filling roadway (calculated as 4.0×5.0m) is not less than 7000.0 yuan/m. The industrial test in the mining area has achieved good results. It not only eliminates the gangue pile on the ground, reduces the occupation of farmland, reduces air and environmental pollution, and eliminates the danger of accidents that endanger human beings due to the collapse of the gangue pile or detonation; Underground structural support, on the basis of solving or reducing ground subsidence and subsidence, realizes the recovery of part of the coal resources under construction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of layout section and excavation sequence of gangue filling roadway for displacement mining according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of layout plan and excavation sequence of gangue filling roadway for displacement mining according to the present invention.

In the picture: a- gangue filling road; b- gangue filling main road

1-strip coal pillar 1; 2-strip coal pillar 2; 3-strip coal pillar 3.

Detailed ways

An embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

In the mining method for replacing striped coal pillars with gangue under buildings in the present invention, the gangue filling roadway b is firstly excavated, and after the excavation is completed and the equipment used during the excavation is removed, the gangue filling equipment is arranged gradually from the inside to the outside. Gangue filling treatment. After filling the gangue to fill the main lane, build a wall with cement to seal it. As shown in Figure 1, the burial depth of strip coal pillars 1, 2, and 3 is 290m, and the width is 50m. The protection level required for the overlying rock structure and surface buildings is Class I, and they are arranged in the center of each strip coal pillar. 3 gangue filling lanes d (if the cross section of the filling lane is designed as a rectangle, the width of the lane is generally 3.5-5.0m (the height of the lane is the same as the thickness of the coal seam), and the width of the coal pillars between the filling lanes is 4.0-6.0m. For the 3 gangue filling In the roadway, coal is excavated first, and then gangue is filled from the inside to the outside in the roadway where the coal is mined. In order to effectively control the deformation of the surface after mining, when the gangue is replaced and mined to recover the strip coal mining pillar, the method of jumping excavation is adopted. The sequence is shown in the figure 2,

①Three strip coal pillar replacement mining sequence: strip coal pillar 1→strip coal pillar 3→strip coal pillar 2.

②In the coal pillars of each strip, a gangue filling lane in the center is excavated first, and then filled, the sequence is: 12→32→22→11→31→21→13→33→23.

③ Gangue filling lanes are filled with excavation.

That is, first excavate a gangue-filled roadway in the center, and after mining the coal in the roadway, carry out gangue-filled roadway, and at the same time dig the gangue-filled roadway in the center of the coal pillar in the next strip, and so on until the last strip is completed Mining and filling of coal pillars; then starting from the first strip coal pillar, excavate the gangue filling lanes on the same side of each strip coal pillar in turn to replace gangue and coal until the completion of each strip coal pillar Excavation coal mining and gangue filling of the 3 gangue filling lanes.

The gangue filling process is as follows: the gangue mine cart is pushed into the dumper by the cart machine, the dumper dumps the gangue and stores it in the gangue bin, and enters the feeder from the bottom of the gangue bin, and transfers the gangue to the belt conveyor and transports it to the filling machine. The machine fills in the filling lane 4.

Claims (3)

1. the exploitation method of a replacement of banded coal under building by waste rock is characterized in that:

(1) protection class that requires according to the buried depth of strip coal pillar, width, overlying strata structure and surface buildings is in each strip coal pillar central authorities 3～5 waste filling lane of centralized arrangement;

(2) to 3～5 waste filling lanes earlier driving mine filling waste rock from inside to outside in the tunnel of extraction coal then.

2. the exploitation method of replacement of banded coal under building by waste rock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lanewidth in 3～5 waste filling lanes of described each strip coal pillar central authorities centralized arrangement is 3.5～5.0m, the lane is high identical with coal seam thickness, and coal pillar width is 4.0～6.0m between the filling lane.

3. the exploitation method of replacement of banded coal under building by waste rock according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described driving to 3～5 waste filling lanes tunnels Centromedian one earlier, behind the coal in the extraction lane, waste filling is carried out in this tunnel, tunnel the waste filling lane of next strip coal pillar central authorities simultaneously, by that analogy, until the exploitation of finishing last strip coal pillar and filling; And then, tunnel the waste filling lane of each strip coal pillar the same side successively from first strip coal pillar, and carrying out the displacement of spoil and coal, the driving in 3～5 waste filling lanes in finishing each strip coal pillar is mined and waste filling.