CN1959441A - New type lens, fabricating technique, and fabrication die - Google Patents
New type lens, fabricating technique, and fabrication die Download PDFInfo
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- CN1959441A CN1959441A CN 200610137933 CN200610137933A CN1959441A CN 1959441 A CN1959441 A CN 1959441A CN 200610137933 CN200610137933 CN 200610137933 CN 200610137933 A CN200610137933 A CN 200610137933A CN 1959441 A CN1959441 A CN 1959441A
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Abstract
A new type of thin lens consists of spherical lens being set at front and Fresnel prism being set at back. The process and mode both for preparing said lens are also disclosed.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of novel lens, particularly be a kind of thin lens and processing technology and processing mold that adopts the Fresnel prism principle to process.
Background technology
The lens of existing market supply all is to produce by traditional spherical lens Design Theory, and eyeglass luminosity is definite by front surface camber and rear surface camber poor (algebraic sum) and material refractive index and center of lens thickness.
Eyeglass luminosity and radius of curvature R be inversely proportional to be the number of degrees more higher curvature more long radius more little, form that high myopia eyeglass (concavees lens) edge is very thick, hyperpresbyopia eyeglass (convex lens) center is very thick like this.Eyeglass is too thick to bring a lot of worries to the glasses wearer.Though this situation causes that the industry personage notes, adopt methods such as high-index material and aspheric surface to attempt to deal with problems and when luminosity is spent above ± 800, still can't resolve the blocked up problem of eyeglass.
At present hospital adopts a kind of software PVC film mirror to correct defects of vision when carrying out highly ametropia, low eyesight, stravismus treatment, and described mantle mirror has only 1mm thick but adopt fresnel prism principle, luminosity can reach soil 2000 degree prism degrees and can make 20P.During use, the film mirror with former lens shape as the model cutting after, film mirror and lens be pasted together with medium also can reach correction of refractive errors eye vision purpose, but after attaching, there is medium between film mirror and the former eyeglass, influenced the eyeglass transmitance, the glasses wearer has the sensation of looking at flowers in a fog, in addition, existing film mirror is the single focal length (myopia in plane, long sight) structure, can only satisfy high myopia and hyperpresbyopia patient demand, the glasses wearer has astigmatism (bi-focal) also will process astigmatism on former lens, pasting the film mirror on astigmatic face can be not firm, and the film mirror can come off when cleaning glasses, in addition, the film mirror adopts software PVC material to make, do not carry out cure process, the surface abrasion resistance difference easily scratches eyeglass, and these factors that can not resist are brought inconvenience to the glasses wearer.
For addressing the aforementioned drawbacks, creator of the present invention is through research and practice have obtained product disclosed in this invention finally for a long time.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of new type lens and manufacturing process thereof and processing mold are provided, described eyeglass select for use optical property, the comparatively ideal improvement organic glass of physical and chemical index and two kinds of organic thermoplastic of poly-carbonic acid vinegar adopt injection moulding, extrusion process with material have the in-mold molding of luminosity, again carry out surface hardening and coating film treatment, process the finished product eyeglass.Because described eyeglass adopts the Fresnel prism principle, breaks through the principle that existing spheric glass luminosity is produced by front and rear surfaces camber difference, so eyeglass luminosity and thickness are irrelevant or higher luminosity has astigmatic any luminosity eyeglass and all can make unified thickness.。
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is, a kind of novel thin lens at first is provided, it is to process by one-body molded technology, it comprises spherical lens part and fresnel prism part, described spherical lens partly is arranged on the front portion, and described fresnel prism partly is arranged at the rear portion;
Preferable, described spherical mirror partly is made up of two parts, and first's spherical lens is arranged at the outside, and the second portion spherical lens is arranged at inner optical centre district, and described fresnel prism partly is arranged at outside the inside center district;
Preferable, described spherical lens partly is concavees lens or convex lens or is astigmat.
Next provides a kind of injection mold, be used to process described novel eyeglass, it comprises: mould bases, die and punch, wherein, described die and punch are arranged on the mould bases, and described mould bases has a slide bar, described die and punch are positioned at the two ends of slide bar and can move matched moulds along described slide bar, be provided with injecting hole on described die, described die has at least one core rod, is provided with the material road between the described core rod; The core rod of described punch is corresponding with described die plate insert.
A kind of die casting is provided once more, be used to process described novel eyeglass, it comprises: mould bases, die and punch, wherein, described die and punch are arranged on the mould bases, and described mould bases has a slide bar, and described die and punch are positioned at the two ends of slide bar and can move matched moulds along described slide bar, described die has at least one core rod, and the core rod of described punch is corresponding with described die plate insert;
Preferable, be set to sphere, cylinder one of them or its combination on the core rod of described die;
Preferable, the core surface of described punch all is a fresnel prism; Perhaps central authorities are sphere, and described fresnel prism is located on described sphere.
A kind of process of processing die and punch sphere is provided once more, and it comprises: roughing, fining-off, finishing three process:
At first through roughing, according to mould bases size machined into die blank;
Secondly on special purpose machine tool, carry out the sphere fining-off;
Carry out finishing once more on special grinder, it is coaxial with the punch sphere to add man-hour, and roughness reaches requirement, and abrasive material selects 302 for use, 303# emery grinds and the polishing of cerium oxide brilliant polish;
Select for use alloy steel processing grinding tool material will carry out modified, quenching heat treatment at last.
A kind of process of processing Fresnel prism is provided once more, and it comprises: at first will finish the sphere mould and be contained on the chuck, carry out school zero;
Secondly according to designing and calculating required ring distance, diameter, angle, choose diamond cutter, and be contained on the cutter saddle;
Proofread and correct cutter and processed mould distance once more, open cooling system;
Then with above-mentioned data input computer, start;
Machine at last.
A kind of method of producing novel thin lens by Shooting Technique is provided once more, and it is made up of three operations:
The a operation: the moulding process flow process, it comprises:
The a1 step: material melts;
The a2 step: cleaning mold, promptly before material injects, clean with the oil-free compressed air after filtering fixed die, the mobile pressing mold that adds;
The a3 step: behind mobile punch and the die matched moulds, the geat high pressure injecting material fluid by injection machine is to mould;
A4 is rapid: secondary pressurizing mold and pressurize;
A5 is rapid: cooling die;
A6 is rapid: the demoulding, reach promptly that setting moved moulds after the dwell time withdraws from automatically, and with specific purpose tool in type eyeglass is taken out;
A7 is rapid: typing is handled, and the eyeglass that is about to take out is placed on the fixator finalizes the design, and makes the eyeglass natural cooling;
A8 is rapid: check, and promptly reject geat and burr, and, the certified products vanning is prepared to carry out surperficial stiffened handle through row luminosity and presentation quality inspection, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The b operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
B1 step: cleaning lens surface;
B2 is rapid: eyeglass is carried out surface spraying hardening liquid, promptly with the laser spraying rifle hardening liquid evenly is sprayed on lens surface;
B3 is rapid: eyeglass is carried out hot setting, and the eyeglass that is about to dispute after being coated with is put into the hot setting chamber together with fixing mould bases, heats to solidify to 120 degree backs and opens curing room after 40 minutes;
B4 step: eyeglass is carried out air-cooled, promptly use normal temperature compressed air quench cooled, the stiffened film hardness is improved and combine more firm with the sheet base;
B5 step: take out eyeglass;
The b6 step: check, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The c operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
C1 step: high voltage oil-free gas cleaning lens surface
C2 step: will clean pack into mould bases and fix eyeglass mould bases is put into the coating machine vacuum chamber with eyeglass of back eyeglass;
C3 step: open the vacuum machine vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1/10000 atmospheric pressure;
C4 step: lens surface is plated stiffened, anti-reflection, anti-UV, waterproof membrane material;
C5 step: inject air in the vacuum chamber;
C6 step: open vacuum chamber and take out the eyeglass that has plated;
The c7 step: check, promptly under dark background, 2001X illumination conditions by amplifying optical devices check eyeglass surface quality, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
Preferable, described b1 step and c1 step, it realizes that operation is:
At first, reach the clean surface effect with inert gas Ar+ ion or active ion bombardment lens surface;
Secondly ray gun is removed lens surface static;
Spend the ion cleaning hydromining once more and use the ultrasonic cleaning surface;
Dash with heated nitrogen at last and do the surface;
Preferable, described b4 step is carried out under ten thousand grades of purification conditions.
A kind of method of producing novel thin lens by extrusion process is provided at last, and it is made up of three operations:
The d operation: the moulding process flow process, it comprises:
D1 step: cleaning material surface;
The d2 step: the material after will checking carries out thermal pretreatment;
The d3 step: mould and die preheating, promptly dash with oil-free compressed air after filtration and blow up and down the mould mould of heating simultaneously;
D4 step: high pressure gas cleaning mold;
D5 step: open the mold switch epirelief face mould is moved up, the material of preheating is packed in the recessed face mould;
The d6 step: first pressurization promptly starts mold and moves down for the first time and finalize the design;
The d7 step: the typing pressurize, promptly first typing back cooling system is started working, mould acts on the eyeglass and the pressurize certain hour with certain pressure under hydraulic jack drives up and down;
The d8 step: finished product is taken out in die sinking, promptly pressurize is finished after, take out in type eyeglass with specific purpose tool and be placed on the processing of finalizing the design on the mould bases of finalizing the design;
The d9 step: typing is handled, and it comprises that the eyeglass after the processing carries out the processing of diameter cut edge;
The d10 step: the check eyeglass, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The e operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
E1 step: cleaning lens surface;
E2 step: eyeglass is carried out surface spraying hardening liquid, promptly hardening liquid evenly is sprayed on lens surface with the laser spraying rifle;
The e3 step: eyeglass is carried out hot setting, and the eyeglass that is about to after the spraying is put into the hot setting chamber together with fixing mould bases, heats to end 120 degree back curing and open curing room after 40 minutes;
E4 step: eyeglass is carried out air-cooled, promptly use normal temperature compressed air quench cooled, the stiffened film hardness is improved and combine more firm with the sheet base;
E5 step: take out eyeglass;
The e6 step: check, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The f operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
F1 step: high voltage oil-free gas cleaning lens surface;
F2 step: will clean pack into mould bases and fix eyeglass mould bases is put into the coating machine vacuum chamber with eyeglass of back eyeglass;
F3 step: open the vacuum machine vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1/10000 atmospheric pressure;
F4 step: lens surface is plated stiffened, anti-reflection, anti-UV, waterproof membrane material;
F5 step: inject air in the vacuum chamber;
F6 step: open vacuum chamber and take out the eyeglass that has plated;
The f7 step: check, promptly under dark background, 2001X illumination conditions, do not check the eyeglass surface quality, and reject unacceptable product by amplifying optical devices;
Preferable, described e4 step is carried out under ten thousand grades of purification conditions.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the side view of the preferred embodiment one of new type lens of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of the preferred embodiment one of new type lens of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the side view of the preferred embodiment two of new type lens of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the front view of the preferred embodiment two of new type lens of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the side view of the preferred embodiment three of new type lens of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the front view of the preferred embodiment three of new type lens of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the side view of the preferred embodiment four of new type lens of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the front view of the preferred embodiment four of new type lens of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the side view of the preferred embodiment five of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the front view of the preferred embodiment five of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the die casting side-looking structure diagram of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the injection mold side-looking structure diagram of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the injection mold die side-looking structure diagram of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the injection mold die master TV structure sketch of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the die casting list focal length die side-looking structure diagram of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 16 is the die casting list focal length die master TV structure sketch of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 17 is the die casting bi-focal die side-looking structure diagram of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 18 is the die casting bi-focal die master TV structure sketch of new type lens of the present invention.
Figure 19 is the injection mold punch side-looking structure diagram of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 20 is the injection mold punch master TV structure sketch of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 21 is the die casting punch preferred embodiment one side-looking structure diagram of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 22 is the die casting punch preferred embodiment one main TV structure sketch of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 23 is the die casting punch preferred embodiment three main TV structure sketches of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 24 is the die casting punch preferred embodiment two side-looking structure diagrams of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 25 is the die casting punch preferred embodiment two main TV structure sketches of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 26 is the die casting punch preferred embodiment three side-looking structure diagrams of new type lens of the present invention;
Figure 27 is the die casting punch fresnel prism part side-looking structure diagram of new type lens of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1,3-mould bases; The 5-die; The 4-punch; The 6-oil cylinder; The 2-slide bar; 41-punch core rod; 51-die core rod; The 7-injection hole; 8-expects the road; R
1-spherical outside surface radius; R
2-inner sphere radius; δ-thickness; α-prism vertex angle; The N-number of rings; T-encircles distance; A-A, B-B-magnification region; The x-optical axis.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to this novel above-mentionedly is described in more detail with other technical characterictic and advantage.
The present invention is a kind of novel thin lens, and it is to process by one-body molded technology, and it comprises spherical lens part and fresnel prism part, and described spherical lens partly is arranged on the front portion, and described fresnel prism partly is arranged at the rear portion.
Material of the present invention is PMMA (improvement organic glass) or PC (polycarbonate), its material behavior such as following table:
| PMMA | PC | |
| Density (1 * 10 3kg/m 3) | 1.191 | 1.2 |
| Refractive index (n) | 1.491 | 1.5872 |
| Transmitance | 92-93％ | 85-90％ |
| Abbe number | 57.53 | 58 |
See also Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, it is respectively the side view and the front view of the preferred embodiment one of new type lens of the present invention, it is a kind of near-sighted glasses (concavees lens), it comprises spherical mirror part and Fresnel prism part, the thickness δ of described spherical mirror part is 2mm,, refractive index is n (it is to be determined by the material that we adopt), then
According to formula Φ `
v=Φ
1/ (1-δ/n* Φ
1)+Φ
2(1-1);
Φ
1＝(n-1)/R
1 Φ
2＝(1-n)/R
2 (1-2)；
Φ`
v＝1/f Φ`
v＝-1/f (1-3)；
By determining the spherical outside surface radius R
1And inner sphere radius R
2, calculate and obtain outside surface luminosity Φ
1, inside surface luminosity Φ
2And equivalent focal length f, can make its outside surface luminosity Φ through parameter adjustment
1Be+4.00 degree, inside surface luminosity Φ
2Be-3.98 degree, then remaining the number of degrees can be that fresnel prism is partly shared by its inside;
Setting for the fresnel prism number of degrees that part has, because light can be to thicker direction deviation when light was by the eyeglass diverse location as everyone knows, the angle of deviation size is relevant apart from the spherical lens optical axis distance with the light incidence point, light light generation deviation and converge at focus during by concave-sphere, as can be known the deflection of light degree do not have obvious relation with lens thickness and and between the eyeglass front and rear surfaces angle relevant, in other words: spheric glass has prismatic effect, at true deciding in the diameter range, can process thickness δ is 2mm thickness, outside surface Φ
1Be+4.00 degree, inside surface Φ
2For the spherical mirrors of-3.98 degree and add the novel thin lens sheet of fresnel prism part.The luminosity of spherical mirror inside surface fresnel prism part can be according to eyeglass luminosity (1-3) conversion focal length by formula, and according to following formula:
In the formula: α-prism vertex angle r-produces radius (ring is apart from the * number of rings) f-focal length N-number of rings n-material refractive index.
The prism that the prism vertex angle α that calculates the different rings distance makes different drift angles just can process the novel thin lens of different photometric requirements, reaches the spherical mirror photometric requirement.Prism theorem according to geometrical optics refraction theorem, imaging formula and glasses optics can be derived the prism vertex angle computing formula, is that 70mm, ring are apart from calculating 141 apex angle values for 0.25mm, eyeglass as producing diameter;
See also Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, it is respectively the side view and the front view of the preferred embodiment two of new type lens of the present invention, it is a farsighted glasses (convex lens), its structure is with above-mentioned Fig. 1, near-sighted glasses shown in Figure 2, it comprises spherical mirror part and Fresnel prism part, difference is the positive and negative of focal distance f, thereby causes trend positive and negative of drift angle as shown in the figure, and its computation process repeats no more here.
See also Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, it is respectively side view and the front view of preferable three embodiment of new type lens of the present invention, the also the most representative embodiment of the present invention, it is that its structure of a kind of near-sighted glasses (concavees lens) is for still being spherical mirror part and fresnel prism part, be with the difference of embodiment one, described Fresnel prism does not have whole inside surfaces that occupies spherical mirror, but is spherical mirror in the center, has so just guaranteed the homogeneity of the thickness of whole lens; Corresponding luminosity Φ
1The method for designing of center its parameter of structure design of spherical mirror get final product according to ordinary lens design, with independent lens requirement go to handle, the number of degrees of middle spherical mirror part just do not need to have superposeed with the number of degrees of fresnel prism part, separately according to the demand set handling to the number of degrees; It is identical with embodiment one that remaining part (center spherical mirror outer) promptly remains the setting of argument structure of spherical mirror.
See also Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, it is respectively the side view and the front view of the preferred embodiment four of new type lens of the present invention, the also the most representative embodiment of the present invention, it is that its structure of a kind of farsighted glasses (convex lens) still is spherical mirror part and fresnel prism combination partly, be with the difference of embodiment two, described Fresnel prism does not have whole inside surfaces that occupies spherical mirror, but is spherical mirror in the center, has so just guaranteed the homogeneity of the thickness of whole lens; Corresponding luminosity Φ
1The method for designing of center its parameter of structure design of spherical mirror get final product according to ordinary lens design, with independent lens requirement go to handle, the number of degrees of middle spherical mirror part just do not need to have superposeed with the number of degrees of fresnel prism part, separately according to the demand set handling to the number of degrees; It is identical with embodiment two that remaining part (center spherical mirror outer) promptly remains the setting of argument structure of spherical mirror.
See also Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, it is respectively the side view and the front view of the preferred embodiment five of new type lens of the present invention, it is a kind of lens with astigmatism, it designs and handles in the front surface of the lens method for designing according to traditional astigmatic lens, if will handle long sight or myopia relation simultaneously, only at the number of degrees and the thickness needs of its rear surface basis to meniscus, add fresnel prism, its method to set up is identical with the structure of described embodiment one, embodiment two, embodiment three, enforcement four.
It more than is the description of the several prods structure of this new type lens.
Production for this new type lens, common injection moulding and the compression molding process that adopts, so to a great extent Mould design and manufacturing are had dependence very much, described mould is made up of punch (molded lenses inside surface), die (molded lenses outside surface), be separately fixed at the concentricity that guarantees matched moulds on special die carrier movable plate and the fixed head, injection mold, die casting core all adopt the manufacturing of H-62 brass material.
See also shown in Figure 11, it is the side-looking structure diagram of the die casting of new type lens of the present invention, it comprises: mould bases 1,3, die 5 and punch 4, wherein, described die 5 is arranged on the mould bases 1,3 with punch 4, be provided with some slide bars 2 (all the other are not marked) between the described mould bases 1,3, described die 5 is positioned at the two ends of slide bar 2 and can moves matched moulds along described slide bar 2 with punch 4, and described die 5 has at least one core rod 51, and the core rod 41 of described punch 4 is corresponding with described die plate insert 51;
Preferable, be set to sphere, cylinder one of them or its combination on the core rod 51 of described die 5;
Preferable, core rod 41 surfaces of described punch 4 all are fresnel prism; Perhaps central authorities are sphere, and described fresnel prism is located on described sphere.
See also Figure 12, shown in Figure 14, it is its side-looking structure diagram and die front view for the injection mold of new type lens of the present invention, it comprises: mould bases 1,3, die 5 and punch 4, wherein, described die 5 is arranged on the mould bases 1,3 with punch 4, described mould bases 1,3 has some slide bars 2 (all the other are not marked), described die 5 is positioned at the two ends of slide bar 2 and can moves matched moulds along described slide bar 2 with punch 4, on described die 5, be provided with injecting hole 7, described die 5 has at least one core rod 51, is provided with material road 8 between the described core rod 51; The core rod 41 of described punch 4 is corresponding with described die plate insert 51.
The core of described die casting and Injection Mold Design all is the design of die and punch, see also Figure 13, Figure 15, shown in Figure 16, it is divided into the structural drawing of single focal length die of new type lens injection mold of the present invention and the side-looking and the main TV structure sketch figure of single focal length die casting die, it all is die 5 project organizations to hyperopic lens (convex lens sheet) or concave lens (concace mirror lens), this mould be with 4.00 degree for basic sphere camber, according to the selection of material refractive index n, curved become+4.00 degree, by formula (1-2) calculate pairing radius R
1Value.When the outside surface camber is+4.00 degree, select for use its n=1.491 of PMMA material according to formula luminosity Φ
1=(n-1)/R
1Can calculate:
R
1＝(n-1)/Φ
1＝(1.491-1)/4.00＝122.75mm
Press R during processing mold
1Value processing sphere gets final product.
Its process is as follows:
Because mould and die accuracy, surfaceness directly influence the lens surface quality, mould will pass through roughing, fining-off, finishing three process:
At first pass through roughing, use the machined into die blank according to mould bases size (with the mould bases fit dimension);
Secondly on special purpose machine tool, carry out sphere processing;
Carry out finishing once more on special grinder, it is coaxial with punch 4 spheres to add man-hour, and roughness reaches requirement, and wherein said degree of roughness is reference with the universal standard of this area, and abrasive material selects 302 for use, 303# emery grinds and the polishing of cerium oxide brilliant polish;
Select for use alloy steel processing grinding tool material will carry out modified, quenching heat treatment at last; So just processed described single focal length die 5 as Figure 15, Figure 16.
See also Figure 17, shown in Figure 180, it is the side-looking structural drawing and the main TV structure sketch of the bi-focal die of new type lens die casting of the present invention or injection mold, it is die 5 project organizations to hypermetropic astigmatism eyeglass and myopic astigmatism eyeglass, and this mould is as basic sphere camber (base is curved) with 4.00 degree.Because novel thin lens astigmatism will be made in the eyeglass outside surface, so will calculate the R value respectively at 90 degree and 180 luminosity respectively by astigmatic luminosity and sphere luminosity during processing mold to degree.Example: astigmatic available+6.00DC * 180 associating one+4.00DC * 90 of desiring to add 200 degree on+400 degree cambers are represented, but abbreviation becomes the tradition prescription to equal+4.00DS/+2.00DC * 90, because have i.e. two curved surfaces (two the R values) event of two luminosity will calculate the R values of 90 degree and 180 degree respectively at outside surface, be calculated as follows:
90 degree R=(1.491-1)/4.00=122.75mm,
180 degree R=(1.491-1)/6.00=81.33mm
Get final product to the R value by 90 degree and 180 degree two respectively during processing.
Process is identical with single focal length die 5.
See also Figure 19 to shown in Figure 26, it is the punch structure figure of new type lens die casting convex mold of the present invention or injection mold, the convex surface external form type shape of described punch 4 is exactly the inner surface configuration of novel thin lens, and why novel thin lens just can approach the Design and Machining in convex mold 4, it comprises, spherical mirror part and two aspects of fresnel prism, for the design of land portions: the sphere luminosity of novel thin lens should be the goggles of zero degree.For guarantee sphere luminosity be zero determine under the good die 5 spherical radius conditions, will be according to refractive index, the lens thickness of the selection of material, after by formula (1-1) calculates punch 4 sphere luminosity, more by formula (1-2) calculates punch 4 spherical radius.When for example producing mould sphere luminosity and being the goggles of zero degree, known: die 5 sphere luminosity are that 2mm, the selection of material refractive index n are 1.491, determine punch 4 spherical radius R for+4.00 degree, lens thickness δ.
According to formula Φ `
v=Φ
1/ (1-δ/n* Φ
1)+Φ
2
Φ
2＝3/(1-0.002/1.491*3)+0
Φ
2＝Φ
1-3/0.994＝-4.02D
According to formula Φ
2=(n-1)/R
2Calculate R
2
R
2＝(1.491-1)/4.02＝122.14mm
By calculate curved its innner and outer face spherical radius of goggles of visible base for+4.00 degree be do not wait, differ 1.08mm.
R
1-R
2＝122.75-122.14＝0.61mm
Design (luminosity) for the fresnel prism part
Because spheric glass can resolve into countless prisms, the light that object point sends produces prismatic effect during by the eyeglass diverse location, can be represented by the formula:
P＝h*Φ`
v (4-1)；
Because Φ is `
v=1/f;
So P=h/f;
Again because tg θ=h/f;
Can derive (2-1) formula:;
When calculating: h=(1/2+N) * t;
In the formula: the described corner angle of h-encircle apart from the p-prism degree apart from N-number of rings t-to optical axis x
Finish on the punch 4 of sphere processing according to product demand (optic diameter, prism number of rings, ring apart from, material refractive index) by formula (2-1) calculate each ring prism vertex angle degree value and be input to the specialized equipment control system and process.
As the eyeglass radius be 70, ring has (280/2+1=141) drift angle value apart from 0.25mm, number of rings N=70/0.25=280 in semicircle, because of different rings is very big apart from optical axis distance different angles difference, more than had only 11 minutes 100 ring angle 28 degree 21 minutes for example first ring angle.Will keep significant figure 8 figure places when calculating the angle change, angle precision is unit with the second, and long measure will be a precision measure unit with micron (1/1000mm).
For the processing of punch 4, so because be that the processing fresnel prism is at first processed protruding sphere, reprocessing fresnel prism part on the sphere basis, and be equal to the processing of concave spherical surface for the processing of protruding sphere;
It carries out on specialized equipment for fresnel prism processing partly
(1) will finish the sphere processing mold is contained on the chuck, carries out school zero;
(2) according to top designing and calculating required ring distance, diameter, angle, choose diamond cutter, and be contained on the cutter saddle;
(3) proofread and correct cutter and processed mould distance, unlatching cooling system;
(4) with above-mentioned data input computer, start;
(5) machine back shutdown automatically.
Diamond cutter cuts, its cutting force is very big (in order to destroy the molecular structure of brass) because adopt, produce very big shake, for guaranteeing that machining precision also will reduce extraneous vibrations except that increasing lathe rigidity, therefore the environment of this processing fresnel prism part should be shockproof environment, and its Fresnel prism of finishing partly sees also shown in Figure 23.
After Mould Machining is come out, produce described novel eyeglass, then need corresponding processing technology, see also shown in Figure 17ly, it is the process flow diagram of new type lens injection mo(u)lding manufacturing process of the present invention, for the PMMA material, because its material character is suitable for injection mo(u)lding, it is that three operations are formed:
The a operation: the moulding process flow process, it comprises:
The a1 step: the preheating of PMMA particle, soon the PMMA particle is put and is removed water treatment in the drying baker, and it is 4 hours that heat time heating time is spent in temperature setting 60;
The a2 step: heating PMMA particle, be about to PMMA particle after the oven dry and pack into soften in the special-purpose injection machine grain bucket and heat, temperature is controlled at 230 degree and makes PMMA be convenient to inject mold cavity by the solid fluidify to be;
The a3 step: cleaning mold, promptly before the PMMA material injects, fixed die, the mobile pressing mold that adds are cleaned with the oil-free compressed air after filtering, purpose is the smooth finish requirement that guarantees eyeglass innner and outer face, this is the core process of this technological process;
The a4 step: the geat high pressure by injection machine injects the PMMA fluid to mould, promptly start inject switch, behind move moulds (punch 4 tools) and fixed mould (the die 5 tools) matched moulds, screw pump injects fluid with 25kg/cm2 pressure;
The a5 step: secondary pressurizing mold and pressurize, promptly injected for 5 seconds after, carry out secondary mould pressurization and make the pressurize 45 seconds in mould of in type eyeglass, purpose is the physical property that guarantees product;
A6 step: cooling die;
The a7 step: the demoulding, reach promptly that setting moved moulds after the dwell time withdraws from automatically, with specific purpose tool in type eyeglass is taken out;
The a8 step: typing is handled, and the eyeglass that is about to take out is placed on the fixator finalizes the design, and makes the eyeglass natural cooling;
The a9 step: check, promptly reject geat and burr, and, the certified products vanning is prepared to carry out surperficial stiffened handle, and reject unacceptable product through row luminosity and presentation quality inspection;
The b operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
B1 step: cleaning lens surface;
B2 step: on eyeglass is packed mould bases into after will cleaning, dash and blow lens surface;
B3 step: clean lens surface once more;
The b4 step: eyeglass is carried out surface spraying hardening liquid, promptly with the laser spraying rifle hardening liquid evenly is sprayed on lens surface, thickness should be controlled at the 0.005mm scope; (hardening liquid adopts the TS-56 of organopolysiloxane system, also will through molecular sieve filtration)
The b5 step: eyeglass is carried out hot setting, and the eyeglass that is about to after the spraying is put into the hot setting chamber together with fixing mould bases, heats to end 120 degree back curing and open curing room after 40 minutes;
The b6 step: eyeglass is carried out air-cooled, promptly use normal temperature compressed air quench cooled, the stiffened film hardness is improved and combine more firmly with the sheet base, this production environment is ten thousand grades of purification conditions;
B7 step: take out eyeglass;
The b8 step: check, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The c operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
C1 step: high voltage oil-free gas cleaning lens surface;
C2 step: will clean pack into mould bases and fix eyeglass mould bases is put into the coating machine vacuum chamber with eyeglass of back eyeglass;
C3 step: open the vacuum machine vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1/10000 atmospheric pressure;
C4 step: lens surface is plated stiffened, anti-reflection, anti-UV, waterproof membrane material;
C5 step: inject air in the vacuum chamber;
C6 step: open vacuum chamber and take out the eyeglass that has plated;
The c7 step: check, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product, promptly under dark background, 2001X illumination conditions by amplifying optical devices check eyeglass surface quality.(with 15W or fluorescent light or 40W bulb), this explained hereafter environment is ten thousand grades of purification standards;
For the b1 step: the cleaning lens surface; Its operating process is:
B11 step:, reach the clean surface effect with inert gas Ar+ ion or active ion bombardment lens surface;
The b12 step: ray gun is removed lens surface static;
B13 step: spend the ion cleaning hydromining and use the ultrasonic cleaning surface;
B14 step: dash dried surface with heated nitrogen.
For the c1 step: high voltage oil-free gas cleaning lens surface; Its operating process is:
C11 step:, reach the clean surface effect with inert gas Ar+ ion or active ion bombardment lens surface;
The c12 step: ray gun is removed lens surface static;
C13 step: spend the ion cleaning hydromining and use the ultrasonic cleaning surface;
C14 step: dash dried surface with heated nitrogen.
See also shown in Figure 180ly, it is the process flow diagram of new type lens die cast manufacturing process of the present invention, and for the PC material, because its material character is suitable for die cast, it is consisted of by three operations:
The d operation: the moulding process flow process, it comprises:
D1 step: select injection moulding PC plate for use, promptly select the PC profiled sheeting of the thick 76mm * 76mm of 2mm, carry out physical dimension, beauty defects inspection, test stone for the 76mm nonparallelism be less than ± 0.10mm, inner no steam bubble, impurity, carry out smooth processing with scraper as the discovery surface scratch;
The d2 step: cleaning PC plate surface, promptly dash with the pressurized air that does not have the oil filtration and blow the PC plate surface;
The d3 step: the PC plate after will checking carries out thermal pretreatment, and the temperature control is at 60 degrees centigrade;
The d4 step: mould and die preheating, promptly to dash and blow up and down heat simultaneously mould to 80 degree centigrade of mould with oil-free compressed air after filtration, described mold heated is realized by the resistance wire heating;
D5 step: high pressure gas cleaning mold;
The d6 step: the PC plate of packing into, promptly open the mold switch mold (convex molds) is moved up, the PC plate of preheating is packed in the bed die (concave surface mould);
The d7 step: first pressurization promptly starts mold and moves down for the first time and finalize the design;
The d8 step: the typing pressurize, cooling system is started working after promptly finalizing the design for the first time 20 seconds, mould acts on the PC eyeglass with 25kg/cm2 pressure under hydraulic jack drives and pressurize 3 minutes up and down;
The d9 step: finished product is taken out in die sinking, promptly pressurize is finished after, take out in type eyeglass with specific purpose tool and be placed on the processing of finalizing the design on the mould bases of finalizing the design;
The d10 step: typing is handled, and it comprises that the eyeglass after the processing carries out the processing of diameter cut edge;
The d11 step: the check eyeglass, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The e operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
E1 step: cleaning lens surface
E2 step: on eyeglass is packed mould bases into after will cleaning, dash and blow lens surface;
E3 step: clean lens surface once more;
The e4 step: eyeglass is carried out surface spraying hardening liquid, promptly with the laser spraying rifle hardening liquid evenly is sprayed on lens surface, thickness should be controlled at the 0.005mm scope; (hardening liquid adopts the TS-56 of organopolysiloxane system, also will through molecular sieve filtration)
The e5 step: eyeglass is carried out hot setting, and the eyeglass that is about to after the spraying is put into the hot setting chamber together with fixing mould bases, heats to end 120 degree back curing and open curing room after 40 minutes;
The e6 step: eyeglass is carried out air-cooled, promptly use normal temperature compressed air quench cooled, the stiffened film hardness is improved and combine more firmly with the sheet base, this production environment is ten thousand grades of purification conditions;
E7 step: take out eyeglass;
The e8 step: check, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The f operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
F1 step: high voltage oil-free gas cleaning lens surface
F2 step: will clean pack into mould bases and fix eyeglass mould bases is put into the coating machine vacuum chamber with eyeglass of back eyeglass;
F3 step: open the vacuum machine vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1/10000 atmospheric pressure;
F4 step: lens surface is plated stiffened, anti-reflection, anti-UV, waterproof membrane material;
F5 step: inject air in the vacuum chamber;
F6 step: open vacuum chamber and take out the eyeglass that has plated;
The f7 step: check, and reject unacceptable product, promptly under dark background, 2001X illumination conditions, do not check the eyeglass surface quality by amplifying optical devices.
(with 15W or fluorescent light or 40W bulb), this explained hereafter environment is ten thousand grades of purification standards;
Finally obtain new type lens through above-mentioned processes.
More than explanation is novel just illustrative for this; and it is nonrestrictive; those of ordinary skills understand; under the situation of the spirit and scope that do not break away from following claims and limited; can make many modifications; change, or equivalence, but all will fall in the protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (14)
1, a kind of novel thin lens, it is to process by one-body molded technology, it is characterized in that, and it comprises spherical lens part and fresnel prism part, and described spherical lens partly is arranged on the front portion, and described fresnel prism partly is arranged at the rear portion.
2, novel thin lens according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described spherical mirror partly is made up of two parts, first's spherical lens is arranged at the outside, the second portion spherical lens is arranged at inner optical centre district, and described fresnel prism partly is arranged at outside the inside center district.
3, novel thin lens according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described spherical lens partly is concavees lens or convex lens or is astigmat.
4, a kind of injection mold, be used to process described novel eyeglass, it is characterized in that it comprises: mould bases, die and punch, wherein, described die and punch are arranged on the mould bases, described mould bases has a slide bar, and described die and punch are positioned at the two ends of slide bar and can move matched moulds along described slide bar, are provided with injecting hole on described die, described die has at least one core rod, is provided with the material road between the described core rod; The core rod of described punch is corresponding with described die plate insert.
5, a kind of die casting, be used to process described novel eyeglass, it is characterized in that, it comprises: mould bases, die and punch, and wherein, described die and punch are arranged on the mould bases, described mould bases has a slide bar, described die and punch are positioned at the two ends of slide bar and can move matched moulds along described slide bar, and described die has at least one core rod, and the core rod of described punch is corresponding with described die plate insert.
6, die casting according to claim 5 is characterized in that, is set to sphere, cylinder one of them or its combination on the core rod of described die.
7, die casting according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the core surface of described punch all is a fresnel prism; Perhaps central authorities are sphere, and described fresnel prism is arranged at described sphere outside.
8, a kind of process of processing die and punch sphere is characterized in that it comprises: roughing, fining-off, finishing three process:
At first through roughing, according to mould bases size machined into die blank;
Secondly on special purpose machine tool, carry out the sphere fining-off;
Carry out finishing once more on special grinder, it is coaxial with the punch sphere to add man-hour, and roughness reaches requirement, and abrasive material selects 302 for use, 303# emery grinds and the polishing of cerium oxide brilliant polish;
Select alloy steel processing grinding tool at last for use, material will carry out modified, quenching heat treatment.
9, a kind of process of processing Fresnel prism is characterized in that, it comprises: at first will finish the sphere mould and be contained on the chuck, carry out school zero;
Secondly according to designing and calculating required ring distance, diameter, angle, choose diamond cutter and be contained on the cutter saddle;
Proofread and correct cutter and processed mould distance once more, open cooling system;
Then with above-mentioned data input computer, start;
Machine at last.
10, a kind of method of producing novel thin lens by Shooting Technique, it has used described injection mold, it is characterized in that, and it is made up of three operations:
The a operation: the moulding process flow process, it comprises:
The a1 step: material melts;
The a2 step: cleaning mold, promptly before material injects, clean with the oil-free compressed air after filtering fixed die, the mobile pressing mold that adds;
The a3 step: behind mobile punch and the die matched moulds, the geat high pressure injecting material fluid by injection machine is to mould;
A4 is rapid: secondary pressurizing mold and pressurize;
A5 is rapid: cooling die;
A6 is rapid: the demoulding, reach promptly that setting moved moulds after the dwell time withdraws from automatically, and with specific purpose tool in type eyeglass is taken out;
A7 is rapid: typing is handled, and the eyeglass that is about to take out is placed on the fixator finalizes the design, and makes the eyeglass natural cooling;
A8 is rapid: check, and promptly reject geat and burr, and, the certified products vanning is prepared to carry out surperficial stiffened handle through row luminosity and presentation quality inspection, reject unacceptable product;
The b operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
B1 step: cleaning lens surface;
B2 is rapid: eyeglass is carried out surface spraying hardening liquid, promptly with the laser spraying rifle hardening liquid evenly is sprayed on lens surface;
B3 is rapid: eyeglass is carried out hot setting, and the eyeglass that is about to after the spraying is put into the hot setting chamber together with fixing mould bases, heats to 120 degree back curing and opens curing room after 40 minutes;
B4 step: eyeglass is carried out air-cooled, promptly use normal temperature compressed air quench cooled, the stiffened film hardness is improved and combine more firm with the sheet base;
B5 step: take out eyeglass;
The b6 step: check, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The c operation: glasses lens plated technological process, it comprises:
C1 step: high voltage oil-free gas cleaning lens surface;
C2 step: will clean pack into mould bases and fix eyeglass mould bases is put into the coating machine vacuum chamber with eyeglass of back eyeglass;
C3 step: open the vacuum machine vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1/10000 atmospheric pressure;
C4 step: lens surface is plated stiffened, anti-reflection, anti-UV, waterproof membrane material;
C5 step: inject air in the vacuum chamber;
C6 step: open vacuum chamber and take out the eyeglass that has plated;
The c7 step: check, promptly under dark background, 200lX illumination conditions, do not check the eyeglass surface quality by amplifying optical devices, reject unacceptable product.
11 methods of producing novel thin lens by Shooting Technique according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described b1 step and c1 step, and it realizes that operation is:
At first, reach the clean surface effect with inert gas Ar+ ion or active ion bombardment lens surface;
Secondly ray gun is removed lens surface static;
Spend the ion cleaning hydromining once more and use the ultrasonic cleaning surface;
Dash with heated nitrogen at last and do the surface.
12, method of producing novel thin lens by Shooting Technique according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described b4 step is carried out under ten thousand grades of purification conditions.
13, a kind of method of producing novel thin lens by extrusion process has been used described die casting, it is characterized in that, it is made up of three operations:
The d operation: the moulding process flow process, it comprises:
D1 step: cleaning material surface;
The d2 step: the material after will checking carries out thermal pretreatment;
The d3 step: mould and die preheating, promptly dash with oil-free compressed air after filtration and blow up and down the mould mould of heating simultaneously;
D4 step: high pressure gas cleaning mold;
D5 step: open the mold switch epirelief face mould is moved up, the material of preheating is packed in the recessed face mould;
The d6 step: first pressurization promptly starts mold and moves down for the first time and finalize the design;
The d7 step: the typing pressurize, promptly first typing back cooling system is started working, mould acts on the eyeglass and the pressurize certain hour with certain pressure under hydraulic jack drives up and down;
The d8 step: finished product is taken out in die sinking, promptly pressurize is finished after, take out in type eyeglass with specific purpose tool and be placed on the processing of finalizing the design on the mould bases of finalizing the design;
The d9 step: typing is handled, and it comprises that the eyeglass after the processing carries out the processing of diameter cut edge;
The d10 step: the check eyeglass, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The e operation: lens surface hardening process flow process, it comprises:
E1 step: cleaning lens surface;
E2 step: eyeglass is carried out surface spraying hardening liquid, promptly hardening liquid evenly is sprayed on lens surface with the laser spraying rifle;
The e3 step: eyeglass is carried out hot setting, and the eyeglass that is about to after the spraying is put into the hot setting chamber together with fixing mould bases, heats to end 120 degree back curing and open curing room after 40 minutes;
E4 step: eyeglass is carried out air-cooled, promptly use normal temperature compressed air quench cooled, the stiffened film hardness is improved and combine more firm with the sheet base;
E5 step: take out eyeglass;
The e6 step: check, qualified next flow process that enters, and reject unacceptable product;
The f operation: eyeglass plating mold technique flow process, it comprises:
F1 step: high voltage oil-free gas cleaning lens surface;
F2 step: will clean pack into mould bases and fix eyeglass mould bases is put into the coating machine vacuum chamber with eyeglass of back eyeglass;
F3 step: open the vacuum machine vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1/10000 atmospheric pressure;
F4 step: lens surface is plated stiffened, anti-reflection, anti-UV, waterproof membrane material;
F5 step: inject air in the vacuum chamber;
F6 step: open vacuum chamber and take out the eyeglass that has plated;
The f7 step: check, promptly under dark background, 200lX illumination conditions, do not check the eyeglass surface quality, and reject unacceptable product by amplifying optical devices.
14, method of producing novel thin lens by extrusion process according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described e4 step is carried out under ten thousand grades of purification conditions.
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| GB902536A (en) * | 1959-04-06 | 1962-08-01 | James A Jobling And Company Lt | Improvements in or relating to lenses |
| JP2756670B2 (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1998-05-25 | 旭光学工業株式会社 | Progressive multifocal spectacle lens |
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| CN100394217C (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2008-06-11 | 云辰电子开发股份有限公司 | Thin Spherical Lens |
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| CN111212718A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2020-05-29 | 依视路国际公司 | High-speed injection molding for the manufacture of optical articles using a heating/cooling cycle |
| CN110303700A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-10-08 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of resin lens manufacturing method |
| CN111216331A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-06-02 | 深圳市博耀新材料有限公司 | Injection molding smooth surface and injection molding process |
| CN112305781A (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2021-02-02 | 付祖家 | Manufacturing method of composite Fresnel spectacle lens |
| CN112305781B (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2024-05-03 | 付祖家 | Manufacturing method of composite Fresnel spectacle lens |
| CN114296158A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-08 | 中山市光大光学仪器有限公司 | Four-cemented prism film coating device and film coating method |
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| CN100447585C (en) | 2008-12-31 |
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