CN1959817B - Recording method, and recording equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

An information recording method for recording information on an information storage medium in which layer 0 and layer 1 as recording layers are sequentially arranged from a reading surface, and a system is sequentially arranged from the inner circumference of layer 0 Lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and middle area, and from the inner circumference of layer 1, arrange the system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and middle area sequentially, and in the data lead-out area in the data area A guard track zone is arranged on one side, and a reference code zone, an R physical format information zone, a recording position management zone, and a drive test zone are arranged in the data lead-in area of the layer 0 corresponding to the guard track zone, the method is characterized in that Including steps: after filling (S22) the driving test zone of the data lead-in area and recording (S24, S26) the recording position management zone, the reference code zone of the data lead-in zone, and the R physical format information zone of the data lead-in zone, Filling of the guard track zone of the data lead-out area is performed (S28).

Description

Recording method, and recording equipment

technical field

The present invention relates to an information storage medium such as a recordable optical disc, a recording method, and a recording apparatus.

Background technique

In recent years, a digital versatile disc (DVD) has been put into practical use as a large-capacity optical disc. As recordable DVDs, recordable DVD-R, rewritable DVD-RW, and DVD-RAM have been standardized. Once the information is recorded on the recordable disc DVD-R, the recorded area cannot be rewritten. A conventional recordable DVD-R includes a Power Calibration Area (PCA), a Recording Management Area (RMA), and a Data Recording Area (DA) in which actual recording processing is performed from the inner peripheral side (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-245625 (paragraphs 0041 to 0052, Figure 1)).

Also, the data recording area DA includes: a lead-in area in which recording parameter information etc. to be read out when the recording data is reproduced from the data area is recorded; a data area in which the recording data is recorded; Completion information and the like to be read out when reproduction of the recording data recorded in the data area is completed. The lead-in area is an area in which recording parameter information and the like are recorded before recording data in the data area. The lead-out area is an area in which end information is recorded before the recording of the recording data on the entire DVD is completed. The capacity of each zone is predetermined and constant.

When recording information on such a DVD (recording is performed from the inner circumference side of the data area), test recording is first performed in the PCA area. In the test recording, since the characteristics of the same type of disc vary with the manufacturer, and due to the use environment temperature, laser operation environment, etc., the optimum recording waveform changes. Therefore, the parameters (intensity, pulse width, etc.) of the recording waveform used when recording information on the optical disc are adjusted based on the results of the test recording.

Subsequently, management information and user data are recorded in the RMA area and the data area, respectively. The management information includes information indicating a specific recording area (recording-end position) in the data area, and the like. According to the progress of recording of user data, the management information is updated to the latest management information. Since the portion cannot be rewritten on the recordable DVD once the information is recorded, the remaining capacity of the RMA area is reduced every time the management information is updated. According to a method of updating management information, the RMA area may no longer have an unrecorded area until recording in the entire area of the data area is completed. When the RMA area has no unrecorded area, the management information cannot be updated. Therefore, the recording operation for this data area must be stopped.

On the other hand, in the above-mentioned DVD device, the recording waveform is changed. Depending on the recording position on the disk, the optimum recording waveform changes due to temperature or changes in old and new. In order to adjust the recording waveform according to these changes, in the DVD device, test recording is performed in the PCA area in order to adjust the parameters of the recording waveform. Like updating of management information, the remaining capacity of the PCA area is reduced every time test recording is performed. Depending on the manner in which test recording is performed, the PCA area may have no more unrecorded areas until the recording in the entire area of the data area is completed. When there is no unrecorded area in the PCA area, the recording operation must be stopped, or the user data and management information must be recorded without adjusting the recording waveform. Sufficiently reliable information cannot be reproduced from a portion on which information is recorded with an unadjusted recording waveform.

In order to prevent the shortage of the RMA area or the shortage of the PCA area, a large-capacity RMA area or PCA area may be reserved in advance. In this case, however, the capacity of the data area will be reduced. As a result, even if there are sufficient remaining unrecorded areas in the RMA area and PCA area, the capacity of the data area may not be large enough.

On the other hand, in order to increase the recording capacity, a next-generation DVD standard has been proposed in which the diameter of the beam spot is narrowed by shortening the wavelength of the laser beam or increasing the numerical aperture NA in order to increase the recording capacity. As a method of increasing the recording capacity, single-sided multilayer storage media have also been proposed. That is, in addition to narrowing the condensed spot, a plurality of recording layers are formed on one side of the disc, and the objective lens is moved in the direction of the optical axis to focus the light beam on the respective recording layers, so that recording and recording can be performed on the respective recording layers. reproduction (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-206849 (paragraphs 0036 to 0041, FIG. 1 )).

The single-sided multilayer storage medium has a problem called interlayer crosstalk that does not occur in the single-sided single-layer storage medium. For simplicity of description, a two-layer medium will be exemplified. On single-sided, dual-layer storage media, a laser beam is focused on the individual layers from a single readout surface. The layer closer to the readout surface is referred to as layer 0, while the layer farther from the readout surface is referred to as layer 1. When focusing the beam on each layer, some of the laser beam is irradiated on a layer other than the target layer. Therefore, reflected light beams from layers other than the target layer are mixed with reproduction signals at the time of reproduction, and interlayer crosstalk occurs. This interlayer crosstalk causes problems not only at the time of reproduction but also at the time of recording.

Contents of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an information storage medium that prevents the occurrence of an interlayer crosstalk layer caused by a reflected light beam from a layer other than a target layer.

An object of the present invention is to provide an information recording method that prevents the occurrence of an interlayer crosstalk layer caused by a reflected light beam from a layer other than a target layer.

An object of the present invention is to provide an information recording apparatus that prevents the occurrence of an interlayer crosstalk layer caused by a reflected light beam from a layer other than a target layer.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an information recording method for recording information on an information storage medium, in which layer 0 and layer 1 as recording layers are sequentially arranged from the read surface; The system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and middle area are arranged sequentially from the inner circumference; the system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and middle area are arranged sequentially from the inner circumference of layer 1; in the data lead-out area Arranging a guard track zone in a data area side; and arranging a reference code zone, an R physical format information zone, a recording position management zone, and a drive test zone, the method comprising the steps of: filling the drive test zone in the data lead-in area and carrying out the recording position management zone, the reference code zone in the data lead-in zone, and the R physical format information zone in the data lead-in zone After recording, filling of the guard track zone of the data lead-out area is performed.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an information recording method for recording information on an information storage medium, in which layer 0 and layer 1 as records are sequentially arranged from the read surface; from the layer The system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and middle area are arranged sequentially from the inner circle of layer 0; the system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and middle area are arranged sequentially from the inner circle of layer 1; in layer 0 A guard track zone is arranged in the middle area of the layer 1, and the guard track band is located on one side of the data area; and the middle area of the layer 1 corresponding to the guard track band includes a guard track band, and the method includes the steps of: After the guard track zone of the middle area is filled, the guard track band of the middle area of the layer 1 is filled.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an information recording method for recording information on an information storage medium, in which layer 0 and layer 1 as recording layers are sequentially arranged from the read surface; from the The system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and intermediate area are arranged sequentially from the inner circumference of layer 0; the system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and intermediate area are sequentially arranged from the inner circumference of layer 1; and in A guard track zone is arranged in the middle area of the layer 0, and the guard track band is located on one side of the data area, the method comprises the steps of: recording data in the data area of the layer 0 and the After padding, data recording in the data area of this layer 1 is performed.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an information recording apparatus for recording information on an information storage medium in which layer 0 and layer 1 as recording layers are sequentially arranged from the read surface; The system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and intermediate area are sequentially arranged from the inner circumference of layer 0; the system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and intermediate area are sequentially arranged from the inner circumference of layer 1; A guard track zone is arranged in the data lead-out area, and the guard track band is located at one side of the data area; and a reference code band, an R physical format information band, and a recording position are arranged in the data lead-in area of the layer 0 corresponding to the guard track band A management tape, and a drive test tape, the device comprising: a first filling unit that performs filling of the drive test tape of the data lead-in area; a recording unit that records a recording position of the data lead-in area management tape, and the data lead-in area and a second filling unit that performs filling of the guard track zone of the data lead-out area after filling by the first filling unit and recording by the recording unit.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an information recording apparatus for recording information on an information storage medium in which layer 0 and layer 1 as recording layers are sequentially arranged from a readout surface; from the The system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and middle area are arranged sequentially from the inner circle of layer 0; the system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and middle area are arranged sequentially from the inner circle of layer 1; A guard track zone is arranged in the middle area of 0, and the guard track band is located on one side of the data area; and the middle area of the layer 1 corresponding to the guard track band includes a guard track band, and the device includes: a first filling unit, which performing filling of the guard track zone of the middle area of the layer 0; and a second filling unit that performs filling of the guard track band of the middle area of the layer 1 after the filling by the first filling unit.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an information recording apparatus for recording information on an information storage medium in which layer 0 and layer 1 as recording layers are sequentially arranged from the read surface; The system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and intermediate area are arranged sequentially from the inner circumference of layer 0; the system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and intermediate area are sequentially arranged from the inner circumference of layer 1; and A guard track zone is arranged in the middle area of layer 0, and the guard track band is located on one side of the data area, and the apparatus includes: a first recording unit which records data in the data area of the layer 0; a padding unit which performs the filling of the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 0; and a second recording unit which records data in the data area of the layer 1 after the recording by the first recording unit and the filling by the filling unit .

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an information recording method includes the steps of: recording information in a lead-in area of a recording management data duplication tape in the data lead-in area; and recording recording position management data in a lead-in area of the data lead-in area One recording location manages the zone.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an information storage medium wherein information is recorded in a lead-in area of a record management data copy tape of a data lead-in area; and recording position management data is recorded in a record of the data lead-in area In the location management belt.

Description of drawings

1A and 1B are exemplary diagrams showing the structure of a standard phase shift recording film and the structure of an organic dye recording film;

Fig. 2 is an exemplary diagram showing the specific structural formula of the specific content of the composition of the information storage medium "(A3) azo-metal complex + Cu";

Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the light absorption spectrum characteristic of an organic dye recording material used in a current DVD-R disc;

4A and 4B are exemplary diagrams each showing a comparison of the shapes of recording films formed in a pre-pit region or a pre-groove region 10 in a phase-shift recording film and an organic dye recording film;

5A and 5B are illustrative diagrams each showing a specific plastic deformation state of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 at the position of the recording mark 9 in a write-once information storage medium using a conventional organic dye material;

6A, 6B and 6C are exemplary diagrams relating to the shape or size of a recording film in which the recording principle is easily established;

7A, 7B and 7C are exemplary diagrams each showing the shape and size of a recording film;

FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram showing an embodiment of an information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an exemplary diagram showing a detailed structure of a peripheral part including a synchronization code position sampling unit 145 shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an exemplary diagram showing polarities of detection signals detected from "H-L" recording films and "L-H" recording films;

FIG. 11 is an exemplary graph showing light absorption spectrum characteristics in an unrecorded state of an "L-H" recording film;

12 is an exemplary graph showing changes in light absorption spectral characteristics in a recorded state and an unrecorded state of an "L-H" recording film;

Figure 13 is an exemplary general structural formula of a cyanine dye for the cationic portion of an "L-H" recording film;

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an internal structure and dimensions of an information storage medium;

15A, 15B, 15C and 15D are exemplary diagrams each showing the internal data structure of the RMD duplication zone RDZ and recording position management zone RMZ in the write-once type information storage medium;

16A, 16B, 16C and 16D are exemplary diagrams, each showing a different alternative embodiment;

17A, 17B, 17C, and 17D are exemplary diagrams each showing a boundary area structure in a write-once information storage medium;

18A, 18B, 18C and 18D are exemplary diagrams each showing the internal data structure of the control data zone CDZ and the R physical information zone RIZ;

FIG. 19 is an exemplary diagram showing a comparison of contents of detailed information in allocation location information recorded on a data area DTA;

FIG. 20 is an exemplary diagram showing update conditions of recording location management data RMD;

Figure 21 shows an example diagram of 180-degree phase modulation and NRZ techniques in wobble frequency modulation;

Fig. 22 is an exemplary diagram showing the relationship between the wobble shape in the address bit area and the address bits;

23A, 23B, 23C and 23D are exemplary diagrams showing a comparison of the internal positional relationship of the wobble synchronization pattern and the wobble data unit;

24A, 24B, 24C and 24D are exemplary diagrams about an internal data structure of wobble address information in a write-once type information storage medium;

Fig. 25 is an example diagram of the setting position of the modulation area on the write-once type information storage medium;

26A, 26B, 26C and 26D are exemplary diagrams each showing the setting positions of the modulation areas in the physical segment on the write-once information storage medium;

27A and 27B are exemplary diagrams each showing another embodiment of the detection signal level conforming to the H format in an "L-H" recording film;

Figure 28 is an exemplary diagram showing a BCA data structure;

29A, 29B, 29C, 29D, 29E, 29F and 29G are exemplary diagrams, each showing an example of the content of the BCA information recorded in the BCA data area;

30A, 30B, 30C, 30D and 30E are exemplary diagrams each showing a wobble address format of a write-once type information storage medium;

31 shows an exemplary cross-sectional view of a dual-layer recordable disc according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 32 is an exemplary diagram showing a light beam on one layer of the disc while reading and writing on another layer;

Figure 33 shows an example graph showing the clearance (clearance) to prevent the influence of another layer in the worst case;

Figure 34 shows an example diagram showing physical sector numbers on layer 0 and corresponding recordable physical sectors on layer 1;

Figure 35 shows an example diagram showing clearances in the number of physical sectors;

FIG. 36 shows an exemplary graph showing general parameters of a write-once recording medium;

Figure 37 shows an example diagram showing a schematic representation of a lead-in area and a lead-out area;

Figure 38 shows an example diagram showing a schematic representation of the original intermediate region;

Figure 39 shows an example diagram showing orbital paths;

Figure 40 shows an example diagram showing the physical sector layout and numbering; Figure 41 shows an example diagram showing the layout of the address field in a WAP (wobble address in cycle position);

Figure 42 shows an example diagram showing the main WDU (Wobble Data Unit) in the sync field;

Figure 43 shows an example diagram showing the main WDU in the address field;

Figure 44 shows an example diagram showing a secondary WDU in a synchronization field;

Figure 45 shows an example diagram showing a secondary WDU in the address field;

Figure 46 shows an example diagram showing WDUs in the unified field;

Figure 47 shows an example diagram showing the lead-in structure;

Figure 48 shows an example diagram showing the structure of a control data zone;

Fig. 49 shows an example diagram showing the structure of a data segment in a control data section;

FIG. 50 shows an example diagram showing physical format information;

Figure 51 shows an example diagram of data area allocation;

FIG. 52 shows an example diagram showing the layout of an RMD (Recording Management Data) duplication zone;

Fig. 53 shows an example diagram showing the data structure of record management data;

Figure 54 shows an example diagram showing RMD field 0;

Fig. 55 shows an example diagram showing allocation of data areas;

Figure 56 shows an example diagram showing updated data area allocation;

Figure 57 shows an example diagram showing driving a test strip;

Figure 58 shows an example diagram showing RMD Field 1 (Part 1);

Figure 59 shows an example diagram showing RMD Field 1 (Part 2);

Figure 60 shows an example diagram showing RMD field 4;

FIG. 61 shows an example diagram showing RMD Field 5 to RMD Field 21;

FIG. 62 shows an example diagram showing the structure of a physical sector block in an R-physical format information zone;

FIG. 63 shows an example diagram showing physical format information;

Fig. 64 shows an example diagram showing data area allocation;

65A, 65B and 65C are exemplary diagrams showing structures of intermediate regions before/after expansion;

Fig. 66 shows an example diagram showing the structure of the middle area before expansion;

FIG. 67 shows an example diagram showing the structure of the middle region after small size expansion;

Fig. 68 shows an example diagram showing the structure of the middle region after large-scale expansion;

Figure 69 shows an example diagram showing the number of physical sectors in the guard track zone;

Figure 70 shows an example diagram showing the structure of a lead-out area;

Figures 71A and 71B show example diagrams showing schematic diagrams of two adjacent tracks;

Figure 72 shows an example diagram of a start PSN and an end PSN of a terminator;

73A and 73B are diagrams showing examples of type selection of track #i+1;

FIG. 74 shows an example diagram showing an example of a case where a type 3 physical segment is selected;

Figure 75 shows an example diagram showing an example of the process of selecting the physical segment;

Fig. 76 shows an example diagram showing an example of a recording process of a blank disc;

FIG. 77 shows an example diagram showing an example of the final area structure for recording user data on layer 1;

78A and 78B show exemplary diagrams showing an example of the final area structure for not recording user data on layer 1;

Figure 79 shows an exemplary diagram of another recording process of a blank disc;

Figure 80 shows an example diagram of still another recording process of a blank disc;

Figure 81 shows an exemplary diagram of the recording process of terminators;

Fig. 82 is a diagram showing an example of another recording process of terminators.

Detailed ways

Various embodiments according to the present invention will be described later with reference to the accompanying drawings. In general, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an information recording method for recording information on an information storage medium in which layer 0 and layer 1 as recording layers are sequentially arranged from the read surface; The system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and intermediate area are sequentially arranged from the inner circumference of layer 0; the system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and intermediate area are sequentially arranged from the inner circumference of layer 1; A guard track zone is arranged in the data lead-out area, and the guard track band is located at one side of the data area; and a reference code band, an R physical format information band, and a recording position are arranged in the data lead-in area of the layer 0 corresponding to the guard track band The management zone, and the drive test zone, the method comprises the steps of: filling the drive test zone in the data lead-in area and managing the record position zone, the reference code zone of the data lead-in zone, and the R physical format of the data lead-in zone After the information zone is recorded, filling of the guard track zone of the data lead-out area is performed. A recording medium according to the present invention and a method of recording and reproducing the recording medium according to the present invention will be described later with reference to the accompanying drawings.

SUMMARY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS AND BENEFITS OF THE INVENTION

1) Relationship between track pitch/bit pitch and optimum recording power:

Generally speaking, in the case of using the recording principle of substrate deformation, if the track pitch is narrowed, "cross writing" or "cross erasing" will occur, and if the bit pitch is narrowed, the code gap will appear. crosstalk. As in the present embodiment, since the design is made on the principle of recording without deformation of the substrate, it turns out that it is possible to realize high density by narrowing the track pitch/bit pitch. In addition, the recording sensitivity is improved simultaneously with the above-mentioned recording principle, and since the optimum recording power can be set down, high-speed recording and recording film can be divided into multiple layers.

2) In optical recording with a wavelength of 620 nm or less, one ECC block is composed of a combination of a plurality of small ECC blocks, and each item of data ID information in two sectors is placed in the same position as the other An ECC block differs from a small ECC block in:

According to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the principle of recording is the change of the local optical characteristics in the recording layer 3-2, and therefore at the time of recording, the temperature reached in the recording layer 3-2 will be low. At the temperature achieved by the conventional recording principle of plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2, or thermal decomposition or gasification (evaporation) of an organic dye recording material. Therefore, the difference between the attained temperature and the recording temperature in the recording layer 3-2 at the time of reproduction is a small value. In this embodiment, interleave processing between small ECC blocks and data ID position allocation is devised in the ECC blocks, thereby improving reproduction reliability in the case of deterioration of the recording film at the time of repeated reproduction.

3) Recording is performed with light having a wavelength shorter than 620 nm, and a recorded portion has a higher reflectance than a non-recorded portion:

Under the influence of the absorption spectrum characteristics of ordinary organic dye materials, under the control of light with a wavelength shorter than 620nm, the light absorption rate is significantly reduced, and the recording density is reduced. Therefore, a large amount of exposure is required to cause deformation of the substrate which is the recording principle in the conventional DVD-R. By adopting "low to high (hereinafter abbreviated as L-H) organic dye recording material", its reflectance is remarkably improved than that of an unrecorded portion in one portion (recorded mark) as recorded in this embodiment, by Recording marks are formed using a "fading reaction caused by dissociation of electron bonding" to eliminate a substrate deformation and improve recording sensitivity.

4) "L-H" organic dye recording film and PSK/FSK modulation wobble groove:

Wobble synchronization at the time of playback can be easily obtained, and reproduction reliability of wobble addresses can be improved.

5) "L-H" organic dye recording film and reproduction signal modulation rules:

It is possible to secure a high C/N ratio with respect to a reproduction signal from a recording mark, and to improve reproduction reliability from a recording mark.

6) Range of light reflection coefficient in "L-H" organic dye recording film and reflector part:

A high C/N ratio can be secured with respect to a reproduced signal from the system lead-in area SYLDI, and high reproduction reliability can be secured.

7) "L-H" organic dye recording film and light reflectance range from unrecorded area at the time of seeking:

A high C/N ratio can be secured with respect to a wobble detection signal in an unrecorded area, and high reproduction reliability can be secured with respect to wobble address information.

8) "L-H" organic dye recording film and swing detection signal amplitude range:

A high C/N ratio with respect to the wobble detection signal can be secured, and high reproduction reliability with respect to wobble address information can be secured.

"Table of Contents"

Chapter 0: Description of the relationship between wavelength and this embodiment

The wavelength used in this example

Chapter 1: Description of the combination of components of the information storage medium in this embodiment:

Chapter 2: Explanation of difference in reproduction signal between phase change recording film and organic dye recording film

2-1) The difference in principle of recording/recording film and the difference in basic concept about generation of reproduced signal...Definition of λ _{max write}

2-2) Difference in shape of light reflection layer in pre-pit/pre-groove area

Light reflective layer shape (difference in spin coating and sputter evaporation deposition) and its influence on the reproduced signal.

Chapter 3: Description of organic dye recording film characteristics in this example

3-1) Several issues related to high density realization in write-once recording film (DVD-R) using conventional organic dye materials

3-2) Explanation of common basic features of the organic dye recording film in this embodiment:

The lower limit value of the recording layer thickness, the lower limit value of the channel bit length/track pitch for realizing the beneficial effects of the present invention, the lower limit value of the allowable count of repeated playback, and the lower limit value of the optimal reproduction power,

Ratio between groove width and land width...relationship with wobble address format

Relationship in recording layer thickness between groove portion and land portion

Technology for Improving Error Correction Capability of Recorded Information and Combining with PRML

3-3) Recording characteristics common to the organic dye recording films in this embodiment

The upper limit value of the best recording power

3-4) Explanations related to the recording film characteristics of "high to low (hereinafter abbreviated as H-L)" in this embodiment:

Upper limit value of reflection coefficient in unrecorded layer

Relationship between the value of λ _{max write} and λl _max (absorption rate maximum wavelength at unrecorded/recorded position)

Correlation values of reflection coefficient and modulation degree at unrecorded/recorded positions and optical absorption values for reproduced wavelengths...n k range

The relationship between the required resolution characteristics and the upper limit value of the recording layer thickness

Chapter 4: Description of Reproducing Devices or Recording/Reproducing Devices and Recording Conditions/Reproducing Circuits

4-1) Explanation of structure and characteristics of reproducing device or recording/reproducing device in this embodiment: use wavelength range, NA value, and RIM intensity

4-2) Description of the reproduction circuit in this embodiment

4-3) Description of recording conditions in this embodiment

Chapter 5: Description of specific examples of organic dye recording films in this example

5-1) Description of characteristics related to "L-H" recording film in this example

Recording principle and reflection coefficient and modulation at unrecorded/recorded positions

5-2) Characteristics of the light absorption spectrum associated with the "L-H" recording film in this embodiment:

Conditions for setting the maximum absorption wavelength λ _{max write} , the value of Al ₄₀₅ and the value of Ah ₄₀₅

5-3) Anion part: azo metal complex + cationic part: dye

5-4) Use of "copper" as an azo-based metal complex + main metal:

The light absorption spectrum after being recorded is broadened in the "H-L" recording film and narrowed in the "L-H" recording film.

Upper limit value of change in maximum absorption wavelength before and after recording:

The amount of change in the maximum absorption wavelength before and after recording is a small value, and the absorbance at the maximum absorption wavelength changes.

Chapter 6: Explanation related to pregroove shape/prepit shape in coating type organic dye recording film and on light reflection layer interface

6-1) Light reflection layer (material and thickness):

Thickness range and passivation structure...Principles of recording and countermeasures against degradation (signals are degraded more easily than substrate deformation or cavities)

6-2) Explanation related to the pre-pit shape in the coating type organic dye recording film and on the interface of the light reflection layer:

Benefits achieved by widening the track pitch/channel bit pitch in the system lead-in area:

Reproduced signal amplitude and resolution in system lead-in area:

Rules regarding the step amounts of the land portion and the pre-pit portion in the light reflection layer 4-2:

6-3) Explanation related to the shape of the pregroove in the coating type organic dye recording film and on the interface of the light reflection layer:

Rules about the step amounts of the land portion and the pre-groove portion in the light reflection layer 4-2:

Push-pull signal amplitude range:

Wobble signal amplitude range (combined with wobble frequency modulation system)

Chapter 7: Description of the first next-generation disc: HD DVD system (hereinafter referred to as H format):

Principles of recording and countermeasures against reproduction signal degradation (signal degradation is easier than substrate deformation or cavities):

Error Correcting Code (ECC) structure, PRML (Partial Response Maximum Likelihood) system:

Relationship between wide lands in trenches and wobble address format.

In write-once recording, rewriting is performed in the VFO area which is a non-data area.

The influence of DC component changes in the overwritten area is reduced. Especially, the beneficial effect is remarkable for "L-H" recording film.

A description will now be given of the present embodiment.

Chapter 0: Explanation of the relationship between the wavelength used and this embodiment

As write-once optical discs obtained by using organic dye materials for recording media, CD-R discs using a recording/reproducing laser source wavelength of 780 nm and DVD-R discs using a recording/reproducing laser beam wavelength of 650 nm have been commercially available . Also, in the next-generation write-once type information storage medium that has achieved high density, it has been proposed to use a material close to 405nm (that is, in the range of 355nm to 455nm) in either of the H format (D1) and the B format (D2). Laser source wavelength for recording or reproduction. In a write-once information storage medium using an organic dye material, recording/reproducing characteristics are sensitively changed due to a slight change in the wavelength of a light source. In principle, the increase in density is inversely proportional to the square of the wavelength of the laser light source used for recording/reproduction, so it is desirable to use a shorter wavelength of the laser light source for recording/reproduction. However, organic dye materials used for CD-R discs or DVD-R discs cannot be used as 405 nm write-once type information storage media for the above reasons. Moreover, since 405nm is close to the wavelength of ultraviolet rays, a recording material that "can be easily recorded with a light beam of 405nm" has the disadvantage of easily changing characteristics due to irradiation of ultraviolet rays, and thus lacks long-term stability. The properties are significantly different from each other depending on the organic dye materials to be used, and thus it is difficult to determine the properties of these dye materials as a whole.

As an example, the above-mentioned characteristics will be described by specific wavelengths. In the case of an organic dye recording material optimized with a light beam having a wavelength of 650 nm, the light to be used becomes shorter than 620 nm, and the recording/reproducing characteristics change remarkably. Therefore, in the case of performing a recording/reproducing operation with a light beam having a wavelength shorter than 620 nm, it is necessary to redevelop an organic dye material which is optimal for the wavelength of the light source of recording light or reproducing light. An organic dye material that can easily perform recording with a light beam having a wavelength shorter than 530 nm will easily cause characteristic deterioration due to ultraviolet irradiation, thus lacking long-term stability. In this embodiment, description will be given for an embodiment related to an organic recording material suitable for use near 405 nm. That is, a description will be given for an embodiment related to an organic recording material that can be stably used in the range of 355 nm to 455 nm in consideration of fluctuations in emission wavelength depending on manufacturers of semiconductor laser light sources. That is, the range of the present embodiment corresponds to a light beam suitable for a light source having a wavelength of 620nm and desirably shorter than 530nm (the range from 355nm to 455nm in one definition of the narrowest range).

In addition, the optical recording sensitivity due to the optical absorption spectrum of the organic dye material is also affected by the recording wavelength. An organic dye material suitable for long-term stability tends to reduce light absorptivity with respect to light beams having a wavelength shorter than 620 nm. Specifically, the light absorptivity is remarkably reduced with respect to light beams having wavelengths shorter than 620 nm, and especially sharply reduced with respect to light beams having wavelengths shorter than 530 nm. Therefore, in the case where recording is performed with a laser beam ranging from 355 nm to 455 nm, recording sensitivity is impaired due to a decrease in light absorption rate, and a new design employing a new recording principle as shown in this embodiment is required.

The size of the focal spot for recording or reproducing applications decreases in proportion to the wavelength of the light beam to be used. Therefore, only from the standpoint of the focal spot size, in the case where the wavelength is lowered to the above value, an attempt will be made to reduce the track by means of the wavelength component compared to the current DVD-R disc (use wavelength: 650nm) belonging to the conventional technology. pitch or channel bit length. However, as described later in "3-2-A] Scope of required application of technology according to the present embodiment", as long as the recording principle of a conventional write-once type information storage medium such as a DVD-R disc is used, the There is a problem that the track pitch or the channel bit length cannot be reduced. By utilizing the technique devised in this embodiment described below, it is possible to reduce the track pitch or the channel bit length in proportion to the above-mentioned wavelength.

Chapter 1: Explanation of combinations of components of the information storage medium in this embodiment

In this embodiment, there is a large technical feature in that an organic recording medium material (organic dye material) adapted to a light source with a wavelength of 620 nm or less has been designed. This organic recording medium (organic dye material) has unique characteristics (low to high characteristics) that the light reflectance increases in a recording mark, which is not found in conventional CD-R discs or DVD-R discs. exist. Therefore, the technical features of this embodiment and the novel effects achieved thereby will appear more effectively in the structure, size or format of the information storage medium ( information record format) combination. The information storage medium in this embodiment has the following components:

A] a kind of organic dye recording film;

B] Prefabricated format (e.g. prefabricated trench shape/dimensions or prefabricated pit shape/dimensions);

C] wobble conditions (such as wobble frequency modulation method and wobble variation shape, wobble amplitude, and wobble distribution method); and

D] format (for example, a format for recording data that is to be recorded or has been previously recorded in an information storage medium).

The specific embodiment of composition is as follows:

A1) Maximum absorption wavelength λ _max

A2) Record mark polarity

A3) Azo-metal complex + Cu

A4) Azo-metal complex: anion + dye: cation

A5) Optional coating type recording film

B1) Pre-groove shape (for track pitch)

B2) Pre-pit shape (for track pitch)

B3) Arbitrary groove shape and arbitrary pit shape

C1)PSK

C2) FSK

C3) STW

C4) Arbitrary modulation system

C5) Amount of swing amplitude

C6) Arbitrary magnitude

D1) Write-once recording method

D2) H format

D3)B format

D4) Other formats

D5) Any recording method and format in write-once media

Hereinafter, a description will be given with respect to a combined state of different embodiments at a stage of explaining the embodiments. In terms of not specifying the components of a combination, the following characteristics are used:

A5) An optional coating-type recording film;

B3) an arbitrary groove shape and an arbitrary pit shape;

C4) an arbitrary modulation system;

C6) an arbitrary magnitude amount; and

D5) An arbitrary recording method and format in a write-once medium.

Chapter 2: Explanation of difference in reproduction signal between phase change recording film and organic dye recording film

2-1) Difference in principle of recording/recording film and difference in basic concept about generation of reproduced signal

Figure 1A shows a standard phase-change recording film structure (mainly used in rewritable information storage media), while Figure 1B shows a standard organic dye recording film structure (mainly used in write-once information storage media) . In the description of this embodiment, the entire recording film structure (including the light reflection layers 4-1 and 4-2) except for the light-transmitting substrates 2-1 and 2-2 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B is defined as "recording film", and is distinguished from the recording layers 3-1 and 3-2 on which the recording material is placed. For recording materials that use phase changes, the amount of change in optical characteristics in the recorded area (in the recording mark) and the unrecorded area (outside the recording mark) is usually small, so an enhancement structure is used to improve the reproduction signal. Relative rate of change. Therefore, in the phase-change recording film structure shown in Figure 1A, a low lining intermediate layer 5 is placed between the light-transmitting substrate 2-1 and the phase-change recording layer 3-1, and an upper surface intermediate layer 6 It is placed between the light reflection layer 4-2 and the phase change type recording layer 3-1. In the present invention, polycarbonate PC or polypropylene PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate), which is a light-transmitting plastic material, is used as the material for the light-transmitting substrates 2-1 and 2-2. The center wavelength of the laser beam 7 used in this embodiment is 405 nm, and the refractive indices n ₂₁ , n ₂₂ of polycarbonate PC at this wavelength are close to 1.62.

因此，相变型记录介质的折射率(在非结晶区)不同于透光基片2-1的折射率，并且在一个相变记录薄膜结构中容易出现激光束7在层间界面上的反射。如上所述，对于(1)相变记录薄膜结构采取增强结构、以及(2)层间折射率的差较大等问题的理由是，从记录在相变记录薄膜中的记录标记中再现之时的光反射量的变化(来自记录标记的光反射量和来自未记录区的光反射量的差值)可被获得作为在低衬中间层5、记录层3-1、上表中间层6和光反射层4-2之间的界面上产生的多个反射光束的干涉结果。在图1A中，虽然激光束7被显见地在低衬中间层5和记录层3-1之间的界面、记录层3-1和该上表中间层6之间的界面、以及上表中间层6和光反射层4-2之间的界面上反射，但现实中的反射光量的变化是作为在多个多重反射光束之间的干涉结果获得的。GeSbTe (germanium-antimony amphoteric metal), which is most commonly used as a phase-change recording material, has a standard refractive index n ₃₁ and an absorption coefficient k ₃₁ in the crystalline region at 405 nm. and while in the amorphous region is and

Therefore, the refractive index (in the amorphous region) of the phase-change type recording medium is different from that of the light-transmitting substrate 2-1, and reflection of the laser beam 7 on the interlayer interface easily occurs in a phase-change recording film structure . As mentioned above, the reasons for (1) the structure of the phase-change recording film to adopt the reinforcement structure, and (2) the large difference in refractive index between layers are that when reproducing from the recording marks recorded in the phase-change recording film, The change in the amount of light reflection (the difference between the amount of light reflection from the recorded mark and the amount of light reflection from the unrecorded area) can be obtained as the difference between the lower backing intermediate layer 5, the recording layer 3-1, the upper surface intermediate layer 6, and the light The result of interference of multiple reflected light beams produced at the interface between the reflective layers 4-2. In FIG. 1A, although the laser beam 7 is clearly on the interface between the low lining intermediate layer 5 and the recording layer 3-1, the interface between the recording layer 3-1 and the upper surface intermediate layer 6, and the middle of the upper surface The interface between the layer 6 and the light reflection layer 4-2 is reflected, but in reality the variation in the amount of reflected light is obtained as a result of interference between a plurality of multiple reflected light beams.

In contrast, the structure of the organic dye recording film employs a very simple laminated structure consisting of the organic dye recording layer 3-2 and the light reflection layer 4-2. An information storage medium (optical disc) using such an organic dye recording film is called a write-once type information storage medium such that the optical disc can only be recorded once. However, unlike a rewritable type information storage medium using a phase-change recording medium, such a medium cannot perform erasure processing or rewriting processing of already recorded information. The refractive index of ordinary organic dye recording materials at 405nm is often close to (The refractive index range of various organic dye recording materials at 405nm is n ₃₂ =1.4 to 1.9), and the absorption coefficient is often close to (The absorption coefficient range of various organic dye recording materials at 405nm is to 0.2). Since the difference in refractive index between the organic dye recording material and the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 is a small value, light reflection hardly occurs at the interface between the recording layer 3-2 and the light-transmitting substrate 2-2. quantity. Therefore, the principle of light reproduction of an organic colored recording film (the reason why the change in the amount of reflected light occurs) is not "multiple disturbances" in the phase-change recording film, but the main factor is "for returning light after being reflected in the light reflection layer 4-2." The amount of light loss (including interference) in the middle of the optical path in terms of the laser beam 7. Specific causes of loss of light quantity halfway through one optical path include "interference phenomenon due to local phase difference induced in laser light 7" or "light absorption phenomenon in recording layer 3-2". The light reflection coefficient of the organic dye recording film in the unrecorded area on the reflective mirror surface that does not have pregroove or prepit is by subtracting from the light reflection coefficient of the laser beam 7 in the light reflection layer 4-2 A value obtained simply by an amount of light absorbed when passing through the recording layer 3-2. As mentioned above, this film is different from the phase-change recording film, and the light reflection coefficient of the phase-change recording film is obtained by calculation of "multiple interference".

The light resistance of the recording film (organic dye recording film) of a disc (high density recordable DVD (HD DVD-R)) using a blue laser having a wavelength λ of 405 nm will now be described. A cold xenon lamp device is used to test the light fastness of the HDDVD-R. According to the ISO-105-B02 standard, the temperature of the black panel is not higher than 40°C and the relative humidity is 70-80%. The test laser beam is irradiated vertically from the upper part to disk. When the conditions are fully met after the test, the disk is considered as a proofed disk.

First, a description is given of the recording principle used in the current DVD-R disc as a conventional technology. In the current DVD-R disc, when the recording film is irradiated with the laser beam 7, the recording layer 3-2 locally absorbs the energy of the laser beam 7, and becomes heated. If a certain temperature is exceeded, the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 will be locally deformed. Although the mechanism that causes deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 varies with DVD-R disk manufacturers, this mechanism is due to the following reasons:

1) local plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 caused by vaporization energy of the recording layer 3-2; and

2) Heat transfer from the recording layer 3-2 to the light-transmitting substrate 2-2, and plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 caused by the heat.

If 2-2 is locally plastically deformed, the optical path of the laser beam 7 passing through the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 and being reflected in the light-reflecting layer 4-2 will be changed, and the laser beam 7 passes through the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 again return. Between the laser beam 7 from the recording mark (that is, the laser beam returning through a part of the locally plastically deformed transparent substrate 2-2) and the laser beam 7 from the circumference of the recording mark (that is, the laser beam that passes through the non-deformed transparent substrate 2-2 A phase difference occurs between part of the returned laser beams), and thus a change in the light amount of the reflected beam caused by interference between these beams occurs. And especially in the case where the above-mentioned mechanism (1) has occurred, a change in the substantial refractive index n ₃₂ caused by air pockets in the recording marks in the recording layer 3-2 caused by vaporization (evaporation), or by The change in the refractive index _n32 caused by the thermal decomposition of the organic dye recording material also contributes to the above-mentioned phase difference. In the current DVD-R disk, it is necessary for the recording layer 3-2 to become hot (that is, with the gasification temperature of the recording layer 3-2 in the above-mentioned mechanism (1), or by the temperature of the light-transmitting base in the above-mentioned mechanism (2). The internal temperature of the recording layer 3-2 required for the plastic remolding of the sheet 2-2), or a part of the recording layer 3-2 that needs to be heated to cause thermal decomposition or gasification (evaporation), until the light-transmitting substrate 2 -2 until local deformation. In order to form recording marks, a large amount of power of the laser beam 7 is required.

In order to form recording marks, it is necessary for the recording layer 3-2 to be able to absorb the energy of the laser beam 7 in the first stage. The light absorption spectrum in the recording layer 3-2 will affect the recording sensitivity of the organic dye recording film. The principle of light absorption in the organic dye recording material forming the recording layer 3-2 will be described with reference to (A3) of this embodiment.

Fig. 2 shows the specific structural formula of "(A3) azo-based metal complex + Cu" which is the specific content of the composition of the information storage medium. A circumferential region surrounding the central metal M of the azo-based metal complex shown in FIG. 2 is obtained as a light emitting region 8 . When the laser beam 7 passes through the light emitting region 8 , local electrons in the light emitting region 8 resonate to the electric field change of the laser beam 7 and absorb the energy of the laser beam 7 . The value that converts the frequency at an electric field at which energy is most easily absorbed relative to the local electron resonance to the maximum wavelength of the laser beam is referred to as the maximum absorption wavelength, and is represented by λ _max . This maximum absorption wavelength λ _max shifts to the longer wavelength side as the range (resonance range) of the light emitting region 8 shown in FIG. 2 increases. In addition, by changing the central metal M atoms to change the position range of the local electrons around the central metal M in Figure 2 (to what extent the central metal M can attract electrons to the vicinity of the center), and the maximum absorption wavelength λ _max value changes.

Although it can be predicted that the light absorption spectrum of the organic dye recording material will appear a narrow linear spectrum near the maximum absorption wavelength λ _max only under the condition that the temperature is absolute zero and a light-emitting region 8 with high purity, but at normal temperature, it includes The light absorption spectrum of impurities, and a general organic recording material including a plurality of light absorption regions, exhibits a broad light absorption characteristic with respect to the light beam wavelength around the maximum absorption wavelength _λmax .

Fig. 3 shows an example of light absorption spectral characteristics of organic dye recording materials used in current DVD-R discs. In FIG. 3, the wavelength of a light beam to be irradiated to an organic dye recording film formed by coating an organic dye recording material is represented on the horizontal axis, and the wavelength when the organic dye recording film is irradiated with a light beam having a different wavelength is represented on the vertical axis. The absorption rate obtained when . The absorptivity used here is a value obtained in this way: that is, with respect to a state where the write-once type information storage medium has been completed (or, where the recording layer 3-2 has been formed only on the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 A state of (a state in which the light reflective layer 4-2 is formed earlier with respect to the structure of FIG. The light intensity Ir (the light intensity It of the laser beam sent from the recording layer 3-2 side). The absorption rate Ar(At) is expressed as:

Ar≡-log ₁₀ (Ir/Io) (A-1)

Ar≡-log ₁₀ (It/Io) (A-2)

Unless otherwise stated, it is possible to define a transmission The absorption rate At of the shape is not limited in this embodiment. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, there are a plurality of light-absorbing regions, each of which includes the light-emitting region 8, and thus there are a plurality of locations where the absorptivity becomes maximum. In this case, when the absorptivity takes a maximum value, there are a plurality of maximum absorption wavelengths λ _max . The wavelength of recording laser light in current DVD-R discs is set to 650 nm. In the case where there are a plurality of maximum absorption wavelengths λ _max in the present embodiment, the maximum absorption wavelength λ _max closest to the wavelength of the recording laser beam is important. Therefore, only in the description of the present embodiment, the maximum absorption wavelength λ _max set at a position closest to the wavelength of the recording laser beam is defined as "λ _{max write} "; and is distinguished from other λ _max (λ _max0 ) .

2-2) Difference in shape of light reflection layer in pre-pit/pre-groove area

4A and 4B both show a comparative relationship when a recording film is formed in the pre-pit area or the pre-groove area 10. As shown in FIG. Fig. 4A shows the shape related to the phase-change recording film. In the case of forming any one of the low lining intermediate layer 5, the recording layer 3-1, the upper surface intermediate layer 6, and the light reflection layer 4-1, sputtering evaporation deposition, vacuum vapor deposition, vacuum vapor deposition, etc. can be used in a vacuum. or any one of ion plating methods. The result is that, in all layers, the irregularities of the light-transmissive substrate 2-1 are reproduced relatively accurately. For example, in the case where the cross-sectional shape of the pre-pit area or pre-groove area 10 of the light-transmitting substrate 2-1 is rectangular or trapezoidal, the cross-sectional shape of each of the recording layer 3-1 and the light reflecting layer 4-1 is also rectangular or trapezoidal.

FIG. 4B shows a general recording film sectional shape of an existing DVD-R disc, which is a conventional technology in the case where an organic dye recording film has been used as the recording film. In this case, a method called spin coating (or spinner coating) which is completely different from the method shown in FIG. 4A is used as a method of forming the recording film 3-2. The spin coating method used here means a method for: dissolving the organic dye recording material forming the recording layer 3-2 in an organic solvent; applying a coating layer on the light-transmitting substrate 2-2; and then The light-transmitting substrate 2-2 is rotated at high speed to spread the coating agent to the outer peripheral side of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 by centrifugal force; and the organic solvent is vaporized, thereby forming the recording layer 3-2. With this method, the treatment of coating the organic solvent will be used, so the surface of the recording layer 3-2 (interface with the light reflection layer 4-2) is easily flattened. As a result, the cross-sectional shape at the interface between the light reflection layer 4-2 and the recording layer 3-2 is obtained to be different from that of the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 (between the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 and the recording layer The shape of the interface between 3-2). For example, in a pregroove region, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 (the interface between the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 and the recording layer 3-2) is rectangular or trapezoidal, then in The cross-sectional shape on the interface between the light reflection layer 4-2 and the recording layer 3-2 is formed in a substantially V-groove shape. In a pre-pit region, the above-mentioned sectional shape is formed substantially in a conical side surface shape. And, at the time of spin coating, the organic solvent is easily gathered in the concave portion, so the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 in the pre-pit area or the pre-groove area 10 (that is, from the pre-pit area or the pre-groove area The distance from the bottom surface of the bottom surface to a position which becomes the lowest point with respect to the interface of the light reflection layer 4-2) is greater than the thickness D1 in the land region 12 (Dg>D1). As a result, the amount of irregularities at an interface between the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 and the recording area 3-2 in the pre-pit area or pre-groove area 10 becomes substantially smaller than that in the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 and the amount of irregularities on the recording layer 3-2.

As described above, the shape of the irregularities on the interface between the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 and the recording layer 3-2 is weakened, and the amount of the irregularities becomes remarkably small. Therefore, in the case where the shapes and sizes of the irregularities on one surface of the light-transmitting substrate 2 are equal to each other according to the difference in the method of forming the recording film, the amount reflected from the organic dye recording film at the time of laser irradiation The diffraction intensity of the light beam will be more significantly lower than that of the light beam reflected from the phase-change recording film. As a result, in the case where the shapes and sizes of the irregularities on the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 2 (the pre-pit area or the pre-groove area 10) are equal to each other, compared with the use of the phase-change recording film, the use of the conventional organic dye The disadvantages of recording films are:

The degree of modulation of the optical reproduction signal from the pre-pit area is small, and the signal reproduction reliability from the pre-pit area is poor;

It is hardly possible to obtain a sufficiently large track shift detection signal from the pre-groove area according to the push-pull technique; and

In the case where wobbling occurs in the pre-groove region, a sufficiently large wobbling detection signal can hardly be obtained.

Also in a DVD-R disc, specific information such as address information is recorded in small irregular (pit) shapes in the land area, so the width W1 of the land area 12 is larger than that of the pre-pit area or the pre-groove The width Wg of the region 10 (Wl>Wg).

Chapter 3: Description of organic dye recording film characteristics in this example

3-1) Several issues related to high density realization in write-once recording film (DVD-R) using conventional organic dye materials

As already described in "2-1) Recording principle/difference in structure of recording film and difference in basic concept about reproduction signal generation", it belongs to write-once type information using a conventional organic dye material The general recording principle of the current DVD-R and CD-R of the storage medium includes "local plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2" or "local thermal decomposition or "gasification" in the recording layer 3-2". Each of FIGS. 5A and 5B shows a plastic deformation state of a specific light-transmitting substrate 2-2 at the position of a recording mark 9 in a write-once information storage medium using a conventional organic dye material. There are two typical plastic deformation states. There are two cases, that is, in the case shown in FIG. 5A, the depth of the bottom surface 14 of the pre-groove area at the position of the recording mark 9 (the step amount related to the adjacent land area 12) is different from that in the unrecorded area. The depth of the bottom surface of the pre-groove area 11 in the area (in the example shown in Figure 5A, the depth of the bottom surface 14 in the pre-groove area at the recording mark 9 position is lower than that of the bottom surface 14 in the unrecorded area and in the case shown in Figure 5B, a bottom surface 14 in the pregroove area at the recording mark 9 position is deformed and slightly curved (the flatness of the lower surface 14 is deformed: in the figure In the case shown in 5B, the bottom surface 14 in the pre-groove area at the position of the recording mark 9 is slightly curved toward the lower side). Both cases are characterized in that the range of plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 at the position of the recording mark 9 covers a large range. In the current DVD-R disc of conventional technology, the track pitch is 0.74 µm, and the channel bit length is 0.133 µm. To the extent of this large value, even if the range of plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 at the position of the recording mark 9 covers a large range, recording and reproducing processes can be performed relatively stably.

However, if the track pitch is narrower than the above-mentioned 0.74 μm, the range of plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 at the position of the recording mark 9 will cover a wide range, so that adjacent tracks are adversely affected, and the recording mark 9 will be Widening to adjacent tracks results in "cross writing" or overwriting such that existing recording marks 9 of adjacent tracks are actually erased (cannot be reproduced). Furthermore, in the direction along the track (circumferential direction), if the channel bit length is narrower than 0.133 μm, there is a problem that intersymbol interference occurs; the bit error rate at the time of reproduction remarkably increases; and the reliability of reproduction decreases.

3-2) Explanation of common basic features of organic dye recording films in this embodiment

3-2-A] The range of requirements to apply the technology according to the present embodiment

As shown in 5A and 5B, in a conventional write-once type information storage medium involving plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 or local thermal decomposition or gasification phenomenon in the recording film 3-2, the following is given The description will relate to what extent the track pitch is narrowed when the adverse effect occurs, or to what extent the channel bit length is narrowed when the adverse effect occurs, and when the The results obtained after implementing the techniques discussed. A range in which adverse effects start to occur with conventional recording principles is indicated as a range in which advantageous effects are achieved by the novel recording principles shown in this embodiment (suitable for high-density implementation).

1) Conditions for the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2

When an attempt is made to perform thermal analysis in order to theoretically indicate the lower limit value of the allowable channel bit length or the lower limit value of the allowable track pitch, the range of the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 that can be actually thermally analyzed become important. In a conventional write-once type information storage medium (CD-R or DVD-R) including plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 as shown in FIGS. situation, and under the situation that the point is in the unrecorded area of the recording layer 3-2, for the change of the light reflection amount, the biggest factor is "by the difference between the optical path in the recording mark 9 and the unrecorded area The interference effect caused by the value". In addition, the main cause of its optical path difference is "the change of the thickness Dg of the physical recording layer 3-2 produced by the plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 (from the thickness Dg between the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 and the recording layer 3 -2 to the physical distance between the interface between the recording layer 3-2 and the light reflective layer 4-2), and "the change in the refractive index n ₃₂ of the recording layer 3-2 in the recording mark 9 ". Therefore, in order to obtain a sufficient reproduction signal (change in light reflection amount) between the recording mark 9 and the unrecorded area, when the wavelength of the laser beam in vacuum is defined as λ, the thickness in the unrecorded area The value of 3-2 needs to have a size comparable to λ/n ₃₂ to some extent. Otherwise, no optical path difference (phase difference) occurs between the recording mark 9 and the unrecorded area, and the light interference effect becomes is extremely small. In fact, the minimum condition is:

Dg≥λ/8n ₃₂ (1)

must be met, and the expected conditions are:

Dg≥λ/4n ₃₂ (2)

must be satisfied.

In the case of the present discussion, it is assumed to be around λ=405nm. The value of the refractive index n ₃₂ of the organic dye recording material at 405 nm ranges from 1.3 to 2.0. Therefore, as a result of substituting n ₃₂ =2.0 into formula (1), it is conditionally obtained that the thickness Dg value of the recording layer 3-2 is:

Dg≥25nm (3)

The discussion made here relates to the recording layer of an organic dye in a conventional write-once information storage medium (CD-R or DVD-R) comprising plastic deformation of a light-transmitting substrate 2-2 that has been correlated with a light beam of 405 nm couplet. As will be described later, in this embodiment, although the description has been given concerning the case where plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 does not occur and the change in the absorption coefficient _k32 is the main factor of the recording principle, Track shift detection from the recording mark 9 must be performed by using the DPD (Difference Phase Detection) technique, and thus the change in the refractive index n ₃₂ is actually caused in the recording mark 9 . Therefore, formula (3) becomes a condition that should be satisfied without plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 in this embodiment.

And from another point of view, the range of the thickness Dg can be specified. In the case of the phase-change recording film shown in Fig. 4A, when the refractive index of the light-transmitting substrate is n ₂₁ , when using the push-pull technique to obtain the maximum track shift detection signal, the difference between the pre-pit area and the land area The step amount between is λ/(8n ₂₁ ). But in the case of the organic dye recording film shown in FIG. 4B, as described previously, the shape at the interface between the recording layer 3-2 and the light reflection layer 4-2 is weakened, and the step amount becomes small. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the step amount between the pre-pit area and the land area on the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 more significantly than λ/(8n ₂₂ ). When polycarbonate is used as the light-transmitting substrate 2 In the case of -2 material, the refractive index at 405nm is It is therefore necessary to increase the step size between the pre-pit region and the land region to significantly greater than 31 nm. In the case of using the spin coating technique, if the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 in the pre-groove area is larger than the step amount between the pre-pit area and the land area on the light-transmissive substrate 2-2 , there is a risk that the thickness D1 of the recording layer 3-2 in one land area 12 is eliminated. Therefore, from the above discussion results, it is necessary to satisfy a condition:

Dg≥31nm (4)

The condition of formula (4) is also a condition that should be satisfied without plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 in this embodiment. Although the conditions for this lower limit value have been shown in formulas (3) and (4), the value obtained by substituting n ₃₂ =1.8 for the equal sign part in formula (2) The thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 has been used for thermal analysis.

Then assuming that polycarbonate is used as the standard material of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2, 150°C, which is the glass transition temperature of polycarbonate, is set as an estimated value of the heat distortion temperature on the side of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2. For discussion using thermal analysis, a value of k ₃₂ =0.1 to 0.2 has been assumed as the value of the absorption coefficient of the organic dye recording film 3-2 at 405 nm. Also, discussion has been made for a case where the NA value of the focusing objective lens and the incident light intensity distribution when passing through one objective lens is NA=60, and the H format ((D1): NA=0.65) and the B format (( D2): NA=0.85) is an assumed condition in the conventional DVD-R format.

2) Conditions for the lower limit value of the channel bit length

On the side of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2, inspection has been made for a longitudinal change in the direction along a track in a region reaching the heat distortion temperature. Layer 3-2 contacts. Discussion has been made on a lower limit value of an allowable channel bit length in consideration of a window margin at the time of reproduction. As a result, if the channel bit length is slightly lower than 105 nm, it is considered that the longitudinal direction in one track direction in a region reaching the heat distortion temperature occurs on the side of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 based on a slight change in recording power. A change occurred and it was determined that sufficient window margin could not be obtained. For the discussion of thermal analysis, a simulated trend is shown in the case where the NA value is any one of 0.60, 0.65, and 0.85. Although the focus size is changed by changing the NA value, it is believed that one possible reason is that the thermal diffusion range is wide (the gradient of the temperature distribution on the side of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 (which will be in contact with the recording layer 3-2) is relatively Gentle). In the above-mentioned thermal analysis, the temperature distribution on the side of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 contacting the recording layer 3-2 was discussed, and thus the influence of the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 does not appear.

Also in the case where the shape of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 is changed as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the boundary position of the deformed region of the substrate is blurred (is not clear), so the window margin is reduced more remarkably. When the cross-sectional shape of a region where the recording mark 9 is formed is observed through an electron microscope, it is believed that as the value of the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 increases, the blurring amount of the boundary position of the substrate deformation increases. For the effect of this temperature deformation region caused by the above-mentioned recording power variation, considering the ambiguity of the boundary position of the substrate deformation region, it is considered that the lower limit value of the allowable channel bit length for the position allocation of sufficient window margin is necessary is on the order of twice the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2, and it is desirable that the lower limit value is greater than 120 nm.

In the foregoing, the description has been given mainly for the discussion using thermal analysis in the case where the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 undergoes thermal deformation. There is also a case where, due to another recording principle (a mechanism for forming recording marks 9) in a conventional write-once information storage medium (CD-R or DVD-R), and in the recording layer 3-2 Thermal deformation or gasification (evaporation) of the organic dye recording material occurs, and the plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 is small. Therefore, a description will be given for this case. Although the gasification (vaporization) temperature of the organic dye recording material varies depending on the type of organic dye material, it is generally in the temperature range of 220°C to 370°C, and the thermal decomposition temperature is lower than this range. Although the polycarbonate resin glass transition temperature of 150°C has been assumed in the above discussion as the temperature reached when the substrate deforms, the temperature difference between 150°C and 220°C is small, and when the light-transmitting substrate 2 When -2 reached 150°C, the temperature inside the recording layer 3-2 exceeded 220°C. Therefore, although there are exceptions depending on the type of the organic recording material, even when the plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 is small and thermal decomposition or gasification (evaporation) of the organic dye recording material in the recording layer mainly occurs, But the results obtained are essentially the same as those discussed above.

When summarizing the results of the above discussion about the channel bit length, in a conventional write-once type information storage medium (CD-R or DVD-R) including plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2, when the channel bit length When the length is narrower than 120nm, it is considered that there is a decrease in the window margin, and if the length is further smaller than 105nm, it is considered that it is difficult to reproduce stably. That is, when the channel bit is smaller than 120nm (105nm), beneficial effects are achieved by using the novel recording principle shown in this embodiment.

3) Conditions for the lower limit of track spacing

When the recording layer 3-2 is exposed to recording power, the recording layer 3-2 absorbs energy and acquires a high temperature. In a conventional write-once information storage medium (CD-R or DVD-R), it is necessary to absorb energy with the recording layer 3-2 until the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 reaches the thermal deformation temperature. The organic dye recording material in the recording layer 3-2 undergoes structural change and the temperature at which the refractive index n ₃₂ or the absorption coefficient k ₃₂ starts its change is much lower than the temperature at which the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 starts thermal deformation. Therefore, the value of the refractive index n ₃₂ or the absorption coefficient k ₃₂ changes in a relatively wide range in the recording layer 3-2 of the circumference of the recording mark 9 on the side of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2. are thermally deformed, and this change appears to cause "cross-writing" or "cross-erasing" of adjacent tracks. It is possible to set a lower limit value of the track pitch, wherein when the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 exceeds the thermal deformation temperature, the temperature at which the refractive index n ₃₂ or the absorption coefficient k ₃₂ in the recording layer 3-2 is changed is not increased. "Interleave write" or "interleave erase" occurs for the width of one area. From the above viewpoint, it is considered that "cross write" or "cross erase" occurs at a position where the track pitch is equal to or smaller than 500 nm. Also, considering the influence of the curvature or inclination of the information storage medium or the influence of the recording power (recording power headroom) change, it can be concluded that in the conventional write-once type information storage medium (CD-R or DVD-R) the track It is difficult to set the pitch to 600 nm or less in the conventional write-once type information storage medium in which energy is absorbed by the recording layer 3-2 until the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 reaches the thermal deformation temperature.

As described above, even if the NA value is changed from 0.60 to 0.65 and then to 0.85, since the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 has reached a heat distortion temperature at which the central portion is relatively gentle, the circumferential recording layer 3-2 Due to the gradient of the temperature distribution, substantially similar tendencies are shown, and the thermal diffusion range is wide. For the case where the plastic deformation of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 is small, and for the thermal decomposition or gasification (evaporation) of the organic dye recording material in the recording layer 3-2 is mainly based on the conventional write-once information In the case where another recording principle (the mechanism for forming the recording mark 9) occurs in the storage medium (CD-R or DVD-R), as already in the section "(2) Conditions for the lower limit value of the channel bit" As described, the track pitch value for starting "cross writing" or "cross erasing" was obtained as a result of the actual simulation. For the above reasons, when the track pitch is set to 600 nm (500 nm) or less, an advantageous effect is achieved by using the novel recording principle shown in this embodiment.

3-2-B] Basic Features Common to Organic Dye Recording Materials in the Invention

As described above, the plastic deformation in the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 is small, and the thermal decomposition or gasification (evaporation) of the organic dye recording material in the recording layer 3-2 is mainly performed in the conventional write-once type information storage. In the case where another recording principle (mechanism for forming the recording mark 9) in the medium (CD-R or DVD-R) appears, there is a problem that, when the recording mark 9 is formed, due to Because the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 reaches a high temperature, the channel bit length or the track pitch cannot be narrowed. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present embodiment is mainly characterized by "inventive organic dye material" in which "a local optical characteristic change in the recording layer 3-2 occurring at a relatively low temperature is the principle of recording", and " An environment (recording film structure or shape) in which the above-mentioned principle easily occurs is set without causing deformation of the substrate and vaporization (evaporation) in the recording layer 3-2". Specific features of this embodiment can be listed as follows.

α] Optical characteristic changing method within the recording layer 3-2

Changes in hair color characteristics

--- Changes in the local area of light absorption caused by qualitative changes in the light-emitting region 8 (Figure 2) or changes in the molar molecular light absorption coefficient

The light-emitting region 8 is locally broken or the size of the light-emitting region 8 is changed, thereby changing the local area of actual light absorption. In this way, the amplitude (absorption rate) changes at the position of λ _{max write} in the recording mark 9 while maintaining the profile (characteristic) of the light absorption spectrum ( FIG. 3 ) itself.

Changes in electronic structure (electron shell) associated with electrons contributing to chromogenic phenomena

---According to the change of the light absorption spectrum (Figure 3) of the fading reaction caused by the cutting of the local electron shell (decomposition of the local molecular bonding), or the change of the dimension or structure of the light emitting region 8 (Figure 2)

Intramolecular (intermolecular) changes in orientation or alignment

--- For example, the change in optical properties according to the orientation change in the azo metal complex shown in Fig. 2

A change in molecular structure in a molecule

--- For example, make a discussion involving organic dye materials that cause separation between anionic and cationic parts, thermal separation of one of the anionic and cationic parts, and molecular structure self-destruct and carbon atoms are precipitated ( Denaturation into black coal tar) tar phenomenon. As a result, the refractive index n ₃₂ or the absorption coefficient k ₃₂ in the recording mark 9 is changed relative to an unrecorded area, realizing light reproduction.

β] sets the recording film structure or shape so that it is easy to stably cause the change of the optical characteristics of [α] above:

--- The specific content related to this technology will be described in detail in the section "3-2-C] Easy to produce the ideal recording film structure showing the recording principle shown in this embodiment" and the subsequent content.

γ] to reduce the recording power in order to form recording marks in a state where the inside of the recording layer or the surface of the light-transmitting substrate is at a relatively low temperature

--- It is shown above that the optical characteristic change in [α] occurs at a temperature lower than the deformation temperature of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 or the gasification (evaporation) temperature in the recording layer 3-2. Therefore, the exposure amount (recording power) at the time of recording is lowered to prevent the distortion temperature from being exceeded on the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2, or to prevent the gasification (evaporation) temperature from being exceeded in the recording layer 3-2. This will be described later in detail in the section "3-3) Recording characteristics common to the organic dye recording layers in this embodiment". Furthermore, by contrast, by detecting the optimum power value at the time of recording, it is possible to determine whether or not the change in the optical characteristics shown in [α] above occurs.

δ] stabilizes the electronic structure in one light-emitting region and produces little structural decomposition associated with ultraviolet or reproducing light irradiation

---When ultraviolet rays are irradiated to the recording layer 3-2 or reproducing light is irradiated to the recording layer 3-2 at the time of reproduction, a temperature rise will occur in the recording layer 3-2. A seemingly contradictory performance is required to avoid characteristic deterioration associated with such a temperature rise and to perform recording at a temperature lower than the deformation temperature of the substrate or the gasification (evaporation) temperature in the recording layer 3-2. In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned seemingly contradictory properties are ensured by "stabilizing one electronic structure in the light-emitting region". The specific technical content will be described in "Chapter 5: Specific Description of Examples of Organic Dye Recording Films in This Example".

ε] To improve the reliability of reproduced information in case of deterioration of the reproduced signal due to irradiation of ultraviolet rays or reproduced light

---In the present embodiment, although the technical conception is made for "an electronic structure stabilized in the light-emitting region", it has nothing to do with the plastic deformation or gasification (evaporation) of the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2. The reliability of the recording marks 9 formed according to the recording principle shown in this embodiment may be greatly reduced compared with the resulting local cavities in the recording layer 3-2. As a countermeasure therefor, the beneficial effects of high density and reliability of recording information are achieved in this embodiment, while combining strong error correction capability (novel ECC block structure), as described later in "Chapter 7: H Format ” and as described in “Chapter 8: Specification of B Format”. Also in this embodiment, the PRML (Partial Response Maximum Likelihood) technique is used as a reproduction method, as described in Section "4-2: Description of the reproduction circuit in this embodiment", in conjunction with At the same time, the error correction technology at the time of ML demodulation is realized, and the high density and reliability of the recorded information are realized.

Among the specific characteristics of the present embodiment described above, the explanation has been given for the fact that the terms [α] to [γ] are used in the present embodiment in order to realize "narrow track pitch" and "narrow channel bit length". The content of the technical idea of the new design in the example. In addition, "narrow channel bit length" will realize "reduction in minimum recording mark length". The meaning (objective) of this embodiment regarding the remaining items [δ] and [ε] will be described in detail. At the time of reproduction in the H format in this embodiment, the passing speed (linear velocity) of light passing through the focal point through the recording layer 3-2 is set at 6.61 m/s, while the linear velocity in the B format is set at In the range of 5.0m/s to 10.2m/s.

次旋转，并且在此时段该焦点在同一个轨道上寻道(130,000次反复重放)。如果由于重复的重放引起记录层3-2劣变并且不能在此时段之后再现视频图像信息，则征用户一个小时后返回时将无法看到任何部分的视频图像，并因此变成生气，并且在最糟的情况中，存在将此问题提交到法院的危险。因此，一个最小化条件是，即使这样一个暂停被置了一小时或更长(即使发生在同一个轨道中的连续重放)，如果记录的视频图像信息未被破坏，则没有视频图像数据被毁，需要保证至少出现100,000次重复重放也没有再现劣变出现。存在一种罕有的情况，其中用户在通用的使用条件中相对于同一个位置，一小时重复暂停(重复重放)10次。因此，当保证根据本实施例的一次写入型信息存储介质期望作出1,000,000次重复重放，一般的用户不会出现使用的问题，并且只要不劣变记录层3-2，重复重放计数的上限值设置为大约1,000,000次被认为是足够了。如果该重复重放计数的上限值被设置为显著超出1,000,000次的值，则将有“记录敏感性降低”或“介质价格增加”的不便。In any case, the linear velocity at the time of reproduction in this embodiment will be equal to or greater than 5 m/s. As shown in FIG. 14, the start position of the data lead-in area DTLDI in the H format is a diameter of 47.6 mm. Also considering the B format, user data is recorded at a position with a diameter equal to or greater than 45 mm. The inner circumference with a diameter of 45 mm is 0.141 m, so when this position is reproduced at a linear velocity of 5 m/s, the obtained rotational frequency of the information storage medium is 35.4 revolutions/s. According to a method of using the write-once type information storage medium according to the present embodiment, video image information such as a TV program is to be provided. For example, when the user presses the "pause (temporary stop) button" while reproducing the user's recorded video image, a reproduction focus will stay on a track at the pause position. When the reproduction focus is stopped on the track at the pause position, the user can start reproduction at the pause position after pressing a "reproduction start button". For example, after the user presses the "pause (temporary stop) button", a visitor visits the user's home immediately after the user has gone to the bathroom. In this case, the pause button has been kept pressed for one hour during the user's meeting with the visitor. Case. Write-once information storage media made in one hour

revolutions, and during this time the focus seeks on the same track (130,000 replays). If the recording layer 3-2 deteriorates due to repeated playback and the video image information cannot be reproduced after this period of time, the user will not be able to see any part of the video image when he returns after an hour, and thus becomes angry, and In the worst case, there is a danger of taking the matter to court. Therefore, a minimization condition is that even if such a pause is placed for an hour or more (even if continuous playback occurs in the same track), no video image data is destroyed if the recorded video image information is not corrupted. Destruction, it is necessary to ensure that at least 100,000 repeated replays have occurred without recurrence of deterioration. There is a rare case where the user repeatedly pauses (repeats playback) 10 times in one hour with respect to the same position in general usage conditions. Therefore, when it is guaranteed that the write-once information storage medium according to the present embodiment expects to make 1,000,000 times of repeated playback, general users will not have a problem with use, and as long as the recording layer 3-2 is not deteriorated, the number of repeated playback counts An upper limit value setting of about 1,000,000 times is considered sufficient. If the upper limit value of the repeated playback count is set to a value significantly exceeding 1,000,000 times, there will be inconvenience of "decrease in recording sensitivity" or "increase in medium price".

In the case of securing the above-mentioned upper limit value of the repeated reproduction count, the reproduction power value becomes an important factor. In this embodiment, the setting range of recording power is defined by formulas (8) to (13). The semiconductor laser beam is characterized in that continuous light irradiation is stable at a value equal to or less than 1/80 of the maximum use power value. Since the power of 1/80 of the maximum value of the used power is at the position where light irradiation is just started (mode start-up), mode jumping may occur. Therefore, at this light irradiation power, the light reflected in the light reflection layer 4-2 of the information storage medium returns to the semiconductor laser light source, and a "return light noise" characterized by a constant variation in the amount of irradiation light occurs. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the value of the reproduction power is set to a value lower than about 1/80 of the value described on the right side of formula (12) or formula (13):

[Optical reproduction power]＞0.19×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) (B-1)

[Optical reproduction power]＞0.19×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) ^1.2 (B-2)

Furthermore, the value of this optimal reproduction power is limited by the dynamic range of the power monitoring photodetector. Although the information recording/reproducing unit 141 of FIG. 8 is not shown, a recording/reproducing optical head exists. This optical head incorporates a photodetector to monitor the amount of light irradiated by the semiconductor laser light source. In this embodiment, in order to improve the irradiation accuracy of light of the reproduction power at the time of reproduction, this photodetector detects an irradiation light amount, and feeds back an appropriate amount of current to be supplied to the semiconductor laser light source at the time of light irradiation . In order to reduce the price of the optical head, it is necessary to use a very cheap photodetector. Commercially available inexpensive photodetectors are often molded in resin (surrounding a photodetection unit).

As disclosed in "Chapter 0: Explanation of the relationship between the wavelength used and this embodiment", a wavelength of 530 nm or shorter (in particular, a wavelength of 455 nm or shorter) is used as the light source wavelength in this embodiment . In the case of this wavelength range, if light of this wavelength is irradiated, the resin (mainly epoxy resin) used to mold the photodetection unit will cause degradation such as dark yellow discoloration or cracking ( fine white streaks), and the photodetection characteristics are damaged. Specifically, in the case of the write-once information storage medium shown in this embodiment, it may be due to the fact that the storage medium has a pregroove as shown in Figures 7A, 7B and 7C A mold resin degradation occurs in the groove area 11. As the focus blur detection system of the optical head, in order to eliminate the adverse effect produced by the diffracted light from the pre-groove area 11, a "knife-edge technology" is most often used, in the information on An image forming position of the storage medium specifies a photodetector (the image forming magnification M is an order of magnitude of 3 to 10 times). When the photodetector is placed on the image forming position, since the light beam is focused on the photodetector , so high-intensity light is irradiated on the casting resin, and resin degradation caused by this light irradiation may occur. This degradation of casting resin characteristics occurs mainly due to the photon mode (optical reaction), but it is possible to predict a The upper limit value of the allowable irradiated amount compared with the irradiated light amount in thermal mode (thermal excitation).Assuming the worst case, assume an optical system in which a photodetector is placed at an image forming position as an optical head.

需要设置再现功率以便获得：As can be seen from the contents described in "(1) Conditions for the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2" in "3-2-A] Scope required to apply technology according to the present embodiment", when recording in the present embodiment When a change in the optimum characteristics of the recording layer 3-2 occurs (thermal mode), it is considered that the temperature in the recording layer 3-2 temporarily rises in the range of 80°C to 150°C. Considering a room temperature of about 15°C, the temperature difference ΔT _write ranges from 65°C to 135°C. Pulsed light irradiation occurs at the time of recording, while continuous light irradiation occurs at the time of reproduction. At the time of reproduction, a temperature rise and a temperature difference ΔT _read in the recording layer 3-2 occur. When the image forming magnification of the detection system in the optical head is M, the optical density of the detection lamp focused on the photodetector ^is obtained according to 1/M of the optical density of the convergent light irradiated on the recording layer 3-2, Therefore, the amount of temperature rise on the photodetector at the time of reproduction is obtained as roughly estimated ΔT _read /M ² . Considering the fact that the upper limit value of the density of light that can be irradiated on the photodetector is converted by the amount of temperature rise, the upper limit value is considered to be on the order of ΔT _read /M ² ≦1°C. The image formation magnification M of the detection system in the optical head is generally on the order of 3 to 10 times. If the estimated magnification is assumed to be

Reproduction power needs to be set in order to obtain:

ΔT _read /ΔT _write ≤20 (B-3)

Assuming that the duty cycle of the recording pulse at the time of recording is estimated to be 50%, the following is required:

[Best reproduction power]≤[Best recording power]/10 (B-4)

Therefore, in consideration of formulas (8) to (13) described later and the above-mentioned formula (B-4), the optimum reproduction power is specified as follows:

[Best reproduction power]＜3×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) (B-5)

[Best reproduction power]＜3×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) ^1/2 (B-6)

[Best reproduction power]＜2×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) (B-7)

[Best reproduction power]＜2×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) ^1/2 (B-8)

[Best reproduction power]＜1.5×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) (B-9)

[Best reproduction power] 1.5×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) ^1/2 (B-10)

Referring to "3-2-E) Basic Features Involving Thickness Distribution of the Recording Layer in the Present Embodiment Defined for Parameters" For example, when NA=0.65 and V=6.6m/s, the following relationship is obtained:

[Best reproduction power] < 3mW,

[Best reproduction power] <2mW, or

[Best reproduction power] <1.5mW.

In fact, when compared with the fact that the information storage medium rotates and relatively moves, the photodetector is fixed, so taking this fact into account, it is necessary to set the optimal reproduction power as obtained in the above formula On the order of 1/3 of the value or less. In the information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the value of the reproducing power is set to 0.4 mW.

3-2-C] Easy to produce the ideal recording film structure of the recording principle shown in this example

A description will be given of a method for "setting an environment" (recording film structure or shape) in which the above-described recording principle in this embodiment is easily produced.

As an environment in which a characteristic change may occur in the above-mentioned recording layer 3-2, the present embodiment is characterized in technical design in the recording film structure or shape, for example:

"In an area where the recording mark 9 is formed, the critical temperature at which a change in optical characteristics may occur is exceeded, while the gasification (vaporization) temperature will not be exceeded in the central part of the recording mark 9, and the transparent temperature near the central part of the recording mark 9 The surface of the light substrate 2-2 does not exceed a thermal temperature"

Specific contents related to the above description will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A , 6B, and 6C. In FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C, open (blank) arrows indicate the optical path of the irradiating laser beam 7, and dotted arrows indicate heat flow. The recording film structure shown in FIG. 6A indicates an environment in which variations in optical characteristics are most likely to occur within the recording layer 3-2 corresponding to the present embodiment. That is, in FIG. 6A, any position of the recording layer 3-2 including the organic dye recording material has a uniform thickness (thickness is large enough) in the range shown by formula (3) or formula (4), and is perpendicular to the recording The direction of the layer 3-2 to receive the irradiation of the laser beam 7. As described in detail in "6-1) Light reflection layer (material and thickness)", silver alloy was used as the material of the light reflection layer 4-2 in this embodiment. Not limited to silver alloys, materials including a metal having a strong light reflectance generally have high thermal conductivity and heat radiation characteristics. Therefore, although the temperature of the recording layer 3-2 rises by absorbing the energy of the irradiated laser beam 7, heat is radiated toward the light reflection layer 4-2 having heat radiation characteristics. Although the recording film shown in FIG. 6A is formed in an arbitrary position in a uniform shape, a relatively uniform temperature rise occurs within the recording layer 3-2, and the temperature differences at points α, β, and γ in the central portion are relatively small. of. Therefore, when the recording mark 9 is formed, when the critical temperature at which the optical characteristics change at the points α and β is exceeded, the point α at the central portion does not exceed the gasification (vaporization) temperature; The surface (not shown) of the light transmissive substrate at one location does not exceed the heat distortion temperature.

In contrast, as shown in Fig. 6B, a part of the recording film 3-2 provides a step. At the points δ and ε, the irradiation of the laser beam 7 is inclined in one direction to the direction in which the recording layer 3-2 is arranged, so that the irradiation amount of the laser beam 7 per unit area is relatively reduced compared with the point α of the center portion. As a result, the amount of temperature rise in the recording layer 3-2 at points δ and ε is reduced. Also, there is heat radiation toward the light reflection layer 4-2 at the points δ and ε, and thus the temperatures reached at the points δ and ε are sufficiently lowered compared with the point α of the central portion. Therefore, heat flows from point β to point α, and heat flows from point α to point γ, so the temperature difference between point β and γ with respect to point α of the central portion becomes small. When recording is performed, the amount of temperature rise at points β and γ is a low value, and points β and α do not exceed the critical temperature at which changes in optical characteristics occur. As a measure to overcome this problem, in order to cause changes in optical characteristics at points β and γ (to generate a critical temperature or higher), it is necessary to increase the exposure amount (recording power) of the laser beam 7 . In the recording film structure shown in FIG. 6B, the temperature difference of point α in the center portion is large with respect to points β and γ. Therefore, the gasification (evaporation) temperature will be exceeded at point α in the central portion when the prevailing temperature has risen to a temperature at which a change in optical characteristics occurs at points β and γ, or the light-transmitting substrate near point α in the central portion (not shown) can easily exceed the heat distortion temperature.

In addition, even if any position of the surface of the recording layer 3-2 on the side irradiated with the laser beam 7 is perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the laser beam 7, in the case where the thickness of the recording layer 3-2 varies with the position, it will provide A structure in which variations in optical characteristics hardly occur in the recording layer 3-2 according to the present embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 6C, consider a case where the thickness D1 of the peripheral portion of the recording layer 3-2 is significantly smaller than the thickness Dg of the point α of the central portion of the recording layer 3-2 (for example, formula (2) or formula (4) does not satisfy). Even at the point α of the central portion, although heat radiation toward the light reflection layer 4-2 occurs, the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 is sufficiently large, thus making it possible to achieve heat accumulation to reach a high temperature. In comparison, the thickness D1 at the points ξ and η is remarkably small, the heat irradiated toward the light reflection layer 4-2 does not perform heat accumulation and the temperature rise is small. As a result, heat radiation toward points β, δ, and ξ and heat radiation toward points γ, ε, and η, and heat radiation toward the light reflection layer 4-2 occur in this order, as shown in FIG. The temperature difference of the point α of the central portion with respect to the points β and γ becomes large. When the exposure amount (recording power) of the laser beam 7 is increased to produce a change in optical characteristics at the points β and γ (in order to generate a critical temperature or higher), the gasification (evaporation) temperature of the point α of the central portion will be exceeded, Or the surface of the light-transmitting substrate (not shown) in the vicinity of the point α of the central portion easily exceeds the heat distortion temperature.

7A, 7B and 7C in accordance with the foregoing, a description will be given concerning the following: In this embodiment, the technical design of the shape/dimensions of the pregroove is used to provide the setting of the "environment (recording film's structure or shape)", in which the recording principle according to this embodiment may appear; and the content related to the technical design of the recording layer thickness distribution in this embodiment. FIG. 7A shows the structure of a recording film in a conventional write-once type information storage medium such as CD-R or DVD-R; and FIGS. 7B and 7C show the structure of a recording film in this embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C, the recording marks 9 in the present invention are formed in the pre-groove area 11. As shown in FIG.

3-2-D] Basic features related to prefabricated groove shape/size in this embodiment

As shown in FIG. 7A, there are many cases where, in a conventional write-once type information storage medium such as CD-R or DVD-R, the pregroove region 11 is formed as a "V-groove". In the case of such a structure, as described in FIG. 6B, the energy absorption efficiency of the laser beam 7 is low, and the non-uniformity of temperature distribution in the recording layer 3-2 becomes large. The characteristic of this embodiment is that, in order to approach the ideal state of FIG. 6A, a plane shape perpendicular to the traveling direction of the incident laser beam 7 is provided in at least the pregroove area 11 on the side of the "light-transmitting substrate 2-2" . As described with reference to FIG. 6A, it is desirable that this planar region be as wide as possible. Therefore, the second feature of the present embodiment resides in that the land area is provided in the pre-groove area 11, and the width Wg of the pre-groove area 11 is larger than the width Wl of the land area (Wg>Wl). In this specification, the width Wg of the pregroove region and the width Wl of the land region are defined as the different widths at a location passing through a plane with an intermediate height that was obtained in the prefabricated Between the height at which the flat position of the groove area is located and the height at which the land area becomes the highest and a position of the inclined surface in the pregroove.

Discussions have been made using thermal analysis, data has been recorded in a write-once type information storage medium actually produced as a design prototype, and a substrate caused by a cross-sectional SEM (scanning electron microscope) image at the position of the recording mark 9 has been made The deformation observation, and the observation of the presence or absence of cavities due to vaporization (evaporation) in the recording layer 3-2 have been repeated. As a result, it was found that by widening the width Wg of the pre-groove region so as to be more significantly larger than the width Wl of the land region, beneficial effects are obtained. Moreover, the ratio of the pregroove region width Wg to the land region width W1 is Wg:Wl=6:4, and is expected to be greater than Wg:Wl=7:3, so it is considered that the local optical characteristics in the recording layer 3-2 Changes may occur which are more stable at the time of recording. As described above, when the difference between the pregroove region width Wg and the land region width W1 increases, a land surface is eliminated from the top of the land region 12, as shown in FIG. 7C. In a conventional DVD-R disc, a pre-pit (land pre-pit: not shown) is formed in the land area 12, and a format for recording address information and the like is implemented therein in advance. Therefore, forming a land area in the land area 12 is a conditional mandatory measure. As a result, the pre-groove region 11 is formed in a "V-groove". Furthermore, in a conventional CD-R disc, a wobble signal is recorded in the pre-groove area 11 using frequency modulation. In conventional FM systems in CD-R discs, the time slot interval (details are given for each format) is not constant, and the phase adjustment at the time of wobble signal detection (PLL: PLL (Phase Locked Loop) synchronization) is more difficult. Therefore, the wall surface of the pre-groove area 11 is concentrated (so as to be close to the V-groove) near a center where the intensity of the reproduction focus is the highest and the amount of wobble amplitude is increased, thus ensuring the accuracy of wobble signal detection. Accuracy. As shown in 7B and 7C, after the land area in the pre-groove area 11 of the present embodiment has been widened, when the inclined surface of the pre-groove area 11 is relatively moved to the outside of the central position of the reproduction focus, it will be very It is difficult to obtain a wobble detection signal. The present embodiment is characterized in that the width Wg of the above-mentioned pregroove region is widened and the H format using PSK (Phase Shift Keying) in which the time slot interval of wobble detection is always kept fixed in combination, or using FSK ( Frequency Shift Keying) or STW (Sawtooth Wobble) B format, thereby ensuring stable recording characteristics at low recording power (suitable for high-speed recording or layering), and ensuring stable wobble signal detection characteristics. Especially in the H format, in addition to the above-mentioned combination, "the ratio of the wobble modulation is reduced significantly lower than the ratio of the wobble modulation in the non-modulation area", thereby more significantly helping the detection of the wobble signal. synchronization, and further more significantly stabilizes the signature of wobble signal detection.

3-2-E] Basic features related to the thickness distribution of the recording layer 3-2 in this embodiment

In this specification, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the thickness of a portion where the recording layer 3-2 in the land area 12 is the thickest is defined as the thickness D1 in the land area 12; and in the pre-groove area 11 A portion where the middle recording layer 3-2 is the thickest is defined as the recording layer thickness Dg in the pregroove area. As has been described with reference to FIG. 6C, the thickness D1 of the recording layer in the land area is relatively increased, and therefore, local optical characteristic changes in the recording layer stably occur when recording is performed.

In the same manner as above, a discussion has been made using thermal analysis, data has been recorded in a write-once type information storage medium actually produced as a design prototype, and a cross-sectional SEM (scanning electron microscope) image has been taken at the position of the recording mark 9 Substrate deformation observations and observations of the presence or absence of cavities generated by vaporization (evaporation) in the recording layer 3-2 were made. As a result, it has been found that it is necessary to set the ratio between the recording layer thickness Dg in the pregroove area and the recording layer thickness Dl in the land area to be equal to or smaller than Dg:Dl=4:1. Also setting Dg:Dl=3:1, and desirably setting Dg:Dl=2:1 makes it possible to secure the stability of the recording principle in the embodiment.

3-3) Recording characteristics common to the organic dye recording films in this embodiment

As one of the contents of "3-2-B] Basic features common to organic dye recording materials in this embodiment", this embodiment is characterized by recording power control as described in item [γ].

The formation of the recording mark 9 is caused by a local change in optical properties in the recording layer 3-2 at a temperature that is lower than the thermal decomposition temperature of the conventional light-transmitting substrate 2-2 in the recording layer 3-2, or The plastic deformation temperature is much lower at the gasification (evaporation) temperature. Therefore, the upper limit value of the recording power is limited so that it is not guaranteed that the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 locally exceeds the plastic deformation temperature when recording is performed, or the thermal decomposition temperature or gas temperature is locally exceeded in the recording layer 3-2. melting (evaporation) temperature.

In contrast to the discussion using thermal analysis, by using the device described later in "4-1) Explanation of the structure and characteristics of the reproducing device or recording/reproducing device of the present embodiment", and by using the device described later in "4-3 ) The recording conditions described in "Description of recording conditions in this embodiment" have made presentations of optimum power values in the case where recording is performed according to the recording principle shown in this embodiment. The numerical aperture (NA) value of the objective lens of the recording/reproducing apparatus used in the demonstration test was 0.65, and the linear velocity at the time of recording was 6.61 m/s. As the value of recording power (peak power) defined later in "4-3) Description of recording conditions in the present embodiment", it has been found that:

Vaporization (vaporization) of most organic dye recording materials occurs at 30 mW, and cavities appear in recording marks;

... the temperature of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 at a location near the recording layer 3-2 significantly exceeds the glass transition temperature;

The temperature of the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 reaches the plastic deformation temperature (glass transition temperature) at 20 mW at a position near the recording layer 3-2;

• In consideration of margins such as surface pre-bending or recording power variation of the information storage medium, 15 mW or less is desired.

The "recording power" mentioned above means the sum of the exposure amounts irradiated to the recording layer 3-2. The optical energy density of the central portion of the focal point and the portion where the optical intensity density is the highest is obtained as parameters used in the discussion in this embodiment. The focal spot size is inversely proportional to the NA value, and thus the optical energy density at the central portion of the focal spot increases in proportion to the square of the NA value. Therefore, the current value can be converted into a value of the optimum recording power in the B format described later or another format (another NA value) (D3) by using the following related formula:

[Recording power applicable to different NA values]=[Recording power when NA=0.65]×0.65 ² /NA ² (5)

Also, the optimum recording power varies depending on the linear velocity V in the phase-change recording type material. In general, the optimum recording power is proportional to the 1/2 power change of the linear velocity in phase-change recording type materials, and is proportional to the linear velocity V change in organic dye recording materials. Therefore, the conversion formula of the optimum recording power considering the linear velocity V obtained by extending the formula (5) is obtained as follows:

[Normal recording power]=[Recording power when NA=0.65; 6.6m/s]×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) (6)

or

[Normal recording power]=[Recording power when NA=0.65; 6.6m/s]×(0.65/NA) ² ×V/6.6) ^1/2 (7)

When summarizing the above discussion results, as the recording power used to ensure the recording principle shown in this embodiment, the upper limit value that is desired to be set is:

[Best recording power]＜30×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) (8)

[Best recording power]＜30×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) ^1/2 (9)

[Best recording power]＜20×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) (10)

[Best recording power]＜20×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) ^1/2 (11)

[Best recording power]＜15×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) (12)

[Best recording power]＜15×(0.65/NA) ² ×(V/6.6) ^1/2 (13)

From the above formulas, the condition for formula (8) or formula (9) is achieved as a mandatory condition; a target condition for formula (10) or formula (11) is achieved; and the condition for formula (12) or formula ( 13) as the desired condition.

3-4) Explanation concerning the characteristics of the "H-L" recording film in this example

A recording film having a feature that "the amount of light reflection in the recorded mark 9 is lower than that in the unrecorded area" is referred to as an "H-L" recording film. In contrast, a recording film in which the above-mentioned amount of light reflection is high is referred to as an "L-H" recording film. Among these recording films, for the "H-L" recording film, this embodiment is characterized by:

1) providing an upper limit value as a ratio of the absorbance at the reproduction wavelength relative to the absorbance at the λ _{max write} position of the optical absorption spectrum; and

2) Change the light absorption spectral profile to form a recording mark.

In the H format of this embodiment, as a modulation system, ETM (eight to twelve: 8-bit data code conversion into 12 channel bits) and RLL (1, 10) (in the code train after modulation, The minimum inversion length associated with 12 channel bit length T is 2T, and the maximum inversion length is 11T). In which the performance evaluation of the reproducing circuit described later in "4-2) Explanation of the reproducing circuit of the present embodiment" is performed, in order to stably perform the reproduction of the reproducing circuit, it has been found that it is necessary to satisfy the [in I _11H and from the _The ratio of the difference I ₁₁ ≡I _11H -I _11L ] between the reproduced signal amount I 11L of the length of the recording mark (11T) is:

I ₁₁ /I _11H ≥ 0.4 (20) or preferably,

I ₁₁ /I _11H >0.2 (21)

In this embodiment, a PRML (Partial Response Maximum Likelihood) method is used at the time of reproduction of a signal recorded at a high density. In order to correctly perform detection according to the PRML technique, the linearity of the reproduced signal is required.

In order to ensure the linearity of the above-mentioned reproduced signal, it has been found that when the reproduced signal amplitude of a recorded mark with a length of 3T and a repeated signal from an unrecorded space is defined as _I3 , a proportional relationship relative to the above-mentioned _I11 needs to be satisfied:

I ₃ /I ₁₁ ≥0.35 (22); or preferably

I ₃ /I ₁₁ >0.2 (23)

As a method for selecting an organic dye material suitable for a specific "HL" recording layer, according to an optical film design in the present embodiment, a refractive index range of n ₃₂ =1.3 to 2.0 in the unrecorded state is selected organic dye material; the range of absorption coefficient is k ₃₂ =0.1 to 0.2, and it is expected that n ₃₂ =1.7 to 1.9; the range of absorption coefficient is k ₃₂ =0.15 to 0.17, and a series of conditions mentioned above are satisfied.

In the "HL" recording film, in the light absorption spectrum of the unrecorded area, although the wavelength of λ _{max write} is shorter than the wavelength of reproducing light or recording/reproducing light (for example, 405 nm), there is no limitation to this, and λ _{max write} The wavelength of light may be longer than the wavelength of reproducing light or recording/reproducing light (for example, 405 nm).

In order to satisfy the above formula (22) or formula (23), the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 will be affected. For example, if the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 significantly exceeds the allowable value, only the optical characteristics of the portion of the recording layer 3-2 that is in contact with the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 will follow the state of the recording mark 9 formed. changes, so that the optical characteristic of the portion of the recording layer 3-2 that contacts the light reflection layer 4-2 adjacent to its position is obtained as a value equal to the optical characteristic value in the unrecorded area. As a result, the change in the amount of reproduced light is reduced, and the _I3 value in formula (22) or formula (23) is reduced, and one condition of formula (22) or formula (23) cannot be satisfied. Therefore, in order to satisfy the formula (22), as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C , it is necessary to change the optical characteristics of the portion of the recording mark 9 that is in contact with the light reflection layer 4-2. Also, if the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 significantly exceeds an allowable value, a temperature gradient in the thickness direction will appear when recording marks are formed. Subsequently, the gasification (evaporation) temperature of a portion contacting the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 will be exceeded before the portion of the recording layer 3-2 contacting the light reflection layer 4-2 reaches the light characteristic change temperature, That is, the heat distortion temperature in the light-transmitting substrate 2-2 is exceeded. For the above reasons, in order to satisfy the formula (22) in this embodiment, the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 is set to be "3T" or less according to the discussion of the thermal analysis; and a condition for satisfying the formula (23) is The thickness Dg of this recording layer 3-2 is set to be "3×3T" or less. Actually, in the case where the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 is equal to or smaller than "3T", although formula (22) can be satisfied, considering the inclination caused by the surface movement or bending of the write-once type information storage medium, Or related to the influence of the margin of focus blur, the thickness can be set to "T" or less. Considering the results obtained by the formulas (1) and (2) described earlier, the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 in the present embodiment is set within a range specifying a required minimum condition:

9T≥Dg≥λ/8n ₃₂ (27)

And in a desired condition:

3T≥Dg≥λ/4n ₃₂ (28)

Without being limited thereto, the most extreme conditions may be defined as:

T≥Dg≥λ/4n ₃₂ (29)

As described later, the value of the channel bit length T in the H format is 102 nm, and in the B format is 69 nm to 80 nm. Therefore, the value of 3T in H format is 306nm, and in B format is 207nm to 240nm. The value of 9T in H format is 918nm, and in B format is 621nm to 720nm. Although the "H-L" recording film is described here, the conditions for the formulas (27) to (29) can be applied to the "L-H" recording film without being limited thereto.

Chapter 4: Description of Reproducing Devices or Recording/Reproducing Devices and Recording Conditions/Reproducing Circuits

4-1) Description of the structure and features of the reproducing device or recording/reproducing device in this embodiment

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a structural example of an embodiment of an information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present invention. In FIG. 8, the upper side of the control unit 143 mainly represents an information recording control system for an information storage medium. In the information reproducing apparatus of the present embodiment, the structure of the excluded information recording control system in FIG. 8 corresponds to the above-mentioned structure. In FIG. 8 , thick solid arrows indicate the flow of main information specifying a reproduction signal or a recording signal; thin solid arrows indicate information flow; dotted arrows indicate reference clock lines; and thin dashed arrows indicate command direction.

An optical head (not shown) is placed in the information recording/reproducing unit 141 shown in FIG. 8 . In the present embodiment, the wavelength of the light source (semiconductor laser) used in the optical head is 405nm, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and as previously described, can use a wavelength equal to or shorter than 620nm or 530nm A light source, or a light source ranging from 355nm to 455nm. In addition, two objective lenses for focusing light beams of the above-mentioned wavelengths on the information storage medium may be incorporated in the optical head. In the case of performing a recording/reproducing operation for an H format information storage medium, an objective lens having an NA value of 065 is used. A structure is provided such that in the case of performing recording/reproducing operations for a B-format information storage medium, an objective lens having NA=0.85 is used. As an intensity distribution of incident light just before the light is incident on the objective lens, when the central intensity is set to "1", the relative light intensity at the circumference of the objective lens (the boundary position of the aperture) is called "RIM intensity". The value of the RIM strength in the H format is set in the range of 55% to 70%. At this time, the amount of wavefront distortion in the optical head is optically designed to be 0.33λ with respect to a wavelength λ of use (0.33λ or less).

In this embodiment, Partial Response Maximum Likelihood (PRML) is used for information reproduction in order to achieve high density of information storage media (point [A]). As a result of various tests, when PR(1, 2, 2, 2, 1) is used as the PR class to be used, it is possible to increase the line Density and improve the reliability of the reproduced signal (that is, can improve the demodulation reliability). Therefore, PR(1, 2, 2, 2, 1) (point [A1]) is used in this embodiment. In this embodiment, according to a (d, k; m, n) modulation rule (in the above method, this means RLL(d, k) of m/n modulation), the channel bit pattern after modulation is recorded in information storage media.

Specifically, ETM (8-to-12 modulation) for converting 8-bit data into 12-channel bits (m=8, n=12) is used as a modulation method, and has a minimum value of continuous "0" therein The condition of an RLL(1,10) of is defined as d=1, and the maximum value is defined as k=10 as the RLL limit defined by the run length, so that the channel bit pattern after modulation must satisfy the following "0" limit on the length. In this embodiment, in order to realize a high-density information storage medium, the channel bit gap is minimized. As a result, for example, after a repeated pattern "10101010101010101010101010" belonging to the pattern of d=1 has been recorded in the information storage medium, in the case of reproducing the data in the information recording/reproducing unit 141, the data is close to the The turn-off frequency of the MTF characteristic of the system forms the signal amplitude of a reproduced native signal in a shape almost hidden by the noise. Therefore, a partial response maximum likelihood (PRML) technique is used as a method for reproducing recording marks or pits which have been densely packed to a limit level of the MTF characteristic (off frequency). That is, the signal reproduced from the information recording/reproducing unit 141 is subjected to reproduction waveform correction by the PR equalization circuit 130 .

By converting the signal through the PR equalization circuit 130 into a digital quantity, according to a timing of the reference clock 198 sent from the reference clock generation circuit 160, the signal that has passed through the PR equalization circuit 130 is sampled; the sampled signal is converted by the AD converter 169 into a digital data; and a Viterbi decoding process is performed in the Viterbi decoder 156. Viterbi-decoded data is processed into data that is completely analogous to binary data at conventional slicing levels. In the case where this PRML technique has been used, if the sampling timing obtained by the AD converter 169 is shifted, the bit error rate of the data after Viterbi decoding will increase. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of sampling timing, the information reproducing apparatus or information recording/reproducing apparatus according to this embodiment has a special other sampling timing sampling circuit (combination of Schmidt trigger two evolution circuit 155 and PLL circuit 174) ). This Schmitt trigger circuit 155 has a certain value (the forward voltage value of a diode in reality) at the limiting reference level for binarization, and is characterized in that binarization is only provided when this specific width has been exceeded . Therefore, as described above, for example, in the case where one pattern of "101010101010101010101010" has been input, the signal amplitude is small, so switching for binarization does not occur. For example, in the case where a pattern such as "1001001001001001001001" which is rarer than the above-mentioned pattern has been input, the amplitude of the reproduced original signal increases, so the pole of the binary signal occurs according to the timing of "1" by the Schmitt trigger two evolution circuit 155. sex switch. In this embodiment, NRZI (Non-Return to Zero Inversion) technology is used, and the position of "1" of the above pattern coincides with the edge portion (boundary portion) of the recording mark or pit.

The PLL circuit 174 detects a shift in frequency and phase between a binary signal which is the output of the Schmitt trigger binary evolution circuit 155 and a signal which sends the reference clock 198 from the reference clock generating circuit 160, so as to change the PLL The frequency and phase of the output clock of circuit 174. By using the output signal of the PLL circuit 174 and the decoding characteristic information on the Viterbi decoder 156 and the convergence length (about the information (the distance to the convergence) in the path metric memory of the Viterbi decoder 156, although not specifically shown) , the reference clock generation circuit 160 applies a feedback to (frequency and phase) of a reference clock 198 in order to reduce the bit error rate after Viterbi decoding. The reference clock 198 generated by the reference clock generation circuit 160 is used as a reference timing at the time of reproduction signal processing.

The synchronization code position sampling unit 145 is used to detect the occurrence and position of the synchronization code coexisting in the output data sequence of the Viterbi decoder 156, and to sample the start position of the above output data. The demodulation circuit 152 performs demodulation processing on the data temporarily stored in the shift register circuit 170 while defining this start position as a reference. In this embodiment, referring to a conversion table recorded in the demodulation conversion table recording unit 154, the above-mentioned temporarily stored data is returned to the original bit pattern on the 12-channel on a bit-by-bit basis. Then, error correction processing is performed by the ECC decoding circuit 162 , and descrambling is performed by the descrambling circuit 159 . Address information is recorded in advance in the information storage medium of the recording type (rewritable type or write-once type) according to the present embodiment by wobble modulation. The wobble detection unit 135 reproduces this address information (ie, judges the content of the wobble signal), and supplies the control unit 143 with information necessary to provide access to a desired location.

A description will now be given regarding an information recording control system provided at a higher position than the control unit 143 . After the data ID information is generated from the data ID generation unit 165 according to the recording position on the information storage medium, when copy control information is generated by the CPR_MAI data generation unit 167, various information on the data ID, IED, CPR_MAI, and EDC are added To the information to be recorded by the data ID, IED, CPR_MAI, and EDC adding unit 168. After the added information is scrambled by the scrambling circuit 157, an ECC block is formed by the ECC encoding circuit 161, and the ECC block is converted into a channel bit pattern by the modulating circuit 151. The synchronization code is added by the synchronization code generating/adding unit 146, and the data is recorded in the information storage medium by the information recording/reproducing unit 141. At the time of modulation, DSV values after modulation are sequentially calculated by a DSV (Digital Sum Value) calculation unit 148, and the continuously calculated values are fed back for code conversion after modulation.

FIG. 9 shows a detailed configuration of a peripheral portion including the sync code position detector unit 145 shown in FIG. 8 . The synchronization code includes a synchronization position detection code part and a variable code part with a fixed pattern. From the channel bit pattern output from the Viterbi decoder, the sync position detection code detector unit 182 detects the position of a sync position detection code portion having the above-mentioned fixed pattern. The variable code transfer units 183 and 184 sample data about a variable code existing before and after the detection position, and judge in which synchronization frame the synchronization code is located in the sector, detect the synchronization code with the identification unit 185, In order to detect a synchronous position with the above fixed pattern. In the order of the shift register circuit 170, the demodulation program unit 188 in the demodulation circuit 152, and the ECC decoding circuit 162, the user information recorded on the information storage medium is sequentially transferred.

In this embodiment, by using the PRML system for reproduction in the data area, data lead-in area, and data lead-out area, the high-density H format of the information storage medium (especially improved line density) is realized. In addition, compatibility with current DVDs is ensured, and reproduction stability is ensured by using a slice level detection system for reproduction in the system lead-in area and system lead-out area. (Details will be given later in "Chapter 7: Description of H Format".)

Chapter 5: Specific description of the organic dye recording film in this example

5-1) Description of characteristics related to "L-H" recording film in this embodiment

A description will be given for an "L-H" recording film having a characteristic that the amount of light reflection in recorded marks is reduced compared with that in unrecorded areas. From among the recording principles described in "3-2-B] Basic features common to organic dye recording materials in the present embodiment", the recording principle in the case of using this recording film mainly utilizes either of the following principles:

Changes in hair color characteristics;

Changes in electronic structure (electron shells) associated with components contributing to chromogenic phenomena [fading reactions, etc.]; and

Alignment changes between molecules and changes the characteristics of the light absorption spectrum. This "L-H" recording film is characterized in that the range of the reflection amount between the unrecorded position and the recorded position is specified in consideration of the characteristics of a read-only information storage medium having a single-sided double-layer structure.

FIG. 10 shows the reflection coefficients of the non-recording position and the recording position of various recording films in this embodiment. In the case where the H format has been used (refer to "Chapter 7: Specification of the H format"), the signal is recorded in an embedded area (such as the system lead-in area SYLDI) and a recording mark area (data A same direction of the lead-in area DTLDI, data lead-out area DTLDO, or data area DTA) occurs while a groove level is defined as a reference. Similarly, in the "H-L" recording film, while defining the groove level as a reference, the signal is recorded in an embedding area (such as the system lead-in area SYSDI) and a recording mark area (data lead-in area DTLDI, data lead-out area The opposite direction of DTLDO, or data area DTA) appears. Utilizing this phenomenon facilitates the design of detection circuits corresponding to the "L-H" recording film and the "H-L" recording film, in addition to being used for recording film discrimination between the "L-H" recording film and the "H-L" recording film . In addition, the reproduced signal characteristics obtained from the recording marks on the "L-H" recording film shown in this embodiment were adjusted so as to conform to the signal characteristics obtained from the "H-L" recording film so as to satisfy equations (20) to (23). In this way, in the case of using either of the "L-H" recording film and the "H-L" recording film, the same signal processor circuit can be used, and the signal processor circuit can be simplified and reduced in price.

Referring to FIGS. 27A and 27B , description will be given regarding another embodiment related to an embodiment showing the relationship in light reflectance between the "H-L" recording film and the "L-H" recording film shown in FIG. 10 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C , the width Wg of the pre-groove region 11 is set wider than the width W1 of the land region 12 . Thus, according to the present embodiment, when a seek is performed on the pre-groove area 11 (the inside of the data lead-in area DTLDI or the data area DTA and the data lead-out area DTLDO), the signal level (Iot) from the pre-groove area 11 _Groove increases.

In the present embodiment, the "light reflectance" is defined by using the detection signal level detected by the optical head as described below.

First, a parallel laser beam of an incident light amount ₁₀ is irradiated to a specific area without fine irregularities, such as a pre-pit or a pre-groove of the information storage medium 1101; the reflected light amount I of the parallel laser beam reflected from the information storage medium 1101 _R is measured; and the value R _S =I _R /I _O is utilized as the light reflectance R _S . Thus, the value measured without using the light head is defined as the calibration light reflectance R _S . Next, the detection signal level detected on its predetermined area by using the optical head is defined as reflected optical power D _S , and the value (R _S /D _S ) is utilized as the The detection signal level of position detection is converted into the conversion coefficient of "light reflection coefficient".

According to the present embodiment, the reflectance of the information storage medium is specified such that the light reflectance of the system lead-in area SYLDI of the "H-L" recording film ranges from 16% to 32%.

Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the ratio (Iot) of the light reflection amount (Iot) _groove in the unrecorded area in the "HL" recording film to the light reflection amount _I11HP in the system lead-in area SYLDI is specified at the high level (Iot) _{groove Tank} /I _11HP is thus included in the range of 0.5 to 1.0. As shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the width Wg of the pre-groove region 11 is narrower than the width Wl of the land region 12, thereby increasing (Iot) the level of _{the groove} . Specifically, in the "HL" recording film, the thickness Dg of the recording layer 2-3 is increased, thereby reducing the step difference Hr between the groove region and the land region. Thus, the level of (Iot) _groove increases, so that the value of (Iot) _groove /I _11HP is 50% or more. As a result, the light reflection amount I _11HM from the recording mark recorded in the groove area 11 can be increased, and the detection signal amplitude from the recording mark in the groove area 11 is increased.

The detection signal level in the "LH" recording film will now be described with reference to Figs. 27A and 27B. A laser beam 1117 emitted from a semiconductor laser 1121 passes through a collimator lens 1122 to form a parallel beam. The parallel beam passes through the beam splitter 1123 and is focused on the pregroove area 1111 of the optical disc 1101 by the objective lens 1128 . The light beam reflected from the pre-groove area 1111 passes through the objective lens 1128 and enters the beam splitter 1123 . The light beam reflected by the beam splitter 1123 is irradiated to the photodetector 1125 through the focusing lens 1124 . The photodetector 1125 has a photodetection unit 1125-1 and a photodetection unit 1125-2 that output detection signals I1 and I2. As in the "HL" recording film, the amount of light reflection in the system lead-in area SYLDI of the "LH" recording film is defined by (Rs/Ds) x I _11HP . In this embodiment, the light reflectance in the system lead-in area SYLDI of the "LH" recording film is specified within the range of 14% to 28%. In the "LH" recording film, the thicknesses Dg and D1 of the recording film 3-2 in the pre-groove region 11 and the land region 12 shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C are relatively small. Therefore, the detection signal level (Iot) _groove in the unrecorded area of the pre-groove area 214 when the track loop is ON in the unrecorded area is smaller than the detection signal level (Iot) _groove of the "HL" recording film. _groove . As a result, in the present embodiment, the light reflection amount (Iot) _groove ratio (Iot) _groove /I _11HP is set to be lower than the ratio (Iot) _groove /I _11HP of the light reflection amount (Iot) _groove of the "HL" recording film to be included in the range of 40% to 80%. In the "LH" recording film, the reflectance of light in the recorded mark is more remarkably increased than that of the unrecorded area, and therefore, a reproduced signal waveform as shown in Fig. 27B is generated. In FIG. 27B , the highest detected signal level I _11HM of the reproduced signal from the recording mark is used as the light reflection amount, and the reflection coefficient is specified by (R _S /D _S )×I _11HM . In this example, the reflectance in the "LH" recording film ranged from 14% to 28%. According to the present embodiment, the light reflection range in the system lead-in area SYLDI is specified so as to partially overlap in the "LH" recording film and the "HL" recording film. There is an overlapping portion α of light reflectance between the "HL" recording film and the "LH" recording film in the system lead-in area SYLDI. In this embodiment, the light reflection in this region ranges from 16% to 28%. This embodiment just uses the method for overlapping the reflectance range between the "HL" recording film and the "LH" recording film in the system lead-in area SYLDI in which each recording layer 3- 2 to create an overlapping portion of reflectance between the "HL" recording film and the "LH" recording film in the system lead-in area SYLDI. In addition, an overlapping portion β of light reflectance when the track ring is ON in the data lead-in area DTLDI, data DTA, or data lead-out area DTLDO is provided. In this overlapping portion, the (Iot) _groove level in the unrecorded area of the "HL" recording film is set higher than the detection signal level (Iot) _groove signal in the unrecorded area of the "LH" recording film level, so that there is an overlap β between the light reflection coefficients.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the thicknesses Dg and Dl of the recording layer 3-2 are set somewhat larger in the "HL" recording film than in the "LH" recording film. As a result, the step difference Hr in the light reflection layer 4-2 in the "HL" recording film is smaller than that in the "LH" recording film. As a result, the detection signal level (Iot) _grooves in the unrecorded area in the "HL" recording film increased. In this embodiment, the light reflectance range when the track ring is ON is consistent between the "HL" recording film and the "LH" film. In addition, the overlapping portion β of the light reflectance between the "HL" recording film and the "LH" recording film in the data area DTA and the like is maximized. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, there is a portion γ in which light is transmitted between a portion α in which the light reflection coefficients overlap each other in the system lead-in area SYLDI and a portion β in which the light reflection coefficients overlap each other in the data area DTA. The reflection coefficients overlap each other.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7B or 7C, the width Wg of the pregroove area 11 is wider than the width Wl of the land area 12, and the detection of the groove from the unrecorded area such as the inside of the data area DTA The signal level (Iot) _groove is reduced, thereby increasing the overlap γ of the light reflectance between the part α and the part β.

5-2) Characteristics of the light absorption spectrum associated with the "L-H" recording film in this embodiment

As already described in "3-4) Description of the characteristics of the "HL" recording film related to the present embodiment", the relative absorbance in an unrecorded area is actually lower in the "HL" recording film, so , when reproduction light has been irradiated at the time of reproduction, a change in optical characteristics resulting from absorbed energy of the reproduction light occurs. Even if a change in optical characteristics (renewal of recording action) occurs after the energy of the reproducing light has been absorbed by a recording mark having a high absorptivity in absorption, the light reflectance from the recording mark is lowered. Therefore, since this change is effected in a direction in which the amplitude of the reproduced signal increases (I ₁₁ ≡I _11H −I _11L ), reproduced signal processing is less affected.

In contrast, the "L-H" recording film has an optical characteristic that "the light reflectance of the unrecorded portion is lower than that of the recorded mark". This means that the absorption rate in the unrecorded portion is higher than that in the recorded mark. Therefore, signal degradation may occur in the "L-H" recording film at the time of reproduction, as compared with the "H-L" recording film. As described in "3-2-B] Basic Features Common to Organic Dye Recording Materials in the Invention", it is necessary to improve the ability to reproduce information in the case where deterioration of the reproduced signal due to irradiation of ultraviolet rays or reproduction light has occurred. reliability.

As a result of detailed examination of the properties of organic dye recording materials, it has been found that a mechanism absorbs the energy of reproduced light so that a change in a light property substantially mimics a change in a light property caused by ultraviolet irradiation. As a result, if a structure that improves durability with respect to ultraviolet irradiation is provided in an unrecorded area, signal degradation hardly occurs at the time of reproduction. Therefore, the present embodiment is characterized in that, in the "LH" recording film, the value of λ _{max write} (maximum absorption wavelength closest to the wavelength of recording light) is longer than the wavelength of recording light or reproducing light (nearly 405 nm). In this way, the absorptivity associated with ultraviolet rays can be reduced, and the durability associated with ultraviolet irradiation can be remarkably improved. As is apparent from FIG. 12, the difference in absorptivity _between a recorded portion and an unrecorded portion near λ _{max write} is a small value, and reduces the The degree of modulation (signal amplitude) of the reproduced signal. Considering the wavelength change of the semiconductor laser light source, it is desirable to employ a sufficiently large reproduction signal modulation (signal amplitude) in the range of 355 nm to 455 nm. In this embodiment, therefore, the recording film 3-2 is designed so that a wavelength of λ _{max write} exists outside the range of 355 nm to 455 nm (ie, at a wavelength longer than 455 nm).

FIG. 11 shows an example of the light absorption spectrum in the "LH" recording film of this embodiment. As described in "5-1) Description about the characteristics of the "LH" recording film", in this embodiment, a non-recording portion ("L" portion) of the "LH" recording film is The lower limit value β of the coefficient is set to 18%, and the upper limit value γ is set to 32%. Seen from 1-0.32=0.68, in order to satisfy the above-mentioned conditions, it is possible to intuitively understand whether a value Al ₄₀₅ for the absorbance at 405 nm in an unrecorded area will satisfy:

Al ₄₀₅ ≥68% (36)

Although the reflection coefficient for 405 nm light of the light reflection layer 4-2 in FIGS. 1A and 1B is slightly lower than 100%, it is assumed that the coefficient is almost close to 100% for the sake of simplification. Therefore, the light reflectance is almost 100% when the absorptivity Al=0. In Fig. 11, the light reflection coefficient of the entire recording film to λ _{max write} is designated by R λ _{max write} . At this time, assuming that the light reflection coefficient is zero (Rλ _{max write} ≈0), formula (36) is obtained. However, in reality the coefficient is not set to "0", so it is necessary to derive an accurate formula. A conditional formula for setting the upper limit value of the light reflectance of the non-recording portion ("L" portion) of the "LH" recording film to 32% is given below:

1-Al ₄₀₅ ×(1-Rλ _{max write} )≤0.32 (37)

Only the "H-L" recording film is used in a conventional write-once type information storage medium, and there is no accumulation of information on the "L-H" recording film. However, later in "5-3) Anion part: azo metal complex + cationic part: dye" and "5-4) Use of "copper" as azo metal complex + center metal" In the case of the example described in , the most stringent condition satisfying equation (37) is obtained as follows:

Al ₄₀₅ ≥ 80%; (38)

In the case of using an organic dye recording material described later in this embodiment, when the optical design of the resulting recording film includes a margin for, for example, characteristic variation at the time of manufacture or includes the recording layer 3-2 when the thickness is changed, It has been found that the minimum condition for satisfying the reflectance described in the section "Explanation on the characteristics of the "L-H" recording film" is to satisfy:

Al ₄₀₅ ≥40% (39)

And, by satisfying any one of the following formulas:

Al ₃₅₅ ≥40% (40)

Al ₄₅₅ ≥40% (41)

Then even if the wavelength of the light source is changed in the range of 355nm to 405nm, or in the range of 405nm to 455nm, it is possible to ensure stable recording characteristics or reproduction characteristics (in the case where both formulas are satisfied at the same time, in the range of 355nm to 455nm change in).

FIG. 12 shows changes in the light absorption spectrum after recording in the "LH" recording film according to this embodiment. It is considered that the value of the maximum absorption wavelength λI _max in a recording mark deviates from the wavelength of λ _{max write} , and an intermolecular alignment change (such as an alignment change between azo-based metal complexes) occurs. Moreover, it is considered that a fading reaction (reduction of local electron shells (local molecular chain decomposition) occurs in parallel with a position in which the absorptivity in the λ1 _max position and the absorptivity Al ₄₀₅ to 405 nm are all reduced, and the The light absorption spectrum diffuses by itself.

In the "L-H" recording film according to the present embodiment, by satisfying the conditions of each of the formulas (20), (21), (22) and (23), the same signal processor circuit can be used for the "L-H" recording film Both and "H-L" recording films allow, thereby enabling simplification and reduction in the price of signal processor circuits. In formula (20), when:

I ₁₁ /I _11H ≡(I _11H -I _11L )/I _11H ≥0.4 (42)

is corrected,

Then I _11H ≥I _11L /0.6 is obtained (43).

As previously described, in the present embodiment, the lower limit value β of the light reflectance of an unrecorded portion ("L" portion) of the "LH" recording film is set to 18%, and this value corresponds to 1 _11L . And conceptually this above value corresponds to:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 11</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&cong;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 405</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; R\&lambda;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; max</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; write</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 44</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$

Therefore, the following formulas are established from formulas (43) and (44):

1-Ah ₄₀₅ ×(1-Rλ _{max write} )≥0.18/0.6 (45)

A comparison between the above formulas (45) and (36) found that Al ₄₀₅ and Ah ₄₀₅ seem to be set around 68% to 70% as the value of the absorption rate. Also, considering the case where the value of Al ₄₀₅ is obtained in the range of formula (39) and the performance of the signal processor circuit is stable, a condition is obtained as:

Ah ₄₀₅ ≤0.4 (47)

Expectations are met, if possible;

Ah ₄₀₅ ≤0.3 (48)

5-3) Anion part: azo metal complex + cationic part: dye

A specific description will now be given for the organic dye material described in "5-1) Explanation about the characteristics of the "L-H" recording film in the embodiment", which satisfies the requirements in "5-2) about the The conditions shown in "L-H" recording film light absorption spectrum characteristics" in the example. The thickness of the recording layer 3-2 satisfies the conditions shown in formulas (3), (4), (27) and (28), and is formed by spinner coating (spin coating). For comparison, an illustration will now be given by way of example. A "salt" crystal is assembled between a positively charged "sodium ion" and a negatively charged "chloride ion" by means of an "ionic bond". Similarly, also in polymers, there is a case where a plurality of polymers are combined with each other in a form close to "ionic bond" to form a material constituting one organic dye. The organic dye recording film 3-2 in this embodiment includes a positive charge "cation portion" and a negative charge "anion portion". Specifically, the above-mentioned recording film is technically characterized in that bonding is improved by using a "dye" having chromogenic properties for a positively charged "cationic part" and an organometallic complex for a negatively charged "anionic part". Stability; and satisfy a condition shown in "3-2-B] Basic features shared by the organic dye recording materials in this embodiment", that is, "δ] The electronic structure in the color-emitting region is stable, and hardly appears Structural breakdown associated with exposure to ultraviolet or reproduced light". Specifically, in this example, an "azometal complex" whose general structural formula is shown in FIG. 2 was utilized as the organometallic complex. In this embodiment it includes a combination of an anionic part and a cationic part, and cobalt or nickel is used as the central metal M of this azo-based metal complex, thereby enhancing optical stability. Among them may be used: scandium, yttrium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, Gold, zinc, cadmium, or mercury, etc., and the use of others is not limited.

In this embodiment, as the dye for the cationic portion, any of the cyanine dyes of the general structural formula shown in Fig. 13; a styryl dye; and a monomethine cyanine dye were used therein.

Although an azo metal complex is used for the anion moiety in this embodiment, for example a formazan metal complex may be used, without being limited thereto. First, an organic dye recording material including an anionic part and a cationic part is powdered. In the case of forming the recording layer 3-2, the powder-formed organic dye recording material is dissolved in an organic solvent and spin-coated on the transparent substrate 2-2. At this time, organic solvents to be used include: fluoroethanol-based TFP (tetrafluoropropanol) or pentane; hexane; cyclohexane; petroleum ether; ether or the like, nitrile or the like, and nitro compounds or Any one of the sulfur-containing mixtures, or a combination thereof.

Chapter 6: Description related to pregroove shape/prepit shape in spin-coating type organic dye recording film and on light reflection layer interface

6-1) Light reflection layer

As described in "Chapter 0: Explanation of the relationship between the wavelength used and the present embodiment", the present embodiment assumes a range of 355 nm to 455 nm, particularly around 405 nm. When metal materials each having a high light reflection coefficient in the wavelength bandwidth are arranged in order from the highest light reflection coefficient, the light reflection coefficient of Ag is about 96%; the light reflection coefficient of Al is about 80%; and Rh The light reflectance is about 80%. In a write-once type information storage medium using an organic dye recording material, as shown in FIG. 1B, reflected light from the light reflection layer 4-2 is standard, and therefore, the light reflection layer 4-2 requires a high light reflection coefficient. characteristic. In particular, in the case of the "H-L" recording film according to this embodiment, the light reflectance of the unrecorded area is low. Therefore, if the light reflectance in the light reflection layer 4-2 is low, especially, the reproduction signal C/N ratio from the pre-pit (emboss) is low, there is a lack of stability in reproduction. Therefore, specifically, the light reflection coefficient in the light reflection layer 4-2 simply needs to be high. Therefore, in the present embodiment, in the above wavelength bandwidth, a material mainly composed of Ag (silver) having the highest light reflection coefficient is used. As for the material of the light reflection layer 4-2, if silver is used alone, there will be a problem that "atoms are easy to move" or "corrosion is easy to occur". In order to solve the first problem, when a partial alloy configuration is performed by adding other atoms, it is difficult for silver atoms to move. In the first embodiment in which other atoms are added, the light reflection layer 4-2 is composed of AgNdCu according to the first embodiment. AgNdCu is in a solid soluble state, so the light reflectance is slightly lower than that of silver alone. In the second embodiment in which other atoms are added, the light reflection layer 4-2 is composed of AgPd, and the potential is changed so that corrosion hardly occurs electrochemically. If the light reflection layer 4-2 corrodes due to silver oxidation or the like, the light reflection coefficient is lowered. In the organic dye recording film having the recording film structure shown in FIG. 1B, particularly, in the case of the organic dye recording film described in "Chapter 3: Description of Organic Dye Recording Film Characteristics in this Example", In particular, the light reflectance at the interface between the recording layer 3-2 and the light reflective layer 4-2 is important. If corrosion occurs on this interface, the light reflectance decreases and the shape of the optical interface becomes blurred. In addition, the detection signal characteristics from the track shift detection signal (push-pull signal) or wobble signal and the pre-pit (emboss) area are degraded. In addition, in the case where the width Wg of the pre-groove region 11 is wider than the width W1 of the land region, a track shift detection signal (push-pull signal) or a wobble signal is hardly generated, and therefore, due to corrosion, the recording is enhanced. The influence of the degradation of the light reflection coefficient on the interface between the layer 3-2 and the light reflection layer 4-2. In order to prevent degradation of the light reflection coefficient on this interface, AgBi is used for the light reflection layer 4-2 as the third embodiment. Since a passive coating film is formed on the surface (the interface between the recording layer 3-2 and the light reflection layer 4-2), AgBi forms a very stable phase and prevents degradation of the light reflection coefficient on the above interface. That is, when a small amount of Bi (bismuth) is added to Ag, Bi is isolated from the above interface, and the isolated Bi is oxidized. Thereafter, a very fine film called bismuth oxide (passive coating film) is formed to prevent internal oxidation. The passive coating film forms on the interface and forms a very stable phase. Therefore, degradation of light reflectance does not occur, and stability of detection signal characteristics from track shift detection signal (push-pull signal) or wobble signal and pre-pit (emboss) area can be secured over a long period of time . In a wavelength band ranging from 355nm to 455nm, single silver has the highest light reflection coefficient, and when the addition amount of other atoms increases, the light reflection coefficient decreases. Therefore, it is desirable that the addition amount of Bi atoms in AgBi in this embodiment is equal to or less than 5 at %. The unit at% used here represents an atomic percent, and indicates, for example, that 5 Bi atoms exist in AgBi whose total atomic number is 100. When the characteristics were evaluated by actually producing a passive coating film, it was found that a passive coating film could be produced as long as the Bi atom was added in an amount equal to or greater than 0.5 at %. Based on the results of the above evaluation, the addition amount of Bi atoms in the light reflection layer 4-2 in this embodiment was limited to 1 at%. In this third embodiment, only one Bi atom is added, and compared with AgNdCu according to the first embodiment (in the case where two kinds of atoms Nd and Cu are added to Ag), the amount of atoms added can be reduced, and AgBi Compared with AgNdCu, it can significantly improve the light reflection coefficient. As a result, even in the case of the "H-L" recording film according to the present embodiment or in the case where the width Wg of the pregroove region 11 is wider than the width Wl of the land region as shown in FIGS. A detection signal is stably obtained from a track shift detection signal (push-pull signal) or a wobble signal and a pre-pit (emboss) area. The third embodiment is not limited to AgBi, and a ternary system including AgMg, AgNi, AgGa, AgNx, AgCo, AgAl, or the previously described atoms can be used as silver allowing the generation of a passive coating film. The thickness of the light reflection layer 4-2 is set in the range of 5 nm to 200 nm. If the thickness is less than 5 nm, the light reflection layer 4-2 is not uniform and is formed in a land shape. Therefore, the thickness of the light reflection layer 4-2 was set to 5 nm. When the thickness of the AgBi film is equal to or less than 80 nm, the film penetrates to the back thereof. Therefore, in the case of forming a single recording layer on one side, the thickness is set to be 80 nm to 200 nm, preferably, the thickness ranges from 100 nm to 150 nm. In the case of forming a two-layer recording layer on one side, the thickness ranges from 5 nm to 15 nm.

6-2) Explanation related to shape of pre-pit in coating type organic dye recording film and on interface of light reflection layer

In the H format according to the present embodiment, a system lead-in area SYLDI is provided. In this area, an embossed area 211 is provided, and information is recorded in pre-pits in advance. The reproduced signal in this area is adjusted to conform to the characteristics of the reproduced signal from the read-only type information storage medium, and the signal processor circuit in the information reproducing device or the information recording/reproducing device shown in FIG. The storage medium is compatible with a write-once type information storage medium. The definition related to the signal detected from this area is adjusted so as to conform to the definition of "HL" characteristic description of the recording film" in "3-4) related to the present invention. That is, the reproduced signal amount from a blank area having a sufficiently large length (11T) is defined as I _11H , and the reproduced signal amount from a pre-pit (emboss) area having a sufficiently large length (11T) is defined as I _11L . In addition, the difference between these quantities is defined as I ₁₁ =I _11H -I _11L . In this embodiment, according to the characteristics of the reproduced signal from the read-only information storage medium, the reproduced signal in this area is set as:

I ₁₁ /I _11H ≥ 0.3 (54)

and, desirably, is set to

I ₁₁ /I _11H >0.5 (55)

When the repetitive signal amplitude of the blank area associated with a pre-pit (emboss) area with a length of 2t is defined as _I2 , the amplitude is set as:

I ₂ /I ₁₁ ≥0.5 (56)

and, desirably, is set to

I ₂ /I ₁₁ >0.7 (57)

The physical conditions satisfying the above formula (54) or formula (55) will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the signal characteristics from the pre-pit mainly depend on the reflectance of the light reflection layer 4-2. Therefore, the reproduced signal amplitude value I ₁₁ is determined according to the step amount Hpr between the blank area 14 and the pre-pit (emboss) area 13 in the light reflection layer 4-2. When the optical approximation is performed, the step amount has the following relationship with respect to the reproduction light wavelength λ and the refractive index n ₃₂ in the recording layer 3-2:

I ₁₁ ∝ sin ² {(2π×Hpr×n ₃₂ )/λ} (58)

时I₁₁变得最大。为了符合公式(54)或公式(55)，根据公式(58)，必须符合：It is found from formula (58) that when

When I ₁₁ becomes the maximum. To comply with Equation (54) or Equation (55), according to Equation (58), one must comply with:

Hpr≥λ/(12×n ₃₂ ) (59)

and expect that,

Hpr>λ/(6×n ₃₂ ) (60)

As described in "Chapter 0: Explanation of the relationship between the wavelength used and this embodiment", λ = 355nm to 455nm is used in this embodiment, and as in "2-1) Differences in recording/recording film principle and about Differences in Basic Concepts of Generation of Reproduced Signals", establish n ₃₂ =1.4 to 1.9. Therefore, when this value is substituted into Equation (59) or Equation (60), a step is generated to meet the condition:

Hpr≥15.6nm (62)

and expect that,

Hpr＞31.1nm (63)

In the conventional write-once type information storage medium, the thickness of the recording layer 3-2 is small in the blank area 14, and therefore, the step on the interface between the light reflection layer 4-2 and the recording layer 3-2 is small , and formula (62) is not successfully satisfied. On the contrary, in the present embodiment, such an invention is made that the difference between the thickness Dg of the recording layer 3-2 in the pre-pit (emboss) area 13 and the thickness D1 of the recording layer 3-2 in the space area 14 is ensured. The relationship among is in accordance with the conditions described in "3-2-E] Basic Features Involving the Thickness Distribution of the Recording Layer in the Present Embodiment Defined for Parameters". As a result, a sufficiently large step Hpr that complies with equation (62) or equation (63) is successfully provided.

By performing the optical approximation discussion as described above, in the present embodiment, in order to have a sufficient resolution of the reproduced signal so as to comply with the formula (56) or the formula (57), an invention is made that the pre-pit (emboss ) area 13 has a width Wg equal to or less than half the track pitch, and reproduced signals from the pre-pit (emboss) area 13 can be taken in large quantities.

Chapter 7: Description of H Format

Now, the H format in this embodiment will be explained here.

Fig. 14 shows the structure and dimensions of the information storage medium in this embodiment. For the embodiments, three embodiments of information storage media are precisely shown, such as:

"Read-only information storage media" intended exclusively for reproduction and not capable of recording:

A "write-once information storage medium" capable of additional recording; and

"Rewritable information storage medium" capable of rewriting or recording any number of times

As shown in FIG. 14, the three information storage media are common to each other in most structures and sizes. In all three information storage media, the programming area BCA, the system lead-in area SYLDI, the connection area CNA, the data lead-in area DTLDI, and the data area DTA are arranged from the inner circumference side. All media except the OPT type read-only media are characterized in that the data lead-out area DTLDO is arranged on the outer circumference. As will be described later, in the OPT type read-only medium, the middle areas MDA are arranged on the outer circumference. In either of the write-once type and rewritable type media, the inner side of this area is for read-only (additional write disabled). In the read-only type information storage medium, information is recorded in the data lead-in area DTLDI in the form of embosses (pre-pit). In contrast, in the write-once type and rewritable type media, by additionally forming recording marks in the data lead-in area DTLDI, information can be additionally written (rewritable in the rewritable type) . As will be described later, in the write-once type and rewritable type information storage media, in the data lead-out area DTLDO, an area where additional writing (rewritable in the rewritable type) can be performed and embossed ( A read-only area in which information is recorded in the form of pre-pit) coexists. As described above, in the data area DTA, data lead-in area DTLDI, data lead-out area DTLDO, and middle area MDA shown in FIG. , can realize high-density information storage medium (in particular, increase line density). In addition, in the system lead-in area SYLDI and the system lead-out area SYLDO, by using a slice level detection system for reproducing signals recorded therein, compatibility with current DVDs is achieved and stability of reproduction is improved.

Different from the current DVD specification, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the recording area BCA and the system lead-in area SYLDI are located apart from each other and do not overlap each other. These areas are physically separated from each other, so that information recorded in the system lead-in area SYLDI and information recorded in the burning area BCA can be prevented from interfering with each other at the time of information reproduction, and information reproduction can be distributed with high accuracy.

The internal signal characteristics and data structure of the programming area BCA shown in FIG. 14 will now be described. When measuring the BCA signal, the focus of the laser beam emitted from the optical head needs to be focused on the recording layer. The reproduced signal obtained in the lower programming area BCA is filtered through a second-stage low-pass container filter with a cutoff frequency of 550 kHz. From the center of the information storage medium, the following signal characteristics of the burning area BCA are defined within a radius of 22.4 mm to 23.0 mm. As far as the reproduced signal from the burned BCA is concerned, the maximum and minimum levels when the BCA code and the channel bit are set to "0" are defined as I _BHmax and I _BHmin ; and the BCA code and the channel bit "1" The maximum end level is defined as I _BLmax . Also, the middle level is defined as (I _BHmin +I _BLmax )/2.

In the present embodiment, the detection signal characteristics are defined under the condition that (I _BLmax /I _BHmin ) is 0.8 or less and under the condition that (I _BHmax /I _BHmin ) is 1.4 or less. Although the average level between _IBL and _IBH is defined as the reference, the location where the BCA signal crosses the reference location is considered the edge location. When the rotation speed is set to 2760 rpm (46.0 Hz), the period of the BCA signal is defined. The period between start edges (falling positions) is 4.63×n±1.00 μs, and the pulse position width at the position where the light amount is low (interval from the first falling position to the next falling position) is defined as 1.56±0.75 μs.

The BCA code is usually recorded after the manufacture of the information storage medium is terminated. However, the BCA code may be recorded as pre-pits in advance. The BCA code is recorded along the circumferential direction of the information storage medium. This BCA code is also recorded so that the direction in which the pulse width is narrowed coincides with the direction in which the light reflectance is lowered. Recording is performed after modulating the BCA code according to the RZ modulation method. A pulse with a narrow pulse width (equal to having a low reflectivity) needs to be narrower than half the channel clock width of the BCA code thus modulated.

Fig. 28 shows the BCA data structure. The BCA data includes two BCA preambles 73 and 74, two postambles 76 and 77, and two BCA data areas BCAA. A BCA error detection code EDC _BCA and a BCA error correction code ECC _BCA are added to each of the BCA data areas BCAA, with a BCA connection area 75 allocated between the two areas. In addition, a synchronization byte SB _BCA or a resynchronization RS _BCA of each byte is inserted on a basis of every four bytes. Each of the above-mentioned BCA preambles 73 and 74 includes 4 bytes, and all settings "00h" are recorded. Furthermore, a sync byte SB _BCA is assigned immediately before each BCA preamble 73 and 74 . In the BCA data area BCAA, 76 bytes are set. Each of the BCA postambles 76 and 77 consists of 4 bytes, and all repeated patterns of setting "55h" are recorded. The BCA connection area 75 includes 4 bytes, and all settings "AAh" are repeatedly recorded. Each of Figs. 29A to 29G shows an example of the contents of BCA information recorded in the BCA data area BCAA. The BCA data area BCAA is capable of recording 76 bytes of information, and records data in units of BCA recording units BCAU. Information recorded in this BCA record unit BCAU is called a BCA record. The size of each BCA record is an integer multiple of four bytes. As shown in Figure 29C, in each BCA record, there are sequentially recorded: BCA record ID 61 consisting of 2 bytes; version number information 62 consisting of 1 byte; data length information of record data consisting of 1 byte 63; and a data record of 4m bytes (record data 64). The ID set as BCA record ID 61 is allocated from 0000h to 7FFFFh according to the commonly accepted usage method, and from 8000h to FFFFh according to the individual usage method. The version number information 62 consisting of 1 byte is divided into a major number 71 of 4 significant bits and a subnumber 72 of 4 least significant bits. The first integer digit of the version number is recorded in the main number 71, and the first digit of the version number after the decimal point is recorded in the subnumber 72. For example, in the case of the version number "2.4", the number "2" is recorded in the main number 71 field, and the number "4" is recorded in the sub number 72 field.

In the H format according to the present embodiment, HD_DVD standard type identification information 80 is recorded in the BCA record, as shown in FIG. 29E. In particular, for the information content, as shown in FIG. 29F, it records: BCA record ID 81, version number information 82 and record data length information 83. In addition, standard type information 84 composed of 4 bits; disc type information 85 composed of 4 bits; extension version information 86 (1 byte); and reserved area 87 (2 bytes) are also recorded. Recording mark polarity (identification of "H-L" or "L-H") information 88 is allocated in the first significant 1 bit in the disc type information 85 , and the remaining 3 bits are allocated to the reserved area 89 .

The following structure can be provided as another example of the data structure shown in FIGS. 29A to 29G . That is, the BCA record (8 bytes) recorded in the BCA record unit BCAU#1 shown in FIG. 29B can contain items of the following information in the following order:

1) 2-byte "BCA record ID" as HD DVD book type identifier;

2) 1-byte "version number" indicating the version number;

3) 1-byte "data length" indicating the data length

4) 1 byte "book type and disc type" indicating the book type and disc type;

5) 1 byte "extended part version" indicating the extended part version;

6) Reserved 2 bytes.

Here, "disc type" included in the above "book type and disc type" is configured so that "mark polarity" and "twin format flag" can be described. The "mark polarity" described in this "disc type" is provided as information corresponding to the previously described "recording mark polarity information 88". When "mark polarity = 0b" it means "low to high disc" characterized by "signal from marker greater than signal from space", when "mark polarity = 1b" it means "from marker The signal is less than the signal from the interval" for "high-to-low disk".

On the other hand, "twin format flag" described in "disc type" is provided as information indicating whether the disc is a twin format disc. "Twin format flag = 0b" indicates that the disc is not a twin format disc, and "twin format flag = 1b" indicates that the disc is a twin format disc. A "twin format disc" described herein is a disc characterized in that the disc has two recording/reproduction layers of different formats (other formats defined in the DVD Forum) depending on the application of the recording/reproducing layer. This "twin format flag" is provided as a BCA record, so that among each multi-layer HDDVD-R (High Definition DVD Recordable) disc, it is possible to easily distinguish whether the disc is a single-format disc or a multi-format disc.

As shown in FIG. 28, the same information as those contained in the BCA data area BCAA surrounded by the BCA preamble 73 and the BCA postamble 76 is described in the area surrounded by the BCA preamble 74 and the BCA postamble 77. in the BCA data area BCAA. In this way, the same information is multiplexed into a plurality of BCA data areas BCAA. Therefore, even when one data item cannot be reproduced due to the influence of dust or scratches formed on the surface of the information storage medium, data can be reproduced from the other BCA data area BCAA. Therefore, the reliability of data recorded in the BCA data area BCAA is remarkably improved.

In addition, in the BCA data structure shown in FIG. 28 , in addition to the conventionally existing BCA error detection code EDC _BCA , there is also a BCA error correction code ECC _BCA . Therefore, even if an error occurs in the data contained in the BCA data area BCAA, such error can be corrected by the BCA error correction code ECC _BCA , and the reliability is further improved.

In the case where the "L-H" type recording film has been used as another embodiment, there is a method of preliminarily forming precise irregularities in the positions where the burning area BCA is allocated.

As will be described later, this embodiment also considers the case of using "L-H" recording films. The data recorded in the burn-in area BCA (barcode data) is formed by locally irradiating the recording film with laser light. The system lead-in area SYLDI is formed by the convexo-concave area, and therefore, the reproduced signal from the system lead-in area SYLDI appears in a direction in which the amount of light reflection decreases compared with the level of light reflection from the mirror surface. If the burning area BCA is formed as a mirror surface, then in the case of using the "L-H" recording film, the reproduced signal from the data recorded in the burning area BCA is along (in the unrecorded state) reflected with the light from the mirror surface. The level appears in the direction in which the amount of light reflection increases. As a result, significant steps appear at the positions (amplitude levels) of the maximum and minimum levels of the reproduced signal from the data recorded in the burning area BCA, and at the maximum and minimum levels of the reproduced signal from the system lead-in area SYLDI. between the positions of the levels (amplitude levels). An information reproducing device or an information recording/reproducing device processes according to the following steps:

1) reproduce the information in the programming area BCA;

2) Reproducing the information contained in the information data zone CDZ in the system lead-in area SYLDI;

3) Reproducing the information contained in the data lead-in area DTLDI (in the case of write-once type or rewritable type);

4) Readjust (optimize) the reproduction circuit constants in the reference code recording zone RCZ; and

5) The information recorded in the data area DTA is reproduced or new information is recorded.

Therefore, if there is a large step between the amplitude level of the reproduced signal formed in the recording area BCA and the reproduced signal amplitude level from the system lead-in area SYLDI, there occurs a problem that the reliability of information reproduction is lowered. In order to solve this problem, in the case where an "L-H" recording film is used as the recording film, this embodiment is characterized in that precise irregularities are formed in advance in such a burning area BCA. When such precise irregularities are formed, before data (barcode data) is recorded by partial laser irradiation, the light reflection level becomes lower than that from the mirror surface due to the effect of light interference. Thereafter, such an advantageous effect is realized that between the amplitude level (detection level) of the reproduced signal from the recording area BCA and the amplitude level (detection level) of the reproduced signal from the system lead-in area SYLDI The steps are remarkably reduced; the reliability of information reproduction is improved; and the processing from the above-mentioned item (1) to item (2) is facilitated.

In the case of using the "L-H" recording film, details of the precise irregularities preformed in the burning area BCA include the convexo-concave area 211 similar to the system lead-in area SYLDI. Another embodiment includes a method for forming the groove area 214 or the land area and the groove area 213 similar to the data lead-in area DTLDI or the data area DTA. As in the description of the embodiment in which the system lead-in area SYSDI and the programming area BCA are arranged separately, if the programming area BCA and the convex-concave area 211 overlap each other, unnecessary interference to the reproduced signal will cause The noise component of the data in the area BCA increases.

When the groove area 214 or the land area and the groove area 213 are formed without forming the embossed area 211 as an example of the precise irregularity of the burn area BCA, such an advantageous effect is achieved that, due to the influence on the reproduced signal Unnecessary disturbance results in a reduction in noise components from data formed in the burning area BCA, and an improvement in reproduced signal quality.

When the track pitch of the groove area 214 or the land area and the groove area 213 formed in the programming area BCA is adjusted to conform to the track pitch of the system lead-in area SYLDI, such beneficial effects are achieved, that is, information storage Manufacturability of the media is improved. That is, when manufacturing an original master of an information storage medium, the unevenness in the system lead-in area is made while the speed of the feeding electrode is constant. At this time, the track pitch of the groove area 214 or the land area and the groove area 213 formed in the programming area BCA is adjusted to meet the track pitch of the system lead-in area SYLDI, so that the system can be neutralized in the programming area BCA. A constant motor speed is continuously maintained in the lead-in area SYLDI. Therefore, there is no need to change the speed in the middle of the feed motor, and therefore, pitch unevenness hardly occurs, and the manufacturability of the information storage medium is improved.

A rewritable type information storage medium has a higher recording capacity than a read-only or write-once type information storage medium by narrowing track pitch and line density (data bit length). As will be described later, in a rewritable type information storage medium, the track pitch is narrowed by employing land-groove recording to reduce the influence of crosstalk of adjacent tracks. Optionally, any one of the read-only information storage medium, the write-once information storage medium, and the rewritable information storage medium is characterized in that the data bit length and track The pitch (corresponding to the recording density) is larger than the data bit length and the track pitch of the (lower recording density) data lead-in area DTLDI/data lead-out area DTLDO.

The data bit length and track pitch of the system lead-in area SYLDI/system lead-out area SYLDO are close to the values of the current DVD lead-in area, thereby achieving compatibility with the current DVD.

In the present embodiment similar to the current DVD-R, the emboss steps in the system lead-in area SYLDI/system lead-out area SYLDO of the write-once type information storage medium are defined to be shallow. In this way, such an advantageous effect is achieved that the depth of the pre-groove of the write-once type information storage medium is defined to be shallow, and the modulation of the reproduction signal from the recording mark formed on the pre-groove by additional writing is achieved. Level up. On the contrary, as a reaction, there arises a problem that the modulation level of the reproduced signal from the system lead-in area SYLDI/system lead-out area SYLDO is lowered. In order to solve this problem, the data bit length (and track pitch) of the system lead-in area SYLDI/system lead-out area SYLDO becomes rough, and the repetition frequency of pits and spaces at the narrowest position is changed from that of the MTF (modulation transfer function) of the reproduction objective lens to The frequency isolation is optically turned off (significantly lowered therefrom), so that the reproduction signal amplitude from the system lead-in area SYLDI/system lead-out area SYLDO can be increased and reproduction can be stabilized.

As shown in FIGS. 15A to 15D, the initial zone INZ indicates the start position of the system lead-in area SYLDI. For meaningful information recorded in the initial zone INZ, data ID (identification data) information including previously described physical sector number and logical sector number information is discretely arranged. As will be described later, one physical sector records the main data consisting of data ID, IED (ID error detection code), recording user information, and EDC (error detection code) information; and the initial band records the above-mentioned data frame structure information. However, in the initial zone INZ, main data recording user information is all set to "00h", and therefore, meaningful information contained in the initial zone INZ is only data ID information. The current position can be identified from the physical sector number or logical sector number recorded therein. That is, when the information recording/reproducing unit 141 shown in FIG. 8 starts information reproduction from the information storage medium, in the case where the reproduction has started from the information contained in the initial zone INZ, first, the information recorded in the data ID information Physical sector number or logical sector number information is sampled, and the sampled information is moved to the control data zone CDZ while checking the current position in the information storage medium.

Each of the buffer zone 1BFZ1 and the buffer zone 2BFZ2 is composed of 32 ECC blocks. One ECC block corresponds to 1024 physical sectors. In the buffer zone 1BFZ1 and the buffer zone 2BFZ2 similarly transmitted to INZ, the main data information is all set to "00h".

The connection zone CNZ existing in the CNA (Connection Area) is an area for physically separating the system lead-in area SYLDI and the data lead-in area DTLDI from each other. This area is configured as a mirror surface with no bumps or pregrooves on it.

RCZ (Reference Code Zone) in the read-only type information storage medium and the write-once type information storage medium are each an area for reproducing circuit tuning of a reproducing device, in which the data frame structure information described earlier is recorded. The reference code length is one ECC block (=32 sectors). The present embodiment is characterized in that the RCZ (Reference Code Zone) in the read-only type information storage medium and the write-once type information storage medium are each arranged adjacent to the DTA (Data Zone). In either of the structures of the current DVD-ROM disc and the current DVD-R disc, the control data zone is arranged between the reference code zone and the data area, and the reference code zone and the data area are separated from each other. If the reference code zone and the data area are separated from each other, (in the case of a write-once type information storage medium) the amount of inclination or the light reflectance of the information storage medium or the recording sensitivity of the recording film slightly changes. Therefore, there arises a problem that even if the circuit constants of the reproducing device are adjusted, the optimum circuit constants in the data area are distorted. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, when the RCZ (reference code zone) is arranged adjacent to the DTA (data area), in the case where the circuit constants of the information reproduction device have been optimized in the RCZ (reference code zone), use the DTA (data area) The same circuit constant in to maintain the best condition. In the case of trying to accurately reproduce the signal in any position in the DTA (Data Area), the signal at the target position can be reproduced very accurately according to the following steps:

1) Optimizing the circuit constants of the information reproduction device in the RCZ (reference code zone);

2) Optimizing the circuit constants of the information reproducing apparatus again while reproducing a portion close to the reference code zone RCZ in the data area DTA;

3) while reproducing the information on the intermediate position between the target position in the data area DTA and the position optimized in step 2), optimize the circuit constant again; and

4) Reproduce the signal after moving to the target position.

GTZ1 and GTZ2 (Guard Track Zones 1 and 2) existing in the write-once type information storage medium and the rewritable type information storage medium are for specifying the start boundary position of the data lead-in area DTLDI, and the drive test zone DRTZ and The area of the disc test zone borders the DKTZ. These areas are prohibited from recording record marks. Guard track zone 1GTZ1 and guard track zone 2GTZ2 exist in the data lead-in area DTLDI, and therefore, in this area, the write-once type information storage medium is characterized in that a pre-groove area is formed in advance. Alternatively, the rewritable information storage medium is characterized in that a groove area and a land area are formed in advance. In the pre-groove area or the groove area and the land area, wobble addresses are recorded in advance, and thus, the current position in the information storage medium is determined by using these wobble addresses.

The disc test zone DKTZ is an area provided for quality testing (evaluation) by manufacturers of information storage media.

The drive test zone DRTZ is provided as an area for test writing before the information recording/reproducing apparatus records information in the information storage medium. The information recording/reproducing apparatus performs test writing in this area in advance, and identifies optimum recording conditions (writing strategy). Thereafter, the information contained in the data area DTA can be recorded under optimum recording conditions.

The information recorded in the disc identification zone DIZ present in the rewritable type information storage medium is an optional information recording area, that is, an area for additionally writing a set of drive descriptions consisting of: Information of the manufacturer's name of the recording/reproducing device; related additional information; and an area recorded uniquely by the manufacturer.

The defect management area 1DMA1 and the defect management area 2DMA2 existing in the rewritable information storage medium record defect management information contained in the data area DTA and, for example, record replacement position information when a defect occurs or the like.

In the write-once type information storage medium, there are uniquely: RMD duplication zone RDZ; recording management zone RMZ; and R physical information zone R-PFIZ. The recording management zone RMZ records RMD (Recording Management Data), which is an item of management information related to a recording position of data updated by additionally writing data. A detailed description will be given below. As described later in FIGS. 15A , 15B, 15C, and 15D, in the present embodiment, a recording management zone RMZ is set for each bordered area BRDA so that the area of the recording management zone RMZ expands. As a result, even if the required recording management data RMD increases due to an increase in the frequency of additional writing, this increase can be dealt with by continuously extending the recording management zone RMZ, and therefore, an advantageous effect that the amount of additional writing can be significantly increased is achieved . In this case, in this embodiment, the recording management zone RMZ is arranged in the border-in BRDI corresponding to each bordered area BRDA (arranged in purple just before each bordered area BRDA). In this embodiment, the border-in BRDI corresponding to the first border area BRDA#1 and the data lead-in area DTLDI are compatible with each other, and while canceling the formation of the first border-in BRDI in the data area DTA, data is facilitated. Effective use of district DTA. That is, the recording management zone RMZ in the data lead-in area DTA is used as a recording location of the recording management data RDM corresponding to the first bordered area BRDA#1.

As described in the above embodiments, the RMD duplication zone RDZ is a location for information of the recording management data RMD which conforms to the following conditions in the recording management zone RMZ and which can be obtained by providing the recording management data RMD in a duplicated manner. Improve the reliability of record management data RMD. That is, in the case where the recording management data RMD included in the recording management zone RMZ is valid due to dust or scratches on the surface of the write-once information storage medium, the recording management data RMD is reproduced, and the data is recorded in the RMD. Duplicated with RDZ. Furthermore, by tracing and acquiring the remaining necessary information, the information of the last recording management data RMD can be restored.

This RMD duplication tape records recording management data RDM when the border(s) are closed. As described below, a new recording management zone RMZ is defined every time a border zone is closed and a next new border zone is set. Therefore, every time a new recording management zone RMZ is created, the last recording management data RMD related to the previous border zone can be recorded in this RMD duplication zone RDZ. When the same information is recorded in the RMD duplication zone RDZ every time the recording management data RMD is additionally recorded on the write-once information storage medium, the RMD duplication zone RDZ becomes full at a relatively small amount of additional recording. Therefore, The upper limit value of the additional writing amount becomes smaller. On the contrary, in the present embodiment, in the case where a recording management zone is regenerated when a boundary is closed, the recording management zone in the boundary-in BRDI becomes full, and by using the R zone to form a new recording management zone RMZ, realized Such an advantageous effect that only the last recording management data RMD contained in the past recording management zone RMZ is recorded in the RMD duplication zone RDZ, thereby enabling to improve the amount of additional writing by effectively using the RMD duplication zone RDZ.

For example, the recording management data contained in the recording management zone RMZ corresponding to the border area BRDA in the additional writing process (before closing) cannot be reproduced due to dust and scratches on the film of the write-once type information storage medium In the case of the RMD, the position of the closed border area BRDA can be identified by reading the recording management data RMD last recorded in the RMD duplication zone RDZ. Therefore, by tracing another position in the data area DTA of the information storage medium, the position of the bordered area BRDA during the additional writing (before closing) and the content of the information recorded therein can be acquired, and the last The Record Management Data RMD information.

The R physical information zone R-PFIZ records information similar to the physical format PFI contained in the control data zone CDZ (described in detail below).

FIG. 15C shows the data structure in the RMD duplication zone RDZ and recording management zone RMZ existing in the write-once type information storage medium. FIG. 15B shows an enlarged schematic view of the RMD duplication zone RDZ and recording management zone RMZ. As described above, in the recording management zone RMZ included in the data lead-in area DTLDI, data related to recording management corresponding to the first bordered area BRDA is collectively recorded in one item of recording management data (RMD), respectively; and New recording management data RMD is sequentially additionally written on the back side every time the content of the recording management data RMD generated when the additional writing process is performed in the write-once information storage medium is updated. That is, RMD (recording management data) is recorded in a unit of capacity of a single physical segment block (physical segment block will be described below), and new recording management data RMD is sequentially additionally written whenever data content is updated. In the example shown in FIG. 15B, as the recording management data RMD#1 and RMD#2 are recorded, a change occurs in the management data in the location. Therefore, the figure shows an example in which data after change (after update) has been recorded as recording management data RMD#3 immediately after recording management data RMD#2. Therefore, in the recording management zone RMD, there is a reserved area 273, which has been further additionally written.

Although FIG. 15B shows the structure in which the recording management zone RMZ appears in the data lead-in area DTLDI, the recording management zone RMZ (or extended recording management zone: called The structure in the expanded RMZ) is also the same as that shown in FIG. 15B, but is not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, in the case where the first border area BRDA#1 is closed, or in the case where the termination process is performed on the data area DTA, filling of all reserved areas shown in FIG. 15B with the latest recording management data RMD duplication tape is performed. 273 processing operation. In this way, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

1) The "unrecorded" reserved area 273 is eliminated and the stability of the tracking correction due to the DPD (Differential Phase Detection) technique is ensured;

2) Overwrite the newest recording management data RMD in the past reserved area 273, thereby remarkably improving reliability at the time of reproduction with respect to the latest recording management data RMD; and

3) An event that a different item of recording management data RMD is erroneously recorded in the unrecorded reserved area 273 can be prevented.

The processing method described above is not limited to the recording management zone RMZ contained in the data lead-in area DTLDI. In this embodiment, as for the recording management zone RMZ (or extended recording management zone: referred to as extended RMZ) existing in the border-in BRDI or bordered area BRDA described later, in the corresponding bordered area BRDA is In the case of closing, or in the case of termination processing (completion) of the data area DTA, a processing operation of filling the entire reserved area 273 shown in FIG. 15B with the latest recording management data RMD is performed.

The RMD duplication zone RDZ is divided into an RDZ lead-in area RDZLI and a recording area 271 of the corresponding RMZ's unrecorded management data RMD duplication zone RDZ. The RDZ lead-in area RDZLI is composed of a system reserved field SRSF with a data size of 48KB and a unique ID field UIDF with a data size of 16KB, as shown in FIG. 15B . All are set to "00h" in the system reserved field SRSF.

The present embodiment is characterized in that the RDZ lead-in area RDZLI is recorded in the additionally writable data lead-in area DTLDI. In the write-once type information storage medium according to the present embodiment, immediately after manufacture, the medium is shipped with the RDZ lead-in area RDZLI in an unrecorded state. In the user's information recording/reproducing apparatus, at the stage of using the write-once type information storage medium, RDZ lead-in area RDZLI information is recorded. Therefore, it is judged whether information is recorded in the RDZ lead-in area RDZLI immediately after the write-once information storage medium is mounted in the information recording/reproducing apparatus, so that it can be easily known whether the target write-once information storage medium is in The state immediately after manufacture/shipment has also been used at least once. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 15A to 15D, the second feature of this embodiment is that the RMD duplication zone RDZ is provided on the inner circumference side of the recording management zone RMZ corresponding to the first border area BRDA, and the RDZ lead-in zone RDZLI is arranged in the RMD. Duplicated with RDZ.

Use efficiency of information acquisition is improved by arranging information (RDZ lead-in area RDZLI) representing write-once type information storage in RMD duplication zone RDZ for common use (improving reliability of RMD) Whether the media is in the condition immediately after manufacture/shipment or has been used at least once. In addition, the RDZ lead-in area RDZLI is arranged on the inner circumference side of the recording management zone RMZ, so that the time for acquiring necessary information can be reduced. When the information storage medium is installed in the information recording/reproducing device, the information recording/reproducing device starts to reproduce from the burning area BCA arranged on the innermost circumference side, as shown in FIG. Simultaneously on the circumferential side, the reproduction position is sequentially changed from the system lead-in area SYLDI to the data lead-in area DTLDI. It is judged whether information has been recorded in the RDZ lead-in area RDZLI included in the RMD duplication zone RDZ. In a write-once type information storage medium that is not recorded immediately after shipment, recording management data RMD is not recorded in the recording management zone RMZ. Therefore, in the case where information is not recorded in the RDZ lead-in area RDZLI, it is determined that the medium is "unused after shipment", and reproduction of this recording management zone RMD can be canceled, and the time to acquire necessary information can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 15C, the unique ID field UIDF records information related to the information recording/reproducing device for the write-once type information storage medium which is used for the first time after shipment (ie, recording has been started for the first time). That is, the area records the drive manufacturer ID 281 of the information recording/reproducing device or the serial number 283 and model 285 of the information recording/reproducing device. The unique ID field UIDF repeatedly records the same information of 2KB (strictly speaking, 2048 bytes) shown in FIG. 15C. When using the storage medium for the first time (having started recording for the first time), the information contained in the unique disc ID 287 recorded year information 293, month information 294, day information 295, hour information 296, minute information 297, and seconds Information 298. As shown in FIG. 15D, the data type of each item of information is described in HEX, BIN, and ASCII, and two bytes or four bytes are used.

The present embodiment is characterized in that the area size of the RDZ lead-in area RDZLI and the size of one recording management data RMD are 64 KB, that is, the size of user data in one ECC block becomes an integer multiple. In a write-once type information storage medium, a processing operation of rewriting ECC block data cannot be performed after a part of data contained in one ECC block is changed in the information storage medium. Therefore, especially in the case of a write-once type information storage medium, as described later, data is recorded in a recording cluster unit composed of an integer multiple of data segments including one ECC block. Therefore, the area size of the RDZ lead-in area RDZLI and the size of such an item of recording management data RMD are different from the user data size in the ECC block, a padding area adjusted for recording cluster units is required, and actual recording efficiency is lowered. With the present embodiment, the area size of the RDZ lead-in area RDZLI and the size of such an item of recording management data RMD are set to an integer multiple of 64 KB, so that recording efficiency can be reduced.

The last recording management data RMD recording area 271 of the corresponding RMZ shown in FIG. 15B will be described below. As described in Japanese Patent No. 2621459, there is a method for recording interruption information when recording inside the lead-in area is interrupted. In this case, whenever recording is interrupted or whenever another writing process is performed, interrupt information (recording management data RMD in this embodiment) must be continuously additionally written in this area. Therefore, if such recording interruption or additional writing processing is frequently repeated, there is a problem that the area becomes full at once and further additional processing cannot be performed. In order to solve this problem, the present embodiment is characterized in that the RMD duplication zone RDZ is set as an area capable of recording updated recording management data RMD that is recorded only when a specific condition is satisfied and in such a specific condition. The downsampled recording management data RMD is updated. Therefore, there is achieved such an advantageous effect that by reducing the frequency of recording additionally written recording management data RMD in the RMD duplication zone RDZ, the RMD duplication zone RDZ can be prevented from becoming full, and the write-once type information storage can be remarkably improved. The additional write count of the media. Simultaneously with this effect, updated recording management data is successively additionally written in the recording management zone RMZ in the border-in zone BRDI shown in FIG. 15A (for the first bordered zone # 1, in the data lead-in area DTLDI shown in FIG. 15A), or in the recording management zone RMZ using the R zone described below. When creating a new recording management zone RMZ, for example, when creating the next border area BRDA (setting a new border-inner area BRDI) or when setting a new recording management zone RMZ within the R zone, the previous recording management data The RMD (the latest RMD in the state before the creation of the new recording management zone RMZ) is recorded in (corresponding to the previous recording management data RMD recording area 271) contained in the RMD duplication zone RDZ. Thus, there is achieved the advantageous effect of assisting the retrieval of the latest RMD position by utilizing this area, in addition to significantly increasing the amount of additional writing for the write-once type information storage medium.

In any one of read-only type, write-once type, and rewritable type information storage medium, the present embodiment is characterized in that the system lead-in area is arranged while the data lead-in area is sandwiched between two areas On the opposite side of the data area, furthermore, as shown in FIG. 14, the programming area BCA and the data lead-in area DTLDI are arranged on opposite sides to each other, while the system lead-in area SYSDI is sandwiched between the two areas. When the information storage medium is inserted into the information reproducing device or the information recording/reproducing device shown in FIG. 8, the information reproducing device or the information recording/reproducing device performs processing according to the following steps:

1) reproduce the information contained in the programming area BCA;

2) Reproducing the information contained in the information data zone CDZ contained in the system lead-in area SYLDI;

3) Reproducing the information contained in the data lead-in area DTLDI (in the case of write-once or rewritable media);

4) readjust (optimize) the circuit constants in the reference code zone RCZ; and

5) The information recorded in the data area DTA is reproduced, or new information is recorded.

Information is sequentially arranged from the inner circumference side in accordance with the above processing steps, therefore, processing for accessing unnecessary inner circumferences is canceled, the number of accesses is reduced, and the data area DTA can be accessed. Therefore, there is achieved an advantageous effect that the start time of reproducing information recorded in the data area or recording new information is accelerated. In addition, the PRML is used for signal reproduction in the data lead-in area DTDLI and the data area DTA by using the slice level detection system for signal reproduction in the system lead-in area SYLDI. Therefore, if the data lead-in area DTDLI and the data area DTA are adjacent to each other, in the case of sequentially performing reproduction from the inner peripheral side, between the system lead-in area SYLDI and the data lead-in area DTLDI, the slice level detection circuit is passed only once. By switching to the PRML detector circuit, the signal can be reproduced continuously and stably. Therefore, the number of reproduction circuit switching in accordance with reproduction steps is small, thereby simplifying process control and speeding up the reproduction start time in the data area.

In the read-only information storage medium, each data recorded in the data lead-out area DTLDO and the system lead-out area SYLDO has the same structure as that in the buffer zone 1BFZ1 and the buffer zone 2BFZ2, and all of the main data contained therein The value is set to "00h". In the read-only type information storage medium, the user data pre-recorded area 201 can be completely used in the data area DTA. However, as described later, in either of the embodiments of the write-once type information storage medium and the rewritable type information storage medium, the user rewrite/additional writable range 202 to 205 is narrower than the data area DTA.

In the write-once type information storage medium and the rewritable type information storage medium, an SPA (spare area) is provided on the outermost circumference of the data area DTA. In the case of an overwrite defect in the data area DTA, replacement processing is performed by using the spare area SPA. In the case of a rewritable type information storage medium, substitute history information (defect management information) is recorded in defect management area 1 (DMA1) and defect management area 2 (DMA2); and defect management area 3 (DMA3) and defect Management Area 4 (DMA4). The content of defect management information recorded in defect management area 3 (DMA3) and defect management area 4 (DMA4) is the same as the content of defect management information recorded in defect management area 1 (DMA1) and defect management area 2 (DMA2) same. In the case of a write-once type information storage medium, replacement history information (defect management information) in the case where replacement processing has been performed is recorded in the data lead-in area DTLDI, and in the recording management zone existing in the border zone Replication information of recorded content is in C_RMZ. Although defect management is not performed in current DVD-R discs, when the manufacturing volume of DVD-R discs increases, some DVD-R discs with defective locations may be purchased, and it is important to improve the information recorded in the write-once type There is an increasing need for reliability of information in storage media.

The drive test zone DRTZ is arranged as an area for test writing before the information recording/reproducing apparatus records information in the information storage medium. The information recording/reproducing apparatus performs test writing in this area in advance, and identifies optimum recording conditions (writing strategy). Thereafter, the apparatus can record information in the data area DTA under optimum recording conditions.

The disc test zone DKTZ is an area provided to manufacturers of information storage media for quality testing (evaluation).

In the write-once type information storage medium, two drive test zones DRTZ are provided on the inner and outer circumferential sides of the medium. When more test writing operations are performed on the drive test zone DRTZ, the parameters are assigned accurately so that the optimum recording conditions can be retrieved in detail and the recording accuracy in the data area DTA can be improved. The rewritable information storage medium allows the drive test zone DRTZ to be reused by overwriting. However, if an attempt is made to improve recording accuracy by increasing the number of times test writing is performed in a write-once type information storage medium, there arises a problem that the drive test tape is immediately used up. In order to solve this problem, the present embodiment is characterized in that an EDRTZ (Extended Drive Test Zone) can be provided from the outer circumference toward the inner circumference, so that the drive test zone can be expanded.

In this embodiment, features related to the method of setting the extended drive test zone and the method of performing test writing in the extended drive test zone are as follows.

1) The setting (configuration) of the extended drive test zone EDRTZ is sequentially provided integrally from the outer circumferential direction (near the data lead-out area DTLDO) to the inner circumferential side.

--- Extended Drive Test Zone 1 (EDRTZ1) is set as a zone concentrated from the position closest to the outer circumference in the data area (closest to the data lead-out area DTLDO); and Extended Drive Test Zone 1 (EDRTZ1) is exhausted , so that the extended drive test zone 2 (EDRTZ2) can be set for the second time as a corrected zone existing in the inner circumference side other than the current position.

2) Test writing is sequentially performed from the inner peripheral side in the extended drive test zone EDRTZ.

--- In the case of performing test writing in the extended drive test zone EDRTZ, this test writing is performed along the groove area 214 arranged in a spiral form from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side and the The unrecorded position following the written (recorded) position is subjected to current test writing.

The data area is structured such that additional writing is performed along groove areas 214 arranged in a spiral form from the inner circumferential side to the outer circumferential side. By using the method for performing additional writing to locations sequentially after the test writing location, processing operations from "immediately check the location of the test writing" to "do the current test writing" can be performed Test writing to the extended drive test zone has been performed just before in the location, thereby facilitating the test writing process and simplifying the management of the test writing location in the extended drive test zone EDRTZ.

3) Reset the data lead-out area DTLDO in a form including the extended drive test zone.

---Set such two areas in the data area DTA, that is, extended spare area 1 (ESPA1) and extended spare area 2 (ESPA2), and also set two areas, that is, extended drive test zone 1 (EDRTZ1) and Extended Drive Test Zone 2 (EDRTZ2). The present embodiment is characterized in that the data lead-out area DTLO can be reset for the area including up to the extended drive test zone 2 (EDRTZ2). At the same time, the data area DTA is re-ranged in a range-narrowed manner, making it easy to manage the additional writable range 205 of user data present in the data area DTA.

In the case of a setting reset, the setting location of the Extended Spare Area 1 (ESPA1) is considered to be the "extended extended spare area", if any, only in the extended drive test zone contained in the EDRTZ An unrecorded area (area allowing test writing to be added) is managed in the spare area 2 (ESPA2). In this case, the defect-free information recorded in the extended spare area 1 (ESPA1) and used up for replacement is transferred to the position of the area not replaced in the extended spare area 2 (ESPA2), and the defect management information is overridden. The start position information on the reset data lead-out area DTLDO is recorded in the allocation position information on the newest (updated) data area DTA of the RMD field 0 contained in the recording management data RMD. Here, the structure of the border area in the write-once type information storage medium will be described with reference to FIGS. 17A to 17D. When first setting a border area in the write-once information storage medium, when setting the border area BRDA#1 (closest to the data lead-in area DTLDI) according to the size of the inner circumference, as shown in FIG. 17A, thereafter, the above-mentioned area Boundary - Outer BRDO is formed.

Also, in the case of attempting to set the next border area BRDA#2, as shown in FIG. 17B, the next (#1) border in the area BRDI after the previous #1 border-outer area BRDO is formed, which After that, the next border area BRDA#2 is set. In case of an attempt to close the next border area BRDA#2, (#2) border-out area BRDO immediately following the area BRDA#2 is formed. In this embodiment, the state in which the next ((#1) boundary in the zone BRDI) after the previous (#1) boundary-outer zone BRDO is formed and combined is called a border zone BRDZ. The border zone BRDZ is set to prevent the optical head from overrunning between the border areas BRDA when reproducing by using the information reproducing apparatus (assuming that the PDP detection technique is used). Therefore, in the case of reproducing a write-once type information storage medium in which information is recorded by using a read-only device, it is assumed that border closing processing is performed so that the border-out area BRDO and the border-in area BRDI have been recorded, and the upper A border-out area BRDO following the border area BRDA is recorded. The first bordered area BRDA#1 is composed of 4080 or more physical segment blocks, and is required to have a width of 1.0 mm or more in the radial direction of the write-once type information storage medium. FIG. 17B shows an example of setting the extended drive test zone EDRTZ in the data area DTA.

FIG. 17C shows the state reached after completion of the write-once type information storage medium. FIG. 17C shows an example in which the extended drive test zone EDRTZ is incorporated into the data lead-out area DTLDO and the extended spare area ESPA has been set. In this case, the user data additional writable range 205 is filled with the last border-out area BRDO.

Fig. 17D shows a detailed data structure in the above-mentioned border zone zone BRDZ. Each item of information is recorded in units of one physical segment block. At the beginning of the border-out area BRDO is recorded copy information C_RMZ of the content recorded in the recording management zone, and a border end marker (stop block) STB indicating the border-out area BRDOP is recorded. Also, in the case of reaching the next boundary in the area BDI, the first mark (next boundary mark) NBM, the second mark NBM, and the third mark NBM are separately recorded at a total of 3 positions by physical segment block size, respectively, The first mark (next boundary mark) NBM represents that the next boundary area reaches the "N1" physical segment block numbered from the physical segment block where the boundary end mark (stop block) STC has been recorded; the second mark NBM represents the next A border zone reaches the "N2"th physical segment block; and a third marker NBM indicates that the next border zone reaches the "N3"th physical segment block. The updated physical format information U_PFI is recorded in the next border-in area BRDI. In the current DVD-R or DVD-RW disc, in the case of not reaching the next boundary (in the previous boundary-outer area BRDO), the "mark NBM indicating the next boundary" should be recorded as shown in FIG. 17D The position (the position of one physical segment block size) is held as the "unrecorded data position". If border closing is performed in this state, the write-once type information storage medium (current DVD-R or DVD-RW disc) enters a state reproducible by using a conventional DVD-ROM drive or a conventional DVD player. Conventional DVD-ROM drives or conventional DVD players perform track shift detection using DPD (Differential Phase Detection) technology using recording marks recorded on this write-once type information storage medium (currently DVD-R or DVD-RW discs) . However, in the above-mentioned "location of unrecorded data", there is no recording mark in one physical segment block size, and therefore, track shift detection using DPD (Differential Phase Detection) technology can be performed. Therefore, there is a problem that the orbital servo cannot be used stably.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of current DVD-R or DVD-RW discs, this embodiment newly adopts the method for the following situations:

1) In the case of reaching the next border area, pre-record data of a specific pattern in the "position where the mark NBM indicating the next border should be recorded"; and

2) Partially and separately performing "overwriting processing" in a specific recording mode for the position indicating "mark NBM representing the next border", wherein, in the case of reaching the next border area, data of a specific mode is pre-recorded, The identification information indicating "reach to the next boundary area" is thus utilized.

By setting the flag representing the next boundary due to overwriting, such an advantageous effect is achieved that even in the case where the next boundary area is reached as shown in item (1), it can be recorded in "should record that represents the next boundary A recording mark of a specific pattern is preformed in the position of the mark NBM of ", and after the boundary is closed, even if the read-only type information reproducing apparatus performs track shift detection according to the DPD technology, the track servo can be stably applied. If a new recording mark is partially overwritten on a part where a recording mark has already been formed in a write-once information storage medium, there is also a danger that, in an information recording/reproducing device or an information reproducing device, the The stability of the PLL circuit decreases. In order to overcome this danger, the present embodiment further newly adopts a method due to the following circumstances:

3) When overwriting is performed at the position of "mark NBM representing the next boundary" of a physical segment block size, change the overwriting status according to the position contained in the same data segment;

4) overwrite in the synchronization data 432, and prohibit overwriting the synchronization code 431; and

5) Overwriting is performed at locations other than the data ID and IED.

As described later, data fields 411 to 418 and protected areas 441 to 448 for recording user data are alternately recorded on the information storage medium. A group obtained by combining data fields 411 to 418 and guard areas 441 to 448 is called a data segment 490, and one data segment length coincides with one physical segment block length. The PLL circuit 174 shown in FIG. 8 facilitates PLL lead-in in the VFO regions 471 and 472 in particular. Therefore, even if the PLL passes just before the VFO areas 471 and 472, PLL reintroduction can be easily performed by using the VFO areas 471 and 472, thereby reducing the influence on the entire system in the information recording/reproducing apparatus or the information reproducing apparatus. . Such an advantageous effect is achieved that (3) by using the overwrite state, the state is changed according to the position within the data segment as described above, and the overwrite amount of the specific pattern is close to the VFO area contained in the same data segment The backs of 471 and 472 are increased so that it is possible to facilitate the judgment of "mark indicating the next boundary" and to prevent the accuracy of the signal PLL from deteriorating at the time of reproduction.

One physical sector is constituted by a combination of positions in which synchronization codes ( SY0 to SY3 ) are arranged, and synchronization data 434 is arranged between these synchronization codes 433 . The information recording/reproducing device or the information reproducing device samples the synchronization code 43 (SY0 to SY3) from the channel bit pattern recorded on the information storage medium, and detects the boundary of the channel bit pattern. As will be described later, location information (physical sector number or logical sector number) of data recorded on the information storage medium is sampled from the data ID information. Data ID errors are detected by using IEDs arranged immediately after the sampled information. Therefore, the present embodiment can (5) prohibit the data ID and IED from being overwritten, and (4) partially overwrite in the synchronous data 432 other than the synchronous code 431, so that the data ID position is allowed to be detected, And reproduction (content reading) of the information recorded in the data ID is permitted by using the synchronization code 431 in the "mark NMB indicating next boundary".

16A to 16D show another embodiment different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 17A to 17D related to the structure of the border area in the write-once type information storage medium. 16A and 16B show the same content of FIGS. 17A and 17B. Figs. 16A and 16B are different from Fig. 17C according to the state after finalization of the write-once type information storage medium. For example, as shown in FIG. 16C, after the information contained in the bordered area BRDA#3 has been recorded, in the case of trying to achieve finalization, the border-outer area BRDO is formed just after the bordered area BRDA#3 as the border Close processing. Thereafter, the terminator area TRM is formed after the border-out area DRDO following the bordered area BRDA#3, thereby reducing the time required for finalization.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 17A to 17D, it is necessary to fill the area before the extended spare area ESPA with the border-out area BRDO. There arises a problem that it takes a lot of time to form the border-outer zone BRDO, prolonging the final completion time. On the contrary, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 16C, in the length, the shorter terminator area TRM is set; the entire area outside the terminator TRM is defined as the data lead-out area NDTLDO; and the unrecorded part outside the terminator TRM is defined as Set as the user forbidden area 911. That is, when the data area DTA is finally completed, the terminator area TRM is formed at the end of the recorded data (just after the border-out area BRDO). All information of the main data contained in this area is set to "00h". The type information of the area is set in the attribute of the data lead-out area NDTLDO, so that the terminator area is defined as a new data lead-out area NDTLDO, as shown in FIG. 16C. As will be described later, the type information of the area is recorded in the area type information 935 contained in the data ID. That is, the area type information 935 in the data ID contained in this terminator area TRM is set to "10b", thereby indicating that data exists in the data lead-out area DTLDO. The present embodiment is characterized in that the identification information of the data export location is set using the data ID internal category information 935 .

In the information recording/reproducing apparatus or information reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 8, let us consider the case where the information recording/reproducing unit 141 has made random access to a specific target position of a write-once type new information storage medium. Immediately after random access, the information recording/reproducing unit 141 must reproduce the data ID and decode the data frame number 922 in order to know what position on the write-once type new information storage medium has been reached. In the data ID, the area class information 935 exists near the data frame number 922 . At this time, only by decoding the area class information 935, it can be immediately recognized whether the information recording/reproducing unit 141 exists in the data lead-out area DTLDO. Therefore, simplified, and high-speed access control can be performed. As described above, the terminator area TRM can be easily detected by providing the identification information of the data lead-out area DTLDO by setting the data ID inside the terminator area TRM.

As a specific example, in the case where the border-out area BRDO is set as the attribute of the data lead-out area NDTLDO (that is, the area class information 935 in the data ID of the data frame contained in the border-out area BRDO is set to " 10b"), the terminator area TRM is not set. Therefore, when the terminator area TRM is recorded, which has the attribute of the data lead-out area NDTLDO, the terminator area TRM is regarded as a part of the data lead-out area NDTLDO, thereby prohibiting recording into the data area DTA. As a result, as shown in FIG. 16C, the user prohibited area 911 can be reserved.

In this embodiment, the size of the terminator area TRM is changed according to the position on the write-once type information storage medium, thereby reducing finalization time and realizing efficient processing. The terminator area TRM indicates the end position of recorded data. In addition, even in the case where this area is used in this area of a read-only device that performs track shift detection according to the DPD technique, the terminator area is used to prevent overrun due to track shift. Therefore, the radial width of the write-once information storage medium having the terminator region TRM (the width of the position filled with the terminator region TRM) must be a minimum of 0.05 nm or more because of the detection characteristics of the read-only device. The length of one turn of the write-once information storage medium differs depending on the radial position, and therefore, the number of physical segment blocks included in one turn also differs depending on the radial position. Therefore, the size of the terminator area TRM differs according to the physical sector number of the physical sector located at the beginning of the terminator area TRM, and increases as the physical sector goes to the outer circumference side. The physical sector number of the allowable terminator area TRM must be greater than "04FE00h". This is derived from the restriction that the first border area BRDA#1 is composed of 4080 or more physical segment blocks, so that the first mark area BRDA#1 must have an area equal to or longer than 1.0 mm in the radial direction of the write-once information storage medium. width. The terminator area TRM must start from the boundary position of the physical segment block.

In FIG. 16D, the position where each item of information is to be recorded is set for each physical segment block size for the aforementioned reason, and a total of 64 KB of recorded user data distributed in 32 physical sectors is recorded in each in the physical segment block. As shown in FIG. 16D , an associated physical segment block number is set for each item of information, and items of information are sequentially recorded in the write-once type information storage medium in ascending order from the smallest associated physical segment number. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 16A to 16D, duplicates CRMD#0 to CRMD#4 of the same content are overwritten five times in the duplicate information recording zone C_TRZ of the content recorded in the recording management zone shown in FIG. 17D. Reliability at the time of reproduction is improved by performing such overwriting, and even if dust or scratches occur on the write-once type information storage medium, the copy information CRMD of the content recorded in the recording management tape can be stably reproduced. Although the end-of-boundary marker STB shown in FIG. 16D coincides with the end-of-boundary marker STB shown in FIG. 17D , the embodiment shown in FIG. 16D does not have a marker indicating the next boundary, unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. NBM. All information of the main data contained in reserved areas 901 and 902 is set to "00h".

At the beginning of the border-inner area BRDI, information identical to the updated physical format information U_PFI is overwritten six times by N+1 to N+6, constructing the updated physical format information U_PFI as shown in FIG. 17D. Therefore, updated physical format information U_PFI is overwritten, thereby improving information reliability.

In FIG. 16D, the present embodiment is characterized in that the recording management zone RMZ in the border zone is provided in the border-in area BRDI. As shown in FIG. 15A, the size of the recording management zone RMZ included in the data lead-in area DTLDI is relatively small. If the setting of the new bordered area BRDA is frequently repeated, the recording management data RMD recorded in the recording management zone RMZ is saturated, so that the new bordered area BRDA located in the middle cannot be set. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 16D, such an advantageous effect is realized that since the recording management zone for recording the recording management data RMD related to the subsequent bordered area BRDA#3 is set in the border-inner area BRDI, it is possible to The setting of the new bordered area BRDA is provided multiple times, and the amount of additional writing in the bordered area BRDA can be significantly increased. In the case where the bordered area BRDA#3 following the border-inner area BRDI including the recording management zone RMZ in the border zone is closed, or in the case where the data area DTA is finally completed, all non-recorded management The data RMD is repeatedly recorded into the spare area 273 established in the recording management zone RMZ in an unrecorded state, and the entire spare area is filled with the data. In this way, the spare area 273 in an unrecorded state can be eliminated, track shift (due to DPD) can be prevented when reproduction is performed in a read-only device, and reproduction reliability of the recording management data RMD can be improved by repeatedly recording the recording management data. sex. All data contained in the reserved area 903 is set to "00h".

Although border-out area BRDO is used to prevent overrun due to track shift in read-only devices while DPD is assumed to be used, however, in addition to having updated physical format information U_PFI and recording management zone contained in border zone Apart from the information in the RMZ, the Border-Inner Zone BRDI does not need to be of a particularly large size. Therefore, try to minimize the size to reduce the time (required for border zone BRDZ recording) when setting a new border area BRDA. As for FIG. 16A , there is a high possibility that the user data additional writable range 205 is large enough and a large amount of additional writing is performed before the border-out area BRDO is formed due to border closure. Therefore, it is necessary to mainly take the value of "M" shown in FIG. 16D so that the recording management data can be recorded multiple times in the recording management zone RMZ in the border zone. On the contrary, with regard to FIG. 16B, in the state before the boundary of the bordered area BRDA#2 is closed and before the recording border-outer area BRDO, the user data additionally writable range 205 is narrowed, therefore, it is considered that it is wrong to be additionally written to the border Recording Management in Zone The amount of additional writing of recording management data in the RMZ is greatly improved. Therefore, the set size "M" of the recording management zone RMZ in the border-in area BRDI just before the bordered area BRDA#2 can take a relatively small value. That is, when the position of the border-inner area BRDI array advances to the inner circumference side, the amount of additionally written recording management data is predicted to increase. As the position advances to the outer circumference, the amount of additionally written recording management data is predicted to decrease. Therefore, the present embodiment is characterized in that the size of the border-inner area BRDI is reduced. As a result, the time for setting a new border area BRDA is reduced, and processing efficiency is improved.

A logical recording unit of information recorded in the bordered area BRDA shown in FIG. 17C is called an R zone. Therefore, one border area BRDA consists of at least one or more R zones. In the current DVD-ROM, a file system named "UDF Bridge" is adopted as the file system, in which both file management information conforming to UDF (Universal Disc Format) and file management information conforming to ISO 9660 are simultaneously recorded on an information storage medium. In the document management method conforming to ISO 9660, there is a rule that one document must be continuously recorded in an information storage medium. That is, information contained in one file is prohibited from being separately arranged in scattered positions of the information storage medium. Therefore, for example, in the case of recording information according to the above-mentioned UDF bridge, all the information constituting one file are continuously recorded. Therefore, an area in which one file is continuously recorded can be used to constitute one R zone.

18A to 18D show the data structures of the control data zone CDZ and the R physical information zone RIZ. As shown in FIG. 18B, physical format information (PFI) and disc manufacturing information (DMI) exist in the control data zone CDZ, and similarly, DMI (disc manufacturing information) and R_PFI (R physical format information) are contained in the R physical information zone RIZ. information).

Information 251 on the country of medium manufacture and medium manufacturer nationality information 252 are recorded in the medium manufacture related information DMI. When a purchased information storage medium infringes a patent right, there is a case where an infringement warning is provided to such a country where there is a place of manufacture or where the information storage medium is consumed (or used). By compulsively recording information contained in an information storage medium to identify a place of manufacture (country name) and easily providing an infringement warning, intellectual property rights are protected and technological progress is promoted. Also, other media manufacturing related information 253 is to be recorded in the media manufacturing related information DMI.

The present embodiment is characterized in that the type of information to be recorded is specified based on the recording position (relative to the start byte position) in the physical format information PFI or R-physical format information R_PFI. That is, for the recording position in the physical format information PFI or the R physical format information R_PFI, the common information 261 in the DVD family is recorded in the 32-byte area from byte 0 to byte 31; Common information 262 in the HD_DVD family is recorded in 96 bytes from byte 32 to byte 127; unique information (specific information) related to various specification types or partial versions is recorded in bytes from byte 128 to byte 511 in 384 bytes; and information corresponding to each revision is recorded in 1536 bytes from byte 512 to byte 2047. In this way, the information allocation position in the physical format information is commonly used according to the content of the information, and thus the position of the recording information is commonly used according to the medium type, thereby enabling common or simplified reproduction processing of the information recording device or the information recording/reproducing device. As shown in FIG. 18D, the common information 261 recorded in the DVD family in byte 0 to byte 31 is divided into information 267 commonly recorded in all read-only type information storage media and rewritable type information storage media. , and the information is recorded from byte 0 to byte 16 in the write-once type information storage medium; and information 268, which is commonly recorded in the rewritable type information storage medium and in the write-once type information storage medium, from byte 17 to byte 31, and it is not recorded in read-only media.

Now, the meaning of the type and version specific information 263 for each specification from byte 128 to byte 511 shown in FIG. 18C , and the information that can be set for each revision from byte 512 to byte 2047 The meaning of the content 264 is given a description. That is, in the type and version specific information 263 of each specification from byte 128 to byte 511, regardless of the write-once type information storage medium, the meaning of the content of the record information at each byte position is different from that of different types Consistent with rewritable information storage media. The information content 264 that can be set for each revision from byte 512 to byte 2047 allows for the fact that if the revisions of the same medium are different from each other, rewritable information storage media and write-once information storage media The difference between the media is different from each other, and the meaning of the content of the recording information at the byte position is different from each other.

A specific method for installing an information recording/reproducing device will be explained as follows. The specification (version book) or revision volume describes the characteristics of the reproduced signal from the "H-L" recording film and the reproduced signal of the "L-H" recording film. Meanwhile, FIG. 8 shows the PR equalization circuit 130 and the Viterbi decoder 156 corresponding to each other. When the information storage medium is installed in the information reproduction unit 141, the slice level detection circuit for reading the information contained in the system lead-in area SYLDI will be turned on. The slice level detection circuit 132 reads the polarity information of the recording mark recorded in the 192 bytes (to identify "H-L" or "L-H"); and judges "H-L" or "L-H". In response to this judgment, the information recorded in the data lead-in area DTLDI is reproduced through circuit switching in the PR equalization circuit 130 and the Viterbi decoder 156 . The method described above allows a relatively fast and more accurate readout of the information contained in the data lead-in area DTLDI. Although revision number information defining the maximum recording speed is described by byte 17, and revision number information defining the minimum recording speed is described by byte 18, these items of information are only used to provide range information defining the maximum and minimum. In the case of the most stable recording, the best linear velocity information is needed when recording, and the relevant information is recorded in byte 193.

The present embodiment is characterized in that byte 194 includes edge intensity information of the optical system along the circumferential direction and byte 195 includes edge intensity information of the optical system along the radial direction, and these information are recorded as optical system state information in Information on various recording states (writing strategies) is included in the information content 264 specifically set to each version, before the information on various recording states. These items of information represent conditional information of the optical system of the optical head used when distinguishing the recording information provided on the back side. The edge intensity used here represents the state distribution of incident light incident on an objective lens before it converges on a recording surface of an information storage medium. This intensity is defined as the intensity value of a certain circumferential position of the objective lens (circumferential position outside the baffle) when the central intensity value of the incident light intensity distribution is defined as 1. The incident light intensity distribution is not point-point symmetrical with respect to the objective lens, forming an elliptical distribution, and the edge intensity values are different from each other due to differences in the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the information storage medium. Therefore, these two values are recorded. The focus size of the recording surface in the information storage medium decreases as the edge intensity value increases, and thus, the optimum recording power condition changes with the edge intensity value. The information in the recording/reproducing device recognizes in advance the information of the edge intensity value contained in the own optical head. Therefore, the device reads the edge intensity value of the optical system in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, records the value in the information storage medium, and compares the value in the optical head itself. If the result of the comparison is not significant, the record status recorded on the back side will be used. If the difference is large, it is necessary to ignore the storage conditions recorded on the back side, and it is necessary to start recognizing the optimum recording state when the recording/reproducing apparatus performs test writing using the drive test zone DRTZ.

Therefore, when ignoring this information and doing self-test writing, it is necessary to quickly decide whether to use the recording status recorded on the back side, or whether to start to distinguish the best recording status. Beneficial effects can be obtained: the edge strength information is read out, and then by arranging the information about the optical system identified at the position in front of the position recorded by the recommended recording condition, the recording condition set after the high-speed judgment can be whether it is satisfied.

According to the present embodiment, as described above, there are respectively provided: the specification (version book) when the content of the edition changes greatly; Only update revisions when improved. Therefore, if each revision number is different, the state of the record in the revision volume changes accordingly. In this way, information about the recording status (writing strategy) is primarily recorded specifically in the information content 264 of each revision from byte 512 to byte 2047. The information content 264 that is specifically recorded in each revision from byte 512 to byte 2047 recognizes the fact that if each revision is different in the same type of media, and rewritable information storage media are different from write-once information storage media There are also differences between different categories, and the importance of recording information content at byte positions is also different.

In a write-once type information storage medium, with respect to the R-type physical format information recorded in the R-type physical information zone RIZ in the data lead-in area DTLDI, border zone start position information (the outermost circumference address of the first border) is added To the physical format information RFI (replication of HD-DVD family common information), and to describe the added information. In the updated physical format information U_PFI updated in the boundary-inner area BRDI shown in FIGS. 17A to 17D or FIGS. 16A to 16D, start position information (the outermost circumference address of the boundary itself) is added to the physical format information (copy of HD-DVD family common information), and record this additional information. The start position information for this update is arranged in bytes 256 to 263 at the position immediately following the information about eg peak power or bias power 1 (information content 264 specifically set for each revision), the position After the shared information 262 included in the DVD family.

For the specific content of the information about the start position of the border zone, the start of the border-external zone ERDO located outside the (current) border zone BRDA where records from 256 to byte 259 are currently commonly used is described in the PSN (Physical Sector Number) location information; and the border-inner region BRDI start position information about the border area BRDA to be used in the next step is described in bytes 260 to 263 in the physical sector number (PSN).

The detailed information about the updated start position information shows the latest border zone position information when the border area BRDA is newly set. The physical sector number PSN describes the start position information of the border-external area BRDO outside the (current) border area BRDA, which is usually recorded in bytes 256 to 259; the physical sector number is described in bytes 260 to 263. The border-inner area BRDI start position information of the border area BRDA used in the next step. When the next border area BRDA cannot be recorded, this area (from byte 260 to byte 263) is all filled with "00h".

In contrast, R-type physical format information R_PFI in the write-once type information storage medium records end position information of recorded data in the relevant border area BRDA.

Moreover, the read-only information storage medium records the end address information contained in the first "0 layer" seen from the reproduction optical system, and the rewritable information storage medium records the start address information between the land area and the groove area. The difference information of each item of position information.

As shown in FIG. 17D, relevant copy information exists in the border-out zone ERDO as copy information C_RMZ representing the contents recorded in the recording management zone. As shown in FIG. 15B, this recording management zone RMZ records RMD (recording management data) which has the same data size as the physical segment block. In this case, the new recording management data RMD updated each time, the recording management data RMD Content can be added consecutively backwards. This recording management data RMD is also divided into small RMD field information RMDF having a size of 2048 bytes. The first 2048 bytes in the recording management data are used as a reserved area.

In the information reproduction device or the information recording/reproduction device shown in FIG. 8, the wobble signal detection unit 135 uses a push-pull signal for track shift detection. In the track shift detection circuit (wobble signal detection unit 135), as the value of the above push-pull signal (I1-I2) _PP /(I1+I2) _DC , it can be 0.1≤(I1-I2) _PP /(I1 +I2) Track shift detection is performed stably in the range of _DC ≤0.8. In particular, the track shift detection can be performed more stably in the range of 0.26 ≤ (I1-I2) _PP /(I1+I2) _DC ≤ 0.52 for the "HL" recording film and 0.30 for the "LH" recording film ≤(I1-I2) _PP /(I1+I2) _DC ≤0.60 to perform track shift detection more stably.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the information storage medium characteristics are defined so that the push-pull signal is included in the range of 0.1≤(I1-I2) _{PP /(I1+I2)DC≤0.8} (preferably, about "HL" For recording films, push-pull signals are included in the range 0.26≤(I1-I2) _PP /(I1+I2) _DC ≤0.52; for "LH" recording films, push-pull signals are included in 0.3≤(I1-I2) _PP /(I1+I2) within the range of _DC ≤0.6). The above range is defined to be established in a recording position and an unrecorded position (a position where no recording mark exists) of the data lead-in area DTLDI or data area DTA and data lead-out area DTLDO (position where a recording mark exists). However, in this embodiment, without being limited thereto, this range can be defined to be established only at recorded positions (positions where recording marks exist) or at unrecorded positions (positions where recording marks do not exist). In addition, in the present embodiment, as the amplitude ratio of (I1-I2) PP after (I1-I2) _PP and before (I1-I2) _PP of the (I1-I2) signal in the recorded position and the unrecorded position, the information storage medium characteristic It is defined as satisfying 0.7≦(I1-I2) _PP after/(I1-12) _PP before≦1.50 regardless of whether "HL" recording film or "LH" recording film may be used. The push-pull signal amplitude and track shape values described in the least significant 7 bits within the push-pull signal amplitude range are displayed as percentages relative to the actual push-pull signal amplitude value. For example, in the case where the amplitude of the push-pull signal is 0.70 (70%), 0.7=70/100 is obtained. Therefore, as data described in this field, information "0100 0110b" expressing the decimal value "70" in binary notation is described.

In the case of a write-once type information storage medium, tracking is performed on the pre-groove area (recording marks are formed on the pre-groove area). Therefore, this on-track signal represents the detection signal level when performing seek on the pre-groove area. That is, when the track ring shown in FIG. 27B is, for example, ON, the above-mentioned on-track information indicates the signal level (Iot) _groove of the unrecorded area. The present invention allows recording marks to be formed on areas between pre-grooves. In this case, the "lands" can be considered as "grooves".

In the R physical format information R_PFI, a physical sector number (030000h) indicating the start position information included in the data area DTA is recorded. In addition, a physical sector number indicating a position where the last recording has been performed in the last R zone included in the bordered area is recorded.

In the updated physical format information U_PFI, there are recorded: a physical sector number (030000h) indicating start position information included in the data area DTA; and a physical sector number indicating that it has been executed in the last R zone included in the border area The last recorded position.

According to another embodiment, these location information items can be described by ECC block address numbers instead of physical sector numbers. As described below, in this embodiment, one ECC block includes 32 sectors. Therefore, the least significant 5 bits of the physical sector number of the head sector of a specific ECC block coincide with the physical sector number of the sector at the start position adjacent to the ECC block. In the case where the physical sector numbers are assigned such that the least significant 5 bits of the physical sector numbers of the sector at the head of the ECC block are "00000", the least significant 6 bits of all the physical sector numbers in all sectors in the same ECC block or Values in 6 bits or more coincide with each other. Therefore, removing the least significant 5 bits of the physical sector number of the sectors in the same ECC block above, and only sampling the least significant 6 bits and the following information is defined as ECC block address information (or ECC block address number) . As described below, data segment address information (or physical segment block number information) recorded in advance by wobble modulation coincides with the above ECC block address. Therefore, when the location information contained in the recording management data RMD is described in the ECC block address number, beneficial effects can be obtained as follows:

1) Especially accelerated access to unlogged areas:

---Because the position information in the recording management data RMD is consistent with the block address information recorded in advance through wobble frequency modulation, the difference calculation process is facilitated; and

2) Reduced management data size of record management data RMD:

--- The number of bits describing each address information is reduced by 5 bits.

As described below, the block length of a single physical segment is consistent with the length of a single data segment, and user data of a single ECC block is recorded in a single data segment. Therefore, the address is expressed as "ECC block address number"; "ECC block address"; "data segment address"; "data segment number" or "physical segment block number" and so on. These descriptions express the same meaning.

In the allocation position information of the recording management data RMD existing in the RMD field 0, the capacity information of the recording management zone RMZ that can continuously additionally write the recording management data RMD is recorded in ECC block units or physical segment block units. As shown in FIG. 15B, the recording management data RMD is recorded in the physical segment blocks one by one, and thus, based on this information, the number of times the updated recording management data RMD can be additionally written in the recording management zone RMZ can be determined. Next, the current recording management data number is recorded in the recording management zone RMZ. This indicates the number information of the recording management data RMD recorded in the recording management zone RMZ. For example, assuming that the information is consistent with the information in the example recording management data RMD#2 shown in FIG. 2". Next, remaining amount information in the recording management zone RMZ is recorded. This information represents number information of the recording management data RMD which can be further added to the recording management zone RMZ, and is described in physical segment block units (=ECC block units=data segment units). Among the above three information items, the following relationships are established.

[wherein the size information of the RMZ has been set] = [the current recording management data number] + [the remaining amount in the RMZ]

This embodiment is characterized in that the usage or remaining amount information of the recording management data RMD in the recording management zone RMZ is recorded in the recording area of the recording management data RMD.

For example, in the case where all information is recorded once in the write-once type information storage medium, the recording management data RMD can only be recorded once. However, additional writing of user data (additional writing of user data in the user data additionally writable range 205) in an attempt to repeatedly record user data on a write-once type information storage medium needs to be performed each time additional writing occurs. The updated recording management data RMD is written. In this case, if the recording management data RMD is frequently additionally written, the reserved area 273 shown in FIG. 15B will be deleted, and the information recording/reproducing apparatus needs to cope with such deletion. Therefore, the use amount or remaining amount information of the recording management data RMD in the recording management zone RMZ is recorded in the recording area of the recording management data, so that it is possible to determine in advance that the recording management zone RMZ cannot perform additional writing, and pass the information The recording/reproducing device takes action early.

According to an example of a processing method for newly setting an extended drive test zone EDRTZ, test writing by the information recording/reproducing apparatus and the zone shown in FIG. 8 will be described.

1) A write-once type information storage medium is mounted in an information recording/reproducing apparatus.

2) The data formed by the burning area BCA is reproduced by the information recording/reproducing unit 141; the recorded information is supplied to the control unit 143; the information is decoded in the control unit 143 to determine whether the next step can be processed.

3) The information recorded in the system lead-in area SYLDI control data zone CDZ is recorded by the information recording/reproducing unit 141, and the reproduced information is sent to the control unit 143.

4) When the recommended recording state is determined by the control unit 143, the edge strength value is compared with the edge strength value for the optical head of the information recording/reproducing unit 141; the area capacity required for test input is determined.

5) The information in the recording management data is reproduced by the information recording/reproducing unit 141, and the reproduced information is sent to the control unit 143. The information in the RMD field 4 of the control area is decoded, and it is judged whether there is ample space for the area capacity required for test writing, and the size is determined in step 4). If the judgment result is affirmative, proceed to step 6). Otherwise, go to step 9).

6) From the end position information that has been used for test writing in the drive test zone DRTZ or the extended drive test zone EDRTZ used for test writing from the RMD field 4, the start test writing position can be determined.

7) Through the location determined in step 6), the capacity determined in step 4) can be used for test writing.

8) According to the processing of step 7), the number of locations for test writing has been increased, and thus, by rewriting the end location information that has been used for test writing points, the resulting recording management information is temporarily stored in the storage Unit 175, go to step 12).

9) The information recording/reproducing unit 141 reads the "end position of the latest user data recordable range 205" information recorded in the RMD field 0, or the "user data appended" information recorded in the data area DTA allocation position information in the physical table. The end position information of the writable range"; and the control unit 143 also internally sets the range of a new group of drive test zones EDRTZ.

10) According to the result described in step 9), the "end position of the latest user data recordable range 205" information recorded in the RMD field 0 can be updated, and the additional setting value information of the extended drive test zone EDRTZ in the RMD field 4 Increments by 1 (ie, the count is incremented by 1); furthermore, the storage unit 175 temporarily stores the obtained recording management data RMD by adding the start/end position information of the newly set extended drive test zone EDRTZ.

11) Processing goes from step 7) to step 12).

12) As a result of executing step 7) test writing, the required user information is additionally written into the user additional writable range 205 in the best recording state.

13) The storage unit 175 temporarily stores the recording management data RMD, which is updated by the additional writing start/end position information contained in the newly generated R zone in step 12).

14) The control unit 143 controls the information recording/reproducing unit 141 to additionally record the latest recording management data RMD temporarily stored in the storage unit 175 in the reserved area 273 (eg, FIG. 15B ) contained in the recording management zone RMZ.

Information about the position indicating the last recording in the write-once information storage medium shown in this embodiment can be obtained from the information contained in the "recording position management data RMD last recorded in the last extended recording position management zone RMZ". Information of a physical sector number or a physical segment number (PSN). That is, the recording position management data RMD includes: information on the end position of the n-th "end type R zone (end R zone)" described in the RMD field 7 or thereafter, or information on "representing the last R zone in the n-th R zone." Information of the physical sector number LRA" of the recording position, thereby reading the last recorded position from within the recording position management data RMD (for example, refer to RMD#3 shown in FIG. 15B ) that has been recorded last in the extended RMZ set last The physical sector number or physical segment number (PSN) in and enables the location of this last record to be known from the result of the read.

The information reproducing apparatus uses a DPD (Differential Phase Detection) technique instead of a push-pull technique for track shift detection, and therefore, can perform seek control only in an area where there is an embossment or a recording mark. Therefore, the information reproducing apparatus cannot provide access to the unrecorded area of the write-once type information storage medium, so that reproduction cannot be performed in the RMD duplication zone RDZ including the unrecorded area. Therefore, the recording position management data RMD recorded therein cannot be reproduced. In contrast, the information reproducing apparatus is capable of reproducing physical format information PFI, R-physical information zone R-PFIZ, and updated physical format information UPFI. Therefore, it is possible to search for the last recorded position.

The information reproducing apparatus performs information reproduction in the system lead-in area SYLDI, and then reads the last position information on the existing information data recorded in the R physical information zone R-PFIZ (regarding the last R zone in the "indicates the corresponding boundary-inner zone") The physical sector number of the last recorded location in "Information"). As a result, the last position of the bordered area BRDA#1 can be known. Furthermore, after checking the position allocated to the boundary-outer BRDO immediately after the last position, information about the updated physical format UPFI recorded in the boundary-in BRDI recorded immediately after the checked position can be read.

Instead of the method of "indicating the physical sector number of the last recorded position in the last R zone in the corresponding boundary-inner area" described above using FIG. 19, it is possible to use the "indicating The information of the physical sector number PSN" of the start position of the border zone is used to provide access to the start position of the border-outer BRDO (clearly seen from FIG. 16C, this start position represents the start position of the border-outer BRDO).

Next, access is provided to the last position of the recorded data, thereby reading the last position information on the recorded data contained in the updated physical format information UFPI (FIG. 19). Read "information on the last recorded physical sector number or physical segment number (PSN)" recorded in the updated physical format information, and then provide access to the last recorded physical sector number or physical segment based on the read information The processing operation of the sector number (PSN) is repeated until the last recorded physical sector number PSN in the last R zone is reached. That is, the position at which information is read is determined, and the position reached after the access is the actual last recording position in the last R zone. In a case where the determination result is negative, the above-described access processing operation is repeated. As in the R-Physical Information Zone R-PFIZ, in the present embodiment, it is possible to use the updated physical sector number or physical segment number (PSN) in the updated physical format information UPFI information" to retrieve the recording position of the updated physical format information UPFI recorded in the border zone (border-in BRDI).

When the position of the physical sector number (or physical segment number) last recorded in the last R zone is found, the information reproducing apparatus performs reproduction from the border-out immediately preceding position. Then, when the inner side of the last border area BRDA is sequentially reproduced from the beginning, the last recorded position is reached. Then, a final boundary-outer BRDO check is performed. In the write-once type information storage medium according to the present embodiment, outside the above last border-out BRDO, an unrecorded area where no record mark is recorded follows the position of the data lead-out area DTLDO. In the information reproducing apparatus, seek is not performed on the unrecorded area on the write-once type information recording medium, and information on the physical sector number PSN is not recorded, thus making it possible to perform The location performs the reproduction. Therefore, when the last border-out position has been reached, the access processing operation and the continuous reproduction processing operation are terminated.

Referring to FIG. 20, the timing (update condition) to update the content of information in the recording location management data RMD will be described. There are five conditions for updating information on the recording location management data RMD.

(Condition 1a) In the case where the media status information (disk status) in the RMD field "0" is changed:

The update processing operation of the recording position management data RMD is not performed at the time of the recording end character ("end position information" recorded at the rear (outer circumference side) of the last recorded boundary-outer BRDO).

(Condition 1b) When the inner test zone address or the outer test zone address (inner or outer test zone address) specified in the RMD field "1" is changed.

(Condition 2) The border-outer BRDO start position information (the start physical sector number of the border-outer area) or the open (write once possible) recording position management zone RMZ number (open extension RMZ number) specified in the RMD field "3" ) is changed:

(Condition 3) When information on any of the following items is changed in the RMD field "4":

1) The total number of the number of unspecified R zones, the number of open R zones, and the number of closed R zones or the number of invisible R zones (Number of invisible R zones)

2) Information on the number of first open R-bands (number of first open R-bands)

3) Information on the number of second open R bands (number of second open R bands)

In this embodiment, there is no need to update the RMD during a series of information recording operations (by the disk drive) to a write-once type information storage medium such as HD DVD-R. For example, in the case of recording video image information, it is necessary to ensure continuous recording. If access control up to the location of the recording management data RMD is performed for updating the recording location management data RMD in the center of video image information recording (image recording), continuous recording is not guaranteed because the video image information is interrupted. Therefore, generally, updating of the RMD is performed after video image recording is terminated. If a series of video image information recording operations continues for an excessively long time, the position last recorded on the write-once information storage medium at the current point of time and the record contained in the record already recorded in the write-once information storage medium The last position information in the position management data RMD will be significantly shifted. At this time, in the case where an abnormal phenomenon at the center of continuous recording occurs and then the information recording/reproducing device (disk drive) is forcibly terminated, "the last position information contained in the recording position management data RMD" and immediately after the forcible termination The difference between the previous recorded positions becomes too large. As a result, there is a danger that, for "the last position information contained in the recording position management data RMD", data recovery conforming to the recording position immediately before the forced termination becomes difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, the following update conditions are additionally added.

(Condition 4) (Information on recording position management data RMD is updated) In the "physical sector number LRA indicating the last recording position in the R zone" recorded in the last recording position management data RMD and sequentially changed during connection recording In the case where the difference between "the physical sector number PSN last recorded in the position in the R zone at the current point of time" (difference value of "PSN-LRA") exceeds 8192:

However, in the above "(condition 1b)" or "(condition 4)", the size of the unrecorded position (reserved area 273) in the recording position management zone RMZ is equal to or smaller than 4 physical segment blocks (4×64KB ), the update is not performed.

Now, the extended recording position management zone will be described. As the setting position of the recording position management zone, the present embodiment defines the following three types.

1) Recording position management zone RMZ (L-RMZ) in the data lead-in area DTLDI

As is clear from FIG. 16B, in this embodiment, a part of the inner side of the data lead-in area DTLDI is used for the border-in BRDI corresponding to the first border area. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15A, the recording position management zone RMZ to be recorded in the border-in BRDI corresponding to the first bordered area is set in advance in the data lead-in area DTLDI. In the internal structure of this recording position management zone RMZ, sequential recording position management data RMD of 64 KB bytes (1 physical segment block size) can be written at a time.

2) Recording position management zone RMZ (B-RMZ) in border-in BRDI

In the write-once type information storage medium according to the present embodiment, a border close processing operation is required before the recorded information is reproduced by the reproduction-only device. In case new information is recorded after the border has been closed once, it is necessary to set a new border area BRDA. Set the boundary-inner BRDI at the location before this new boundary area BRDA. At the stage of the border close processing operation, the unrecorded area in the latest recording position management zone is closed (reserved area 273 shown in FIG. 15B). Therefore, it is necessary to set a new area (recording position management zone RMZ) for recording recording position management data RMD indicating the position of information recorded in the new bordered area BRDA. As shown in FIG. 16D, the present embodiment is characterized in that the recording position management zone RMZ is set in the newly set border-in BRDI. The internal structure of the recording position management zone RMZ in this border zone has exactly the same structure as the "recording position management zone RMZ (L-RMZ) corresponding to the first border zone". Furthermore, the information contained in the recording position management data RMD recorded in this area is related to the recording position management information concerning the data recorded in the former bordered area BRDA and the recording position management information concerning the data recorded in the corresponding bordered area BRDA. data are recorded together.

3) Recording location management zone RMZ (U-RMZ) in border area BRDA

As shown in item (2), the RMZ (B-RMZ) in the border-in BRDI cannot be set unless a new border area BRDA is set. Furthermore, the first bordered area management zone RMZ (L-RMZ) shown in item (1) is unlimited, the reserved area 273 is exhausted when additional writing is repeated, and new recording position management data RMD cannot be written enter. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the present embodiment, the R zone for the recoding recording position management zone RMZ is newly set in the border area BRDA to realize additional addition. That is, there is a specific R zone in which the recording position management zone RMZ (U-RMZ) in the border area BRDA is set.

In addition, the present embodiment is not limited to the case of reducing the remaining size of the unrecorded area (reserved area 273) in the first border zone management zone RMZ (L-RMZ), and the present embodiment is characterized in that in reducing the "border-in BRDI In the case of the remaining size of the unrecorded area (reserved area 273) in the "recording position management zone RMZ (B-RMZ)" and the "recording position management zone RMZ (U-RMZ) in the border area BRDA" that has been set Next, the above-mentioned "recording position management zone RMZ (U-RMZ) in bordered area BRDA" can be set.

The content of information recorded in the recording position management zone RMZ (U-RMZ) in this border area BRDA has exactly the same structure as that of the recording position management zone RMZ (L-RMZ) in the data lead-in area DTLDI shown in FIG. 15B. Structure. Furthermore, the information contained in the recording position management data RMD recorded in this area is related to the recording position management information concerning the data recorded in the former bordered area BRDA and the recording position management information concerning the data recorded in the corresponding bordered area BRDA. data are recorded together.

In the above-mentioned various recording position management zone RMZ,

1) Before recording user data, the position of the recording position management zone RMZ (L-RMZ) in the data lead-in area DTLDI is set in advance.

However, in this example,

2) Recording location management zone RMZ (B-RMZ) in border-in BRDI; and

3) Recording location management zone RMZ (U-RMZ) in border area BRDA

These zones are appropriately set (widely provided) by the information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the user data recording (additional writing) state, and therefore, these zones are called "extended (type) recording position management zone RMZ".

In the case where the unrecorded area (reserved area 273) in the currently used recording position management zone RMZ is equal to or smaller than the physical sector block (15×64 KB), the recording position management zone RMZ (U- RMZ) settings. The size of the recording position management zone RMZ in the border area BRDA at the time of setting (U-RMZ) is defined as the size of 128 physical segment blocks (128×64 KB), and this size is defined exclusively for the recording position management zone RMZ R belt.

In the write-once information storage medium according to the present embodiment, it becomes possible to set the above-mentioned three types of recording position management zones RMZ, thus allowing a large number of recording positions to exist on one write-once information recording/storage medium Management with RMZ. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate retrieval of the recording location of the latest recording location management data RMD, the following processing operations are performed:

1) In the case where the recording position management zone RMZ is newly set, the latest recording position management data RMD is overwritten in the recording position management zone RMZ that has been used up to now, thereby not allowing an unrecorded area to exist in the recording position management zone RMZ that has been used up to now Record location management zone RMZ. In this way, it becomes possible to identify whether the recording position management zone is currently used or set in a new position.

2) Duplication information 48 on the latest recording position management data RMD is recorded in the RMD duplication zone RMZ every time the recording position management zone RMZ is newly set. In this way, it is possible to easily search for the currently used recording position management zone RMZ position.

A large number of unrecorded areas are allowed in the write-once type information storage medium according to the present embodiment. However, in a reproduction-only device, DPD (Differential Phase Detection) technology is used for track shift detection, and therefore, it is not possible to perform a seek in an unrecorded area. Therefore, before the above-mentioned write-once type information storage medium is reproduced by the reproduction-only device, it is necessary to perform a border close processing operation so that an unrecorded area does not exist.

The contents of the reference code pattern recorded in the reference code recording zone RCZ will be described in detail. In today's DVD standard, an "8/16 modulation" system that converts 8-bit data into 16 channel bits is used as a modulation system. As a reference code pattern recorded in the modulated information storage medium as a channel bit pattern, a repeating pattern "00100000100000010010000010000001" is used. Compared to this mode, in this embodiment, an RLL(1,10) run-length limitation is provided using ETM modulation that modulates 8-bit data into 12 channel bits. In addition, PRML technology is used for signal reproduction from the data lead-in area DTLDI, data area DTA, data lead-out area DTLDO and middle area MDA. Therefore, it is necessary to set the above modulation rules and the most ideal reference code pattern for PRML detection. According to the RLL (1, 10) run length limit, set the continuous "0" minimum value "d=1", which is a "10101010" repeating pattern. Assuming that the distance from code "0" to the next adjacent code is "T", the distance with respect to adjacent "1" in the above pattern results in "2T". In this embodiment, in order to obtain the high density of the information storage medium, as mentioned above, the reproduced signal recorded in the information storage medium from the "2T" repeating pattern ("10101010") is close to the MTF (modulation transfer function) of the optical head objective lens cutoff frequency characteristics (present in the information recording/reproducing unit 141 shown in FIG. 8); thus, it is difficult to obtain the degree of modulation (signal amplitude). Therefore, in the case where the "2T" repetitive pattern reproduced signal has been used as a circuit-tuned reproduced signal of an information reproducing device or an information recording/reproducing device (for example, to initialize and optimize tap coefficients), the influence of noise is significant and the stability deteriorates. Therefore, it is desirable to utilize "3T" patterns with high density for circuit tuning for signals modulated according to the RLL(1,10) run-length limit.

Considering the digital summation value (DSV) of the reproduced signal, the DC absolute value increases proportionally to the number of consecutive "0"s between "1" and the next "1", and the increase is added to the immediately preceding DSV value middle. The polarity of this added DC value is reversed every time it is "1". Therefore, as a method of setting the DSV value of "0", the channel bit pattern with consecutive reference codes followed by "0", the DSV value of the 12-channel bit pattern after ETM modulation is set to "0", thereby, by Setting an odd reference code pattern design freedom is significantly improved, and the generated "1" is displayed in the 12-channel bit pattern after ETM modulation; the DC component in a group of reference symbols containing the next group is compensated. Therefore, in this embodiment, after ETM modulation, the number "1" displayed in the reference symbol containing the 12-channel bit pattern is set to an odd number.

In this embodiment, in order to obtain high density, mark edge recording technology is used, wherein the position of "1" coincides with the recording mark or the convex/concave boundary position. For example, in the case of repeating pattern immediately following "3T" ("100100100100100100100"), there occurs such a case that the recording mark or the convex/concave length and the space length between the mark and the pit are recorded according to the recording state or the initially grasped generation state There are small differences between each other. With the PRML detection technique, it becomes important to reproduce the signal level. As mentioned above, even if the recording mark or the convex/concave length and the interval length between the mark and the pit are different from each other, it is necessary to correct the minutely different components in the circuit system so that stable and accurate signal detection can be performed . Therefore, the reference code of the fixed tuning circuit has intervals of length "3T", such as "3T" long recording marks or convex/concave, thereby improving the accuracy of the fixed tuning circuit. Thus, if the "1001001" pattern is included as a reference code pattern according to the present embodiment, the recording mark or the convex/concave has the length "3T", and the interval is always set.

Furthermore, in addition to the dense mode, circuit tuning also requires a non-dense state. Therefore, considering the fact that a non-dense state (a state in which "0"s are generated continuously and frequently) is generated after ETM modulation where the "1001001" pattern is excluded from the 12-channel bit pattern, the generated number "1" is set to In odd numbers, for the reference code pattern, "100100100000" is obtained as the light state, as shown in FIGS. 24A, 24B, 24C, and 24D. To ensure that the channel bit pattern is generated as a pattern after modulation, although not shown, when using a modulation table specifically in H format, it is necessary to set the data word to "A4h" prior to modulation. This "A4h" (hexadecimal notation) data coincides with the data flag "164" (decimal notation).

The following describes in detail how to generate the specific data of the above data conversion rules. First, a data flag "164" (equal to "0A4h") is set in the aforementioned data frame structure main data "D0 to D2047". Next, the data frame 1 to the data frame 15 are pre-scrambled by the initial preset value “0Eh”, and the data frame 16 to the data frame 31 are pre-scrambled by the initial preset value “0Fh”. If pre-scrambling is applied beforehand, when scrambling is applied by the aforementioned data conversion rules, scrambling is used for copying, and the data mark "164" (equal to "0A4h") is actually present (when scrambling is used for copying, the original pattern is reproduced) now). When pre-scrambling is applied to all reference codes, each of which consists of 32 physical sectors, the DSV control is not set, so that only data frame 0 cannot be pre-scrambled in advance. After applying the previous scrambling, if modulated, the patterns shown in Figs. 24A, 24B, 24C and 24D are recorded in the information storage medium.

In the present invention, address information in a recording type (rewritable or write-once type) information storage medium is recorded in advance via wobble frequency modulation. This embodiment is characterized in that: ±90 degree (180 degree) phase modulation is used in the wobble frequency modulation system, using NRZ (non-return-to-zero coding) method, and recording address information in advance according to the information storage medium. A specific description will be made with reference to FIG. 21 . In this embodiment, according to the address information, the 1-address bit (as an address symbol) area 511 is represented by four wobble cycles, and the frequency and amplitude/phase match at any position in the 1-address bit area 511 . In the case where the same address bit continues, the same phase is continuously maintained at the boundary portion of the 1 address bit area 511 (the portion indicated by the “triangular mark” shown in FIG. 21 ). In the case where the address bits are inverted, a wobble pattern inversion (180 degree change in phase) occurs.

In the wobble signal detector unit 135 of the information recording/reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 8, the position of the boundary line of the upper address bit area 511 (the position indicated by the "triangle mark" shown in FIG. 21) and the position of the boundary line of one wobble cycle The groove position can be detected simultaneously. Although not shown in the wobble signal detector unit 135, a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) circuit is included for synchronization of both the boundary position of the upper address bit area 511 and the notch position 512. If the position of the boundary line of the address bit area 511 or the position of the slot changes, the wobble signal detector unit 135 will no longer be synchronized, and the wobble signal reproduction (reading) cannot be performed accurately. The interval adjacent to the notched position 512 is referred to as the notched interval 513 . As the groove interval 513 is naturally close, synchronization is easily obtained using the PLL circuit, and wobble signal reproduction (reading of contained information) can be performed smoothly.

It is obvious from FIG. 21 that if the 180° phase modulation method with a phase shift of 0° or 180° is used, the slot interval 513 corresponds to one swing period. As a wobble frequency modulation method, although the amplitude modulation (amplitude modulation) system for changing the wobble amplitude is easily affected by scratches or dust attached to the surface of the information storage medium, the above phase modulation is hardly adhering in comparison. The effect of scratches or dust on the surface of the information storage medium, because the phase change in the above phase modulation is detected instead of the signal amplitude. As another modulation system, in the FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) system for changing the frequency, the slot interval 513 is as long as the wobble period, and the synchronization of the PLL circuit is relatively difficult to achieve. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, when the address information is recorded by wobble phase modulation, beneficial effects can be obtained, the groove interval is narrowed, and the synchronization of the wobble signal is easily achieved.

As shown in FIG. 21, although binary data "1" or "0" is assigned to the 1 address bit area 511, FIG. 22 shows a method of assigning bits in this embodiment. As shown on the left side of FIG. 22, a wobble pattern is referred to as NPW (Normal Phase Wobble), data "0" is set, and the pattern is first wobbled from a wobble start position to the outer circumference. As shown on the right, a wobble pattern that wobbles from a wobble start position to the inner circumference first is referred to as IPW (Inverse Wobble), and data "1" is set.

As shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C , the width Wg of the pre-groove region 11 is greater than the width W1 of the land region 12 . Therefore, a problem arises that the detection signal level of the wobble detection signal is lowered and the C/N ratio is lowered. Contrary to the prior art, the non-modulation area is wider than the modulation area, so that the stability of detecting the wobble signal is improved.

The wobble address format in the H format in the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 30A to 30E. As shown in FIG. 30B, the physical segment block includes seven physical segments 550 to 556. As shown in FIG. 30C, each of physical segments 550-556 includes seventeen wobble data units 560-576. Each of wobble data units 560 to 576 includes: a modulation area including wobble sync area 580, modulation start marks 581 and 582, one of wobble address areas 586 and 587; and non-modulation areas 590 and 591 including continuous NPW. 23A to 23D show the ratio of the non-modulation area and the modulation area of each wobble data unit. In each of FIGS. 23A to 23D, the modulation area 598 includes 16 wobbles, and the non-modulation area 593 includes 68 wobbles. According to this embodiment, the non-modulation area 593 is wider than the modulation area 598 . Since the non-modulation area 593 is wide, the signal from the non-modulation area 593 can be used by the PLL circuit to stably synchronize the wobble detection signal, the write clock, or the reproduction clock. In order to perform stable synchronization, it is desirable to set the width of the non-modulation area 593 to at least twice that of the modulation area 598 .

A recording format of address information using wobble frequency modulation in the H format of the write-once type information storage medium according to the present invention will be described. The address information setting method using wobble modulation in this embodiment is characterized in that "assignment is performed within the sync frame length 433". One sector is composed of 26 sync frames, and an ECC block is composed of 32 physical sectors. Thus, an ECC block is composed of 32 physical sectors, consisting of 832 (=26*327) sync frames.

The wobble data is divided into 17 WDUs (Wobble Data Units) respectively on a physical segment×segment basis. From the above formula, it is obvious that 7 sync frames are respectively set into one wobble data length. In this way, a physical segment is composed of 17 wobble data units, and the length of 7 physical segments is adjusted to conform to the length of a data segment, so that it is easy to allocate sync frame boundaries and detect sync codes in the range including guard areas 442 to 468 .

Each of the wobble data units #0560 to #11 571 includes: a modulation area 598 of 16 wobbles; and a non-modulation area 592 to 593 of 68 wobbles, as shown in FIGS. 23A to 23D. This embodiment is characterized in that, for a modulation area, the duty ratios of the non-modulation areas 592 and 593 are very large. In the non-modulation areas 592 and 593, the groove area or the land area is always wobbled at a preset frequency, so that, by using the non-modulation areas 592 and 593, a PLL is used when writing a recording mark or using a PLL in the information storage medium. When recording the reference clock at the time of new recording, the reference clock can be sampled (generated) smoothly. In this way, in this embodiment, the duty cycle of the non-modulation areas 592 and 593 for a modulation area 598 is significantly improved, thereby significantly improving the sampling (generation) accuracy of the recording reference clock, and significantly improving the sampling (generation) stability. In other words, when phase modulation is performed during wobble, if the reproduced signal passes through a bandpass filter for waveform shaping, there is a phenomenon that the amplitude of the wave shape of the detection signal after shaping decreases before and after the phase change. Therefore, there is such a problem: due to phase modulation, when the frequency of the phase change point increases, the waveform amplitude change increases, and the sampling accuracy of the upper clock decreases; on the contrary, if the frequency of the phase change point in the modulation area is low, the displacement is easy when the swing address information is detected. occur. In this way, in this embodiment, the beneficial effect is obtained, that is, the modulation area and the non-modulation area are formed by the phase modulation, and the duty cycle of the non-modulation area is increased, thereby improving the sampling accuracy of the upper clock.

In this embodiment, the switching position between the modulation area and the non-modulation area can be predicted in advance. Thus, the reproduction signal is gated to obtain the signal from the non-modulation area, and the above clock can be sampled from the detection signal. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the recording layer 3-2 is composed of an organic dye recording material using the recording principle, using "3-2) Explanation of basic characteristics common to organic dye recording films in this embodiment". 3-2-D] In the case of the shape/width of the pregroove described in "Basic Characteristics of the Shape/Width of the Pregroove" in this embodiment, it is relatively difficult to obtain a wobble signal. In view of this, as described above, by significantly increasing the duty ratio of the modulation area and the non-modulation area 590 and 591, the reliability of wobble signal detection can be improved.

At the junction of the non-modulation areas 592 and 593 and the modulation area 598, an IPW area is set as a modulation start mark for the modulation area 598 using 4 wobbles or 6 wobbles. In the wobble data portion as shown in FIGS. 23C and 23D, allocation operation is performed so that the wobble address area (address bits #2 to #0) is wobble-modulated immediately after detecting the IPW area as this wobble start flag. FIGS. 23A and 23B respectively show the contents of the wobble data unit #0560 corresponding to the wobble sync area 580 shown in FIG. 24C described below; The wobble data part of 726 corresponds to the content of the wobble data unit. Figures 23A and 23C respectively show wobble data units corresponding to the main position 701 of the modulation area described below; Figures 23B and 23D respectively show wobble data units corresponding to the second position 702 of the modulation area. As shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, in the wobble synchronization area 580, 6 wobbles are arranged in the IPW area, and 4 wobbles are arranged in the NPW area surrounded by the IPW. As shown in FIG. 23C and FIG. 23D , all address bit areas #2 to #0 of the IPW area and the wobble data section are respectively configured with 4 wobbles.

24A to 24D show examples related to the data structure of wobble address information in a write-once type information storage medium. For comparison, FIG. 24A shows the data structure of wobble address information of a write-once type information storage medium. 24A and 24C show two embodiments related to the data structure of the wobble address information in the write-once information storage medium.

In the wobble address area 610, 12 wobbles are arranged for 3 address bits (see FIG. 21). That is, each address bit consists of four consecutive wobbles. Thus, the present embodiment employs a structure in which address information is allocated on a 3×3 address bit basis. When the wobble address information 610 is collectively recorded at one location of the information storage medium, it is difficult to detect all the information when dust or scratches are attached to the surface of the medium. As in this embodiment, beneficial effects can be obtained: the wobble address information 610 is allocated on the basis of any 3×3 address bits (12 wobbles) in any of the wobble data units 560 to 576; a group of information is allocated with three addresses It is recorded on the basis of an integer multiple of the square address bit, and even if it is difficult to detect a certain position information due to dust or scratches, it is possible to perform information detection of another item of information.

As described above, the wobble address information 610 is allocated, the wobble address information 610 is completely configured on a 1×1 physical sector basis, so that address information in a physical segment×segment basis can be determined, so that each information recording/reproduction When the device provides access, it can determine the current location of the physical segment unit.

In this embodiment, the NRZ technique is used as shown in FIG. 21 , so that the phase does not change in the 4 consecutive wobbles in the wobble address area 610 . The wobble sync area 580 is configured with this feature. That is, the wobble pattern which is difficult to generate in the wobble address information 610 is set according to the wobble sync area 580, so that allocation position determination of the wobble sync area 580 is easy. The characteristic of this embodiment is that: for the wobble address areas 586 and 587 in which an address bit consists of 4 consecutive wobbles, an address bit length different from the length of 4 wobbles is set at a certain position of the wobble synchronization area 580 . That is, as shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, in the wobble sync area 580, the area (IPW area) in which the wobble bit is set to "1" is set to a wobble pattern change which does not appear in the wobble data. Partially occurs as shown in FIGS. 23C and 23D such as "six swings→four swings→six swings". When the method of changing the wobble as described above is used for a specific method of setting the wobble pattern which is difficult to generate for the wobble data portion of the wobble sync area 580, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:

1) The wobble detection (wobble signal judgment) can be carried out stably without distorting the PLL related to the wobble slot position 512 (FIG. 21 ). The wobble detection is performed in the wobble signal detector unit 135 shown in FIG. 8 ;as well as

2) Due to the change of the address bit boundary position generated in the wobble signal detector unit 135 shown in FIG. 8, the wobble sync area 580 and the modulation start marks 561 and 562 can be easily detected.

As shown in FIGS. 23A to 23D , the feature of this embodiment is that: the wobble synchronization area 580 is composed of 12 wobble cycles, and the length of the wobble synchronization area 580 is set to be consistent with the length of three address bits. In this way, all the modulation areas (for 16 wobbles) in a wobble data unit #0 560 are arranged in this wobble sync area 580, thereby improving the ease of detection of the start position of the wobble address information 610 (allocation address of the wobble sync area 580) Spend. The wobble sync area 580 is configured in the first wobble data unit of a physical segment. In this way, an advantageous effect can be obtained: the wobble sync area 580 is arranged at the start position of a physical segment, whereby the boundary position of the physical segment can be easily sampled by only detecting the wobble sync area 580 position.

As shown in FIGS. 23C and 23D, in wobble data units #1 561 to #11 571, the IPW area (refer to FIG. 22 ) is configured as a modulation start flag at the start position, and this area is at address bits #2 to #0. The NPW waveform is successively formed in the non-modulation areas 592 and 593 at the previous positions. Thus, the wobble detector unit 135 shown in FIG. 8 detects a turning point from NPW to IPW and samples the position of the modulation start marker.

For reference, the content of the wobble address information 610 in a rewritable information storage medium shown in FIG. 24A is as follows:

1) Physical segment address 601

---Indicates the information of the physical segment number in the track (within one cycle of the information storage medium 221);

2) with address 602

---The address represents the serial number of the band in the information storage medium 221; and

3) Parity information 605

--- When reproduced in the wobble address information 610, this information is set for error detection; the 14-bit address bits from the reserved area information 604 to the band address 602 are respectively added to the address bit unit; in order to judge whether the addition result is even or odd , set up a monitor. The value of the parity information 605 is set so that, according to the sum of 15 address bits including the address bits of the address parity information 605, the result of ORing the address unit becomes "1".

4) Unity District 608

--- As mentioned above, each wobble data unit is configured to form the modulation area 598 of 16 wobbles, and the non-modulation areas 592 and 593 of 68 wobbles. For the modulation area 598, the duty of the non-modulation areas 592 and 593 than a significant increase. In addition, by increasing the duty cycle of the non-modulation areas 592 and 593, the sampling accuracy and stability of the reproduction reference clock or recording reference clock are remarkably improved. The NPW area is completely connected to the unity area 608, and is regarded as a non-modulation area with a uniform phase.

Fig. 24A shows the number of address bits in each item of the above information. As described above, the wobble address information 610 is divided into 3*3 address bits, and separate information items are assigned to each wobble data unit. Even if a burst error occurs due to dust or scratches attached to the surface of the information storage medium, the possibility of this error propagating among mutually different wobble data units is low. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to minimize the number of different wobble data units containing the same information as the record, and to match the turning points of the information items with the positions of the wobble data unit boundaries. In this way, even if a burst error occurs due to dust or scratches attached to the surface of the information storage medium, specific information cannot be read, by reading another item of information recorded in another wobble data unit, the wobble address information is improved. reliability of reproduction.

As shown in FIGS. 24A to 24D , this embodiment is characterized in that unified areas 608 and 609 are arranged at the end of the wobble address information 610 . As described above, in the unified areas 608 and 609, the wobble waveform is NPW-shaped, so that the NPW is continuously held in three actually consecutive wobble data units. Beneficial effects can be obtained: the wobble signal detector unit 135 shown in FIG. 8 utilizes this feature to search for the position of the continuous length of the three wobble data units 576NPW, so that the end of the wobble address information 610 can be easily set. The unified area 608 samples the position, and uses the position information to detect the start position of the wobble address information.

In the various address information shown in FIG. 24A, in adjacent tracks, the physical segment address 601 and the band address 602 represent the same value, wherein the value is between the adjacent tracks in the groove track address 606 and the land track address 607. change between. Therefore, the indeterminate bit area 504 appears in the area where the groove track address 606 and the land track address 607 are recorded. In order to reduce the frequency of such uncertain bits, in this embodiment, for the groove track address 606 and the land track address 607, the address (number) is displayed using Gray code. Gray code means such a code, when the original value only changes to "1", any position of the converted code changes to "1 bit". In this way, the frequency of indeterminate bits is reduced, and in addition to the wobble detection signal, it is possible to detect and stabilize reproduction of a signal from a recording mark.

As shown in FIG. 24B and FIG. 24C, except in the write-once type information storage medium, and in the rewritable type information storage medium, the wobble sync area 580 is set at the beginning position of the physical segment, so that the physical segment can be easily detected. The segment start position or the boundary position between adjacent segments. The type identification information 721 in the physical segment as shown in FIG. 24B indicates the allocation position in the wobble synchronization mode physical segment as the above-mentioned wobble sync area 580, so that the allocation position in another modulation area 598 in the same physical segment can be predicted in advance. , and prepare for the next modulation area detection. In this way, an advantageous effect can be obtained: the accuracy of signal detection (discrimination) in the modulation area is improved. especially,

When the type identification information 721 on a physical segment is set to "0", it indicates that all information items in the physical segment shown in Figure 26B are set in the main position, and also indicate the main position and the secondary position shown in Figure 26D mixed together; and

When the type identification information 721 on a physical segment is set to "1", as shown in FIG. 26C, all information items in a physical segment are set at secondary positions.

According to another embodiment related to the above embodiment, by using the combination of the wobble synchronization pattern and the type identification information 721 in a physical segment, the allocation position of the modulation area of a physical segment can be indicated. By utilizing the combination of the aforementioned two types of information, three or more types of modulation area allocation modes shown in FIG. 26B to FIG. 26D can be represented, and multiple allocation modes of the modulation area can be provided. While the above-mentioned embodiments show the allocation positions in the physical segment modulation area including the wobble sync area 580 and the physical segment type identification information 721, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as another embodiment, the wobble synchronization area 580 and the physical segment type identification information 721 may indicate the allocation position of the modulation area in the next physical segment. In this way, in the case of continuous tracking along the groove, beneficial effects can be obtained: the allocation position in the modulation area of the next physical segment can be determined in advance, and a long preparation time can be used for detecting the modulation area.

The layer number information 722 in the write-once type information storage medium shown in FIG. 24B indicates any one of single-sided single-layer or single-sided double-layer recording layers. This information indicates:

"L0 layer", when set to "0", in the case of a single-sided single-layer medium or a single-sided double-layer medium (the front layer on the incident side of the laser beam); and

When "1" is set, the "L1 layer" (the rear layer viewed from the laser beam incident side) is single-sided and double-layered.

The physical segment order information 724 indicates the allocation order of the related physical segments of the same physical segment block. Compared with FIG. 24A , it is obvious that the start position of the physical segment sequence information 724 in the wobble address information 610 is consistent with the start position of the physical segment address 601 in the rewritable information storage medium. The physical segment sequence information position is adjusted to conform to rewritable type media, thereby improving compatibility between media types, sharing or simplifying address detection control procedures using wobble signals in information recording/reproducing apparatuses that employ rewritable A rewritable information storage medium and a write-once information storage medium.

A data segment address 725 shown in FIG. 24B describes data segment address information in numbers. As already described, in this embodiment, one ECC block is composed of 32 sectors. Therefore, the least significant 5 bits of the physical sector number set at the start position of a special ECC block are consistent with the 5 bits of the sector number set at the start position of an adjacent ECC block. When a physical sector number has been set, the least significant 5 bits of the physical sector number of the set sector in an ECC block are set to "00000", and the least significant 6 bits of the physical sector numbers of all sectors in the same ECC block or Values of 6 bits or more agree with each other. Therefore, the least significant 5-bit data of the physical sector number in the same ECC block sector is deleted, and only the address information obtained by sampling the least significant 6 or more bits is defined as an ECC block address (or ECC block address) address number). The data segment address 725 (or physical segment block number information) recorded in advance by wobble modulation coincides with the above-mentioned ECC block address. In this way, due to the wobble modulation, when the location information in the physical segment block is represented by the data segment address, beneficial effects can be obtained: compared with the address when the address is displayed by the physical sector number, the amount of data is reduced on the basis of 5×5 bits, which simplifies access When the detection process of the current position.

The CRC code 726 shown in Fig. 24B and Fig. 24C is the CRC code (cyclic redundancy check) configured in the 24-bit address bits of the physical segment type identification information 721 to the data segment address 725, or configured in the segment information 727 to CRC code in the 24 address bits of the physical segment order information 724 . Even if a wobble modulated signal is partially read incorrectly, the signal can be partially corrected by the CRC code 726 .

In the write-once type information storage medium, an area related to 15 address bits is allocated to the unified area 609, and an NPW area is completely allocated in 5 wobble data units 12 to 16 (modulation area 598 does not exist).

The physical segment block address 728 shown in FIG. 24C is an address group for each physical segment block configured as a unit from 7 physical segments, and the physical segment block associated with the first segment block in the data lead-in area DTRDI The address is set to "1358h". The value of the physical segment block address is sequentially added one by one from the first physical segment block in the data lead-in area DTLDI to the last physical segment block in the data lead-out area DTLDO, including the data area DTA.

The physical segment sequence information 724 indicates the sequence of each physical segment in a physical segment block, the first physical segment is set to "0", and the last physical segment is set to "6".

The embodiment shown in FIG. 24C is characterized in that the physical segment block address 728 is set at a position before the physical segment sequence information 724 . For example, as in RMD field 1, address information is usually controlled by the physical segment block address. According to these management information, in the case of providing access to the preset segment block address, first, the wobble signal detector unit 135 shown in FIG. 8 detects the position of the wobble sync area 580 shown in FIG. The area 580 sequentially decodes the recorded information. In the case where the physical segment block address appears before the physical segment sequence information 724, first, the physical segment block address is decoded, and it is not necessary to decode the physical segment sequence information 724 to determine whether there is a preset physical segment block address . In this way, an advantageous effect can be obtained that the access capacity using the wobble address is improved.

Section information 727 is composed of type identification information 721 and a reserved area 723 . This type identification information 721 indicates the allocation position of the modulation area of the physical segment. When the value of the type identification information 721 is set to "0b", it indicates a state shown in FIG. 26B described later. When this information is set to "1b", it indicates the state shown in FIG. 26C or FIG. 26D described later.

This embodiment is characterized in that the type identification information 721 is provided immediately after the wobble sync area 580 shown in FIG. 24C. As described above, first, the wobble signal detector unit 135 shown in FIG. 8 detects the position of the wobble sync area 580 shown in FIG. 24C, and then, immediately after the wobble sync area 580, the recorded information is sequentially decoded. Therefore, the type identification information 721 is provided immediately after the wobble sync area 580, whereby the check of the allocation position of the modulation area of the physical segment can be performed immediately. In this way, high-speed access processing can be achieved using wobble addresses.

In this embodiment, the H format is used, and therefore, the predetermined value of the wobble signal is set to 697 kHz.

Now, an example of measurement of the maximum value (Cwmax) and minimum value (Cwmin) of the carrier level of the wobble detection signal will be described.

In the write-once type storage medium according to the present embodiment, a CLV (Constant Linear Velocity) recording system is used, and therefore, the wobble phase between adjacent tracks changes according to the track position. In the case where the wobble phases between adjacent tracks coincide with each other, the carrier level of the wobble detection signal is maximized and obtained as the maximum value (Cwmax). Furthermore, when the wobble phase between adjacent tracks is inverted, the wobble detection signal level is minimized due to crosstalk of adjacent tracks, and is obtained as a minimum value (Cwmin). Therefore, when a seek is performed along a track from its inner circumference to its outer circumference, the magnitude of the carrier wave of the wobble detection signal to be detected fluctuates within 4 track periods.

In the present embodiment, the wobble carrier signal is detected based on 4×4 tracks, and the maximum value (Cwmax) and minimum value (Cwmin) are measured based on 4×4 tracks. Then, at #03, 30 or more pairs of maximum values (Cwmax) and minimum values (Cwmin) are stored.

Next, at #04, the maximum amplitude (Wppmax) and minimum amplitude (Wppmin) are calculated from the average value of the maximum value (Cwmax) and minimum value (Cwmin) using the following formula.

In the following formula, R represents the termination resistance value of the spectrum analyzer. Now, a formula for converting Wppmax and Wppmin from Cwmax and Cwmin will be described.

In the dBm unit system, 0dBm=1mW is defined as a reference. When the power Wa=1mW, the obtained voltage amplitude Vo is as follows:

Wao=Ivo=Vo×Vo/R=1/1000W.

Therefore, Vo=(R/1000) ^1/2 is obtained.

Next, the relationship between the swing width Wpp[V] and the carrier level Cw[dMb] monitored by the spectrum analyzer is as follows. Here, Wpp represents a sine wave, so when the amplitude is converted to an actual rms value, it follows:

Wpp-rms＝Wpp/(2×2 ^1/2 )

Cw＝20×log(Wpp-rms/Wo)[dBm]

Therefore, Cw=10×log(Wpp-rms/Vo) ² is established.

When the log of the above formula is transformed, it follows:

(Wpp-rms/Vo) ²

=10 ^(Cw/10)

＝{[Wpp/(2×2 ^1/2 )]/Vo} ²

＝{Wpp/(2×2 ² )/(R/1000) ^1/2 } ²

=(Wpp ² /8)/(R/1000)

Wpp ²

＝(8×R)/(1000×10 ^(Cw/10) )

＝8×R×10 ^(-3) ×10 ^(Cw/10)

＝8×R×10 ^(Cw/10)(-3)

Wpp＝{8×R×10(Cw/10 ^(-3) )} ^1/2 (61)

As mentioned above, this embodiment achieves the following beneficial effects:

1) The ratio of the minimum value (Wppmin) of the amplitude of the wobble detection signal with respect to (I1-I2)pp as the track shift detection signal is set to 0.1 or more, thereby being compared with the dynamic range of the track shift detection signal , a sufficiently large swing detection signal is obtained. As a result, the detection accuracy of the wobble detection signal can be remarkably obtained.

2) The ratio between the maximum value (Wppmax) of the amplitude of the wobble detection signal (Wppmax) and the minimum value (Wppmin) of the amplitude of the wobble detection signal is set to 2.3 or less, so that the wobble signal can be stably detected without interference from the phase The crosstalk effect of the wobble of adjacent tracks is significant.

3) The value of NBSNR of the result obtained by square-wave-shaping the wobble detection signal is assigned to be equal to or greater than 26 dB, so that a stable wobble signal with a high C/N ratio can be assigned, and detection accuracy of the wobble signal can be improved .

In the write-once type information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention, a recording mark is formed in the groove area, and the CLV recording system is used. Thus, as described above, the wobble groove position is shifted between adjacent tracks, so that interference between adjacent wobble reproduced signals easily occurs along with the wobble. In order to eliminate this effect, in this embodiment, an invention is made to shift the modulation areas so that the modulation areas do not overlap each other between adjacent tracks.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 25 , the primary location 701 and the secondary location 702 are set as allocation locations of the modulation area. Basically, a method of changing the modulation area partly to the secondary position 702 is employed, assuming that a position where the modulation area partly overlaps occurs between adjacent tracks after the allocation is fully made in the primary position. For example, in FIG. 25 , when the modulation area of the groove area 505 is set as the main position, the modulation area of the adjacent groove area 502 and the modulation area of the groove area 506 partially overlap each other. In this way, the modulation area of the trench area 505 is moved to the secondary position. Thus, an advantageous effect can be obtained that a wobbled address can be reproduced smoothly by avoiding interference between adjacent track modulation areas of the reproduced signal in the wobbled address.

By exchanging the allocated positions in the same wobble data unit, specific primary and secondary positions associated with the modulation area are set. In this embodiment, the duty cycle of the non-modulation area is set higher than the duty cycle of the modulation area, so that the primary position and the secondary position can be exchanged with only a small allocation change in the same wobble data unit. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 23A and FIG. 23C, in the main position 701, the modulation area 598 is allocated at the beginning position of a wobble data unit. As shown in FIGS. 23B and 23D , in the secondary position 702 , the modulation area 598 is arranged at a position slightly behind the middle of one of the wobble data units 560 to 571 .

Within the coverage of the primary location 701 and the secondary location 702 shown in FIGS. 23A to 23D , that is, the range in which the primary location or the secondary location is continuously maintained is defined within the scope of the physical segment in this embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 26B to 26D, that is, three types (multiple types) of allocation patterns of the same physical segment modulation area are provided. When the wobble signal detector unit 135 as shown in FIG. 8 determines the allocation mode of the modulation area of the physical segment from the information in the physical segment type identification information 721, the allocation information of another modulation area 598 in the same physical segment can be predicted in advance . As a result, an advantageous effect can be obtained that the detection of the next modulation region can be prepared, and thus the accuracy of signal detection (judgment) can be improved.

FIG. 26B shows a diagram of allocation of wobble data units in a physical segment, where the number described in each frame represents the number of wobble data units in the same physical segment. The 0th wobble data unit is regarded as a sync field 711, as indicated in the first row. A wobble sync area exists in the modulation area of the sync field. The 1st to 11th wobble data units are taken as an address field 712 . Address information is recorded in the modulation area contained in the address field 712 . In addition, in the 12th to 16th wobble data units, all wobble patterns are formed in an NPW unified field 713 .

The mark "P" as described in FIGS. 26B, 26C and 26D indicates that the modulation area is set as the primary position of the wobble data unit; the mark "S" indicates that the modulation area is set as the secondary position of the wobble data unit. A mark "U" indicates that the wobble data unit is included in the unified field 713, and no modulation area exists. An allocation mode of the modulation area shown in FIG. 26B indicates that all areas of the physical segment are set as primary locations; a modulation area-allocation mode shown in FIG. 26C indicates that all areas of the physical segment are set as secondary positions. In Fig. 26D, primary and secondary locations are mixed in the same physical segment; one modulation field is set for each primary location from 0th to 5th wobble data unit, and one modulation field is set for every primary location from 6th to 11th Shake data unit every minor position. As shown in Figure 26D, according to adding a synchronization field 711 and an address field 712 to obtain a region, the main position and the secondary position are divided into two parts with respect to this region, thus, it is possible to well avoid the interference of adjacent track modulation regions. overlapping.

Now, a method of recording the aforementioned data segment data will be described in terms of physical segments or physical segment blocks in which address information is previously recorded by wobble modulation as described above. Data is recorded in a recording cluster unit as a unit for continuously recording data in a rewritable type information storage medium and a write-once type information storage medium. Since a recording cluster as a rewriting unit is formed of one or more data segments, a mixed recording process can be easily performed for the same information storage medium. PC data (PC file) in which a small amount of data is often rewritten many times and AV data (AV file) in which a large amount of data is continuously recorded each time. That is, for data used by personal computers, a relatively small amount of data is often rewritten many times. Therefore, by setting data units that minimize overwriting or additional writing, a recording method suitable for PC data is obtained. In this embodiment, one ECC block is composed of 32 physical sectors. In this way, by performing rewriting or additional writing in the data segment unit including only one ECC block, the smallest unit that can effectively perform rewriting or additional writing is obtained. Therefore, the structure in this embodiment can be obtained as a recording structure suitable for PC data (PC file), in which one or more data segments are contained in a recording cluster representing a rewritable unit or an additional writing unit. In AV (Audio Video) data, it is necessary to continuously record a large amount of video image information and sound information, smoothly without any problem. In this way, consecutively recorded data are collectively recorded as a recording cluster. In AV data recording, when the amount of random shift, data segment structure, or data segment attributes are switched to configure a recording cluster on a data segment × segment basis, it takes a lot of time for switching processing, and it is difficult to perform continuous recording. process. In this embodiment, when the data segments of the same format (the attribute or the random shift amount remains unchanged, and no special information is inserted between the data segments) are continuously set, a record cluster is configured to provide a suitable AV data recording method. A recording format for continuously recording large amounts of data. In addition, a simplified structure in a recording cluster can be obtained, and a simplified recording control circuit and reproduction detector circuit can be obtained, and the cost of the information recording/reproducing apparatus or the information reproducing apparatus can be reduced. The data structure of the record cluster 540 in which the data segments (except the extended protection field 528 ) are continuously arranged in the record cluster is completely consistent with that of the read-only information storage medium and the write-once information storage medium. In this way, a common data structure is provided for all information storage media, whether they are read-only, write-once or rewritable, thus configuring the compatibility of the media. Furthermore, the information recording/reproducing apparatus or a detector circuit in the information reproducing apparatus for which compatibility has been set can be commonly used; high reliability of reproduction is achieved, and cost reduction is achieved.

In the guard zone of the rewritable medium, postamble areas 546 and 536; extra areas 544 and 534; buffer areas 547 and 537; VFO areas 532 and 522; preamble areas 533 and 523, the extended guard field 528 is only set At the position where continuous recording terminates. The present embodiment is characterized in that rewriting or additional writing is performed so that the extended guard area 528 and the subsequent VFO area 522 partially overlap each other at the duplication position 591 during rewriting. When partial duplication is retained, by overwriting or additional writing, it is possible to avoid recording a space (area where a recording mark is not formed) generated between clusters. In addition, by eliminating interlayer crosstalk in the information storage medium, a smooth reproduced signal can be detected, enabling recording in double recording layers on one side.

In this embodiment, the rewritable data size of a data segment is 67+4+77376+2+4+16=77469 (data bytes). One wobble data unit 560 is 6+4+6+68=84 times (wobble). A physical segment 550 is composed of 17 wobble data units, and the lengths of the seven physical segments 550 to 556 are consistent with the length of a data segment 531 . Thus, 84*17*7=9996 times (wobbles) are set in one segment 531 length. Therefore, in the above formula, 77496/9996=7.75 (number of data bytes/wobble) corresponds to one wobble.

The overlapping portion of the subsequent VFO area 522 and the extended guard field 528 is followed by 24 wobbles from the start position of a physical segment. The 16 wobbles at the beginning of the physical segment 550 are configured in the wobble sync area 580, and the subsequent 68 wobbles are configured in the non- modulation area 590 . Therefore, the overlapping portion of the VFO area 522 and the extended guard field 528 with 24 wobbles is included in the non-modulation area 590 . In this way, the data segment start position is accompanied by 24 wobbles from the physical segment start position, whereby an overlapping portion is included in the non-modulation area 590 . In addition, the detection time and preparation time for the recording process of the wobble sync area 580 can be long, thus ensuring a smooth and accurate recording process.

A phase-change recording film is used for the recording film of the rewritable information storage medium of this embodiment. In the phase-change recording film, the deterioration of the recording film starts near the start/end position of rewriting. Thus, if recording start/recording end are repeated at the same position, the amount of overwriting is limited due to deterioration of the recording film. In this embodiment, in order to reduce the above-mentioned problem, when rewriting, JM ₊₁ /12 data bytes are changed, and the recording start position is changed randomly.

Although the start position of the extended guard field 528 coincides with the start position of the VFO area 522, strictly speaking, in this embodiment, the start position of the VFO area 522 is randomly changed in order to explain the basic concept.

Phase-change recording films are used as recording films in DVD-RAM disks, current rewritable information storage media, and the start/end positions of recording are randomly changed in order to increase the number of times of rewriting. When the random change amount is implemented on the current DVD-RAM disc, the maximum change amount range is set to 8 data bytes. The channel bit length (eg, modulated data, to be recorded in the disc) in the current DVD-RAM disc is set to 0.143 [mu]m on average. In the rewritable information storage medium according to this embodiment, the average length of channel bits is taken as (0.087+0.093)/2=0.090 (μm). In the case where the physical shift range length is adjusted to fit the current DVD-RAM disc, by using the above values, the minimum length required as a random shift range in this embodiment is taken as:

8 bytes × (0.143μm/0.090μm) = 12.7 bytes

In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the reproduction signal detection process, the random variation unit is adjusted to match the modulated "channel bit". In this embodiment, the ETM modulation (8 to 12 modulation) that converts 8 bits to 12 bits is adopted, and when the data byte is defined as a reference, the formula expression representing the random shift amount is designated as J _m /12( data bytes). Using the value in the above formula, the value obtained by J _m is 12.7×12=152.4, thus, J _m ranges from 0 to 152. Due to the above reasons, within the range of the above formula, the length of the random shift range is consistent with that of the current DVD-RAM disk, and the number of rewriting times similar to that of the current DVD-RAM disk can be guaranteed. In this embodiment, in order to allocate the current and more rewriting times, a small margin is provided for the required minimum length, and the length of the random variation range is set to 14 (data bytes). In these formulas, 14*12=168 is established, so that the value obtained from J _m is set in the range of 0 to 167. As described above, the random shift amount is defined in a range wider than J _m /12 (0≤J _m≤154 ), whereby the length of the physical range related to the random shift amount corresponds to the length of the current DVD-RAM . In this way, a beneficial effect is obtained that the number of repeated recordings similar to that of the current DVD-RAM can be guaranteed.

The lengths of the buffer area 547 and the VFO area 532 of the recording cluster 540 are constant. The random shift amount J _m in all data segments 529 is obtained as the same value in the same recording cluster 540 . In the case of continuous recording of a recording cluster 540 including a large number of data segments, the recording position is detected by wobbling. That is to say, the position of the wobble sync area 580 shown in FIGS. 24A to 24D is detected, in the non-modulation areas 592 and 593 shown in FIGS. 23C and 23D, when the number of wobbles is calculated, while recording Detection of the recording position of the information storage medium is performed. At this time, due to wrong number of wobbles or non-uniform rotation of a rotary motor that rotates the information storage medium, wobble slip (recording at a changing position in one wobble cycle) occurs, and the recording position of the information storage medium is slightly shifted. The information storage medium according to the present embodiment is characterized in that adjustment is performed in the rewritable protected area 461 and recording timing correction is performed in the protected area 461 in the case where a change in the recording position is detected as described above. Now, an H format will be described. As described later, the basic concept is used in the B format. Although important information that does not cause bit loss or bit duplication is recorded in a postamble area 546, an extra area 544, and a preamble area 533, special patterns are repeated in the buffer area 547 and the VFO area 532. In this way, only the loss or duplication of one pattern is allowed as long as the repeat boundary position is set. Therefore, in particular, in this embodiment, adjustments are made in the buffer area 547 or the VFO area 532 to realize recording timing correction.

In this embodiment, the actual start position defined as the reference position setting is set so as to match the swing amplitude "0" (swing center) position. However, the swing position detection accuracy is reduced, so that, in this embodiment, the maximum allowable variation of the actual starting position is ±1 data byte, which is described as "±1 maximum value".

The random shift amount in the data segment 530 is defined as J _m (as mentioned above, the random shift amounts of all data segments in the recording cluster 540 are consistent with each other); the random shift amount of the data segment 531 to be additionally written is defined as J _m+1 . For the values obtained from J _m and J _m+1 as shown in the above formula, for example, when the intermediate value is taken, J _m =J _m+1 =84 is obtained. When the position accuracy of the actual start point is very high, the start position of the extended guard field 528 coincides with the start position in the VFO area 522 .

On the contrary, after the data segment 530 is recorded at the position behind the maximum value, when the data segment 531 to be additionally written or rewritten has been recorded at the position in front of the maximum value, the VFO area 522 start position can enter the buffer zone 537 at the maximum value. 15 data bytes. Particularly important information is recorded in the extra area immediately before the buffer area 537 . Therefore, in this embodiment, the length of the buffer 537 needs to be 16 data bytes or more. In this embodiment, the buffer data volume is set to 15 data bytes, and it is considered to leave a margin of 1 data byte.

As a result of the random shift, if a gap occurs between the extended guard area 528 and the VFO area 522, interlayer crosstalk occurs at the time of reproduction due to the gap in the case of a single-sided double recording layer structure. Thus, even if a random shift occurs, the present invention is contrived so that the extended guard field 528 and the VFO area 522 partially overlap each other without producing a gap. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to set the length of the extended protection field 528 to be equal to or greater than 15 data bytes. The following VFO area 522 is large enough to accommodate 71 data bytes. In this way, even if the overlapping area of the extended guard field 528 and the VFO area 522 is slightly widened, there will be no obstacle in signal reproduction (because the time to obtain the synchronization of the reproduction reference clock is sufficiently set in the non-overlapping VFO area 522). Therefore, the extended protection field 528 may be set to a value greater than 15 data bytes. As already described, a fine wobble slip occurs at the time of continuous recording, and the recording position can be shifted by one wobble cycle. One wobble period corresponds to 7.75 (≈8) data bytes, thus, in this embodiment, the length of the extended guard field 528 is set to be equal to or greater than 23 (=15+8) data bytes. In this embodiment, like the buffer 537, the length of the extended protection field 528 is set to 24 data bytes, and a margin of 1 data byte is also considered.

The recording start position of the recording cluster 541 needs to be set accurately. The information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present embodiment detects the recording start position using a wobble signal recorded in advance in a rewritable or write-once information storage medium. As shown in FIGS. 23A to 23D, in all areas other than the wobble sync area 580, the mode changes from NPW to IPW in units of four wobbles. In comparison, in the wobble sync area 580, the wobble transform unit is partially changed in four wobbles, so that the wobble sync area 580 can detect the position very easily. Thus, the information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present embodiment detects the position of the wobble sync area 580, thus making preparations for the recording process and starting recording. Thus, it is necessary to set the start position of a recording cluster 541 in the non-modulation area 590 immediately after the wobble sync area 580 . The wobble sync area 580 is set immediately after the physical segment switching position. The length of the wobble sync area 580 is defined as 16 wobble periods. In addition, after the wobble sync area 580 is detected, 8 wobble cycles are required for preparing the recording process in consideration of a margin. Therefore, even in consideration of random shifting, it is very necessary that the start position of the VFO area 522 in the start position of the recording cluster 541 be set after 24 or more wobbles from a physical segment change position.

The recording process is performed multiple times at the duplication location 591 upon rewriting. When rewriting is repeated, the physical shape of the wobbled groove or the wobbled land changes (degrades), and the amount of the wobbled reproduction signal decreases. In this embodiment, the present invention is invented so that the duplication position 591 is recorded in the non-modulation area 590 without entering the wobble sync area 580 or the wobble address area 586 at the time of rewriting or additional writing. In the non-modulation area 590, only the preset wobble pattern (NPW) is repeated. Thus, even if the portion of the wobbled reproduction signal amount is reduced, the interpolation operation can be performed using the forward and backward wobbled reproduction signal. In this way, at the time of rewriting or additional writing, the position of the duplication position 591 is set so as to be included in the non-modulation area 590 . In this way, an advantageous effect can be obtained in that a smooth wobble detection signal of wobble address information 610 can be secured while avoiding a reduction in reproduction signal amount due to degraded wobbles of shape in wobble sync area 580 or wobble address area 586 .

The above description mainly relates to single-sided single-layer discs. The following description refers to single-sided multi-layer (here, dual-layer) discs. Those parts that are the same as those described above will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and their detailed descriptions will be omitted.

Measurement conditions

The characteristics of the recording medium are determined according to the DVD specification, and it is necessary to test whether the recording medium satisfies the specification before selling the recording medium. For this purpose, an apparatus for measuring the characteristics of the recording medium is required, and the measurement conditions of the measuring apparatus are determined with the specification. The characteristics of the optical head used to measure the characteristics of the medium were adjusted as follows.

Wavelength λ: 405±5nm

Polarization: circularly polarized light

Polarizing beam splitter PBS: should use

Numerical aperture: 0.65±0.01

Light intensity at the pupil edge of the objective: 55% to 70% of the maximum intensity level

Wavefront aberration after passing through an ideal substrate: 0.033λmax

Normalized detector size on disk: 100<A/m2<144μm, where

A: The central detector area of the optical head

M: Lateral magnification from disk to detector

Relative Intensity Noise (RIN)* of the laser diode: -125dB/Hz (maximum).

*: RIN(dB/Hz)＝10log[(AC power density/Hz)/DC power]

Cross-sectional structure of single-sided double-layer recordable disk

Fig. 31 shows a cross-sectional view of a single-sided dual-layer recordable disc (write-once disc). The single-sided dual-layer disc has a first transparent substrate 2-3 made of polycarbonate on one side of the incident plane (reading surface) of the laser beam 9 emitted from the objective lens. The first transparent substrate 2-3 has translucency with respect to the wavelength of the laser beam. The wavelength of the laser beam is 405 (±5) nm.

A first recording layer (Layer 0) 3-3 is provided on a plane opposite to the light incident side of the first transparent substrate 2-3. Pits corresponding to recording information are provided to the first recording layer 3-3. An optical semitransparent layer 4-3 is provided on the first recording layer 3-3.

A spacer layer 7 is provided on the light translucent layer 4-3. This spacer layer 7 serves as a transparent substrate for layer 1 and has transparency for the wavelength of the laser beam.

On the plane opposite to the light incident plane of the spacer layer 7, a second recording layer (layer 1) 3-4 is provided. Pits corresponding to recording information are provided to the second recording layer 3-4. A light reflection layer 4-4 is provided on the second recording layer 3-4. A substrate 8 is provided on the light reflection layer 4-4.

The thickness of the spacer layer 7

The thickness of the spacer layer 7 in the single-sided dual-layer write-once disc is 25.0±5.0 μm. If the spacer layer 7 is thinner, the interlayer crosstalk will be larger, which makes it difficult to manufacture, so the measure of thickness is adjusted. In the single-sided double-layer read-only recording medium, the thickness of the spacer layer 7 is 20.0±5.0 μm. Because the write-once recording medium is under the influence of its interlayer crosstalk greater than that of the read-only recording medium, the single-sided dual-layer write-once disc is made slightly thicker than the read-only recording medium, and The central value of the thickness of the spacer layer 7 is adjusted to 25 μm or more.

reflection with birefringence

The reflectivity in the system lead-in area and system lead-out area is 4.5 to 9.0% for the high-to-low disc and 4.2 to 8.4% for the low-to-high disc. The reflectivity in the data lead-in area, data area, middle area and data lead-out area is 4.5 to 9.0% for low to high discs.

The higher the reflectivity, the better. There are limits, however, and those limits are determined so that the number of times of repeated reproduction and the characteristics of the reproduced signal satisfy predetermined criteria. Since the recording layer as layer 0 must be translucent, its refractive index is lower than that of a single layer.

crosstalk between layers

As described above, a single-sided multilayer recording medium has a problem in that light reflected from other layers has an influence on reproduced signals (crosstalk between layers). To describe in detail, when the recording state of a signal of another layer (for example, layer 0) to be irradiated with a reproduction light beam changes during reproduction of one layer (for example, layer 1), there arises a problem that during reproduction Layer 1 signals are offset by crosstalk. In addition, when a signal is recorded on layer 1, the optimum recording power varies depending on whether layer 0 has been recorded or not. The reason for these problems is the fact that, for example, the transmittance and reflectance of a recording medium with layer 0 vary depending on the recorded or unrecorded state, or the fact that the thickness of the spacer layer cannot be made thinner in order to reduce aberration. big facts. However, physically reducing this property is extremely difficult. Thus, the optical disc of the present embodiment has a feature that no offset is generated in the signal by providing each layer with a clearance (area in a constant recording state).

Clearance Definition

In a multi-layer disc, a beam of light focused on one layer of the disc spreads to other layers of the disc and is reflected at the other layers as well as at the layer on which the light was focused, as shown in FIG. 32 . Therefore, reading and writing of this layer is affected by light beams reflected on other layers of the disc. To mitigate this effect, the state of the other layers of the disc should be uniform in terms of the presence of recorded marks. On other layers of the disc relative to the focal point are defined zones that affect the read and write quality of that layer. Subsequently, reading and writing at one point on one layer should be restricted by keeping the zones on the other layers of the disc uniform. The radial distance of the zones is called "clearance". See Figure 33.

The clearance is calculated considering three elements: the maximum relative deviation of the radius between layer 0 and layer 1, the maximum relative radial runout between layer 0 and layer 1, and the radius of the beam on other layers. These values are defined as follows;

Maximum relative deviation of radius between layer 0 and layer 1:

_Rdmax = 40μm

Maximum relative runout between layer 0 and layer 1:

_Rrmax ＝(40+60)/2＝50μm

Theoretical radius of the beam on other layers:

R _{c_theoretical} = T _sl × tan(sin ^-1 (NA/n)) = 14 μm

Here T _sl is the maximum thickness of the spacer layer 30 μm, NA is the numerical aperture = 0.65 and n is the refractive index of the spacer layer 1.5.

Since the intensity of this beam is highest at the center and lowest at the edges, the actual radius _{Rc_principal} can effectively be set to about 10 μm.

The disc clearance Cl is calculated by the following equation:

Cl = Rd _max + Rr _max + R _{c_principal} = 100 μm

The information area format is established taking into account clearances on the borders of the areas in the information area.

NOTE: Figure 33 depicts the concept of location shifting.

Relative deviations in radii do not necessarily result in outward movement in layer 1, and relative radial runouts do not necessarily result in inward movement in layer 0.

Example of clearance in physical sector numbers

Simplifying the clearance in the number of physical sectors is useful from a compatibility point of view. AM in FIG. 35 should be used for the slack in the number of physical sectors at position M (see FIG. 34).

FIG. 34 shows the physical sector number PSN of layer 0 and recordable physical sectors of layer 1 corresponding to the physical sector number PSN. The physical sector numbers of layer 0 and layer 1 have a bit inverse relationship.

General parameters

Conventional parameters of a single-sided dual-layer write-once disc are shown in FIG. 36 . These parameters are similar to conventional parameters for single-sided single-layer write-once discs. The following differ from those of single-sided single-layer write-once discs; user data capacity (30 GB), inner radius of the data zone (24.6 mm for layer 0, 24.7 mm for layer 1), and outer radius of the data zone (for layers 0 and 1). Layer 1 is 58.1 mm).

Information area format

The information area is divided into 7 parts: system lead-in area, connection area, data lead-in area, data area, intermediate area, data lead-out area and system lead-out area. Only one information area extends over two layers. An intermediate region on each layer allows the readout beam to move from layer 0 to layer 1 . See Figure 40. The data area is used to record master data. The system lead-in area contains control data and reference codes. The data lead-out area allows continuous smooth readout.

track structure

The system lead-in and system lead-out areas contain tracks consisting of a series of embossed pits. The tracks in the system lead-in and system lead-out regions form a continuous spiral twisted 360°. The center of the track is the center of the pit.

The track from the data lead-in area to the middle area on layer 0 and the track from the middle area to the data lead-out area on layer 1 form a continuous spiral twisted 360°.

The data lead-in area, data area and middle area on layer 0 and the middle area, data area and data lead-out area on layer 1 consist of a series of groove tracks. The groove track is continuous on layer 0 from the start of the data lead-in area to the end of the middle area and on layer 1 from the start of the middle area to the end of the data lead-out area. If two single-sided single-layer discs are glued to each other, a double-sided double-layer disc with two readout sides is produced.

Layers are defined opposite a read-out side of the disc. HD DVD-R for dual-layer discs has two layers labeled Layer 0 and Layer 1 on each read side. Layer 0 is the layer closest to the readout surface and layer 1 is the layer furthest from the readout surface.

HD DVD-R for dual-layer discs can be single-sided or double-sided. There are four layers for double sided discs. The two layers of each side are individually accessed through the opposite side of the disc.

turn around

The disk rotates in a counterclockwise direction as viewed from the readout face. The track spirals outward on layer 0 from the inner diameter to the outer diameter. The track spirals inwardly on layer 1 from the outer diameter to the inner diameter.

track layout

Each track in the system lead-in area and system lead-out area is divided into data segments. Each track in the data lead-in area, data area, data lead-out area, and intermediate area is divided into PS (Physical Segment) blocks. Each PS block shall be divided into seven physical segments. Each physical segment contains 11067 bytes.

Lead-in, lead-out and intermediate areas

A schematic diagram of the lead-in area and the lead-out area is shown in FIG. 37 . A schematic diagram of the original intermediate region on layer 0 and layer 1 is shown in FIG. 38 . The layout of the middle area can be changed by middle area expansion. Fig. 38 shows the original middle area before expansion. The boundary of each zone and each area in the lead-in area, lead-out area and intermediate area coincides with the boundary of the data segment.

A system lead-in area, a connection area, a data lead-in area, and a data area are provided in order from the innermost circumference on the inner circumference side of layer 0 . A system lead-out area, a connection area, a data lead-out area, and a data area are provided in order from the innermost circumference on the inner circumference side of layer 1 . In this way, since the data lead-in area including the management area is provided only to layer 0, information on layer 1 is also written in the data lead-in area of layer 0 when layer 1 is finally completed. Therefore, all management information can be obtained by reading only layer 0 at startup, and there is an advantage that there is no need to read layer 0 and layer 1 one by one. Note that in order to record data on layer 1, the entire layer 0 must be written. The management area will be filled when the disc is finalized.

The system lead-in area of layer 0 is composed of an initial zone, a buffer zone, a control data zone, and a buffer zone sequentially from the inner peripheral side. The data lead-in area of layer 0 is composed of a blank zone, a guard track zone, a drive test zone, a disk test zone, a blank zone, an RMD duplication zone, an L-RMD (record management zone in the data lead-in zone), an R physical format information zone, and The reference code band is sequentially formed from the inner circumference side. The start address (inner circumference side) of the data area of layer 0 and the end address (inner circumference side) of the data area of layer 1 are shifted by a clearance distance, and the end address (inner circumference side) of the data area of layer 1 is at The side outside the start address (inner circumference side) of the data area of layer 0.

The data lead-out area of layer 1 is composed of a blank zone, a disc test zone, a drive test zone, and a guard track zone sequentially from the inner peripheral side.

The blank zone is a zone having grooves, but no data is recorded thereon. The guard track zone is a zone on which a special pattern for testing is recorded, and unmodulated data "00" is recorded thereon. The guard track zone of layer 0 is provided for recording on the disc test zone and drive test zone of layer 1 . Thus, the guard track zone of layer 0 corresponds to the range obtained by adding at least clearance to the disk test zone and drive test zone of layer 1 . The guard track zone of layer 1 is provided for recording on the drive test zone, disk test zone, blank zone, RMD duplication zone, L-RMD), R physical format information zone and reference code zone of layer 0. Therefore, the guard track zone of layer 1 corresponds to the one obtained by adding at least the clearance to the drive test zone, disc test zone, blank zone, RMD duplication zone, L-RMD, R physical format information zone and reference code zone of layer 0 scope.

As shown in FIG. 38, each of the middle areas of both layer 0 and layer 1 is composed of a guard track zone, a drive test zone, a disc test zone, and a blank zone in this order from the inner peripheral side. The guard track zone of layer 0 is provided for recording on the drive test zone and disc test zone of layer 1 . Thus, the end position of the guard track zone of layer 0 is on the outer circumferential side from the start position of the disc test zone of layer 1 by at least one clearance distance. The blank tape of layer 1 is provided for recording on the drive test tape and disc test tape of layer 0. Thus, the end position of the blank strip for layer 1 is on the inner circumferential side at least one clearance distance from the start position of the drive test strip for layer 0 .

track path

In this embodiment, in order to maintain the continuity of recording from layer 0 to layer 1, a reverse track path as shown in FIG. 39 is used. In sequential recording, the routine proceeds to recording to layer 1 only when recording to layer 0 is complete.

(Physical Sector Layout)

Each PS block contains 32 physical sectors. In HD DVD-R for dual-layer discs, the physical sector number (PSN) of layer 0 increases continuously in the system lead-in area and increases continuously from the beginning of the data lead-in area to the end of the middle area, as shown in Figure 40 Show. However, the PSN of layer 1 adopts the inverse value of the PSN of layer 0, and continuously increases from the beginning (outside) of the middle area to the end (inside) of the data lead-out area and from the outside of the system lead-out area to the end of the system lead-out area. The inside increases continuously.

Bit negation numbers are calculated so that a bit value of 1 becomes a bit value of 0, and vice versa. Physical sectors with mutually bit-reversed PSNs on each layer are approximately the same distance from the center of the disc.

A physical sector whose PSN is X is contained in a PS block whose PS block address is calculated by dividing X by 32 and rounding the decimal.

The PSN in the system lead-in area is calculated by making the physical sector placed at the end of the system lead-in area "131071" (01FFFFh).

The PSN in layer 0 other than the system lead-in area is calculated by making the PSN of the physical sector placed at the beginning of the data area after the data lead-in area be "262144" (040000h). The PSN in layer 1 other than the system lead-out area is calculated by making the PSN of the physical sector placed at the beginning of the data area after the middle area "9184256" (BC 2400h).

physical segment structure

The data lead-in area, data area, middle area and data lead-out area contain physical segments. A physical segment is specified by a physical segment order and a PS block address.

WAP layout

The physical segment corresponds to wobble address (WAP) information in a periodic position modulated in the wobble. Each WAP message is represented by 17 wobble data units (WDU). The length of the physical segment is equal to the length of 17 WDUs. The layout of the WAP is shown in Figure 41, which corresponds to Figures 24C and 24D for single-sided single-layer discs. The numbers in the fields of the WAP layout indicate the number of WDUs in the physical segment. The first WDU is 0 in a physical segment.

In WAP, b0 to b8 describe CRC, b9 to b11 describe physical segment order, b12 to b30 describe PS block address, and b31 to b32 describe segment information. Among the section information, b31 describes a reserved area, and b32 describes a type. Type indicates the type of physical segment (0b is type 1 (FIG. 26B), 1b is type 2 (FIG. 26C) or type 3 (FIG. 26D). PS block addresses are assigned to individual PS blocks. For physical segment order, 000b is set to The first physical segment in the PS block, and the physical segment order is assigned to the other six types of physical segments in the same manner.

swing data unit

A Wobble Data Unit (WDU) consists of 84 wobbles. The period of the swing is equal to 93T, where T represents the channel clock period. The main WDU in the SYNC field is shown in FIG. 42 .

The main WDU in the address field is shown in FIG. 43 . In the address field, 3 bits are recorded, with 0b as a normal phase wobble (NPW) and 1b as an inverted phase wobble (IPW).

The Secondary WDU in the SYNC field is shown in FIG. 44 .

The Secondary WDU in the address field is specified in FIG. 45 . In the address field, 3 bits are recorded, with 0b as a normal phase wobble (NPW) and 1b as an inverted phase wobble (IPW).

The WDU in the unified field is shown in FIG. 46 . WDUs for uniform fields are not modulated.

bit modulation rules

NPW and IPW are recorded on the track with waveforms shown in FIG. 22 . The start position of the physical segment coincides with the start position of the SYNC field.

There are two possible modulated swing positions, Primary WDU and Secondary WDU are shown in Figures 42 to 45. Usually the primary WDU is selected. However, it is possible that during the control there will already be modulated wobbles in adjacent tracks. In this case, the secondary WDU is chosen to avoid placing the modulated wobbles side-by-side, as shown in Figure 25. The physical segments are classified by modulated wobble position, referred to as Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3, as shown in Figures 26A to 26D.

The type of physical segment is selected according to the following rules.

1) Type 1 or Type 2 physical segments are continuously repeated equal to or more than 10 times.

2) Type 2 physical segments are repeated no more than 28 times in succession.

3) A type 3 physical segment can be selected once at a transition position from a type 1 physical segment to a type 2 physical segment.

4) The modulated wobble position is separated from one of the adjacent tracks by a length of more than 2 wobbles.

Lead-in, lead-out and intermediate areas

A schematic diagram of a lead-in area and a lead-out area is shown in FIG. 47 . The system lead-in area is composed of an initial zone, a buffer zone, a control data zone and a buffer zone sequentially from the inner circumference side. The connection zone is composed of a connection zone and a blank zone sequentially starting from the inner circumference side. The data lead-in area consists of a guard track zone, a drive test zone, a disk test zone, a blank zone, an RMD duplication zone, a recording management zone (L-RMD) in the data lead-in zone, an R physical format information zone, and a reference code zone from the inner circumference The sides start to be composed sequentially.

The detailed contents of the system lead-in area will be described below. The initial zone contains the embossed data segments. The main data of the data frame recorded as the data segment of the initial zone is set to "00h".

The buffer zone contains 1024 physical sectors from 32 data segments. The main data of the data frame finally recorded as a data segment in this zone is set to "00h".

The control data zone contains the embossed data segments. This data field contains embossed control data. This control data consists of 192 data segments starting from PSN 123904 (01 E400h). The structure of the control data zone is shown in FIG. 48 .

The structure of the data segment in the control data section is shown in Fig.49. The contents of the first data segment in the control data section are repeated 16 times. The first physical sector in each data segment contains physical format information. The second physical sector in each data segment contains disc manufacturing information. The third physical sector in each data segment contains copyright protection information. The contents of other physical sectors in each data segment are reserved for system use.

The structure of the physical format information included in the control data section is shown in FIG. 50 .

The functional description of each byte position is described below. The values assigned to read power, recording speed, data zone reflectivity, push-pull signal and on-track signal given in BP 132-154 are for example only. These values are determined by the manufacture of the disc, and their actual values are selected from those satisfying the embossing conditions and the characteristics of the recorded user data.

The details of the data area allocation given in BP 4-15 are shown in FIG. 51. BP149 and BP152 specify the reflectance of the data area of layer 0 and layer 1. For example, 00001010b means 5%. The actual reflectance is specified by the formula below.

Actual reflectance = value × (1/2)

BP150 and BP153 specify the push-pull signals for layer 0 and layer 1. Bit b7 specifies the track shape of the disc for each layer. Bits b6 to b0 specify the amplitude of the push-pull signal.

Track shape: 0b (track on groove)

1b (track on the land)

Push-pull signal: For example, 010 1000b represents 0.40.

The actual amplitude of the push-pull signal is specified by the formula below.

The actual amplitude of the push-pull signal = value × (1/100)

BP151 and BP154 specify the amplitude of the signals on the tracks of layer 0 and layer 1.

Signal on track: For example, 0100 0110b represents 0.70.

The actual amplitude of the signal on the track is specified by the formula below.

The actual amplitude of the signal on the track = value × (1/100)

Connection area on layer 0

The connection area on layer 0 is used to connect the system lead-in area and the data lead-in area. The distance between the center line of the end physical sector whose PSN is 01 FFFFh in the system lead-in area and the center line of the start physical sector whose PSN is 02 6B00h in the data lead-in area is 1.36 μm to 5.10 μm. If the disk is a single-layer disk, the upper limit of the distance is 10.20 μm. This is because there is interlayer crosstalk in the bilayer. It is preferable for a double-layer disk that the thickness is small. The connection area has no embossed pits or grooves.

Data import area

The data segment of the blank zone contains no data. The data segment of the guard track zone before recording on layer 1 is filled with 00h. Disc test strips are used for quality testing by the disc manufacturer. The drive test strip is used for testing by the drive. This zone is recorded from the outer PS block to the inner PS block. All data segments of this tape are recorded before finalizing the disc.

RMD copy tape

The RMD duplication tape contains the RDZ lead-in, as shown in Figure 52. This RDZ lead-in is recorded before recording the first RMD in the L-RMZ. The other fields of the RMD duplication zone are reserved and filled with 00h. The size of the RDZ import is 64kB and contains system reserved fields (48kB) and uniform identifier (ID) fields (16kB). Data in the System Reserved field is set to 00h, and the Uniform ID field contains eight cells with the same 2kB size and content. The byte allocation for each unit contains the drive manufacturer ID, serial number, model number, and unified disk ID.

The recording management zone (L-RMZ) in the data lead-in zone is recorded from PSN 03 CE00h to 03 FEFFh. The recording management zone (RMZ) contains recording management data (RMD). The unrecorded portion of the L-RMZ is recorded with the current RMD before finalizing the disc.

Recording Management Data (RMD) contains information related to recording on a disc. The size of the RMD is 64kB. The data structure of RMD is shown in Fig.53. Each RMD is formed of 2048 bytes of main data and recorded by predetermined signal processing.

RMD field 0 specifies general information of the disc, and the contents of this field are shown in FIG. 54 .

For disk state BP2,

00h: means the disk is empty.

02h: Indicates that the disc is recorded and not yet finalized.

03h: represents that the disk is finally completed.

08h: represents that the disc is in recording mode U.

11h: Indicates that the format operation is in progress. The rest are kept.

The details of the layout of data area allocation of BP22 to BP33 are shown in FIG. 55 .

The details of the layout of data area allocation of BP34 to BP45 are shown in FIG. 56 .

The bits in the stuffed state of BP46 to BP47 are shown below.

b15...0b: Indicates that the inner guard track zone on layer 0 has not been filled.

...1b: Indicates that the inner guard track zone on layer 0 has been filled.

b14...0b: Indicates that the inner drive test zone on layer 0 has not been filled.

...1b: Indicates that the inner drive test zone on layer 0 has been filled.

b13...0b: Indicates that the RMD duplication zone has not been filled.

...1b: Indicates that the RMD duplication tape has been filled.

b12...0b: Indicates that the reference code band has not been filled.

...1b: Indicates that the reference code band has been filled.

b11...0b: Indicates that the outer guard track zone on layer 0 has not been filled.

...1b: Indicates that the outer guard track zone on layer 0 has been filled.

b10...0b: Indicates that the outer drive test on layer 0 has not been unfilled.

...1b: Indicates that the outer drive test zone on layer 0 has been filled.

B9...0b: Indicates that the extra guard track band on layer 0 has not been filled, or has not been allocated.

...1b: Indicates that the extra guard orbital zone on layer 0 has been filled.

b8...0b: Indicates that the extra drive test zone on layer 0 has not been filled, or has not been allocated.

...1b: Indicates that the extra drive test zone on layer 0 has been filled.

b7...0b: Indicates that the outer guard orbital zone on layer 1 has not been filled.

...1b: Indicates that the outer guard track zone on layer 1 has been filled.

b6 to b5...00b: The record representing the terminator has not yet started.

...01b: The recording representing the terminator is in progress.

...10b: stands for reserved.

...11b: The record representing the terminator is completed.

The details of the layout of the drive test zone of BP52 to BP99 are shown in FIG. 57 . RMD Field 1 contains OPC related information. It is possible to record OPC-related information for up to 4 drives simultaneously existing in one system in RMD field 1, as shown in FIGS. 58 and 59 .

In the case of a single driver, OPC related information is recorded in field #1 and the remaining fields are set to 00h. In each case, unused fields of RMD field #1 are set to 00h. OPC related information for this drive is always recorded in field #1. If field #1 of the current RMD does not contain the drive information, which contains the drive manufacturer ID, serial number, and model, then the information in fields #1 to #3 of the current RMD is copied to field #2 of the new RMD into #4, and discard the information in field #4 of the current RMD. If Field #1 of the current RMD contains this drive information, the information in Field #1 is updated and the information of the remaining fields is copied into Fields #2 to #4 of the new RMD.

Inner drive test tape addresses for layer 0 of BP72 to BP75, BP328 to BP331, BP584 to BP587, and BP840 to BP843:

These fields specify the minimum PS block address of the drive test zone in the data lead-in area in which the latest power calibration has been performed. When the current drive does not perform power calibration in the inner drive test zone of layer 0, the inner drive test zone address of layer 0 of the current RMD is copied into the inner drive test zone address of the new RMD. When these fields are set to "00h", this test zone is not used.

BP76 to BP79, BP332 to BP335, BP588 to BP591, and BP844 to BP847 external drive test tape address for layer 0:

These fields specify the minimum PS block address of the drive test zone in the middle area of layer 0 in which the latest power calibration has been performed. When the current drive does not perform power calibration in the drive test zone of layer 0, the outer drive test zone address of layer 0 of the current RMD is copied into the outer drive test zone address of the new RMD. When these fields are set to "00h", this test zone is not used.

Test strip usage descriptors for BP106, BP362, BP618, and BP874:

These fields specify the descriptors used for the four test strips. Individuals are assigned as follows.

b7 to b6... Reserved area.

b5...0b: The extra drive test strip on layer 0 is not used by this drive.

...1b: The drive used an extra drive test tape on layer 0.

b4...0b: Extra drive test strips on layer 1 are not used by this drive.

...1b: This drive used an extra drive test strip on layer 1.

b3...0b: The drive does not use the inner drive test zone on layer 0.

...1b: The drive used the inner drive test tape on layer 0.

b2...0b: The drive is not using the outer drive test zone on layer 0.

...1b: The drive used the outer drive test tape on layer 0.

b1...0b: The drive does not use the inner drive test strip on layer 1.

...1b: This drive used the inner drive test tape on layer 1.

b0...0b: The drive is not using the outer drive test strip on layer 1.

...1b: This drive used the outer drive test tape on layer 1.

Inner drive test tape address of Layer 1 for BP108 to BP111, BP364 to BP367, BP620 to BP623, and BP876 to BP879:

These fields specify the minimum PS block address of the drive test zone in the data lead-out area where the latest power calibration has been performed. When the current drive does not perform power calibration in the inner drive test zone of layer 1, the inner drive test zone address of layer 1 of the current RMD is copied to the inner drive test zone address of the new RMD. When these fields are set to "00h", this test zone is not used.

BP112 to BP115, BP368 to BP371, BP624 to BP627, and BP880 to BP883 layer 1 external drive test belt address:

These fields specify the minimum PS block address of the drive test zone in the middle area of layer 1 where the latest power calibration has been performed. When the current drive does not perform power calibration in the outer drive test zone of layer 1, the layer 1 outer drive test zone address of the current RMD is copied to the outer drive test zone address of the new RMD. When these fields are set to "00h", this test zone is not used.

RMD Field 2 specifies data dedicated to the user. When this field is not used, "00h" is set in this field. BP0 to BP2047 are fields usable as data dedicated to the user.

All bytes of RMD field 3 are reserved and set to "00h".

The RMD field 4 specifies the information of the R band. The content of this field is shown in FIG. 60 . A portion of the data area reserved for recording user data is called an R zone. R zones can be classified into two types according to recording conditions. In an open R zone, data can be added. In the final R zone, user data cannot be added. In the data area, three or more open R zones cannot be provided. A portion of the data area not reserved for recording data is called an invisible R zone. Regions following the R zone may remain in the invisible R zone. There are no invisible R bands when no further data can be added.

The number of invisible R zones of BP0 to BP1 is the total number of invisible R zones, open R zones, and closed R zones.

RMD field 5 to RMD field 21 specify information of the R band. The contents of these fields are shown in FIG. 61 . When these fields are not used, all fields are set to "00h".

The R physical format information zone in the data lead-in area is built from the beginning of seven PS blocks (224 physical sectors) at PSN 261888 (03 FF00h). The content of the first PS block in the R physical format information zone is repeated seven times. The configuration of PS blocks in the R physical format information zone is shown in FIG. 62 .

The contents of the physical format information in the data lead-in area are shown in FIG. 63 . Fig. 63 is the same as Fig. 50, which shows the contents of the physical format information in the system lead-in area. BPO to BP3 are copied from the physical format information in the system lead-in area. The layout of data area allocation of BP4 to BP15 is different from that of FIG. 51 and is shown in FIG. 64 . BP16 to BP2047 are copied from the physical format information in the system lead-in area.

(middle area)

The structure of the middle region is changed by the extension of the middle region. Schematic views of the intermediate region before and after expansion are shown in FIGS. 65A to 65C. FIG. 66 shows the structure of the intermediate area before expansion. The size of the guard track zone after extension and generation of the extra guard track zone and the extra drive test zone on layer 0 depends on the end PSN of the data area on layer 0 . In Fig. 69, values Y and Z are specified, and the values Y and Z are physical sector numbers in the guard track zone.

protective track belt

The data segment of the guard track zone on layer 0 is filled with 00h before recording on layer 1 . The data segments of the guard track zone on layer 1 are filled with 00h before finalizing the disc.

drive test strip

This tape is used for tests performed by the drive. This zone on layer 0 is recorded from the outer PS block to the inner PS block. All data segments of the drive test zone on layer 0 may be filled with 00h before recording on layer 1.

disk test strip

This tape is used for tests performed by the disc manufacturer.

blank tape

The data segment of the blank zone contains no data. The size of the outermost blank zone on layer 0 is larger than 968 PS blocks. The size of the outermost blank zone on layer 1 is larger than 2464 PS blocks.

Structure of the lead-out area

The structure of the lead-out area is shown in FIG. 70 .

The data lead-out area is composed of a guard track zone, a drive test zone, a disk test zone and a blank zone sequentially from the outer peripheral side. The system lead-out area consists of the system lead-out zone.

The data segment of the guard track zone is filled with 00h before finalizing the disc.

Drive test strips are used for tests performed by the drive. This zone is recorded from the outer PS block to the inner PS block. The data segment of the blank zone contains no data.

Connection area on layer 1

The connection area on layer 1 is used to connect the data lead-out area and the system lead-out area. The distance between the centerline of the ending physical sector of the data lead-out area and the centerline of the starting physical sector of the system lead-out area whose PSN is FE 0000h is 1.36 μm to 5.10 μm. The connection area does not have any embossed pits or grooves.

All main data of a data frame recorded as a physical sector in the system lead-out area is set to 00h.

format

Formatting is the process applied when a disc is used and includes initialization, data area allocation (middle area extension), filling and finalization.

initialization

When recording user data on the disc, it is necessary to record information in the RDZ lead-in zone in the RMD duplication tape and select a recording mode.

middle zone expansion

Before recording in the middle area on layer 1, middle area expansion may be performed. Middle area expansion increases the size of the middle area while shrinking the data area. The structure of the middle zone is changed by the middle zone extension. The default end PSN of a data area on layer 0 is 73 DBFFh and the default start PSN of a data area on layer 1 is 8C 2400h. Before recording in the data zone on layer 1, the drive may reallocate a PSN less than 73DBFFh for the new ending PSN of the data zone on layer 0. RMD field 0 is updated by middle area extension, and the new end PSN of the data area on layer 0 is recorded in the R physical format information zone, except that the data area is relocated upon final completion.

When middle area extension is performed and the end PSN of the data area on layer 0 becomes X (<73DBFFh), the bit inversion number of X is the start PSN of the data area on layer 1, forming the The additional guard track band of , forms a blank band on layer 1, and relocates the guard track band on layer 1, as shown in FIGS. 65A to 65C. When X<726C00h, an additional drive test zone and a blank zone are formed on layer 0, and an additional drive test zone is formed on layer 1.

Requirements prior to recording on Tier 1

Some bands should be padded with 00h before the Terminator-except record on layer 1 to avoid the effect of layer 0.

In case the middle area is not extended, the guard track zone on layer 0 in the data lead-in area and the middle area should be filled with 00h. The drive test zone in the middle area on layer 0 may be filled with 00h.

In case the middle area is extended to a small size, the guard track zone on layer 0 in the data lead-in area and the middle area and the extra guard track zone in the middle area on layer 0 should be filled with 00h, as shown in Figure 65B . The drive test zone in the middle area on layer 0 may be filled with 00h.

In case the middle area is extended to a large size, the shout track band in the data lead-in area and the extra guard track band in the middle area on layer 0 should be filled with 00h, as shown in Fig. 65C. Before recording in the drive test zone on layer 1, the guard track zone in the middle area on layer 0 should be filled with 00h. The drive test zone and the extra drive test zone in the middle area on layer 0 may be filled with 00h.

When these bands are filled with 00h, the information of RMD field 0 shall be updated.

finalized

When the data area is finally completed, a terminator is recorded in the unrecorded data area, as shown in FIG. 77 . The main data of the terminator is set to 00h, and its area type is the data export attribute. In the case where user data is recorded on layer 1, terminators are recorded on all unrecorded data areas.

In the case where user data is not recorded on layer 1, terminators are recorded on layers 0 and 1, as shown in FIGS. 77A and 77B. The terminators on layer 0 are recorded consecutively from the end of the data area. If there are sufficient unrecorded data segments between the data area and the middle area, it is not necessary to record terminators on all unrecorded data segments, and a drive test zone is allowed to be generated on layer 1, as shown in FIG. 78A. The size of the drive test tape is 480 PS blocks. The end PSN of the terminator on layer 0 and the start PSN of the terminator on layer 1 are specified in FIG. 72 .

After the terminator is recorded, the guard track zone on layer 1 located in the data lead-out area and the middle area is filled with 00h if not recorded. Before filling the guard track zone in the data lead-out area, the drive test zone in the data lead-in area, the unrecorded portion of L-RMZ, the R physical format information zone, and the reference code zone are recorded.

If an unrecorded data segment exists between the end PSN of the terminator on layer 0 and the middle area as shown in FIG. 78A, it is not necessary to record the guard track zone in the middle area on layer 0 and layer 1.

Conditions for the start signal of the measurement data lead-in area, data area, intermediate area and data lead-out area

The extension of the offset canceller bandwidth compared to a single layer is as follows.

-3dB closed-loop frequency bandwidth: 20.0kHz

In a single layer the bandwidth is 5kHz. However, this bandwidth is extended to provide margin.

Burning area code (BCA code)

The BCA is an area for recording information after the disc manufacturing process is completed. If the read signal satisfies the BCA code signal specification, writing of the BCA code by using pre-pit copy processing is permitted. BCA exists on layer 1 of a single-sided dual-layer disc. Since the BCA exists on Layer 1 of a single-sided dual-layer read-only disc, the drive is compatible with both recordable layer discs and read-only discs.

RMD update conditions

The RMD shall be updated under at least one of the following conditions;

1) at least one change in the content specified in RMD field 0, or

2) drive test specified in RMD field 1 with address change, or

3) The number of invisible R-zones, the first number of open R-zones or the second number of R-zones specified in RMD field 4 is changed, or

4) The difference between the PSN of the minimum recorded physical segment in R zone #i and the "minimum recorded PSN of R zone #i" registered in the minimum RMD becomes larger than 37888.

As long as the data recording operation sequence is equal to or less than 4 PS blocks in processing, RMD does not need to be updated in the above conditions 2) and 4).

Guidelines for Selecting a Physical Segment Type

As shown in FIG. 26, three types of modulation areas are allocated in a physical segment of a recordable information storage medium. Describes the details of the distribution type set in the modulation area of each diameter. The principle of the process is described below.

The purpose of type selection is to avoid overlapping of modulated areas on adjacent tracks. Figures 73A, 73B and 74 illustrate type selection for tracks on layer 0. For the tracks on layer 1, diagrams 73A, 73B, and 74 should be replaced with diagrams for layer 1 in the same way that diagram 71A was replaced with diagram 71B for layer 1.

The purpose of type selection is to avoid placing modulated swings side by side. A schematic diagram of 2 adjacent tracks is shown in Figures 71A and 71B. The start point of track #i is exactly the same as the start point of physical segment #n, where i and n represent natural numbers. Track #i contains j physical segments, k WDUs and m wobbles, where j represents a natural number and k and m represent non-negative integers. If both k and m are not zero, physical segment #n+j is located on tracks #i and #i+1.

The relative position between the modulated wobbles in tracks #i and #i+1 depends on m. If m is equal to or greater than 21 and less than 63, the type 1 physical segment should be selected in track #i+1, as shown in FIG. 73A. Otherwise, the type 2 physical segment should be selected in track #i+1, as shown in Fig. 73B. For each case, a type 1 physical segment is selected in track #i.

A type 3 physical segment can be selected once at a transition position from a type 1 physical segment to a type 2 physical segment. The choice of type 3 physical segment depends not only on m but also on k. An example of a case where a Type 3 physical segment should be selected is shown in FIG. 74 . A type 3 physical segment shall be selected under one of the following conditions.

1) k is equal to or greater than 6 and less than 12, and m is equal to or greater than 0 and less than 21, or

2) k is equal to or greater than 5 and less than 11, and m is equal to or greater than 63 and less than 84.

The procedure for selecting the physical segment type is the same as that shown in FIG. 75 according to the first embodiment. The repeated processing in this process is performed mainly for two tracks. This iterative process is shown below.

The length of this iterative process depends on the number of physical segments selected in the third step.

1) Estimation of the number of wobbles on one orbit (ST82)

Estimates the decimal value of the wobble on the current orbit from the value on the previous orbit.

Integer values for wobble N _W may be obtained by rounding the decimal to an approximate integer value.

2) Calculation of j, k and m (ST83)

j, k and m are calculated as follows.

j= _NW- ( _NW mod 1428)/1428,

m = N _W mod 84,

k=(( _NW -m)/84) mod 17

The operation "x mod y" represents the modulus after dividing x by y.

3) Type selection (ST84)

Select the type of physical segment according to the conditions of k and m as follows.

Condition 1: 21<m<63

Select 2j physical segments of type 1 .

Condition 2: 0<k<6 and 0<m<21, or 0<k and 63<m<84

Select j physical segments of type 1 and j physical segments of type 2.

Condition 3: 6<k<12 and 0<m<21, or 5<k<11 and 63<m<84

Select j physical segments of type 1, one physical segment of type 3 and j physical segments of type 2.

Condition 4: 12<k<17 and 0<m<21, or 11<k<17 and 63<m<84

Select j+1 physical segments of type 1 and j+1 physical segments of type 2.

A selection method for an allocation type of a modulation area is shown in FIG. 75 . When the selection process starts (ST81), the number of wobbles _Nw for the inner track is estimated (ST82). The integer wobble N _w is obtained by rounding the decimal fraction to the nearest integer. Calculations of j, k, and m are performed (ST83). The operation "x mod y" stands for the modulus after dividing x by y. In ST83, j, k and m are calculated as follows.

1) j＝{N _w -(N _w mod 1428)}/1428

2) m=N _w mod 84

3) k={(N _w -m)/84} mod 17

As shown in step 84, the type (type 1, type 2, and type 3) and the number of repetitions (j, 2j, j+1) are selected.

Select the type of physical segment according to the conditions of k and m as follows.

Condition 1: 21≤m<63

Select 2j physical segments of type 1, as shown in Fig. 26B.

Condition 2: 0≤k<6 and 0≤m<21, or 0≤k and 63≤m<84

Select j physical segments of type 1 (FIG. 26B) and j physical segments of type 2 (FIG. 26C).

Condition 3: 6≤k<12 and 0≤m<21, or 5≤k<11 and 63≤m<84

Select j physical segments of type 1 (FIG. 26B), one physical segment of type 3 (FIG. 26B) and j physical segments of type 2 (FIG. 26C).

Condition 4: 12≤k<17 and 0≤m<21, or 11≤k<17 and 63≤m<84

Select j+1 physical segments of type 1 (FIG. 26B) and j+1 physical segments of type 2 (FIG. 26C).

Processes ST82 to ST84 are performed for all tracks. When the procedures ST82 to ST84 are performed for all the tracks (ST85), the selection of the allocation type of the modulation area ends (ST86).

light fastness of disc

The discs were tested for lightfastness using an air-cooled xenon lamp and testing equipment in accordance with ISO-105-B02.

Test Conditions

Black panel temperature: <40°C

Relative Humidity: 70 to 80%

Pan lighting:

Through the substrate, normal incidence.

write power

There are four levels of write power: peak power, bias power 1, bias power 2, and bias power 3. These are the optical powers incident on the read surface of the disc and used to write marks and spaces.

Peak Power, Bias Power 1, Bias Power 2, and Bias Power 3 are given in the control data band. The maximum peak power does not exceed 13.0mW. The maximum bias power 1, bias power 2 and bias power 3 do not exceed 6.5mW.

data recording process

FIG. 76 is a diagram showing operations performed when an unused information storage medium having the structure shown in FIGS. 37 and 38 is inserted into the drive.

Insert an unused blank disk to start the operation.

The data in the BCA area is read at step S2 to discriminate the disc type. As disc types, there are single-sided/double-sided type, single-layer/dual-layer type, read-only/recordable/rewritable type, and the like. In this case, it is determined whether the inserted disc is a single-sided dual-layer disc.

The RDZ lead-in is recorded in the RMD duplication zone (RDZ) of the data lead-in area at step S4, and the RDZ other than the RDZ lead-in is filled with "00h" at step S6. The RMD duplication tape includes the RDZ lead-in as shown in FIG. 52 . The RDZ lead-in is recorded before recording the first recording management data RMD of the recording management zone L-RMZ. The other fields of the RMD duplication zone are reserved and filled with "00h".

In the recording position management zone (L-RMZ) of the data lead-in area, "03CE00h" to "03FFFFh" of the PSN are recorded. The recording position management zone L-RMZ includes recording position management data RMD. The unrecorded area of the L-RMZ is recorded with the current recording position management data RMD before finalizing the disc.

The recording location management data RMD in the data lead-in area includes information on the recording location of the disc. The size of the RMD is 64 kB, and the data configuration of the recording location management data RMD is shown in FIG. 53 .

The data section of the management track zone of the data lead-in area is filled in step S8.

Data is recorded in the data area of layer 0 in step S10. In this case, it is assumed that the size of the recorded data is equal to or greater than the recording capacity of the data area of layer 0 and recording in the data area of layer 0 and recording in the data area of layer 1 are performed. Before recording on layer 1, filling on layer 0 is performed to finalize the disc. Finalization is performed to make it possible to read data by the player.

More specifically, the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 0 is filled in step S12.

The drive test strip of the middle area of layer 0 is filled in step S14. Note that step S14 can be omitted.

The guard track zone of the middle area of layer 1 is filled in step S16.

Data is recorded in the data area of layer 1 at step S18.

Finalization after recording data on layer 1 is performed as follows. When the recording data ends in the data area near layer 1, an end character is recorded on all unrecorded areas of the data area as shown in FIG. 77 in step S20. The main data of the terminator is set to "00h", and the area type of the terminator is the lead-out area attribute. When data is recorded in the entire data area of layer 1, no terminator is recorded.

When the data area is not recorded on layer 1, as shown in Figs. 78A and 78B, the terminator is recorded on both layer 0 and layer 1. The terminator record on layer 0 comes in contact with the data area. Sufficient unrecorded data segments occur between the data area and the middle area, and terminators need not be recorded on all data segments. A new drive test zone was allowed to form on layer 1 (see Figure 78A). The size of the new drive test tape is 480 (PS block). The end PSN of the terminator of layer 0 and the start PSN of the terminator of layer 1 are described in Table 23 above.

The drive test zone of the data lead-in area of layer 0 is populated at step S22.

In step S24, the recording location management zone (L-RMZ) of the data lead-in zone of layer 0 is recorded.

The R physical format information band RPFI and the reference code band Ref of the data lead-in area of layer 0 are recorded in step S26.

The guard track zone of the data lead-out area of layer 1 is filled in step S28. The subsequent processing of the terminator record is finalization processing.

Then, eject the disk.

The specific order of recording operations may vary depending on the content of the recording data, the method of controlling the drive, and the like. The basic restrictions on record order are as follows.

When the guard track zone of the data lead-out area of layer 1 is filled (with "00h") and if the recording state of the corresponding area of layer 0 is discontinuous (recorded area and unrecorded area coexist), it cannot be performed due to the influence of interlayer crosstalk Stable record. All corresponding areas of layer 0 must be in a recorded state. Therefore, before the filling step S28 of the guard track zone, step S4 (RDZ lead-in of recording RDZ (RMD copy zone)), step S6 (data segment of the guard track zone of the filling data lead-in area), step S22 (filling data drive test zone in the lead-in zone), step S24 (recording position management zone (L-RMZ) in the data lead-in zone) and step S26 (recording the R physical format information zone R-PFI and the reference code zone Ref in the data lead-in zone). In addition, before step S24 (L-RMZ recording of the data lead-in zone), step S4 (recording RDZ lead-in) must be performed. However, the order of steps S6, S8, S22, and S26 may be changed appropriately.

For the same reason as above, step S12 filling the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 0 and step S14 filling the drive test zone of the middle area of layer 0 must be performed before step S16 filling the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 1 . However, the order of steps S12 and S14 may be changed appropriately. Before recording data in the data area of layer 1 at step S18, it is necessary to perform step S10 to record data in the data area of layer 0 and step S12 to fill the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 0. However, the order of S10 and S12 may be changed appropriately.

Modifications of the recording operation in Fig. 76 will be described below.

In the movement from recording data in the data area of layer 0 at step S10 to recording data in the data area of layer 1 at step S18, the middle area is filled (layer 0 and layer 1). In order to shorten the moving time, the filling may be performed with another timing. When a stream whose data size is not known in advance is to be recorded, data recording is interrupted during a period of filling time. Therefore, in order to perform step S12 at an earlier timing to fill the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 0, step S12 may be performed before or after any one of steps S4, S6, and S8. In order to perform step S16 to fill the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 1 with a later timing, step S16 may be performed before or after any one of steps S22, S24, and S26.

As another modification, in order to start data recording (step S10) in the data zone of layer 0 at the earliest possible timing, step S10 may be performed immediately after step S4 (RDZ lead-in recording of RMD copy tape), as shown in FIG. 79. In FIG. 79, the drive test zone filling the middle region of layer 0 (step S14) may be omitted. However, when the size of recorded data is larger than the recording capacity of the data area of layer 0, and data can be recorded on both layer 0 and layer 1, some inconvenience occurs. In this case, as shown in FIG. 80, after step S4 (RDZ lead-in recording of the RMD duplication tape), step S12 (filling the guard track zone in the middle area of layer 0) is performed, after which step S10 (in layer 0) may be performed. data recording in the data area of layer 0) and step S18 (data recording in the data area of layer 1). When the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 0 is filled in step S12, recording on layer 1 can be started.

As a modification concerning terminator recording, a case where a terminator is recorded only on layer 0 and no terminator is recorded on layer 1 will be described below. When the terminator is not connected to the middle area as shown in FIG. 78A, the terminator is recorded at step S20 after step S14 (drive test zone of the middle area of filling layer 0), as shown in FIG.

When the terminator is connected to the middle area as shown in FIG. 78B, the terminator is recorded on layer 0 in step S20A after step S10 (data recording step of layer 0), and in step S12 (protection of the middle area of filling layer 0) track zone) and step S14 (drive test zone filling the middle area of layer 0) in step S20B to record terminators on layer 1 as shown in FIG. 82 .

The expansion of the middle area causes the reduction of the data area. When the intermediate area is expanded, the time to fill the unrecorded data area with terminators can be shortened, and the final completion time can be shortened.

In this embodiment, the middle area can be expanded even after the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 0 is filled in step S12. The step of extending the middle area may be performed immediately before step S16 (filling the guard track zone of the middle area of layer 1) and step S18 (recording data in the data area of layer 1) in FIG. 76 .

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. In the realization stage, the present invention can be implemented by modifying constituent elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the above embodiments. For example, several constituent elements may be omitted from all constituent elements disclosed in the embodiments. In addition, constituent elements used in different embodiments may be appropriately combined with each other. For example, a structure in which two recording layers as shown in FIG. 1A are used can be applied to a paint-based recording film as shown in FIG. 1B . More specifically, the present invention is applicable to a single-sided multilayer DH_DVD-R disc in which two or more paint-based recording films are laminated.

Claims (8)

1. the information recording method of a recorded information on information storage medium, in this information storage medium,

From reading surperficial layer 0 and the layer 1 that begins sequentially to arrange as recording layer;

Begin sequentially arranging system Lead-In Area, data importing district, data field and mesozone from this floor 0 inner periphery;

Begin sequentially arranging system leading-out zone, data leading-out zone, data field and mesozone from this layer 1 inner periphery;

Arrange the protection track ribbon in described data leading-out zone, this protection track ribbon is positioned at data field one side; And

With the data importing district of the corresponding described floor 0 of described protection track ribbon in arrange reference number band, R physical format information band, record position management band and drive calibration tape, this method is characterised in that and comprises step:

At the driving calibration tape and the record (S24 that fill (S22) described data importing district; S26) after the R physical format information band in the reference number band in described record position management band, described data importing district and described data importing district, carry out the filling (S28) of the protection track ribbon of described data leading-out zone.

2. according to the information recording method of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

With the data importing district of the corresponding described floor 0 of protection track ribbon of described data leading-out zone in further be arranged with record position management data dubs, and

After the record and filling of this record position management data dubs, carry out the filling of the protection track ribbon of described data leading-out zone.

3. the information recording method of a recorded information on information storage medium, in this information storage medium,

From reading surperficial layer 0 and the layer 1 that begins sequentially to arrange as recording layer;

Begin sequentially arranging system Lead-In Area, data importing district, data field and mesozone from this floor 0 inner periphery;

Begin sequentially arranging system leading-out zone, data leading-out zone, data field and mesozone from this layer 1 inner periphery;

Arrange the protection track ribbon in the mesozone of described layer 0, this protection track ribbon is positioned at data field one side; With

Comprise the protection track ribbon with the mesozone of the corresponding described layer 1 of described protection track ribbon, this method is characterised in that and comprises step:

After the protection track ribbon of the mesozone of filling (S12) described layer 0, carries out the filling (S16) of protection track ribbon of described layer 1 mesozone.

4. according to the information recording method of claim 3, it is characterized in that:

Outer circumferential sides at the protection track ribbon of described mesozone further is arranged with the driving calibration tape, and

At the protection track ribbon of the mesozone of filling described layer 0 with after driving calibration tape, carries out the filling of protection track ribbon of described layer 1 mesozone.

5. the information recording method of a recorded information on information storage medium, in this information storage medium,

From reading surperficial layer 0 and the layer 1 that begins sequentially to arrange as recording layer;

Begin sequentially arranging system Lead-In Area, data importing district, data field and mesozone from this floor 0 inner periphery;

Begin sequentially arranging system leading-out zone, data leading-out zone, data field and mesozone from this layer 1 inner periphery; With

Arrange the protection track ribbon in the mesozone of described layer 0, this protection track ribbon is positioned at data field one side, and this method is characterised in that and comprises step:

The filling (S12) of the protection track ribbon of the mesozone of data recording (S10) in the data field of described layer 0 and described layer 0 is carried out the data recording (S18) in described layer 1 the data field afterwards.

6. information-recording apparatus that records the information on the information storage medium, in this information storage medium,

From reading surperficial layer 0 and the layer 1 that begins sequentially to arrange as recording layer;

Begin sequentially arranging system Lead-In Area, data importing district, data field and mesozone from this floor 0 inner periphery;

Begin sequentially arranging system leading-out zone, data leading-out zone, data field and mesozone from this layer 1 inner periphery;

Arrange the protection track ribbon in described data leading-out zone, this protection track ribbon is positioned at data field one side; And

With the data importing district of the corresponding described floor 0 of described protection track ribbon in arrange reference number band, R physical format information band, record position management band and drive calibration tape, this apparatus characteristic is to comprise:

First filler cells (S22), it carries out the filling of the driving calibration tape in described data importing district;

Record cell (S24, S26), it writes down the record position management band in described data importing district and the reference number band and the R physical format information band in described data importing district; And

Second filler cells (S28), it carries out the filling of the protection track ribbon of described data leading-out zone after filling of being undertaken by this first filler cells and the record that undertaken by this record cell.

7. information-recording apparatus that records the information on the information storage medium, in this information storage medium,

From reading surperficial layer 0 and the layer 1 that begins sequentially to arrange as recording layer;

Begin sequentially arranging system Lead-In Area, data importing district, data field and mesozone from this floor 0 inner periphery;

Begin sequentially arranging system leading-out zone, data leading-out zone, data field and mesozone from this layer 1 inner periphery;

Arrange the protection track ribbon in the mesozone of described layer 0, this protection track ribbon is positioned at data field one side; With

Comprise the protection track ribbon with the mesozone of the corresponding described layer 1 of described protection track ribbon, this apparatus characteristic is to comprise:

First filler cells (S12), the filling of the protection track ribbon of the mesozone of the described layer 0 of its execution; And

Second filler cells (S16), it carries out the filling of protection track ribbon of the mesozone of described layer 1 after the filling of being undertaken by this first filler cells.

8. information-recording apparatus that records the information on the information storage medium, in this information storage medium,

From reading surperficial layer 0 and the layer 1 that begins sequentially to arrange as recording layer;

Begin sequentially arranging system Lead-In Area, data importing district, data field and mesozone from this floor 0 inner periphery;

Begin sequentially arranging system leading-out zone, data leading-out zone, data field and mesozone from this layer 1 inner periphery; And

Arrange the protection track ribbon in the mesozone of described layer 0, this protection track ribbon is positioned at data field one side, and this apparatus characteristic is to comprise:

First record cell (S10), it is recorded in data in the data field of described layer 0;

Filler cells (S12), the filling of the protection track ribbon of the mesozone of the described layer 0 of its execution; And

Second record cell (S18), it is recorded in data in the data field of described layer 1 after record that is undertaken by this first record cell and the filling undertaken by this filler cells.

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