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CN1823171A - Method for processing sulfide ores containing precious metals - Google Patents

Method for processing sulfide ores containing precious metals Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1823171A
CN1823171A CNA2004800203212A CN200480020321A CN1823171A CN 1823171 A CN1823171 A CN 1823171A CN A2004800203212 A CNA2004800203212 A CN A2004800203212A CN 200480020321 A CN200480020321 A CN 200480020321A CN 1823171 A CN1823171 A CN 1823171A
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solution
leaching
conversion step
copper
nickel
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CN100354437C (en
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S·埃尔玛拉
M·罗纳拉
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Metso Corp
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Outokumpu Engineering Oy
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
    • C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
    • C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
    • C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
    • C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
    • C22B15/0071—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
    • C22B15/0084—Treating solutions
    • C22B15/0089—Treating solutions by chemical methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
    • C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
    • C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
    • C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
    • C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
    • C22B3/46—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes by substitution, e.g. by cementation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for processing sulfide ores containing precious metals, such as copper ores containing nickel. According to the method, the ore or concentrate (1) containing the precious metals is leached (2), and the iron contained in the solution is neutralized in oxidizing conditions by means of a ferrous recirculation solution (6) recirculated to the leach. The solution (8) from the leaching step and at least part of the solution residue is conducted to a conversion step (5), where iron bearing sulfide (9) is fed for turning the copper contained in the conversion step to copper sulfide concentrate (10) containing the precious metals. The solution (6) obtained from the conversion step is partly recirculated to the preceding leaching step (2) and partly conducted to the further treatment (11) of the components contained in the solution.

Description

Processing contains the method for the sulfide ore of precious metal
The present invention relates to process the sulfide ore that contains precious metal, the method for for example nickeliferous copper mine stone.
The copper mine stone that contains at present nickel by flotation processing, so as directly and selectivity produce independently copper and mickel concentrate, perhaps produce nickel ore concentrate by suppressing (depress) bonded copper-nickel ore concentrate then.Be included in the precious metal in the raw material, for example gold, platinum separate in the further processing of copper and mickel subsequently with palladium.Almost without exception, copper-nickel separates and comprises the known substep that reduces the rate of recovery and increase cost, for example copper selected to increase copper content and to reduce nickel content repeatedly.Particularly if the content of copper and mickel is smaller with respect to precious metal, then precious metal usually directly imports in copper or the nickel matte from the bonded concentrate relevant with melting.
Developed some technologies, they are different from above-mentioned technology.Most typical is that this technology is based on being used in combination sulfuric acid (H by the technology of Lakefield exploitation 2SO 4) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) and autoclave conditions contain the concentrate of platinum-palladium-Jin-copper and mickel for direct lixiviate so that all valuable components should enter solution.The employed temperature of this technology is 210-230 ℃.Described condition is meant that for example the sulphur of all sulphided form is oxidized to vitriol.The commercial applications of this class technology for example is restricted because of following factors: the high oxidation electromotive force that needs during the lixiviate precious metal, sometimes described mineral exist intensive to be passivated tendency, solution-solids constituent from they tend to be adsorbed in the mineral waste, they tend to remain in the precipitation relevant with lixiviate and since the influence of residual non-sulfuric acid or corresponding sulphur compound cause by cementation (cement).Work as raw material, promptly platinum-palladium-copper-nickel ore concentrate is also usually poor and surpass 200 ℃ temperature range when expensive economically, and it is unactual that total extracting technology becomes for above-mentioned raw material.
The known technology of the 3rd class is representative with the auxiliary Wet-process metallurgy method of muriate described in the United States Patent (USP) 5902474.Although this method promptly mainly utilizes the process system of two step lixiviates (autoclave+atmospheric) and liquid-liquid extraction to mean recovery copper and zinc, it also considers the ask for something that precious metal sets in limited mode.
The purpose of the inventive method is to separate with copper-nickel to separate relevant with iron (copper+nickel), but especially with the recovery precious metal, for example platinum, palladium and golden relevant minimizing contain the ore of precious metal, the shortcoming of the described already known processes of for example nickeliferous copper mine stone, and reduce the shortcoming relevant with this technology cost.With selected be in initial each processing step, this method utilization is for example in the principle described in United States Patent (USP) 5108495 and 4561970, CONTROL PROCESS aspect the condition of being set by mineral is so that specific electromotive force, resistance value or content value controlled lixiviate step or step of converting to small part with mineral.Just because of this, this method even do not attempt the lixiviate precious metal.Be in the solution to obtain under the situation of precious metal, lixiviate last they for example with sulfide cementation in sediment.Listed principal character of the present invention in the appended claims.
In the method for the invention, the ore that contains precious metal to small part, with some other the material that may contain valuable constituent (nickel, cobalt, copper) in atmosphere lixiviate mode advantageously in 50-105 ℃ temperature range, lixiviate in vitriol or chloride-based lixiviate, perhaps lixiviate in based on these bonded lixiviate step.Also can in autoclave, carry out lixiviate.The result of lixiviate is to obtain the solution and the lixiviate residue of iron content, copper, nickel and cobalt and possibility part precious metal.But the precious metal retaining part that cupric sulfide and cupric sulfide comprised does not dissolve.This solution and to small part lixiviate residue is directed at least one step of converting, i.e. in the sulfidizing cementation precipitation.In conversion, in 90-200 ℃ temperature range, preferably in 150-190 ℃ temperature range, copper that this solution comprised and possible precious metal are contained the sulfide of iron, are advantageously contained the CuFeS of large portion precious metal and different sulfide as far as possible 2-(Ni, Fe, Co) 9S 8(Fe 1-xS) concentrate cementation optionally, is carried out electrochemistry according to the principle of definition in United States Patent (USP) 5108495 and 4561970 and is regulated.Employed sulfide material can be the material identical or different with the material that enters lixiviate in conversion.
The result who transforms is to obtain the Cu of rich copper xThe solution of S concentrate and nickeliferous, cobalt and iron.This solution (optionally, also can have the lixiviate residue from the Extra Section of lixiviate step in described solution) is directed in the recycling step of nickel and cobalt, for example produces nickel, perhaps it at least one step step of converting with iron sulphide, Fe for example 1-xS or FeS are precipitated as nickelous sulfide or cobaltous sulfide or these combination.Iron is removed as yellow potassium ferrovanadium precipitation or oxide precipitation.This method gives the pyrrhotite Fe that effective processing contains nickel and cobalt 1-xThe possibility of S.The rich copper Cu that contains precious metal xThe S concentrate further imports in the production stage of copper, and relevant with the production of described copper is to reclaim precious metal.
According to this method, advantageously control the processing of mixed copper-nickel raw material.This is owing to the following fact causes: in the method, if required selected step before the lixiviate step, then when not needing when suppressing copper ore concentrates and come separating nickel, the recovery of copper and mickel significantly increases.Confers similar advantages also with the sulfide, particularly pyrrhotite (Fe of iron 1-xS) relevant.Owing to be included in other precipitated phase and impurity in the pyrrhotite, therefore if for example suppress pyrrhotite in flotation, just as in the technology chain of routine, for example with respect to copper, platinum and palladium, the recovery of iron sulphide ore descends fully.Optionally, in lixiviate, utilize all pyrrhotite to cause many iron oxide precipitations and elementary sulfur really together as product from lixiviate.By using various known methods, comprising different steps, but iron oxide precipitation and elementary sulfur former state are processed into harmless form.
According to the present invention, for pending material, in selected, advantageously only silicate separates just enough from valuable component.In general still suitable is, generates gravity concentration separately, because in pulverizing, the part mineral in platinum-palladium group are still coarse and for these heavys and coarse mineral, and floatation recovery is low.Adopt the iron sulphide Fe that is rich in nickel and cobalt at least most with pending in conjunction with concentrate 1-xS.
Compare with the copper melting technology of routine, an advantage of the inventive method is for example can be controlled at high nickel content in the copper ore concentrates technically, and meanwhile advantageously reclaim precious metal and copper ore concentrates together.As product from the inventive method, obtain to have the sulfidic materials of high copper content, this raw material can for example be added into the flash distillation smelting furnace, produce in the stove or hydrometallurgical processes of blister copper.As another product, obtain for example to contain the sulfate liquor of nickel, but its treated as such as sulfide, oxyhydroxide or corresponding salt form precipitation, can join then in the existing nickel production technique perhaps from the inventive method.
Various lixiviate replacement scheme can be used in the method for the present invention: lixiviate can be for example based on vitriol lixiviate, muriate lixiviate or these combination.If solution contains for example relatively large muriate, after then under the cathode potential of electricity or chemical process generation, filtering, the cupric sulfide product (Cu that washing obtains from this technology xS), in the case, rich Cu xThe product of S enters melting.This scheme can be used on other this product of the inventive method, and described other this product will join in other hydrometallurgical processes.Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the lixiviate residue that wherein contains precious metal is directed to the scheme in the production stage of nickel.In the case, be included in nickel in the circulate soln in the nickel technology according to following reaction (1), with iron sulphide, Fe for example 1-xS or FeS transform:
(1)
In the case, poor platinum of gained nickelous sulfide and palladium, perhaps it can contain the lixiviate residue of rich platinum, palladium and gold.When in this method, nickel and cobalt the two when mainly being included in the solution, optionally, can be for example by liquid-liquid extraction or with ozone by with Compound C oOOH form selective precipitation cobalt, cobalt is isolated from nickel.
To describe the present invention in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein accompanying drawing is the explanation flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, based on cupric sulfide and contain nickel and the part ore of precious metal or concentrate 1 are directed in the lixiviate step 2, also add the gas 3 that contains oxygen and sulfuric acid 4 part material as the inventive method at this.After lixiviate step 2, import in the step of converting 5 followed by part material with the inventive method.Advantageously, join material 9 in the step of converting 5 be with join lixiviate step 2 in identical ore or concentrate 1.At least the part of sulfuric acid salts solution 6 that also will obtain and contain nickel from step of converting 5 imports in the lixiviate step.
In lixiviate step 2, lixiviate and neutralization contain the copper sulfide based ore or the concentrate 1 of nickel and precious metal, so that in lixiviate 2, obtain iron to precipitate 7 forms.The solution 8 that obtains from lixiviate 2 imports in the step of converting 5 with undissolved part, and with the sulfide material 9 that joins in the step of converting 5, copper becomes again to containing the sulphided form of precious metal at this.The cupric sulfide 10 that contains precious metal is removed from step of converting 5, and is guided for further processing.Part of sulfuric acid salts solution 6 from step of converting 5 turns back in the lixiviate step 2, and part of sulfuric acid salts solution 6 advantageously for example imports in the new step of converting 11, this add iron sulphide 12 for nickel and possibly cobalt become the product 13 of sulfur compound, the product 13 of described sulfur compound can be further processed, and for example produces pure nickel.In conjunction with the solution that from step of converting 11, obtains with the solution 6 that from step of converting 5, obtains and turn back in the lixiviate step 2.
Embodiment
Method of the present invention is used for copper-nickel sulfide ore, and described copper-nickel sulfide ore contains the platinum of the palladium of the sulphur of nickel, 30.wt% of copper, the 2.6wt% of 14.7wt% and 138ppm and 39ppm as concentrate.The concentrate of total amount 230t is added in the lixiviate step.Under 80 ℃ temperature, carry out lixiviate in atmosphere lixiviate mode.The 95t solid and the copper content that obtain to enter into step of converting from the lixiviate step are that 32t and nickel content are the solution of 6t.With quantity is the chalcopyrite concentrate (CuFeS of 16t 2) join and make copper become sulphided form in the step of converting.With conversion, obtain 50t Cu xThe S concentrate, it contains precious metal, the nickel of 9kg platinum and 32kg palladium and 0.1t.All the other nickel are included in the solution, its part are turned back in the lixiviate step and part imports in the new step of converting recovery for nickel.Therefore, the ore that contains the nickel of many sulphided form is at first contained the concentrate of many copper by selected one-tenth, and described concentrate can be used as the raw material in the further refining of copper.

Claims (15)

1.一种加工含贵金属的硫化物矿石，例如含镍的铜矿石的方法，其特征在于，浸提(2)含有贵金属的矿石或精矿(1)，和包含在该溶液内的铁藉助循环到浸提步骤中的亚铁循环溶液(6)在氧化条件下中和，和特征在于来自浸提步骤的溶液(8)和至少部分溶液残渣被导入到转化步骤(5)中，在此加入含有铁的硫化物(9)使包含在转化步骤内的铜变为含贵金属的硫化铜精矿(10)，和从转化步骤获得的溶液(6)部分循环到在前的浸提步骤(2)中并部分导入到包含在溶液内的组分的进一步处理(11)中。1. A method of processing precious metal-containing sulfide ores, such as nickel-containing copper ores, characterized in that the ore or concentrate (1) containing precious metals is leached (2) and the iron contained in the solution Neutralization under oxidative conditions by means of the circulating ferrous solution (6) recycled to the leaching step, and characterized in that the solution (8) from the leaching step and at least part of the solution residue is introduced into the conversion step (5), in This addition of iron-containing sulphides (9) turns the copper contained in the conversion step into precious metal-bearing copper sulphide concentrate (10), and the solution (6) obtained from the conversion step is partially recycled to the preceding leaching step (2) and partly introduced into the further processing (11) of the components contained in solution. 2.权利要求1的方法，其特征在于在浸提(2)中使用硫酸盐基溶剂。2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a sulfate-based solvent is used in the leaching (2). 3.权利要求1的方法，其特征在于在浸提(2)中使用氯化物基溶剂。3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a chloride-based solvent is used in the leaching (2). 4.权利要求1的方法，其特征在于在浸提(2)中使用硫酸盐基和氯化物基溶剂的结合。4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a combination of sulfate-based and chloride-based solvents is used in the leaching (2). 5.前述任何一项权利要求的方法，其特征在于在50-105℃的温度下，以大气浸提方式进行浸提(2)。5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaching (2) is carried out as atmospheric leaching at a temperature of 50-105°C. 6.前述权利要求1-4任何一项的方法，其特征在于以高压釜浸提方式进行浸提(2)。6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1-4, characterized in that the leaching (2) is carried out as an autoclave leaching. 7.前述任何一项权利要求的方法，其特征在于在90-200℃的温度下进行转化步骤(5)。7. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conversion step (5) is carried out at a temperature of 90-200°C. 8.权利要求7的方法，其特征在于在150-190℃的温度下进行转化步骤(5)。8. Process according to claim 7, characterized in that the conversion step (5) is carried out at a temperature of 150-190°C. 9.前述任何一项权利要求的方法，其特征在于部分从转化步骤(5)获得的溶液(6)被导入到至少一个进一步的转化步骤(11)中，使包含在溶液内的组分在含有铁的硫化物存在下变为硫化物形式。9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that part of the solution (6) obtained from the conversion step (5) is introduced into at least one further conversion step (11) such that the components contained in the solution are Changes to the sulfide form in the presence of iron-containing sulfides. 10.前述任何一项权利要求的方法，其特征在于部分从转化步骤(5)获得的溶液(6)被导入到新的进一步的转化步骤中，其中进行所述进一步的转化步骤使镍硫化。10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that part of the solution (6) obtained from the conversion step (5) is led to a new further conversion step, wherein said further conversion step is carried out to sulphide the nickel. 11.前述权利要求1-9任何一项的方法，其特征在于部分从转化步骤(5)获得的溶液(6)被导入到新的进一步的转化步骤中，其中进行所述进一步的转化步骤使钴硫化。11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1-9, characterized in that part of the solution (6) obtained from the conversion step (5) is introduced into a new further conversion step, wherein said further conversion step is carried out such that cobalt sulfide. 12.前述任何一项权利要求的方法，其特征在于在转化(5)中所使用的硫化物材料与进入浸提步骤的材料是相同的材料。12. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sulphide material used in the conversion (5) is the same material that enters the leaching step. 13.前述权利要求1-11任何一项的方法，其特征在于在转化(5)中所使用的硫化物材料与进入浸提步骤的材料是不同的材料。13. Process according to any one of the preceding claims 1-11, characterized in that the sulphide material used in the conversion (5) is a different material than the material entering the leaching step. 14.前述任何一项权利要求的方法，其特征在于至少部分含有贵金属的浸提步骤的浸提残渣(13)被导入到进一步的转化步骤中，其中进行所述进一步的转化步骤使镍硫化。14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaching residue (13) of the leaching step containing at least part of the noble metal is conducted to a further conversion step, wherein said further conversion step is carried out to sulphide the nickel. 15.前述任何一项权利要求的方法，其特征在于至少部分藉助矿物特定的电势、阻抗值或含量值控制浸提步骤(2)和转化步骤(5)。15. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaching step (2) and the conversion step (5) are controlled at least partly by means of mineral specific potential, impedance values or content values.
CNB2004800203212A 2003-07-17 2004-07-14 Method for processing sulfide ores containing precious metals Expired - Fee Related CN100354437C (en)

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FI20031084A FI116683B (en) 2003-07-17 2003-07-17 Process for the treatment of sulphide ores containing precious metals

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RU2749310C2 (en) * 2019-09-05 2021-06-08 Акционерное общество "Иркутский научно-исследовательский институт благородных и редких металлов и алмазов" АО "Иргиредмет" Method for pocessing sulphide gold and copper float concentrate

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CN100354437C (en) 2007-12-12
BRPI0412693A (en) 2006-10-03
FI20031084L (en) 2005-01-18
FI116683B (en) 2006-01-31
CA2530355A1 (en) 2005-01-27
EA009453B1 (en) 2007-12-28
FI20031084A0 (en) 2003-07-17
BRPI0412693B1 (en) 2012-10-02
TR200600099T2 (en) 2006-07-21
CA2530355C (en) 2013-04-09
WO2005007901A1 (en) 2005-01-27
AU2004257844A1 (en) 2005-01-27
EA200501909A1 (en) 2006-08-25

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