CN1822548A - Distributed traffic management method based on peer-to-peer network - Google Patents
Distributed traffic management method based on peer-to-peer network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明是一种用于实现对网络流量进行管理与控制的方法,采用对等网络实现对网络流量的管理与控制,涉及对等网络架构的应用,属于网络流量管理的The present invention is a method for realizing the management and control of network traffic, adopts peer-to-peer network to realize the management and control of network traffic, relates to the application of peer-to-peer network architecture, and belongs to the field of network traffic management
技术领域。technology field.
背景技术Background technique
随着目前网络技术的不断发展,网络新业务层出不穷,其中P2P(peer-to-peer)网络共享业务和流媒体等业务尤为突出。网络新业务的出现给传统的Internet应用带来了巨大的冲击,给网络运维管理带来了挑战。特别是P2P网络模式本身带宽抢占的特点,给网络资源管理带来了巨大挑战。据统计,目前国内外P2P流量占总网络流量的60%以上,严重影响了某些正常业务的运行,造成网络带宽资源的浪费。因此,随着网络新业务的出现,网络流量识别与管理技术的研究以及网络流量管理系统的设计成了目前的研究热点。With the continuous development of current network technology, new network services emerge in an endless stream, among which P2P (peer-to-peer) network sharing services and streaming media services are particularly prominent. The emergence of new network services has brought a huge impact on traditional Internet applications and brought challenges to network operation and maintenance management. In particular, the bandwidth preemption characteristic of the P2P network mode brings great challenges to network resource management. According to statistics, at present, domestic and foreign P2P traffic accounts for more than 60% of the total network traffic, which seriously affects the operation of some normal services and causes a waste of network bandwidth resources. Therefore, with the emergence of new network services, the research on network traffic identification and management technology and the design of network traffic management system have become the current research hotspots.
P2P网络技术的研究与发展,推动了P2P技术的广泛应用,包括传统的文件共享、基于P2P的SIP协议的研究、利用P2P实现IP电话、基于P2P的分布式数据库系统的研究等。The research and development of P2P network technology has promoted the wide application of P2P technology, including traditional file sharing, the research of P2P-based SIP protocol, the use of P2P to realize IP telephony, and the research of P2P-based distributed database system.
目前对流量识别与管理的大多数系统大都是将流量管理设备集中串接部署在网络出口,对流经设备的数据实现业务识别并根据不同的流量管理策略对数据进行分流、限速、丢弃等。类似的部分流管设备采用分布式架构,但所谓的分布式架构只不过是将多个流管设备部署在网络的多个内部主干分支,对每个分支实现流量管理。At present, most systems for traffic identification and management deploy traffic management devices centrally and serially at the network egress, realize service identification for data flowing through the devices, and divide, rate limit, and discard data according to different traffic management strategies. Some similar flow pipe devices adopt a distributed architecture, but the so-called distributed architecture is nothing more than deploying multiple flow pipe devices on multiple internal backbone branches of the network to implement traffic management for each branch.
现有技术中,主要采用集中的流量管理设备,将其部署在网络骨干分支或网络出口实现对流经的数据管理与控制。现有技术的缺点为:In the prior art, a centralized traffic management device is mainly used, which is deployed at a network backbone branch or a network egress to manage and control data flowing through it. The disadvantages of the prior art are:
1)很难实现准确的流量识别。现有技术网络支干或出口对流经的数据进行识别,只能根据数据特征进行识别,但随着网络新业务的发展,网络流量识别技术越来越复杂,很难仅仅根据数据特征实现准确的流量识别。1) It is difficult to achieve accurate traffic identification. In the existing technology, network branches or outlets can only identify the passing data according to the characteristics of the data. However, with the development of new network services, the network traffic identification technology is becoming more and more complex, and it is difficult to achieve accurate identification only based on the characteristics of the data. traffic identification.
2)流量管理设备负载重、成本高。对于部署在网络支干或网络出口的流量管理设备来说,该网内的所有出入数据都要流经该设备,通过识别策略进行识别,并经控制策略进行控制,因此对设备来说负载较重,性能要求也较高,从而随着设备所允许的最大流量增大,设备成本也会剧增。2) The traffic management equipment has heavy load and high cost. For the traffic management device deployed on the network backbone or network exit, all incoming and outgoing data in the network must flow through the device, be identified by the identification strategy, and be controlled by the control strategy, so the load on the device is heavy Heavy and high performance requirements, so as the maximum flow allowed by the equipment increases, the cost of the equipment will also increase dramatically.
3)不能实现网内流量管理。部署在网络出口或网络支干的设备只能对流经的数据进行流量管理,因此不能够实现网内流量管理。这样虽然可以在网络出口实现网络流量的管理与控制,但是不能实现网内用户间数据传输的管理与控制。3) Intra-network traffic management cannot be realized. Devices deployed at the network egress or network backbone can only manage the traffic flow of the passing data, so they cannot implement intra-network traffic management. In this way, although the management and control of network traffic can be realized at the network egress, the management and control of data transmission between users in the network cannot be realized.
发明内容Contents of the invention
技术问题:本发明的目的是提出一种基于对等网络的分布式流量管理方法,即采用目前流行的P2P技术实现分布式网络流量管理的方法,并采用反馈机制,有效实现网络流量的识别与管理,尤其是对流媒体业务和P2P等网络新业务的有效识别与管理。Technical problem: the purpose of this invention is to propose a distributed traffic management method based on peer-to-peer network, that is, to adopt the current popular P2P technology to realize the method of distributed network traffic management, and to adopt the feedback mechanism to effectively realize the identification and management of network traffic. Management, especially the effective identification and management of new network services such as streaming media services and P2P.
技术方案:本发明提出了采用P2P原理实现分布式流量管理的方法,其中介绍了该方法的整体架构及实现原理,提出了基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法包含的各功能实体,并介绍了各功能实体的交互机制,尤其是反馈机制在该方法中的应用。方法采用第三代P2P架构,即混合P2P实现,类似于第三代P2P系统如Skype、BT等,该方法包括普通节点、超级节点和特殊服务器三类功能实体,不同实体具有不同配置,在方法中实现不同的功能;方法中的普通节点和超级节点都是普通网络用户,以入网通行证的身份,在普通网络用户的计算机上安装对应的功能软体,软体根据用户计算机配置不同决定是实现用户节点还是超级节点的功能;方法中的特殊服务器是网络中配置的一个或多个具有不同功能的服务器,包括流量管理策略服务器、网络信息服务器等。此外,该方法采用反馈机制,根据网络负载状况不同,流量管理策略也有所不同。Technical solution: The present invention proposes a method for implementing distributed traffic management using the P2P principle, which introduces the overall structure and implementation principle of the method, proposes each functional entity included in the distributed traffic management method based on P2P, and introduces each The interaction mechanism of functional entities, especially the feedback mechanism is applied in this method. The method adopts the third-generation P2P architecture, that is, hybrid P2P implementation, which is similar to the third-generation P2P systems such as Skype, BT, etc. This method includes three types of functional entities: ordinary nodes, super nodes and special servers. Different entities have different configurations. In the method In the method, ordinary nodes and super nodes are both ordinary network users. As a network access pass, the corresponding functional software is installed on the computers of ordinary network users. The software is determined according to the configuration of the user's computer. It is also the function of a super node; the special server in the method is one or more servers with different functions configured in the network, including a traffic management policy server, a network information server, and the like. In addition, the method adopts a feedback mechanism, and traffic management strategies are different according to different network load conditions.
以下分别介绍基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法的整体架构及工作原理、各功能实体及实体的交互。The following introduces the overall architecture and working principle of the P2P-based distributed traffic management method, each functional entity and the interaction of the entities.
首先介绍基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法的整体架构及工作原理。Firstly, the overall architecture and working principle of the P2P-based distributed traffic management method are introduced.
方法采用第三代混合P2P网络架构,具有类似于Skype的功能实体,具有三层功能结构,从下至上依次是普通节点层、超级节点层和服务器层,依次对应三类功能实体。The method adopts the third-generation hybrid P2P network architecture, which has a functional entity similar to Skype, and has a three-layer functional structure. From bottom to top, there are ordinary node layer, super node layer and server layer, which correspond to three types of functional entities.
所有网内用户进行网络访问,都必须以入网身份证的身份,安装具有本地流量识别与管理功能的软体,即网内各用户如需上网,必须首先安装该软体,类似于Dr.COM宽带登录客户端,并且根据用户计算机性能的不同,软体自动决定该用户属于普通节点还是超级节点。对于普通节点和超级节点,该软体均具有基本的网络接入、流量识别、流量管理等功能,不同的是,超级节点具有对所管辖普通节点提供由总策略服务器获得的流量管理策略、汇总网络信息并向信息服务器提交等特殊功能。All users in the network must install software with local traffic identification and management functions with the identity of the network ID card to access the network. That is, if each user in the network needs to access the Internet, he must first install the software, similar to Dr.COM broadband login Client, and according to the performance of the user's computer, the software automatically determines whether the user belongs to a normal node or a super node. For ordinary nodes and super nodes, the software has basic functions such as network access, traffic identification, and traffic management. information and submit it to the information server and other special functions.
为了能够为普通节点和超级节点提供有效的管理,方法中包含多个特殊服务器,这些服务器不像传统流量管理设备那样实现对网络流量的管理,也不是网络数据的出口,它们只是用来管理普通节点和超级节点,并为超级节点或其它服务器提供必要的信息,如目录服务器为其它特殊服务器提供超级节点列表信息、策略服务器为超级节点提供流量管理策略、信息服务器汇总超级节点提供的网络负载等信息并提交给策略服务器。In order to provide effective management for ordinary nodes and super nodes, the method contains a number of special servers. These servers do not manage network traffic like traditional traffic management equipment, nor are they the outlet of network data. They are only used to manage common Nodes and super nodes, and provide necessary information for super nodes or other servers, such as directory server provides super node list information for other special servers, policy server provides traffic management policies for super nodes, information server summarizes network load provided by super nodes, etc. information and submit it to the policy server.
下面详细介绍方法中包含的功能实体及实体交互。The functional entities and entity interactions contained in the method are introduced in detail below.
1、普通节点:1. Ordinary nodes:
普通节点是安装了客户端软体但计算机性能相对较差的网络用户,它具有客户端软体最基本的功能,具体工作过程包括:Ordinary nodes are network users who have installed client software but have relatively poor computer performance. It has the most basic functions of client software. The specific working process includes:
1)本地访问网络的用户认证,只有利用该客户端进行用户信息认证才允许用户具有访问网络的权限,新加入的客户端连接认证服务器进行用户认证,之后认证服务器将用户信息传达给该普通节点所属的超级节点,由超级节点进行管理;1) User authentication for local access to the network. Only by using the client for user information authentication can the user have access to the network. The newly added client connects to the authentication server for user authentication, and then the authentication server communicates the user information to the common node The super node to which it belongs is managed by the super node;
2)获得网络访问用户认证之后,由目录服务器获得本地可访问的超级节点列表信息,并建立与超级节点的连接;2) After obtaining the network access user authentication, the directory server obtains the locally accessible supernode list information, and establishes a connection with the supernode;
3)获得本地所有活动进程的网络访问及数据传输状况,并将本地网络传输状况递交给超级节点;3) Obtain the network access and data transmission status of all local active processes, and submit the local network transmission status to the super node;
4)根据超级节点传达的流量管理策略对本地所有进程的网络访问及数据传输进行有效的管理与控制,实现流量整形。4) Effectively manage and control the network access and data transmission of all local processes according to the traffic management strategy conveyed by the super node, and realize traffic shaping.
2、超级节点:超级节点是安装了客户端软件且计算机性能相对较好的网络用户。它除了具有普通节点客户端的基本功能之外,还具有管理普通节点、传达子域内网络传输信息、以及传达流量管理策略等功能,从而最终达到减缓中心特殊服务器负载的目的。2. Super nodes: Super nodes are network users who have installed client software and have relatively good computer performance. In addition to the basic functions of ordinary node clients, it also has the functions of managing ordinary nodes, communicating network transmission information in sub-domains, and communicating traffic management policies, so as to finally achieve the purpose of slowing down the load of special servers in the center.
与普通节点相比,超级节点具有如下特点;Compared with ordinary nodes, super nodes have the following characteristics;
1)访问网络的用户认证直接连接认证服务器进行,新加入的超级节点信息由认证服务器将该超级节点信息传达给目录服务器;1) User authentication for accessing the network is directly connected to the authentication server, and the newly added super node information is communicated to the directory server by the authentication server;
2)在目录服务器将该超级节点信息传达给新加入的普通子节点的同时,将该子节点基本信息传达给该超级节点;2) When the directory server communicates the super node information to the newly added common child node, it transmits the basic information of the child node to the super node;
3)汇总各普通节点的传输信息,将所辖域内的网络传输信息传达给信息服务器;3) Summarize the transmission information of each common node, and convey the network transmission information within the jurisdiction to the information server;
4)由策略服务器获得流量管理策略,传达给所辖域内请求策略的普通节点。4) The traffic management policy is obtained by the policy server, and communicated to the common nodes in the domain requesting the policy.
3、特殊服务器:3. Special server:
特殊服务器是网络内的特殊实体,类似于Skype当中的登录服务器和事件服务器。根据实际需求,该方法设计的特殊服务器包括认证服务器、目录服务器、策略服务器、信息服务器总共四个特殊服务器,具体功能如下:Special servers are special entities within the network, similar to login servers and event servers in Skype. According to actual needs, the special server designed by this method includes a total of four special servers: authentication server, directory server, policy server, and information server. The specific functions are as follows:
1)认证服务器:1) Authentication server:
实现客户端用户访问网络权限认证的功能,服务器上存储所有客户端的用户认证信息,具有实现新用户的注册、密码修改等功能。具体信息交互包括:接收新加入节点的注册信息、接收所有客户端的密码修改信息、传达新加入节点信息给目录服务器等。Realize the function of client user access network authority authentication, store all client user authentication information on the server, and have functions such as new user registration and password modification. The specific information interaction includes: receiving the registration information of the newly added node, receiving the password modification information of all clients, and conveying the information of the newly added node to the directory server, etc.
2)目录服务器:2) Directory server:
目录服务器保存所有超级节点信息,能够为新加入普通节点分配所属的超级节点列表,能够将请求超级节点的普通节点信息传达给对应分配的超级节点,并将所有超级节点信息列表传达给策略服务器和信息服务器,从而便于策略服务器分配策略以及信息服务器汇总网络传输信息。The directory server saves all super node information, can assign the list of super nodes to newly added ordinary nodes, can communicate the ordinary node information of the requested super node to the corresponding assigned super node, and communicate the list of all super node information to the policy server and The information server facilitates the policy server to distribute policies and the information server to summarize network transmission information.
3)策略服务器:3) Policy server:
策略服务器根据信息服务器所获得的网络总体传输状况,包括网络各部分内部的负载状况,制定针对不同策略请求点的基于负载反馈的流量管理与控制策略,并将策略传达给请求策略的超级节点,进而由超级节点传达给请求策略的普通节点。According to the overall transmission status of the network obtained by the information server, including the load status of each part of the network, the policy server formulates traffic management and control policies based on load feedback for different policy request points, and communicates the policy to the super node requesting the policy. In turn, the super node communicates to the ordinary node requesting the policy.
4)信息服务器:4) Information server:
信息服务器的主要功能是接收超级节点传达的网络传输信息,将各超级节点所辖域内所有网络传输信息进行汇总分析,并进行统计,将网络传输信息的统计结果传递给策略服务器,便于策略服务器根据网络当前的负载状况,制定基于负载反馈的流量管理策略,从而可以使各客户端根据当前网络传输状况的不同,对本地进程访问网络进行不同的权限分配以及流量整形,最终达到网络资源充分合理利用的目的。The main function of the information server is to receive the network transmission information conveyed by the super nodes, summarize and analyze all the network transmission information within the jurisdiction of each super node, and make statistics, and pass the statistical results of the network transmission information to the policy server, so that the policy server can follow the According to the current load status of the network, a traffic management strategy based on load feedback can be formulated, so that each client can assign different permissions and traffic shaping to the local process access network according to the current network transmission status, and finally achieve full and reasonable use of network resources the goal of.
本发明的基于对等网络的分布式流量管理方法采用第三代对等网络架构,即采用对等网络原理在每个网络用户端实现分布式网络流量识别与管理;该方法功能实体包括普通节点、超级节点和认证服务器、目录服务器、策略服务器和信息服务器;此外,该方法采用反馈机制,根据网络负载状况制定流量管理策略,具体流量管理方法为:The distributed traffic management method based on the peer-to-peer network of the present invention adopts the third-generation peer-to-peer network architecture, that is, adopts the peer-to-peer network principle to realize distributed network traffic identification and management at each network client; the method functional entities include common nodes , super node and authentication server, directory server, policy server and information server; in addition, this method uses a feedback mechanism to formulate a traffic management strategy according to the network load status. The specific traffic management method is as follows:
1)网内用户安装客户端软体,生成特殊服务器列表,安装后首次运行时判断本地计算机配置状况,从而确定是普通节点还是超级节点;1) Users in the network install the client software, generate a list of special servers, and judge the configuration status of the local computer when running for the first time after installation, so as to determine whether it is a normal node or a super node;
2)客户端软体运行,将本地基本信息及新用户注册信息传达给认证服务器,如果是普通节点,由目录服务器获得所属超级节点列表,并由目录服务器将该普通节点信息传达给所属的超级节点,最终建立与超级节点的连接;如果是超级节点,由认证服务器将该超级节点信息传达给目录服务器更新超级节点列表;2) The client software runs and communicates local basic information and new user registration information to the authentication server. If it is a common node, the directory server obtains the list of super nodes it belongs to, and the directory server communicates the common node information to the super node it belongs to. , and finally establish a connection with the super node; if it is a super node, the authentication server will communicate the super node information to the directory server to update the super node list;
3)普通节点有网络访问及数据传输行为时,将本地网络状况报告给超级节点,并通过超级节点获得流量管理策略;3) When ordinary nodes have network access and data transmission behaviors, they report the local network status to super nodes, and obtain traffic management policies through super nodes;
4)超级节点将所辖普通节点的网络传输信息传达给信息服务器,由信息服务器反馈给策略服务器,策略服务器将流量管理策略传达给超级节点并由超级节点传达给请求策略的普通节点;4) The super node communicates the network transmission information of the ordinary nodes under its jurisdiction to the information server, and the information server feeds back to the policy server, and the policy server communicates the traffic management policy to the super node, and the super node communicates it to the ordinary node requesting the policy;
5)认证服务器及时更新网络所有用户的认证信息,并不断与目录服务器进行信息交互,更新目录服务器所存储的超级节点列表信息;5) The authentication server updates the authentication information of all users on the network in a timely manner, and constantly exchanges information with the directory server to update the super node list information stored in the directory server;
6)信息服务器及时接收各超级节点传达的网络传输信息,并将网络传输状况反馈给策略服务器,从而制定具有反馈机制的流量管理策略,保证策略制定的合理性,充分合理地利用网络资源。6) The information server receives the network transmission information conveyed by each super node in a timely manner, and feeds back the network transmission status to the policy server, so as to formulate a traffic management policy with a feedback mechanism, ensure the rationality of policy formulation, and fully and rationally use network resources.
实现该方法的整体架构为:The overall architecture to implement this method is:
1)采用第三代混合P2P网络架构,具有类似于Skype的功能实体;1) Adopt the third-generation hybrid P2P network architecture, with a functional entity similar to Skype;
2)具有三层功能结构,从下至上依次是普通节点层、超级节点层和服务器层,依次对应三类功能实体;2) It has a three-layer functional structure, which is the ordinary node layer, super node layer and server layer from bottom to top, corresponding to three types of functional entities in turn;
3)通过所有网内用户进行网络访问必须以入网身份证的身份,安装具有本地流量识别与管理功能的软体实现;3) Network access through all network users must be realized by installing software with local traffic identification and management functions as a network access ID card;
4)采用反馈机制,根据网络总体传输状态制定流量管理策略。4) Adopt a feedback mechanism to formulate traffic management strategies according to the overall transmission status of the network.
普通节点和超级节点所安装的客户端软体的执行过程为:The execution process of the client software installed by ordinary nodes and super nodes is:
1)客户端软体运行首先判断是否首次运行,如果是则检查本地计算机配置状况,判断用户是否能够成为超级节点,1) The client software runs first to determine whether it is running for the first time, and if so, checks the configuration status of the local computer to determine whether the user can become a super node,
a.如果符合超级节点,则向认证服务器注册超级节点,并由认证服务器通知目录服务器更新超级节点列表,之后与超级节点非首次运行执行过程相同;a. If it meets the super node, register the super node with the authentication server, and the authentication server will notify the directory server to update the list of super nodes, and then perform the same process as the non-first run of the super node;
b.如果不符合超级节点,则向认证服务器注册普通节点,并连接目录服务器获得最近超级节点列表,之后与普通节点非首次运行执行过程相同;b. If it does not qualify as a super node, register a normal node with the authentication server, and connect to the directory server to obtain a list of the nearest super nodes, and then perform the same process as the normal node for non-first run;
2)客户端软体非首次运行,若为普通节点,则:2) If the client software is not running for the first time, if it is a normal node, then:
c.探测超级节点列表并与某超级节点建立连接;c. Detect the super node list and establish a connection with a certain super node;
d.通过超级节点的用户认证,并获得网络访问权限;d. Pass the user authentication of the super node and obtain network access rights;
e.监测本地当前网络传输状况并向超级节点汇报;e. Monitor the current local network transmission status and report to the super node;
f.接收超级节点传递的策略信息实现本地流量管理与控制;f. Receive policy information delivered by super nodes to realize local traffic management and control;
3)客户端软体非首次运行,若为超级节点,则:3) If the client software is not running for the first time, if it is a super node, then:
g.通过认证服务器的用户认证,并获得网络访问权限;g. Pass the user authentication of the authentication server and obtain network access rights;
h.侦听并接收普通节点的连接;h. Listen to and receive connections from common nodes;
i.监测本地网络传输状况,接收并汇总所辖域网络传输状况,向信息服务器汇报;i. Monitor the transmission status of the local network, receive and summarize the transmission status of the network under its jurisdiction, and report to the information server;
j.接收策略服务器分析得出的所辖域内节点的流量管理策略,并将策略分发给普通节点;j. Receive the traffic management policy of the nodes within the jurisdiction analyzed by the policy server, and distribute the policy to common nodes;
k.根据接收的本地流量管理策略实现本地流量管理。k. Realize local traffic management according to the received local traffic management policy.
功能实体中认证服务器实现客户端用户访问网络权限认证的功能,服务器上存储所有客户端的用户认证信息,实现新用户的注册、密码修改;具体信息交互包括:接收新加入节点的注册信息、接收所有客户端的密码修改信息、传达新加入节点信息给目录服务器。The authentication server in the functional entity implements the function of client user access network authority authentication. The server stores user authentication information of all clients to realize new user registration and password modification; specific information interaction includes: receiving registration information of newly added nodes, receiving all The password modification information of the client, conveys the newly joined node information to the directory server.
功能实体中目录服务器保存所有超级节点信息,为新加入普通节点分配所属的超级节点列表,将请求超级节点的普通节点信息传达给对应分配的超级节点,并将所有超级节点信息列表传达给策略服务器和信息服务器,从而便于策略服务器分配策略以及信息服务器汇总网络传输信息。The directory server in the functional entity saves all super node information, allocates the list of super nodes for newly added ordinary nodes, communicates the ordinary node information of the requested super node to the corresponding assigned super node, and communicates the list of all super node information to the policy server and information servers, so that policy servers can distribute policies and information servers can summarize network transmission information.
功能实体中策略服务器根据信息服务器所获得的网络总体传输状况,包括网络各部分内部的负载状况,制定针对不同策略请求点的基于负载反馈的流量管理与控制策略,并将策略传达给请求策略的超级节点,进而由超级节点传达给请求策略的普通节点。The policy server in the functional entity formulates traffic management and control policies based on load feedback for different policy request points according to the overall network transmission status obtained by the information server, including the load status of each part of the network, and communicates the policy to the requesting policy. The super node, in turn, is communicated by the super node to the ordinary node requesting the policy.
信息服务器接收超级节点传达的网络传输信息,将各超级节点所辖域内所有网络传输信息进行汇总分析,并进行统计,将网络传输信息的统计结果传递给策略服务器,便于策略服务器根据网络当前的负载状况,制定基于负载反馈的流量管理策略。The information server receives the network transmission information conveyed by the super nodes, summarizes and analyzes all the network transmission information in the jurisdiction of each super node, and makes statistics, and transmits the statistical results of the network transmission information to the policy server, so that the policy server can base on the current load of the network State, formulate a traffic management strategy based on load feedback.
有益效果:该流量管理方法的优点在于:Beneficial effect: the advantages of the flow management method are:
1、流量识别高效准确1. Efficient and accurate traffic identification
由于该方法在网内所有用户计算机都安装有对应的客户端软体,通过该软体实现本地流量识别与管理,可以准确地按本地进程识别,相对在网络出口设备通过流经的数据特征进行流量识别可行性高,且识别准确高效。Because this method has corresponding client software installed on all user computers in the network, local traffic identification and management can be realized through this software, which can be accurately identified according to the local process, and traffic identification can be carried out on the network egress device through the characteristics of the data flowing through it. The feasibility is high, and the identification is accurate and efficient.
2、降低了流量管理设备负载和成本2. Reduce the load and cost of traffic management equipment
该方法包括客户端软体和特殊服务器两大部分,对于客户端软体只要以入网通行证的身份安装在网络用户计算机上就可以了,不需要进行任何特殊配置;对于特殊服务器,只要按需求在网内配置一台或多台同样功能的服务器即可,由于超级节点弱化了服务器的功能,降低了服务器负载,且不像传统流管设备那样需要承受所有网络流量,因此对特殊服务器配置也无太高要求,从而整体来说大大降低了流量管理的成本。The method includes two parts: client software and special server. As for the client software, it only needs to be installed on the computer of the network user as the identity of the network access pass, without any special configuration; It is enough to configure one or more servers with the same function. Since the super node weakens the function of the server and reduces the server load, and does not need to bear all the network traffic like traditional flow pipe equipment, it is not too high for special server configuration. Requirements, thus greatly reducing the cost of traffic management as a whole.
3、能够实现网内流量管理3. Able to realize network traffic management
该方法的流量识别与管理不是通过在网络出口或支干部署流量管理设备实现,而是通过网内每个用户上的客户端软体实现,网内所有用户都能够对本地的网络访问及数据传输进行有效的流量管理与控制,从而可以有效实现网内用户之间的流量管理与控制。The traffic identification and management of this method is not realized by deploying traffic management equipment at the network exit or branch, but by the client software on each user in the network. All users in the network can access the local network and transmit data. Carry out effective traffic management and control, so that the traffic management and control between users in the network can be effectively realized.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法的拓扑图。图中给出了本方法的整个网络拓扑结构,包括了方法的各主要功能实体。FIG. 1 is a topology diagram of a P2P-based distributed traffic management method. The figure shows the entire network topology of the method, including the main functional entities of the method.
图2是基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法的功能层次结构图。图中给出了根据本方法的实体及功能划分的三层功能架构。FIG. 2 is a functional hierarchical structure diagram of a P2P-based distributed traffic management method. The figure shows a three-layer functional architecture according to the entity and function division of the method.
图3是基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法的客户端软体流程图。图中给出方法中客户端软体的整个执行流程。Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the client software of the P2P-based distributed flow management method. The figure shows the entire execution flow of the client software in the method.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提出了采用P2P原理实现分布式流量管理的方法,其中介绍了该方法的整体架构及实现原理,提出了基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法包含的各功能实体,并介绍了各功能实体的交互机制,尤其是反馈机制在该方法中的应用。方法采用第三代P2P架构,即混合P2P实现,类似于第三代P2P系统如Skype、BT等,该方法包括普通节点、超级节点和特殊服务器三类功能实体,不同实体具有不同配置,在方法中实现不同的功能;方法中的普通节点和超级节点都是普通网络用户,以入网通行证的身份,在普通网络用户的计算机上安装对应的功能软体,软体根据用户计算机配置不同决定是实现用户节点还是超级节点的功能;方法中的特殊服务器是网络中配置的一个或多个具有不同功能的服务器,包括流量管理策略服务器、网络信息服务器等。此外,该方法采用反馈机制,根据网络负载状况不同,流量管理策略也有所不同。The present invention proposes a method for implementing distributed flow management using the P2P principle, which introduces the overall structure and implementation principle of the method, proposes each functional entity included in the P2P-based distributed flow management method, and introduces the structure of each functional entity The use of interaction mechanisms, especially feedback mechanisms, in the method. The method adopts the third-generation P2P architecture, that is, hybrid P2P implementation, which is similar to the third-generation P2P systems such as Skype, BT, etc. This method includes three types of functional entities: ordinary nodes, super nodes and special servers. Different entities have different configurations. In the method In the method, ordinary nodes and super nodes are both ordinary network users. As a network access pass, the corresponding functional software is installed on the computers of ordinary network users. The software is determined according to the configuration of the user's computer. It is also the function of a super node; the special server in the method is one or more servers with different functions configured in the network, including a traffic management policy server, a network information server, and the like. In addition, the method adopts a feedback mechanism, and traffic management strategies are different according to different network load conditions.
以下分别介绍基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法的整体架构及工作原理、各功能实体及实体的交互。The following introduces the overall architecture and working principle of the P2P-based distributed traffic management method, each functional entity and the interaction of the entities.
首先介绍基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法的整体架构及工作原理。Firstly, the overall architecture and working principle of the P2P-based distributed traffic management method are introduced.
方法采用第三代混合P2P网络架构,具有类似于Skype的功能实体,具有三层功能结构,从下至上依次是普通节点层、超级节点层和服务器层,依次对应三类功能实体。The method adopts the third-generation hybrid P2P network architecture, which has a functional entity similar to Skype, and has a three-layer functional structure. From bottom to top, there are ordinary node layer, super node layer and server layer, which correspond to three types of functional entities.
所有网内用户进行网络访问,都必须以入网身份证的身份,安装具有本地流量识别与管理功能的软体,即网内各用户如需上网,必须首先安装该软体,类似于Dr.COM宽带登录客户端,并且根据用户计算机性能的不同,软体自动决定该用户属于普通节点还是超级节点。对于普通节点和超级节点,该软体均具有基本的网络接入、流量识别、流量管理等功能,不同的是,超级节点具有对所管辖普通节点提供由总策略服务器获得的流量管理策略、汇总网络信息并向信息服务器提交等特殊功能。All users in the network must install software with local traffic identification and management functions with the identity of the network ID card to access the network. That is, if each user in the network needs to access the Internet, he must first install the software, similar to Dr.COM broadband login Client, and according to the performance of the user's computer, the software automatically determines whether the user belongs to a normal node or a super node. For ordinary nodes and super nodes, the software has basic functions such as network access, traffic identification, and traffic management. information and submit it to the information server and other special functions.
为了能够为普通节点和超级节点提供有效的管理,方法中包含多个特殊服务器,这些服务器不像传统流量管理设备那样实现对网络流量的管理,也不是网络数据的出口,它们只是用来管理普通节点和超级节点,并为超级节点或其它服务器提供必要的信息,如目录服务器为其它特殊服务器提供超级节点列表信息、策略服务器为超级节点提供流量管理策略、信息服务器汇总超级节点提供的网络负载等信息并提交给策略服务器。In order to provide effective management for ordinary nodes and super nodes, the method contains a number of special servers. These servers do not manage network traffic like traditional traffic management equipment, nor are they the outlet of network data. They are only used to manage common Nodes and super nodes, and provide necessary information for super nodes or other servers, such as directory server provides super node list information for other special servers, policy server provides traffic management policies for super nodes, information server summarizes network load provided by super nodes, etc. information and submit it to the policy server.
下面详细介绍方法中包含的功能实体及实体交互。The functional entities and entity interactions contained in the method are introduced in detail below.
1、普通节点:1. Ordinary nodes:
普通节点是安装了客户端软体但计算机性能相对较差的网络用户,它具有客户端软体最基本的功能,具体工作过程包括:Ordinary nodes are network users who have installed client software but have relatively poor computer performance. It has the most basic functions of client software. The specific working process includes:
1)本地访问网络的用户认证,只有利用该客户端进行用户信息认证才允许用户具有访问网络的权限,新加入的客户端连接认证服务器进行用户认证,之后认证服务器将用户信息传达给该普通节点所属的超级节点,由超级节点进行管理;1) User authentication for local access to the network. Only by using the client for user information authentication can the user have access to the network. The newly added client connects to the authentication server for user authentication, and then the authentication server communicates the user information to the common node The super node to which it belongs is managed by the super node;
2)获得网络访问用户认证之后,由目录服务器获得本地可访问的超级节点列表信息,并建立与超级节点的连接;2) After obtaining the network access user authentication, the directory server obtains the locally accessible supernode list information, and establishes a connection with the supernode;
3)获得本地所有活动进程的网络访问及数据传输状况,并将本地网络传输状况递交给超级节点;3) Obtain the network access and data transmission status of all local active processes, and submit the local network transmission status to the super node;
4)根据超级节点传达的流量管理策略对本地所有进程的网络访问及数据传输进行有效的管理与控制,实现流量整形。4) Effectively manage and control the network access and data transmission of all local processes according to the traffic management strategy conveyed by the super node, and realize traffic shaping.
2、超级节点:2. Super node:
超级节点是安装了客户端软件且计算机性能相对较好的网络用户。它除了具有普通节点客户端的基本功能之外,还具有管理普通节点、传达子域内网络传输信息、以及传达流量管理策略等功能,从而最终达到减缓中心特殊服务器负载的目的。Super nodes are network users who have installed client software and have relatively good computer performance. In addition to the basic functions of ordinary node clients, it also has the functions of managing ordinary nodes, communicating network transmission information in sub-domains, and communicating traffic management policies, so as to finally achieve the purpose of slowing down the load of special servers in the center.
与普通节点相比,超级节点具有如下特点;Compared with ordinary nodes, super nodes have the following characteristics;
1)访问网络的用户认证直接连接认证服务器进行,新加入的超级节点信息由认证服务器将该超级节点信息传达给目录服务器;1) User authentication for accessing the network is directly connected to the authentication server, and the newly added super node information is communicated to the directory server by the authentication server;
2)在目录服务器将该超级节点信息传达给新加入的普通子节点的同时,将该子节点基本信息传达给该超级节点;2) When the directory server communicates the super node information to the newly added common child node, it transmits the basic information of the child node to the super node;
3)汇总各普通节点的传输信息,将所辖域内的网络传输信息传达给信息服务器;3) Summarize the transmission information of each common node, and convey the network transmission information within the jurisdiction to the information server;
4)由策略服务器获得流量管理策略,传达给所辖域内请求策略的普通节点。4) The traffic management policy is obtained by the policy server, and communicated to the common nodes in the domain requesting the policy.
3、特殊服务器:3. Special server:
特殊服务器是网络内的特殊实体,类似于Skype当中的登录服务器和事件服务器。根据实际需求,该方法设计的特殊服务器包括认证服务器、目录服务器、策略服务器、信息服务器总共四个特殊服务器,具体功能如下:Special servers are special entities within the network, similar to login servers and event servers in Skype. According to actual needs, the special server designed by this method includes a total of four special servers: authentication server, directory server, policy server, and information server. The specific functions are as follows:
1)认证服务器:1) Authentication server:
实现客户端用户访问网络权限认证的功能,服务器上存储所有客户端的用户认证信息,具有实现新用户的注册、密码修改等功能。具体信息交互包括:接收新加入节点的注册信息、接收所有客户端的密码修改信息、传达新加入节点信息给目录服务器等。Realize the function of client user access network authority authentication, store all client user authentication information on the server, and have functions such as new user registration and password modification. The specific information interaction includes: receiving the registration information of the newly added node, receiving the password modification information of all clients, and conveying the information of the newly added node to the directory server, etc.
2)目录服务器:2) Directory server:
目录服务器保存所有超级节点信息,能够为新加入普通节点分配所属的超级节点列表,能够将请求超级节点的普通节点信息传达给对应分配的超级节点,并将所有超级节点信息列表传达给策略服务器和信息服务器,从而便于策略服务器分配策略以及信息服务器汇总网络传输信息。The directory server saves all super node information, can assign the list of super nodes to newly added ordinary nodes, can communicate the ordinary node information of the requested super node to the corresponding assigned super node, and communicate the list of all super node information to the policy server and The information server facilitates the policy server to distribute policies and the information server to summarize network transmission information.
3)策略服务器:3) Policy server:
策略服务器根据信息服务器所获得的网络总体传输状况,包括网络各部分内部的负载状况,制定针对不同策略请求点的基于负载反馈的流量管理与控制策略,并将策略传达给请求策略的超级节点,进而由超级节点传达给请求策略的普通节点。According to the overall transmission status of the network obtained by the information server, including the load status of each part of the network, the policy server formulates traffic management and control policies based on load feedback for different policy request points, and communicates the policy to the super node requesting the policy. In turn, the super node communicates to the ordinary node requesting the policy.
4)信息服务器:4) Information server:
信息服务器的主要功能是接收超级节点传达的网络传输信息,将各超级节点所辖域内所有网络传输信息进行汇总分析,并进行统计,将网络传输信息的统计结果传递给策略服务器,便于策略服务器根据网络当前的负载状况,制定基于负载反馈的流量管理策略,从而可以使各客户端根据当前网络传输状况的不同,对本地进程访问网络进行不同的权限分配以及流量整形,最终达到网络资源充分合理利用的目的。The main function of the information server is to receive the network transmission information conveyed by the super nodes, summarize and analyze all the network transmission information within the jurisdiction of each super node, and make statistics, and pass the statistical results of the network transmission information to the policy server, so that the policy server can follow the According to the current load status of the network, a traffic management strategy based on load feedback can be formulated, so that each client can assign different permissions and traffic shaping to the local process access network according to the current network transmission status, and finally achieve full and reasonable use of network resources the goal of.
以下通过简单的例子来说明基于P2P的分布式流量管理方法的具体应用。The specific application of the P2P-based distributed traffic management method is illustrated below through a simple example.
可以将根据上述方法设计的流量管理系统部署在校园网、企业网等局域网络或者某电信网,首先在网络内部配置相应的认证服务器、目录服务器、策略服务器、信息服务器四类特殊的服务器,然后以入网通行证的身份迫使用户在自己的计算机安装客户端软体,实现每个网络用户自主实现网络流量管理的功能。客户端软体需要能够跨平台安装,以满足具有不同平台的网络用户。The traffic management system designed according to the above method can be deployed in a local area network such as a campus network, an enterprise network, or a certain telecommunication network. With the identity of the network access pass, users are forced to install client software on their computers, so that each network user can independently realize the function of network traffic management. Client software needs to be able to be installed across platforms to satisfy network users with different platforms.
系统工作过程描述如下:The working process of the system is described as follows:
1)新加入用户安装客户端软体,生成特殊服务器列表,安装后首次运行时判断本地计算机配置状况,从而确定是普通节点还是超级节点;1) A new user installs the client software, generates a special server list, and judges the configuration status of the local computer when running for the first time after installation, so as to determine whether it is a normal node or a super node;
2)将本地基本信息及新用户注册信息传达给认证服务器,如果是普通节点,由目录服务器获得所属超级节点列表,并由目录服务器将该普通节点信息传达给所属的超级节点,最终建立与超级节点的连接;如果是超级节点,由认证服务器将该超级节点信息传达给目录服务器更新超级节点列表;2) Communicate local basic information and new user registration information to the authentication server. If it is a common node, the directory server will obtain the list of super nodes to which it belongs, and the directory server will communicate the general node information to the super node to which it belongs, and finally establish a relationship with the super node. Node connection; if it is a super node, the authentication server will communicate the super node information to the directory server to update the super node list;
3)普通节点有网络访问及数据传输行为时,将本地网络状况报告给超级节点,并通过超级节点获得流量管理策略;3) When ordinary nodes have network access and data transmission behaviors, they report the local network status to super nodes, and obtain traffic management policies through super nodes;
4)超级节点将所辖普通节点的网络传输信息传达给信息服务器,由信息服务器反馈给策略服务器,策略服务器将流量管理策略传达给超级节点并由超级节点传达给请求策略的普通节点;4) The super node communicates the network transmission information of the ordinary nodes under its jurisdiction to the information server, and the information server feeds back to the policy server, and the policy server communicates the traffic management policy to the super node, and the super node communicates it to the ordinary node requesting the policy;
5)认证服务器及时更新网络所有用户的认证信息,并不断与目录服务器进行信息交互,更新目录服务器所存储的超级节点列表信息;5) The authentication server updates the authentication information of all users on the network in a timely manner, and constantly exchanges information with the directory server to update the super node list information stored in the directory server;
6)信息服务器及时接收各超级节点传达的网络传输信息,并将网络传输状况反馈给策略服务器,从而制定具有反馈机制的流量管理策略,保证策略制定的合理性,充分合理地利用网络资源。6) The information server receives the network transmission information conveyed by each super node in a timely manner, and feeds back the network transmission status to the policy server, so as to formulate a traffic management strategy with a feedback mechanism, ensure the rationality of policy formulation, and fully and rationally use network resources.
该系统部署完成之后,网内用户能够准确识别本地网络业务,自动根据当前网络的负载状况,采用不同的策略,实现网络流量管理与控制,既提高网内用户的满意度,又充分利用网络资源,防止资源浪费,降低网络运维成本。After the system is deployed, users in the network can accurately identify local network services, automatically adopt different strategies according to the current network load status, and realize network traffic management and control, which not only improves the satisfaction of users in the network, but also makes full use of network resources , prevent resource waste, and reduce network operation and maintenance costs.
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