CN1831851A - Interface of removable electronic device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及可抽取式电子装置,更明确地说,涉及可抽取式存储卡标准及其方法。The present invention relates to removable electronic devices, and more particularly, to removable memory card standards and methods thereof.
背景技术Background technique
存储卡是众所熟知的含有数字存储器的小型可携式封装,举例来说,非易失存储器(例如闪存、EPROM、EEPROM(电可擦除可编程只读存储器))阵列。存储卡已经普遍成为用于储存来自个人计算机、笔记本电脑、个人数字助理、手机、相机、以及支持可抽取式数据储存装置的其它电子装置等庞大资料字节的装置。Memory cards are well known small portable packages containing digital memory, for example, arrays of non-volatile memory such as flash memory, EPROM, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory). Memory cards have become popular devices for storing huge bytes of data from personal computers, notebook computers, personal digital assistants, cell phones, cameras, and other electronic devices that support removable data storage devices.
一般来说,存储卡包含位于其表面上的外露电接点,以便可轻易地连接至主电子系统或装置(尤其是可携式装置)的插孔中以及从该插孔中移除。已经有人设计出数种存储卡标准,其包含位于加州Cupertino的MultiMedia Card Association(MMCA)公司所订定的MultiMediaCard(MMC)标准。MMC是一种小型、可抽取式存储卡,其可用来储存且获取小型、低功率装置中的数字信息。MMC已经被运用在许多移动式电子应用产品中,例如音乐播放机、移动电话、个人数字助理(PDA)、数码相机、录音机、以及GPS导航装置。MMCA已经开发且调整其开放式业界标准,同时还将所有种类的MMC定义成可跨越多种主机平台与市场的业界标准。MMC的物理与电气规格已公布在「The MultiMedia CardSystem Specification」之中,其是由MMCA适时更新与公告。Generally, a memory card includes exposed electrical contacts on its surface so that it can be easily connected to and removed from a jack of a host electronic system or device, especially a portable device. Several memory card standards have been devised, including the MultiMediaCard (MMC) standard defined by the MultiMedia Card Association (MMCA) of Cupertino, California. MMC is a small, removable memory card that can be used to store and retrieve digital information in small, low-power devices. MMC has been used in many mobile electronic applications, such as music players, mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), digital cameras, tape recorders, and GPS navigation devices. The MMCA has developed and aligned its open industry standards and defined all kinds of MMCs as industry standards across a variety of host platforms and markets. The physical and electrical specifications of MMC have been published in "The MultiMedia CardSystem Specification", which is updated and announced by MMCA in due course.
另一种已知的可抽取式存储卡标准为通用串行总线(USB),不过该项标准并不受限于存储装置。USB是一种高速串行总线,其可支持各种装置,例如打印机、键盘、扫描仪、指针装置、以及PDA。USB已经成为计算机界中的一种标准,因为此协议可利用最少的连接来互连多个装置而且具有很高的使用者友善性。USB目前是由Universal Serial Bus Specification来定义,由USB Implementers Forum,Inc.来撰写与控制,USB ImplementersForum,Inc.是由负责开发USB规格的一组公司所创立的非营利团体。该份规格涵盖USB运行的所有方面,其包含电性、机械性、以及通信特征与规格在内。USB的其中一项重要特点是其允许外围装置储存和本身有关的信息,并且于主机要求时提供此信息。此作法可免除该主机(其可能是计算机、操作系统、或是应用程序)保留许多不同装置的此项信息的需求。更确切地说,该装置本身会储存且提供该信息。Another known standard for removable memory cards is Universal Serial Bus (USB), although this standard is not limited to storage devices. USB is a high-speed serial bus that supports various devices such as printers, keyboards, scanners, pointing devices, and PDAs. USB has become a standard in the computer world because the protocol can interconnect multiple devices with a minimum of connections and is very user-friendly. USB is currently defined by the Universal Serial Bus Specification, written and controlled by the USB Implementers Forum, Inc., a non-profit group founded by a group of companies responsible for developing the USB specification. The specification covers all aspects of USB operation, including electrical, mechanical, and communication characteristics and specifications. One of the important features of USB is that it allows a peripheral device to store information about itself and provide this information when requested by the host. This can remove the need for the host (which may be a computer, operating system, or application) to keep this information for many different devices. Rather, the device itself stores and provides this information.
于存储卡的演进中,吾人希望存储卡降低功耗并且提供较高的存取速度,同时依然与既有的协议(例如MMC及USB规格)保有反向兼容的能力。In the evolution of memory cards, we hope that memory cards can reduce power consumption and provide higher access speeds, while still maintaining backward compatibility with existing protocols (such as MMC and USB specifications).
发明内容Contents of the invention
本文披露一种新颖的可抽取式存储卡标准。本发明的标准同时包含探测技术及硬件接口兼容需求。再者,本新颖的标准反向兼容于MMC与USB应用。This paper discloses a novel detachable memory card standard. The standard of the present invention includes both detection technology and hardware interface compatibility requirements. Furthermore, the novel standard is backward compatible with MMC and USB applications.
根据本发明具体实施例,提供一种具有应用模块用以将数据传输至主机或是传输来自主机数据的可抽取式电子装置,该主机具有多个接触终端,该装置包括;第一列接触触点,该第一列中每个上述这些接触触点均包含实质渐细末端;以及第二列接触触点,该第二列中每个上述这些接触触点均包含实质渐细末端,其会以交织关系对应于该第一列中至少其中一个上述这些接触触点的实质渐细末端,其中上述这些第一与第二列接触触点均会被设置成用以收纳上述这些多个接触终端。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a detachable electronic device with an application module for transmitting data to or from a host, the host has a plurality of contact terminals, and the device includes; a first row of contacts point, each of the above-mentioned contact contacts in the first column includes a substantially tapered end; and a second column of contact contacts, each of the above-mentioned contact contacts in the second column includes a substantially tapered end that will a substantially tapered end corresponding to at least one of the contact contacts in the first row in a weaving relationship, wherein the contact contacts of the first and second rows are configured to receive the plurality of contact terminals .
进一步根据本发明,提供一种具有应用模块用以将数据传输至主机或是传输来自主机数据的可抽取式电子装置,其包括;外壳,其具有顶表面、底表面、以及周围;形成于该外壳顶表面上的多列交织接触触点;位于该外壳周围上的实质U形凹陷部;以及位于该外壳的角落上的凹口,用以于该装置被连接至主机时将该装置固定至该主机。Further in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a removable electronic device having an application module for transmitting data to or from a host, comprising; a housing having a top surface, a bottom surface, and a surrounding; formed on the rows of interlaced contact contacts on the top surface of the housing; substantially U-shaped recesses on the perimeter of the housing; and notches in the corners of the housing for securing the device to the the host.
另外,根据本发明,提供一种具有应用模块用以将数据传输至主机或是传输来自主机数据的可抽取式电子装置,其包括;外壳,其具有顶表面、底表面、以及周围;位于该外壳周围上的实质U形凹陷部;以及位于该外壳的角落上的凹口,用以于该装置被连接至主机时将该装置固定至该主机。In addition, according to the present invention, there is provided a removable electronic device with an application module for transmitting data to or from a host, comprising; a housing having a top surface, a bottom surface, and a surrounding; a substantially U-shaped recess on the periphery of the housing; and notches on corners of the housing for securing the device to the host when the device is connected to the host.
又,根据本发明,提供一种具有应用模块用以将数据传输至主机或是传输来自主机数据的可抽取式电子装置,其包括;外壳,其具有顶表面、底表面、以及周围;形成于该外壳顶表面上的多列交织接触触点;以及位于该外壳周围上的实质U形凹陷部。Also, according to the present invention, there is provided a detachable electronic device with an application module for transmitting data to or from a host, comprising: a casing having a top surface, a bottom surface, and a surrounding; formed on columns of interleaved contact contacts on the top surface of the housing; and substantially U-shaped recesses on the perimeter of the housing.
再,根据本发明,提供一种具有应用模块用以将数据传输至主机或是传输来自主机数据的可抽取式电子装置,其包括;外壳,其具有顶表面、底表面、以及周围;形成于该外壳顶表面上的多列交织接触触点;以及位于该外壳的角落上的凹口,用以于该装置被连接至主机时将该装置固定至该主机。Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided a detachable electronic device with an application module for transmitting data to or from a host, comprising: a casing having a top surface, a bottom surface, and surroundings; formed on rows of interlaced contact contacts on the top surface of the housing; and notches on corners of the housing for securing the device to the host when the device is connected to the host.
于下文的说明中将部分提出本发明的额外特点与优点,而且从该说明中将了解其中一部分,或者通过实行本发明亦可习得。通过随附权利要求中特别提出的元件与组合将可了解且达成本发明的特点与优点。Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be understood from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The features and advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
应该了解的是,上文的概要说明以及下文的详细说明都仅供作示范与解释,其并未限制本文所主张之发明。It should be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are for purposes of illustration and explanation only, and are not restrictive of the invention claimed herein.
本说明书中所并入且构成本说明书其中一部分的附图所图解的是本发明的其中一具体实施例,其连同本说明可用来解释本发明的原理。The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate one embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
参照附图阅读,即可更好地了解本发明前面披露的内容以及下文的详细说明。为达本发明的说明目的,各图里图示有现属较佳之各具体实施例。然应了解本发明并不限于所示的精确配置方式及设备装置。The foregoing disclosure and the following detailed description of the present invention can be better understood when read with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present invention, the drawings show specific embodiments which are presently preferred. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.
在各图式中:In each diagram:
图1A、1B、以及1C为根据本发明一具体实施例的存储卡的一般应用的功能方框图;1A, 1B, and 1C are functional block diagrams of a general application of a memory card according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为根据本发明一具体实施例用于探测运行模式的方法流程图;2 is a flow chart of a method for detecting an operating mode according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
图3为根据本发明一具体实施例用于探测运行模式的方法的另一流程图;3 is another flowchart of a method for detecting an operating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4A为根据本发明一具体实施例所建议的可抽取式电子装置的引脚配置图;FIG. 4A is a pin configuration diagram of a proposed removable electronic device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
图4B为根据本发明另一具体实施例所建议之可抽取式电子装置的引脚配置图;FIG. 4B is a pin configuration diagram of a proposed removable electronic device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图5为根据本发明一具体实施例之可抽取式电子装置的示意图;以及5 is a schematic diagram of a removable electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
图6A与6B为根据本发明具体实施例的示范电子装置。6A and 6B are exemplary electronic devices according to embodiments of the present invention.
主要元件标记说明Description of main component marking
30 可抽取式电子装置30 removable electronic device
32 IF模式探测器32 IF mode detectors
34 MMC装置控制器34 MMC device controller
35 交错器35 Interleaver
36 USB实体层电路36 USB physical layer circuit
37 USB装置控制器37 USB device controller
38 应用模块38 application modules
40 主机40 Host
42 总线42 bus
100 可抽取式电子装置100 removable electronics
102 凹口102 Notches
104 相邻侧104 adjacent side
106 相邻侧106 adjacent side
120 可抽取式电子装置120 removable electronics
122 凹口122 Notches
124 凹陷部124 depression
126 凹陷部126 depression
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为达解释目的,本详细说明中提出各种明确的细节以便更彻底地了解本发明的具体实施例。不过,熟习本技术的人士将会发现,没有这些明确细节亦可实现本发明的具体实施例。于其它实例中,会以方框图的形式来显示各结构与装置。再者,熟习本技术的人士便可轻易地明白本文中表现与实行方法的特定顺序仅供解释之用,本发明亦涵盖各种变化顺序,而且仍然落在本发明具体实施例的精神与范畴之中。In this detailed description, for purposes of explanation, various specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of specific embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, structures and devices are shown in block diagram form. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the specific order of the performance and implementation of the method herein is for explanation only, and the present invention also covers various order changes, and still falls within the spirit and scope of the specific embodiments of the present invention among.
图1A、1B、以及1C为根据本发明一具体实施例的可抽取式电子装置30的一般应用的功能方框图。电子装置30(暂称为Mu卡)能够支持兼容于USB以及MMC、CF(小型快闪)、SM(智能型媒体)、以及SD(安全数字)等应用中至少其中一种的运行模式。举例来说,USB兼容模式包含USB 2.0应用,而MMC兼容模式则包含MMC 4.0或MMC SPI(串行-外围界面)应用中的一种。为达简化目的,下面具体实施例中仅阐述MMC兼容模式。熟习本技术的人士将会了解,本发明可等效应用至CF、SM、SD等模式中。1A, 1B, and 1C are functional block diagrams of a general application of a removable
电子装置30包含1、4、8、或16位接口,并且会提供5V/3.3V/1.8V的低电压支持,于待机期间具有零功耗。此外,电子装置30能够支持约从50KB/s至120MB/s的宽的带宽。相反地,MMC 4.0支持1、4、或8位数据传输,最大速度为52MB/s;而USB 2.0则支持最大速度为60MB/s的数据传输。结果,电子装置30可提供高速应用,且同时保有至少与USB、MMC、MMC SPI等应用有关的反向兼容能力。The
图1A为运行于USB模式中的电子装置30的功能方框图。参照图1A,电子装置30包含接口(IF)模式探测器32、多媒体卡(MMC)装置控制器34、交错器35、通用串行总线(USB)实体层(PHY)电路36、USB装置控制器37、以及应用模块38。当电子装置30被插入主机40中时,IF模式探测器32会探测运行模式,用以区分MMC模式、USB模式、或是Mu模式。主机40(举例来说,笔记本电脑、个人计算机(PC)、手机、平板计算机、个人数字助理(PDA)、或是数码摄影机(DV)/数码相机(DSC))可能包含卡片阅读机(图中未表示)用以收纳(receive)电子装置30。于本具体实施例中,IF模式探测器32会探测主机40(与电子装置30相连者)是否符合USB规格。USB装置控制器37会通过USB PHY电路36在主机40与应用模块38间的共享总线42上控制数据传输。应用模块38视所探测列的运行模式而定,可用作存储器或输入/输出(I/O)接口。FIG. 1A is a functional block diagram of an
图1B为运行于Mu模式中的电子装置30的功能方框图。参照图1B,IF模式探测器32会探测主机40(与电子装置30相连者)是否符合Mu规格。USB装置控制器37会通过交错器35控制主机40与应用模块38间的数据传输。交错器35会将呼叫交错成另一函数或程序内的某个函数或程序,该交错器35会将16位数据转换成USB装置控制器37可识别的串行数据,或是反向转换。就此而言,交错器35桥接Mu总线与UTMI(USB 2.0Transceiver Macrocell Interface(USB 2.0收发器宏单元接口))总线之间。UTMI(其被开发用来定义USB 2.0的上述这些实体层电路及部分上述这些逻辑层电路的接口规格)可于高速(HS)模式中促成480Mbps的数据传输速率,该速率远高于USB 1.1的速率,同时又可保持反向兼容于USB 1.1标准。FIG. 1B is a functional block diagram of the
图1C为运行于MMC模式中的电子装置30的功能方框图。参照图1C,IF模式探测器32会探测主机40(与电子装置30相连者)是否符合MMC规格。MMC装置控制器34会控制主机40与应用模块38间的数据传输。MMC应用包含下面其中一种:MMC 4.0,1、4、或8位接口;或是MMCSPI,1位接口。FIG. 1C is a functional block diagram of the
图2为根据本发明一具体实施例用于探测运行模式的方法流程图。参照图2,于装置端,会于步骤50处开启主机40(与电子装置30相连者)。于步骤52处会探测主机40的电源电压VDD,用以判断VDD是否等于或大于USB应用所需要的电压电平。通常,USB应用可运行的电压电平范围约介于4.5V(伏)至5.5V之间,而MMC或Mu应用可运行的电压电平则约在1.8V或3.3V。于其中一具体实施例中,倘若主机40的VDD电平等于或大于4.4V,便会于步骤54处决定运行模式为USB 2.0。倘若主机40的VDD电平小于4.4V,则会决定运行模式为Mu应用或MMC应用。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an operating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2 , at the device side, the host 40 (connected to the electronic device 30 ) will be turned on at
接着,于步骤56处会判断主机40所发送的命令信号CMD0是否被电子装置30收到。于步骤58处会于预设时间周期内探测命令信号CMD0。倘若超过预设时间,于步骤60处,主机40便会被关闭或是「被暂停」以节省电源。倘若未超过预设时间,便会继续探测该命令信号。当收到命令信号时,便会于步骤62处判断该命令信号是否表示Mu应用。倘若该命令信号并非Mu命令信号,便会于步骤64处决定该运行模式为MMC应用。倘若决定该命令信号是Mu命令信号,于步骤66处,电子装置30便会响应主机40该运行模式为Mu应用。接着,于步骤68处,电子装置30便会等待一段预设时间(举例来说,8个时脉)以进行同步。一般来说,该时脉速率相依于主机速度及系统时脉。接着,于步骤70处,电子装置30便会切换至Mu界面以便于步骤72处实行Mu应用。Then, at
图3为根据本发明一具体实施例用于探测运行模式的方法的另一流程图。参照图3,于主机端,主机40会于步骤80处将Mu命令信号Mu CMD0发送至电子装置30。于步骤82处,倘若电子装置30未发送响应信号的话,主机40便会于步骤84处发送MMC命令信号MMC CMD0,用以于步骤86处表示该运行模式为MMC应用。于步骤82处,倘若电子装置30回复Mu响应信号的话,主机40便会于步骤88处发送预设数量的时脉(举例来说,8个时脉),用以进行同步。电子装置30会于步骤90处切换至Mu模式。于步骤92处,电子装置30可视情况发送信号给主机40,用以表示Mu接口已经备妥待用。FIG. 3 is another flowchart of a method for detecting an operating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3 , at the host end, the
举例来说,命令信号MMC CMD0及Mu CMD0分别被定义成下面的6字节格式「40h、00h、00h、00h、00h、95h」及「40h、4Dh、55h、BFh、B2h、AAh]。再者,Mu响应信号则被定义成下面的6字节格式「19h、[4字节运行参数]、FFh」。For example, the command signals MMC CMD0 and Mu CMD0 are respectively defined as the following 6-byte formats "40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 95h" and "40h, 4Dh, 55h, BFh, B2h, AAh]. Alternatively, the Mu response signal is defined as the following 6-byte format "19h, [4-byte operating parameters], FFh".
图4A为根据本发明一具体实施例所建议的可抽取式电子装置的引脚分配图。参照图4A,装置端处的所有引脚均保持在HiZ(高阻抗)状态,直到决定主机与该可抽取式电子装置间的运行模式为止。对MMC 4.0模式来说,该可抽取式电子装置的第一引脚(也就是,DAT 3)被定义成用以将MMC 4.0模式切换成MMC SPI模式,其已定义在MMC规格之中。Mu接口模式的第二引脚(也就是,DAT 8)则用来确认选择的是MMC模式或Mu接口模式。USB模式的第十四根与第十五根引脚(也就是,D+与D-)则是一对数据信号,其可用来判断USB模式是否被选择。该对数据信号(D+、D-)是一互补对,其中当其中一者处于高位准处时,另一者便处于低位准处。对SIMM(单边接触存储模块)卡应用而言,引脚18、19、20则保留。因此,本发明的可抽取式电子装置能够支持MMC兼容应用、USB兼容应用、以及Mu界面应用,并且同时保留适用于SIMM应用的弹性。FIG. 4A is a pin assignment diagram of a proposed removable electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4A , all pins at the device side remain in a HiZ (high impedance) state until the operating mode between the host and the removable electronic device is determined. For the MMC 4.0 mode, the first pin (ie, DAT 3 ) of the removable electronic device is defined to switch the MMC 4.0 mode to the MMC SPI mode, which is defined in the MMC specification. The second pin (that is, DAT 8) of the Mu interface mode is used to confirm whether the MMC mode or the Mu interface mode is selected. The fourteenth and fifteenth pins (that is, D+ and D−) of the USB mode are a pair of data signals, which can be used to determine whether the USB mode is selected. The pair of data signals (D+, D-) is a complementary pair where when one is at a high level, the other is at a low level. For SIMM (Single-Side Memory Module) card applications, pins 18, 19, 20 are reserved. Therefore, the detachable electronic device of the present invention can support MMC-compatible applications, USB-compatible applications, and Mu-interface applications while retaining flexibility for SIMM applications.
本发明的接口协议范例说明如下:The interface protocol example of the present invention is described as follows:
1.SYNC栏1. SYNC column
(1)1-位:DAT=0b(1) 1-bit: DAT = 0b
(2)4-位:DAT[3:0]=xxx0b(2) 4-bit: DAT[3:0]=xxx0b
(3)8-位:DAT[7:0]=xxxxxxx0b(3) 8-bit: DAT[7:0]=xxxxxxx0b
(4)16-位:DAT[15:0]=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx0b(4) 16-bit: DAT[15:0]=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx0b
其中「x」表示和该协议无关的条件。where "x" indicates a condition that is not relevant to the agreement.
2.PID栏2. PID column
(1)1-位:LSB优先(1) 1-bit: LSB first
DAT=PID[0]PID[1]PID[2]PID[3]nPID[0]nPID[1]nPID[2]nPID[3]DAT=PID[0]PID[1]PID[2]PID[3]nPID[0]nPID[1]nPID[2]nPID[3]
(2)4-位:(2) 4-bit:
DAT[3:0]=PID[3:0]nPID[3:0]DAT[3:0]=PID[3:0]nPID[3:0]
(3)8-位:(3) 8-bit:
DAT[7:4]=PID[3:0]的反向DAT[7:4] = inverse of PID[3:0]
DAT[3:0]=PID[3:0]DAT[3:0]=PID[3:0]
其中「nPID」表示为PID的反向信号。PID数据交易会受到PID与nPID的反向镜数据保护。主机端与装置端中的控制器应该要验证PID的合法性。PID码定应在下面表1中。Among them, "nPID" represents the reverse signal of PID. PID data transactions will be protected by the reverse mirror data of PID and nPID. The controllers in the host side and the device side should verify the legality of the PID. The PID code should be in Table 1 below.
表1 PID码
*注:PID位以MSb序列显示,在USB上传送时,首先传送该最右位(位0)。 * Note: PID bits are shown in MSb sequence, when transmitting over USB, the rightmost bit (bit 0) is transmitted first.
3.地址、结束点、CRC5栏3. Address, end point, CRC5 column
(1)地址=>7位,ADDR[6:0](1) Address => 7 bits, ADDR[6:0]
(2)结束点=>4位,EndP[3:0](2) End point => 4 bits, EndP[3:0]
(3)Token CRC=>5位,TCRC[4:0](3) Token CRC=>5 digits, TCRC[4:0]
{ADDR[6:0]&EndP[3]}+{EndP[2:0]&TCRC[4:0]}{ADDR[6:0]&EndP[3]}+{EndP[2:0]&TCRC[4:0]}
其中TCRC是5位的Token CRC,而Mu卡上的CRC则是可选项。Among them, TCRC is a 5-digit Token CRC, and the CRC on the Mu card is optional.
倘若启动CRC,CRC检查便会同时存在于主机与装置中。然而,倘若取消CRC,交错器便必须为USB控制器产生CRC。因为预设值是取消CRC,所以当取消CRC时便没有任何CRC栏。If CRC is enabled, CRC checks will be present in both the host and the device. However, if the CRC is removed, the interleaver must generate the CRC for the USB controller. Since the default value is to cancel the CRC, there will be no CRC column when the CRC is canceled.
4.EOP栏4. EOP column
(1)1-位:DAT0=1b(1) 1-bit: DAT0 = 1b
(2)4位:DAT[3:0]=xxx1b(2) 4 bits: DAT[3:0]=xxx1b
(3)8位:DAT[7:0]=xxxxxxx1b(3) 8 bits: DAT[7:0]=xxxxxxx1b
(4)16位:DAT[15:0]=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1b(4) 16 bits: DAT[15:0]=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1b
其中「x」表示「不理会」条件。为解决16位模式交易中的偶/奇字节问题,会于EOP栏的b[15]中加入OddByte位。倘若OddByte=1,那么DATA[15:8]中的最后字节便是不合法。倘若OddByte=0,那么DATA[15:0]中的最后字组便是合法。where "x" means "ignore" the condition. In order to solve the even/odd byte problem in 16-bit mode transactions, the OddByte bit will be added to b[15] of the EOP column. If OddByte=1, then the last byte in DATA[15:8] is invalid. If OddByte=0, then the last byte in DATA[15:0] is valid.
5.标记封包格式5. Mark the packet format
标记封包是由3字节的SYNC与EOP所组成。标记封包支持至少1位、4位、以及8位模式。The marker packet is composed of 3 bytes of SYNC and EOP. Tag packets support at least 1-bit, 4-bit, and 8-bit modes.
(1)1位:(LSB优先)(1) 1 bit: (LSB first)
SYNC+PID+ADDR+ENDP+CRC5+EOPSYNC+PID+ADDR+ENDP+CRC5+EOP
(2)4位:{DAT[3:0]}(2) 4 bits: {DAT[3:0]}
SYNC+PID+not(PID)+A[3:0]+{ENDP[0]&A[6:4]}+{CRC0&ENDP[3:1]}+CRC[5:1]+EOPSYNC+PID+not(PID)+A[3:0]+{ENDP[0]&A[6:4]}+{CRC0&ENDP[3:1]}+CRC[5:1]+EOP
(3)8位模式:{DAT[7:0]}(3) 8-bit mode: {DAT[7:0]}
SYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+{EP[0]&A[6:0]}+{TCRC[4:0]&EP[3:1]}+EOPSYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+{EP[0]&A[6:0]}+{TCRC[4:0]&EP[3:1]}+EOP
5.1.帧起始格式5.1. Frame start format
SYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+{FN[10:3]}+{FN[2:0]&TCRC[4:0]}+EOPSYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+{FN[10:3]}+{FN[2:0]&TCRC[4:0]}+EOP
其中FN表示帧编号。where FN represents the frame number.
6.数据封包格式6. Data packet format
6.1.数据域格式6.1. Data field format
(i)1位:(LSB优先)(i) 1 bit: (LSB first)
DAT0 DAT0
字节N-1 字节N 字节N+1Byte N-1 Byte N Byte N+1
(ii)4位(ii) 4 digits
DAT3DAT2DAT1DAT0 DAT3DAT2DAT1DAT0
字节N-1 字节N 字节N+1Byte N-1 Byte N Byte N+1
(iii)8位(iii) 8 bits
DAT7DAT0 DAT7DAT0
(iv)16位(iv) 16 bits
DAT15DAT8DAT7DAT0 DAT15DAT8DAT7DAT0
其中16位模式仅使用在数据封包中。The 16-bit mode is only used in data packets.
6.2.数据封包格式6.2. Data packet format
SYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+{DAT[7:0]}*(0~1024)+{DCRC[15:8]}+{DCRC[7:0]}+EOPSYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+{DAT[7:0]}*(0~1024)+{DCRC[15:8]}+{DCRC[7:0]}+EOP
其中DCRC为16位多项式的数据CRC:X16+X15+X2+1(SEED=800Dh)Among them, DCRC is the data CRC of 16-bit polynomial: X16+X15+X2+1 (SEED=800Dh)
7.交握封包格式7. Handshake packet format
(1)1位:(LSB优先)(1) 1 bit: (LSB first)
SYNC+PID+EOPSYNC+PID+EOP
(2)4位:{DAT[3:0]}(2) 4 bits: {DAT[3:0]}
SYNC+PID+not(PID)+EOPSYNC+PID+not(PID)+EOP
(3)8位模式:{DAT[7:0]}(3) 8-bit mode: {DAT[7:0]}
SYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+EOPSYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+EOP
8.特殊封包格式8. Special packet format
8.1.回波(Ping)格式8.1. Echo (Ping) format
(i)1位:(LSB优先)(i) 1 bit: (LSB first)
SYNC+PID+ADDR+ENDP+CRC5+EOPSYNC+PID+ADDR+ENDP+CRC5+EOP
(ii)4位:{DAT[3:0]}(ii) 4 bits: {DAT[3:0]}
SYNC+PID+not(PID)+A[3:0]+{ENDP[0]&A[6:4]}+{CRC0&ENDP[3:1]}+CRC[5:1]+EOPSYNC+PID+not(PID)+A[3:0]+{ENDP[0]&A[6:4]}+{CRC0&ENDP[3:1]}+CRC[5:1]+EOP
(iii)8位模式:{DAT[7:0]}(iii) 8-bit mode: {DAT[7:0]}
SYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+{EP[0]&A[6:0]}+{TCRC[4:0]&EP[3:1]}+EOPSYNC+{not(PID)&PID}+{EP[0]&A[6:0]}+{TCRC[4:0]&EP[3:1]}+EOP
9.传输类型9. Transmission type
上述这些传输类型是USB标准固有的,其包含(1)控制、(2)中断、(3)聚集(Bulk)、以及(4)等时性(Isochronous)。The above-mentioned transfer types are intrinsic to the USB standard, and include (1) control, (2) interrupt, (3) bulk (Bulk), and (4) isochronous (Isochronous).
10.信号完整性10. Signal Integrity
该总线中的信号或数据传输具有3种保护种类:The signal or data transmission in this bus has 3 kinds of protection:
(1)PID会受到PID与nPID的反向镜保护。其中nPID为PID的反向信号。(1) PID will be protected by the reverse mirror of PID and nPID. Among them, nPID is the reverse signal of PID.
(2)标记封包与帧起始会受到CRC5保护,其多项式与数据源(SEED)如下:(2) The marked packet and frame start will be protected by CRC5, and its polynomial and data source (SEED) are as follows:
X5+X2+1 with SEED=01100bX5+X2+1 with SEED=01100b
(3)数据封包会受到CRC16保护,其多项式与数据源(SEED)如下:(3) The data packet will be protected by CRC16, and its polynomial and data source (SEED) are as follows:
X16+X15+X2+1 with SEED=800DhX16+X15+X2+1 with SEED=800Dh
11.总线宽度及设定11. Bus width and setting
该装置会于1位总线模式处被提供电源。主机可设定1位(初始)、4位、8位、或是16位总线宽度用以于两端处运行。The device is powered in 1-bit bus mode. The host can set the 1-bit (initial), 4-bit, 8-bit, or 16-bit bus width to operate at both ends.
(1)1位:标记(1位)、交握(1位)、特殊(1位)、数据(1位)。(1) 1 bit: flag (1 bit), handshake (1 bit), special (1 bit), data (1 bit).
(2)4位:标记(4位)、交握(4位)、特殊(4位)、数据(4位)。(2) 4 bits: mark (4 bits), handshake (4 bits), special (4 bits), data (4 bits).
(3)8位:标记(8位)、交握(8位)、特殊(8位)、数据(8位)。(3) 8 bits: mark (8 bits), handshake (8 bits), special (8 bits), data (8 bits).
(4)16位:标记(8位)、交握(8位)、特殊(8位)、数据(16位)。(4) 16 bits: mark (8 bits), handshake (8 bits), special (8 bits), data (16 bits).
图4B为根据本发明另一具体实施例所建议的可抽取式电子装置的引脚配置图。和图4A中所示的16位应用的20引脚配置不同的是,图4B图解的是8位应用的3引脚配置。USB模式的第十一根与第十二根引脚分别针对D-与D+来定义,可用于判断该USB模式是否被选择。再者,引脚11、12、13是针对SIMM卡应用来定义。FIG. 4B is a pin configuration diagram of a proposed removable electronic device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4B illustrates a 3-pin configuration for an 8-bit application, as opposed to the 20-pin configuration for a 16-bit application shown in Figure 4A. The eleventh and twelfth pins of the USB mode are defined for D- and D+ respectively, and can be used to determine whether the USB mode is selected. Furthermore, pins 11, 12, and 13 are defined for SIMM card applications.
图5为根据本发明一具体实施例的可抽取式电子装置100的示意图。参照图5,电子装置100于左上角处包含凹口102,用以避免误插入电子装置100。此外,凹口102与相关的反部件可达到MMC与USB应用的反向兼容目的,不过反之却不然。于其中一方式中,凹口102会以实质相同的角度(约45度)和相邻侧104及106相交。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a removable electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 5 , the electronic device 100 includes a notch 102 at the upper left corner to avoid inserting the electronic device 100 by mistake. In addition, the notch 102 and associated anti-components can achieve backward compatibility of MMC and USB applications, but not vice versa. In one approach, notch 102 intersects adjacent sides 104 and 106 at substantially the same angle (about 45 degrees).
电子装置100还包含多个交织的接触触点1至20,其对应的是图4A中所示的引脚。上述这些接触触点中的交织设计允许于相同的地区中出现额外的引脚。因此,亦可使用不同数量接触触点。和电子装置100内的存储器电路芯片(图中未表示)相连的上述这些接触触点是沿着正面104及凹口102置于顶表面的二十个凹窝处。上述这些接触触点可分成第一列与第二列。每个上述这些接触触点包含实质渐细的末端,致使可通过它们的实质渐细末端让第一列的接触触点对齐第二列的对应接触触点。上述这些实质渐细末端可平顺地接触该主机的接触终端。The electronic device 100 also includes a plurality of interleaved
图6A与6B为根据本发明一具体实施例的可抽取式电子装置120的示意图。图6A为具有外壳(未编号)的电子装置120的俯视图。参照图6A,该外壳包含顶表面、底表面、以及周围。电子装置120包含凹口122及位于该外壳周围上实质「U形」的凹陷部124,以允许产生低高度的设计。明确地说,凹陷部124可让主机中的卡片阅读机(图中未表示)抓住电子装置120并且通过凹陷部124固定电子装置120,不同于公知应用利用存储卡的庞大体积来固定其在主机中的位置。就此而言,本发明的存储卡的凹口设计可降低存储卡设计的考量,并且可最小化记忆卡的设计。据此,亦可最小化主机中的卡片阅读机高度。6A and 6B are schematic diagrams of a removable
除了位于第一列与第二列中的多个交织接触触点(未编号)以外,电子装置120还包含延伸跨越第一列至第二列的接触触点128。于其中一具体实施例中,第一列接触触点与第二列接触触点的总数为20个。In addition to a plurality of interleaved contacts (not numbered) located in the first and second columns,
图6B为电子装置120的仰视图。参照图6B,电子装置120于周围上包含多个额外的凹陷部126,用以让电子装置120固锁至主机侧处的外壳。FIG. 6B is a bottom view of the
熟谙本项技术之人士应即了解可对上述各项具体实施例进行变化,而不致悖离其广义之发明性概念。因此,应了解本发明并不限于本文披露之特定具体实施例,而系为涵盖归属如后载各权利要求所定义之本发明精神及范围内的修改项目。Those who are familiar with this technology should immediately understand that the above-mentioned specific embodiments can be changed without departing from the broad inventive concept. It is understood, therefore, that this invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, but it is intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
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| JP2004054544A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-02-19 | Pc Expert Tech Co Ltd | Data outputting device and method for memory card |
| TWI287751B (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2007-10-01 | Carry Technology Co Ltd | Multi-functional small-form-factor memory card interface for use in a USB interface |
| CN100426278C (en) * | 2002-09-16 | 2008-10-15 | 万国电脑股份有限公司 | Communication method between electronic device and multifunctional small-sized memory card |
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