A kind of reovirus inactivated vaccine and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of viral vaccine and preparation method, specifically, is the preparation method of a kind of reovirus and vaccine, belongs to the medical product technical field.
Background technology
Avianreovirus (Avianreovirus, be called for short ARV) be chicken viral arthritis and tenosynovitis main pathogen it
One, belong to Reoviridae, the member that reovirus belongs to.Since Fahey and Grawly (1954) were separated to (ARV) from the chicken respiratory of suffering from chronic respiratory tract disease first, many ARV separated strains were in the news in succession.Along with carrying out in a deep going way of research, the relation of ARV and other disease is also paid close attention to by people.Have been found that except that viral arthritis and tenosynovitis, ARV plays a part to a certain degree in the generation of diseases such as respiratory tract disease, intestinal disease, the sick damage of conscience, blue wing disease, the short and small syndrome of broiler, temporary digestive system disorder, all can be separated to ARV in the chicken body of suffering from these diseases.ARV worldwide exists, and is widely current in chicken, turkey, and other birds infects ARVS also report.Loss economically often is that feed conversion rate is low owing to arthritis, tenosynovitis cause discarded rate height and growth inhibited.Flourish along with aviculture, the influence of ARV is increasing, and its disease incidence that causes rises, and complexity increases.At present, the main means of control fowl group ARV morbidity are to use attenuated live vaccine or inactivated whole virus vaccines to control typical chicken reovirus infection by immunity inoculation.But because this virus is RNA viruses, a plurality of segmentations are arranged, ubiquity in commodity fowl group, between different strains in antigenic structure, pathogenic, cell culture characteristic, have certain difference on to trypsin sensitivity and host specificity.When genetic evolution, morph easily, the difference between two kinds of viruses of zones of different is bigger.Use external vaccine for the native country should virus prevention and treatment be not very desirable, and price is very high.Therefore, at this viral serotype of the specific existence of China, the vaccine of the former unexistent special advantage of Development and Production can play a positive role to control native country fowl group ARV morbidity undoubtedly, and can produce favorable economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide that a kind of immunity produces rapidly, longer duration, immunity are strong, at the reovirus inactivated vaccine and the preparation method of native country fowl group viral arthritis disease.
The alleged problem of the present invention is solved by following technical scheme:
A kind of reovirus, described virus be Avianreovirus (Avianreovirus, ARV), strain is the RS13 strain, preserving number was CGMCC No.1713, was deposited in Chinese microbial preservation administration committee common micro-organisms center on May 16th, 2006.
Above-mentioned reovirus inactivated vaccine, described reovirus does not have cyst membrane, be 20 body symmetries, genome is made of 10 double-stranded RNA segmentations, can tolerate 60 ℃ of 8~10h, insensitive to ether, to the chloroform slight sensitive, to the alkali sensitivity, 3% sodium hydroxide effect 1h, can kill virus, no blood clotting characteristic.
A kind of reovirus inactivated vaccine preparation method, it comprises the steps:
A. isolated viral: the position isolated virals such as feces, cloaca swab, stndon sheath and trachea the sick chicken of native country viral arthritis disease, with the washing of PBS buffer, filter, multigelation, discharge virus, virus is bred on Embryo Gallus domesticus or chick embryo fibroblast go down to posterity, make virus titer reach 10
10.5ELD
50/ 0.2ml uses viral seed as producing;
B. serum detects: with in the S1133 positive serum and after, inoculate in 10 age in days SPF Embryo Gallus domesticus or the chick embryo fibroblast, corresponding Embryo Gallus domesticus body and internal organs pathological changes or corresponding cytopathy do not appear, confirm that this viral serotype is identical with S1133;
C. virus breeding: seed culture of viruses bred on Embryo Gallus domesticus or chick embryo fibroblast go down to posterity, virus titer is detected reach 10
10.5ELD
50/ 0.2ml;
D. vaccine inactivation: formalin-inactivated 16 hours, formalin concentration are 34%, and addition is 2 ‰ of a deactivation liquor capacity; (actual pure concentration of formaldehyde is 0.64 ‰)
E. oil phase preparation: in white oil, add aluminium stearate, boil by 5 ‰ (volume/volume) adding Si Ben-80 and form by 2 ‰ (weight/volume);
F. emulsifying: add emulsifier tween-80, tween 80 accounts for 1% of water volume, and water and oil phase volume ratio are 3: 5, with 12000 rev/mins of emulsifyings 10 minutes, makes inactivated vaccine with mulser.
Above-mentioned reovirus inactivated vaccine preparation method, described breeding was gone down to posterity for 35~45 generations.
The present invention isolates reovirus from native country fowl group infects the sick chicken of ARV; the reovirus that separation is obtained goes down to posterity on Embryo Gallus domesticus some generations; make inactivated vaccine; be applied to immune chicken; produce immunne response in 1 week, can produce strong immunity in 2 weeks, duration of immunity is 2~2.5 months; the counteracting toxic substances protective rate is 94.8%~98.8% between duration of immunity, apparently higher than external import vaccine protective rate.This vaccine to China should virus prevention and treatment be even more ideal selection, be adapted to domestic each poultry-farm, safe and reliable, has very big actual application value, can remedy at present domestic aspect the reovirus infection defective of vaccine vacancy, for the control of this disease provide a kind of can practicable inactivated vaccine.
The specific embodiment
Vaccine of the present invention is at native country reovirus RS13 strain, this virus does not have cyst membrane, is 20 body symmetries, and genome is made of 10 double-stranded RNA segmentations, heat there is resistance, can tolerate 60 ℃ of 8~10h, insensitive to ether, to the chloroform slight sensitive, to the alkali sensitivity, 3% sodium hydroxide effect 1h can kill virus, and this virus does not have the blood clotting characteristic.
This virus is grown in Embryo Gallus domesticus easily, can select yolk sac inoculation for use when separating for the first time, general 3~5 days chicken embryo deaths after inoculation, and Embryo Gallus domesticus is purple because of extensive subcutaneous hemorrhage.During the allantocherion inoculation, death in common 7~8 days, allantocherion has protuberance slightly, dispersive white focus, Embryo Gallus domesticus mild dysplasia.
This virus also can be bred on chick embryo fibroblast, but needs to adapt to, and promptly adherent cell 1h often forms syncytium, comes across 24~48 hours the earliest, occurs the cavity after the cell monolayer degeneration subsequently, and giant cell is suspended in the culture medium.
Below provide the embodiment of preparation inactivated vaccine:
A. isolated viral: from feces, cloaca swab (if other sick chicken of the sick chicken of ill toxicity arthritis, then extract at other diseased region) in isolated viral, (add sodium chloride 8g in the 1000ml water with the PBS buffer, potassium chloride 0.2g, potassium dihydrogen sulfate 0.12g, sodium hydrogen phosphate 0.91g) washing, filter, multigelation 5 times discharges virus, separates to obtain virus.This virus was bred for 45 generations on chick embryo fibroblast, detect virus titer, reach 10
10.5ELD
50/ 0.2ml gets the 45th and withholds and obtain virus, uses viral seed as producing.
In the test that the present invention carries out, when virus through 45 generations of continuous passage, virulence weakens during obviously than separation just, but still virulence is stronger.The virus that goes down to posterity from the detection of tiring of the virus in continuous 10 generations in the 35th generation to 45 generations, all can be reached very high numerical value, promptly 10
10.5ELD
50About/0.2ml, illustrate that this virus has adapted in chick embryo fibroblast to breed, and highly stable.From virulence attenuation of, stable, the safety, effective of virus multiplication, prove that this virus is adapted at producing large-scale application.Simultaneously, also conclusion unanimity therewith of the result of study of clinical trial.
B. serum detects: with in the S1133 positive serum and after, in the inoculated into chick embryo fibroblast, corresponding cytopathy does not appear, confirm that its serotype is identical with S1133.
C. virus breeding: virus with 1: 10000 ratio inoculated into chick embryo fibroblast, was adsorbed 0.2ml/ piece of injection 1 hour, 37.5 ℃~38.5 ℃ of conditions cultivate, and cultivate a few days, 90 hours harvestings and nutritional solution, measure viral level, virus went down to posterity for 45 generations, virus titer is detected reach 10
10.5ELD
50/ 0.2ml.
D. vaccine inactivation: formalin-inactivated 16 hours, the formaldehyde that accounts for deactivation liquor capacity 2 ‰ (effective ingredient is 0.68 ‰) amount with analytical pure formalin (concentration 34%) joins in the viral liquid, and 37 ℃ of effects 16 hours shook up once in per 2 hours.
E. emulsifying: add emulsifier tween-80, tween 80 accounts for 1% of water volume, and water and oil phase volume ratio are 3: 5, and wherein water promptly is the viral liquid of deactivation, the white oil that oil phase is used during for emulsifying.With 12000 rev/mins of emulsifyings of mulser 10 minutes, make reovirus inactivated vaccine, every 0.2ml contains virus quantity 10
3.5ELD50.
This vaccine is the Water-In-Oil type through property determination, has good stability modest viscosity.Vaccine was placed 3 months at 20 ℃, placed 9 months, and layering do not occur for 4 ℃.
Safety check: 10 times of amounts of getting using dosage are 10
4.5ELD
50/ 0.2ml foot-pad immunization 1 age in days SPF chicken observed for 2 weeks, and situations such as footpad inoculation position NIP reaction occur.
Imitate inspection: getting using dosage is 10
3.5The subcutaneous immune 1 age in days chicken of ELD50/0.2ml nape portion after 2 weeks, is used strong virus attack, and protective rate reaches 100%.The immunity chicken produces immunne response in 1 week, in 2 weeks, can produce strong immunity, and duration of immunity is 2 months, and the counteracting toxic substances protective rate is 95.2%~98.8% between duration of immunity.